Professional Documents
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Technical Overview
PRPI-019
Version 3.00 Revision 1
General
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Energy
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MODIFICATION RECORD
PRPI-019-3.00-1 General
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
Contents
Purpose....................................................................................................................................... ix
Who Should Use this Document?............................................................................................... x
Additional Documentation.......................................................................................................... x
Whats New.....................................................................................................................................1
1. System Overview........................................................................................................................5
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
5.1 What is the difference between the D20 and the D200?................................................... 81
5.2 Will VME cards work with my non-VME systems? ........................................................ 81
5.3 What is the I/O capacity of a D20 system?....................................................................... 81
5.4 What is the I/O capacity of a D200 system?..................................................................... 82
5.5 What are the added features of the ME II Main Processor over the ME Main Processor? ..
....................................................................................................................................... 82
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Figures
Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor.............................................................................................. 1
Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)....................................................................... 2
Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System...................................................................... 5
Figure 4 D20 System Architecture ............................................................................................... 8
Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout ............................................................................................ 9
Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform ........................................................................ 10
Figure 7 D200 System Architecture ........................................................................................... 11
Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout ........................................................................................ 12
Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing............................................................................................. 13
Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing......................................................................................... 14
Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor.......................................................................................... 15
Figure 12 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)................................................................... 16
Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies............................................................. 16
Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral................................................................................................... 17
Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version) ............................................................................... 23
Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version)....................................................................................... 23
Figure 17 D200 Chassis .............................................................................................................. 24
Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module ........................................................................................ 25
Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram.............................................................................................. 26
Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization............................................................................... 31
Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal ...................................................................................... 31
Figure 22 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion)................................................................... 32
Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination ........................................................ 34
Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral DB25 Termination ................................................................... 34
Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral Disconnect Termination........................................................... 35
Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral Barrier Termination ................................................................. 35
Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram............................................................................ 36
Figure 28 D20S Digital Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 40
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Tables
Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements.......................................................................... 3
Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison........................................................................................ 7
Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies............................................................................................. 17
Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications..................................................................... 27
Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types .................................................................................. 32
Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals ............................................................................................. 33
Table 7 I/O Processing................................................................................................................. 39
Table 8 D20S Specifications....................................................................................................... 43
Table 9 D20S Options................................................................................................................. 43
Table 10 D20A Specifications .................................................................................................... 48
Table 11 D20A Options .............................................................................................................. 49
Table 13 D20K Specifications .................................................................................................... 52
Table 14 D20K Options .............................................................................................................. 53
Table 12 D20KI Options............................................................................................................. 54
Table 15 D20C Daughter Boards................................................................................................ 55
Table 16 D20C Specifications .................................................................................................... 56
Table 17 D20C Options .............................................................................................................. 57
Table 18 D20AC Features and Specifications ............................................................................ 58
Table 19 D20AC Options ........................................................................................................... 59
Table 20 D20/D200 Power Supplies........................................................................................... 61
Table 21 D20/D200 Battery Chargers ........................................................................................ 62
Table 22 D20/D200 Modems...................................................................................................... 63
Table 23 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications ............................................................... 64
Table 24 D20/D200 Communications Links .............................................................................. 65
Table 25 D20/D200 Fiber Optic Links ....................................................................................... 75
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
Purpose
This document provides a technical overview of the D20/D200 Remote Terminal Unit (RTU).
The document is organized as follows:
Whats New: This section highlights recent additions and enhancements that have been
made to the D20/D200 product line.
1. System Overview: This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware
and software.
2. Detailed Technical Description: This section provides a detailed description of the
D20/D200 hardware, software and operation.
3. Configuration and Maintenance Software: This section describes utilities and
applications that are available to help you configure, manage and maintain your D20/D200
system.
4. Application Software: This section describes some of the substation automation and
SCADA applications that are available for the D20/D200.
5. Frequently Asked Questions: This appendix presents answers to frequently asked
questions about the D20/D200.
A. Specifications and Supported Standards: This appendix lists key industry
specifications with which the D20/D200 complies.
B. Supported Host Protocols: This appendix lists SCADA host protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
C. Supported IED Protocols: This appendix lists IED protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
D. Power Consumption D20 Modules This appendix lists nominal power consumption
for D20 components, for use in power calculations.
E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility: This appendix shows the compatibility of
D20 processors with the D20/D200 chassis.
F. D.20 Link Installation: This appendix provides guidelines on planning and installing a
D.20 Link.
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Additional Documentation
For further information about the D20/D200 product family, refer to the following documents:
D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (994-0078)
D20, D25, iBOX Automation Applications (PRPI-048)
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Whats New
GE Energy is pleased to announce the following additions to the D20/D200 product family:
Each D20ME II RS-485 port can communicate with up to 32 devices and operate over distances up
to 4000 feet, without the use of repeaters. The D20ME II is backwards compatible with VME and
non-VME versions of the D20 chassis, and with the D200 chassis. For more information, see
section 2.2, Main Processor.
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Alternative
Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement
Replacement
Part Number 580-0240 580-2006 580-2007
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/3 A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A
General PRPI-019-3.00-1
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D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Energy
Alternative
Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement
Replacement
Part Number 580-0241 580-2006 580-2007
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A
Drop In Alternative
Supply Phased Out
Replacement Replacement
Part Number 580-0296 580-2004 580-2005
Input Voltage
20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC
Range
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1 A
Drop In Alternative
Supply Phased Out
Replacement Replacement
Part Number 580-0297 580-2007 580-2006
Input Voltage 100300 VDC or 100-300 VDC or 100-300 VDC or
Range 90265 VAC 85-264 VAC 85-264 VAC
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 48 V/1 A 48 V/1 A 24 V/3 A
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1. System Overview
This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware and software. More
detailed technical information can be found in 2. Detailed Technical Description.
The D20/D200 is the heart of GE Energys iSCS (Integrated Substation Control System), as
illustrated in Figure 3.
Corp. LAN
Data Concentration /
Protocol Conversion Status
Control
GE IP Server Analogs
GE D20
D20 I/O Modules
GE UR Relay
Ethernet Relays
GE Legacy
GE
Multlin relays
tMEDIC Radio to DA system
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D20 D200
* Each D20/D200 application has specific memory and processing requirements. The number
of applications that can be supported is therefore system-specific, and this will be
determined during system engineering. If the applications you require are particularly
processor or memory-intensive, the number that can be supported may be less than that
shown in Table 2. Likewise, if the applications are not particularly processor or memory-
intensive, the number that can be supported may be higher than that shown. Contact GE
Energy for further information.
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DMS/EMS/PLA
DMS/EMS/PLA
RS-232/
485 This device is protected by a wide range of patents
4032144581, 4032144581, 4032144581, 4032144851
D.20 Link
802.3
LAN
Ethernet
IEDs or
Relays
IEDs or
Relays I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
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40
D20 CHASSIS
(with 7 COM ports)
UPC
30
WESDAC D20A
WESTERM D20A
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
20 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
10
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D200 hardware is similar in design to the D20 hardware, but it has significantly more physical
capacity. Based on a 9-slot VME chassis, the D200, illustrated in Figure 7, can support up to:
4 D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O
peripherals, with repeaters
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME or D20ME II Main Processor)
Two Ethernet channels
DMS/EMS/PLA
DMS/EMS/PLA
D200 RTU Master
WAN
...
RS-232/
485
Ethernet
IEDs or IEDs or
Relays I/O Peripheral Relays
...
I/O Peripheral
I/O Peripheral
...
I/O Peripheral
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42
FAILOVER SUPPLY
40 BLANK PANEL
FAILOVER SUPPLY
BLANK PANEL
WESDAC D20S
D.20 DC INTERFACE
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
20 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
10 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
1.6.1 Chassis
The D20 and D200 chassis feature a VME/Eurocard design for mounting plug-in D20 modules:
Main Processor
Power Supplies
Modems
Ethernet/Memory Expansion Module
Media Interface Card
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
For convenience, maintenance ports, test points, indicators and power switches are brought out to
the front of the chassis. With VME versions of the D20 and D200 chassis, external connections
are provided through rear-mounted termination panels.
D20EME Ethernet
Memory Expansion
Module Power Supply
5.25
in
8.5 in
19.0 in
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processor (up to 2)
Modem
Media Interface
Cards
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D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Energy
10.5 in
in.
14
19 in.
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processors Modem Slots (seven if MIC
(up to seven) installed, eight otherwise)
Media Interface Card
(MIC)
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1.6.2.1 D20ME
The D20ME Main Processor:
Concentrates data from substation equipment, then processes and forwards this data to the
SCADA Master
Receives control actions from the SCADA Master and forwards these actions to substation
equipment
Depending on the application software supported on the unit, initiates control actions based
on the status of the substation equipment
Processes maintenance commands received through the WESMAINT port.
The D20ME interfaces with substation equipment through:
D20 I/O Peripherals
RS-232 ports (eight RS-232 ports per D20ME, one of which is the maintenance port)
Ethernet ports (two per D20/D200)
1.6.2.2 D20ME II
In addition to the D20ME functionality described above, the D20ME II main processor can be
configured to support RS-485 communications on any of seven serial ports (the eighth is
reserved for the RS-232 WESMAINT port). Through each of the RS-485 serial ports, the
D20/D200 can communicate point-to-multipoint with large numbers of end devices, out to a
distance of 4000 feet.
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The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
Ethernet only
Memory only
Ethernet and Memory
For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.
PRPI-019-3.00-1 General
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
For a listing of available power supplies, refer to section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies and
Chargers.
1.6.5 Modems
GE Energy offers a wide range of D20/D200 modems to provide communication between the
D20/D200 and SCADA host computers or remote devices, including proprietary WESDAC
modems and third-party modems from vendors such as Telenetics and Westermo. For more
information, see section 2.6, D20 Modems.
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D20C Combination of 16 digital inputs and 8 digital outputs. Optional 16 analog inputs, or
8 analog inputs and 8 analog outputs.
D20AC Up to 15 direct AC inputs and 1 DC analog input
For a detailed description, see section 2.4, I/O Peripheral.
D20 I/O peripherals are available in standard and high-voltage versions. The high-voltage
versions of the peripherals are electrically more robust than the standard versions, and meet a
broader range of industry standards. These standards, which include IEC standards for
electrostatic discharge, RFI susceptibility, electrical stress, and vibration, are described in A.
Specifications and Supported Standards.
1.9 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
RS-232
RS-485
D.20 Link
Ethernet
For a detailed description, see section 2.7, Communications.
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
1.10 Firmware
The D20/D200 software is based on a core set of software modules, collectively referred to as
the base system. The base system is programmed into the D20/D200 on-board flash memory as
firmware. Processing and data acquisition functionality is distributed between the I/O peripheral
processors, which have similar but smaller base systems, and the D20 main processor. The base
system for the D200 is commonly referred to as the CCU base system. For a detailed description,
see section 2.2.3 , Firmware.
D20/D200 base systems have the following features:
System calls are available for user-generated software
D20 peripheral firmware and processes
Support of libraries and processes for a wide range of I/O devices
Database manager facility (WESDAC Interface Node)
Background system diagnostics
Comprehensive diagnostic and maintenance facility support (WESMAINT)
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2.1.1 General
The design of the D20/D200 packaging was driven by the following electric utility requirements:
Environmental standards required by the power utility and resource industries
Compliance with worldwide industry standards
Maintainability Minimize the requirement for, and simplify, routine maintenance
Reliability Maximize the Mean Time Between Failure and minimize Mean Time To
Restore
Packaging efficiency
Safety
To achieve these requirements, D20/D200 packaging is based on:
Compact modules designed for industry-standard 19" (483 mm) rack mounting.
VME/Eurocard architecture
Front access provided on peripheral I/O modules for easy access to field terminations,
displays and auxiliary hardware
Electronics and logic circuits are easily removed from fixed I/O termination panels, without
powering down the equipment or disconnecting field termination
High-quality metal panels for all chassis, mountings, panels and terminations
Corrosion-resistant finishes and anodized parts, for resistance to rust, oxidization and
scratching
Gold-plated connectors and sockets where necessary, tin or nickel-palladium plated
connectors and sockets otherwise
Connectors, integrated circuit sockets and terminations providing secure positive connections
Separate termination boards for customer connections and serial I/O access
Standard screw compression-type terminal blocks, capable of terminating a single #12 AWG
[2.05mm] wire supplied for field I/O terminations. Optional DB25 connectors, removable
terminals or customer-specified terminal blocks provide flexible termination schemes.
Industry-standard FR-4 epoxy glass printed circuit boards, coated with solder mask
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2.1.2 Enclosure
To meet specific customer requirements, GE offers a wide range of equipment enclosures,
including NEMA 1, 4, 4X and 12 standard wall-mount, freestanding or swing frame cabinets.
The standard cabinet color is beige. Custom colors (e.g. ASAG/gray) are available by request. As
well, a complete line of accessories, such as lighting, AC outlets, and door locks, are available as
options.
2.1.3 Chassis
D20/D200 chassis assemblies are 19 rack-mountable and based on Eurocard/VME
(VersaModular Eurocard) standards. The chassis provides mounting and interconnection for the
following D20 modules:
Main processors
Power supplies
Modems
Ethernet/Memory expansion
Media interface cards
Power switches, test points and indicators are mounted on the front of the D20 modules. Rear-
mounted back planes are used to interconnect the VME bus positions and to provide cable and
wire-harness interfaces.
Depending on your application, the following types of chassis are available:
D20 Chassis (non-VME)
D20 Chassis (VME)
D200 Chassis (VME)
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
WESMAINT Port
D20M++ or D20ME
or D20ME II (non VME version) Power Supply
Main Processor
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The logic panel contains all of the logic circuitry and active components in the peripheral I/O
module. The termination panel provides terminations for all field I/O, power, and maintenance
connections, as well as connection to the upstream and downstream D.20 links. The termination
panel is designed for flat mounting or 19 rack mounting.
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GE Energy D20/D200 Technical Overview
Acrylic Display
Cover
el
i c Pan
og
CL
SDA
WE
Terminal Blocks
el
an
nP
tio
m ina
e r
T
RM
STE
Metal Mounting WE
Plate
2.1.5 Environmental
The D20 main processors meet all published specifications when operated within a temperature
range of -20 to +70 C and a relative humidity range of 0 to 95% non-condensing. For operation
below -20 C, optional heaters are available.
Note: At higher extremes of the temperature and humidity operating ranges (i.e., when
temperature and humidity are both high), occasional errors may be observed on RS-
485/D.20 links; however, packets with errors are detected and retransmitted by the data
communications protocol. The net result is error-free communications.
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2.2.1 Hardware
The D20ME is an advanced, single board, VME-bus-compatible central processing unit. It uses a
real-time multi-tasking operating system that supports all standard SCADA/EMS related
functions and advanced custom applications. It features high-speed CMOS logic devices that
ensure low power consumption, noise immunity and reliability.
Local Interrupts
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
VME Interrupts
VME BUS
MEMORY VME Bus
INTERFACE
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The D20ME consists of five distinct interacting circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 19.
CPU/Control performs data processing, device addressing and system control. The D20ME
uses an MC68030 32-bit microprocessor, which is capable of addressing up to four
megabytes of on-board memory or four gigabytes when used in conjunction with external
memory accessible via the VME bus interface. Also included in this block are address
decoding, clock and control signal generation, asynchronous control, power
monitor/watchdog timer/reset, status output port and diagnostic/debug facilities.
Memory consists of memory components and circuits. The D20ME uses boot EPROM and
three banks of four sets of memory devices (static RAM, non-volatile RAM, and flash)
providing up to 1.5 MB, 0.5 MB, and 2 MB respectively of on-board memory.
Interrupt Control consists of an interrupt handler designed specifically for the VME bus. It
operates in conjunction with a VME bus controller, and determines the importance of, and
controls, interrupts from the serial ports, the D.20 Link HDLC chip, and the real-time clock.
Serial I/O is the communications center of the D20ME. It consists of two D.20 HDLC
communications ports, one RS-232 9600 baud maintenance port and seven byte-oriented
asynchronous RS-232 communication ports. The seven serial ports, all of which are
programmable, are used for communication with SCADA/EMS master stations and/or other
serial devices, such as printers and IEDs. The HDLC port handles a bit-oriented D.20
protocol structure for communicating with the D20 I/O peripheral.
VME Bus Interface. The D20ME operates as the VME bus master to allow it to interface to,
control and arbitrate the VME bus.
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Item Description
Communications Two HDLC ports for link to peripheral modules
The D20ME has seven programmable RS-232 serial ports for
communications to SCADA master, satellite RTUs and IEDs. The D20ME II
has seven programmable serial ports, any combination of RS-232 and RS-
485.
38,400 kbps on all 7 ports, all running half duplex & 100% utilization (D20ME
and D20ME II)
9600 baud, RS-232 maintenance port (D20ME and D20ME II)
Support leased/dial-up telephone lines, modems, 900 MHz radio, trunked
radio, spread spectrum radio, microwave, and fiber optic communications.
Power Requirements Power consumption: 3.5 W typical, 5 W max.
Physical LED indications: Run/Halt and System Fail
2.2.3 Firmware
The D20ME contains two types of firmware: BootROM and flash applications. BootROM
contains the software needed to start up a D20 and diagnostic applications. Application software
consists of a base system that includes the operating system, hardware-dependent software, and
applications that are modular and hardware-independent so they can run on multiple platforms
(D20, D25 and iBOX, for example).
2.2.3.1 BootROM
BootROM firmware is stored on an EPROM chip. The following types of programs are stored as
BootROM firmware:
Operating system
Boot-up (reset) code
Device drivers
IRQ controller initialization
Interrupt service procedures
Monitor functions
Root process
Watchdog task
Operating System
The D20ME operating system is pSOS. pSOS is a real-time, multi-tasking operating system
kernel, with the following features:
Integrated, multi-tasking with a structured efficient supervisory layer
Priority scheduling of processes in coordination with other tasks. User applications are
partitioned into sets of processes
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One of the D20ME/ME II serial ports is connected to the demodulated IRIG B port (IRIG,
InterRange Instrumentation Group) of a GPS receiver (or other device), as illustrated in Figure
20. The D20ME/ME II obtains accurate time information from the GPS receiver then regularly
distributes this information to the connected substation devices that require it. For example, the
D20ME/ME II can operate as an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server, distributing
time information to devices that are equipped with SNTP clients.
GPS Satellites
GPS Reciever
IRIG-B
D20ME Processor
0 10 20 30 40 50
1 2 4 8 10 20 40 1 2 4 8 10 20 40 1 2 4 8 10 20 1 2 4 8 10 20 40 80 100 200
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
50 60 70 80 90 100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 27 28 29 210 211 212 213 214 215 216
P6 P7 P8 P9 P10
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The IRIG B format supports the time of day (hours, minutes, seconds) and the day of the year.
The day of the year is the elapsed day starting from January 1st, and is reported as a number from
1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Year information is not provided by the IRIG B signal. Accuracy to
milliseconds is obtained by tagging the leading edge of the pulse train to the time defined by the
pulse train.
The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
Ethernet only
Memory only
Ethernet and Memory
Memory configurations come equipped with 8 MB of battery-backed static RAM. This additional
memory increases the amount of historical data, and the size of the database, that can be
maintained by the D20/D200. Memory capacity can be upgraded to 16 MB, through the
installation of an additional memory module.
Ethernet configurations are equipped with two independent 10 Mbps Ethernet channels. A Media
Interface Card provides the physical Ethernet interface. Several versions of the MIC are
available, depending on the Ethernet format.
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DB25: Field wiring is terminated onto the D20 I/O peripheral through DB25 connectors, as
illustrated below:
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Disconnect: Field wiring is terminated onto plug-on terminator blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm]
max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm), which then mate with board-mounted headers
on the D20 I/O Peripheral. This is illustrated in Figure 25, with the board-mounted header
shown on the right, and the cable plug shown on the left.
Barrier: Field wiring is terminated onto barrier terminals (#10 AWG [2.59mm] max, #6-32
screws) on the D20 I/O peripheral, as illustrated below:
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2.4.3 Hardware
D20 I/O peripherals consist of four distinct circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 27.
D20 A
MCU CONTROL 32 Analog Inputs
D20 S
64 Digital Inputs
Data Address and I/O
Control Buses D20 K
32 Control Outputs
D20C
16 Digital Inputs
8 Control Outputs
Optional:
16 Analog Inputs or
8 Analog Inputs and
8 Analog Outputs
20 - 60 VDC
+12 V
-12 V Channel 1
POWER D.20 HDLC Ports
+5 V SERIAL I/O
SUPPLY Channel 2
(backup)
Maintenance
Port
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In addition to the above, each D20 I/O Module is equipped with module-specific status
indicators.
2.4.4 Firmware
There are two main types of peripheral I/O software: common code and base-application code.
Similar to the D20 main processor software, peripheral software is installed as firmware on the
modules. Common code is resident in the peripheral modules, and device-specific base
applications are stored in the D20 main processor then downloaded to the peripheral modules at
boot-up.
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portion is used to view data, or to verify that the module is functioning correctly by, for example,
forcing a control point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
The monitor facility is designed to interpret commands from the maintenance port, such as
storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent commands once an
application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
Library Resources
The peripheral module library resources contain several general-purpose conversion routines.
Type Description
Digital Output Configurable control type, security and rules
Support simultaneous control of digital outputs
Request queuing
Request repetition
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The D20S Digital Input Peripheral, illustrated above, obtains and processes digital input states
from field devices. Changes of state in the digital inputs are reported to the D20 main processor
for further processing, over the high-speed D.20 Link.
Note: D20C peripherals are also able to process digital inputs. Digital input processing on the
D20C is the same as that on the D20 S. More information on the D20C is provided in
section 2.4.10 , D20C Combination I/O Peripheral.
The D20S logic module plugs directly into a D20S termination panel equipped with screw
compression type terminals for field terminations. The D20S termination panel is jumper
configurable, so that contact wetting can be supplied from either the D20S power source or from
an external source. Wetting voltage is fused and monitored.
The D20S can accept up to 64 digital inputs, each of which can be configured from a
downloaded database to be processed as one of the following:
Status and alarm inputs
Status inputs with change of state detection (COS)
Sequence of events (SOE) using time-tagged COS
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9 - 16
17 - 24
Parallel
Peripheral 25 - 32
Interface
33 - 40
PPI
41 - 48
49 - 56
57 - 64
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517-0179 D20SD 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors.
517-0219 D20SX 64 channel digital input termination board with separable compression blocks.
517-0327 D20SB 64 channel input termination board with barrier strips.
517-0330 D20SDI 24V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0331 D20SDI 48V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0262 D20SDI 125V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0241 D20SZ 48V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with compression
blocks.
517-0249 D20SZ 110V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
517-0266 D20SZ 220V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
The D20A Analog Input Peripheral, illustrated above, is a 32-point analog input interface
module. The D20A, which is capable of processing standard voltage and current inputs
continuously, has the following features:
Programmable Input Ranges: A programmable gain instrument amplifier permits
programming of voltage input ranges. Ranges are stored in RAM on a per-point basis. (+/- 1,
+/-5, +/- 10 V scale).
Variable Scan Rate: Programmable scan rate from 17.2 to 20.5 ms (50/60 Hz) on a per
module basis.
32 Differential Analog Inputs and eight internal references using synchronous integrating-
type analog-to-digital (A/D) converters
A/D Conversion provides excellent normal-mode rejection characteristics while maintaining
very good response times (approximately 550 ms total).
The D20A logic module plugs directly into a D20A termination panel, which provides three
screw compression type terminals for each input (+, -, shield) and sockets for analog scaling
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networks. Provision is made for configuring analog loop supplies from the D20A power source,
or externally. Loop voltage is fused.
The analog input section consists of a filter and solid-state multiplexer, a variable-gain amplifier,
an integrating voltage-to-frequency converter, a programmable timer, a CPU time register and
miscellaneous support circuitry. Figure 31 is a block diagram of the analog input peripheral.
9 - 16
PPI
17 - 24
Opto
PGA
Gain 25 - 32
Ranges
Select
0.5
1
5 Voltage
References Analog Input Ranges
0, +/-1, +/-5, +/-10 10 V 50 mA
5 V 20 mA
1 V 10 mA
PGA Temperature
5 mA
Transducer
PTM Reference
1 mA
Voltage to
Frequency
Converter Legend
MCU.......... Microcontroller Unit
OPTO........ Optical Isolator
PTM...........Programmable Timer Module
MCU SYNC OPTO PPR OPTO PPI............ Parallel Peripheral Interface
PPR...........Pulse Position Resolver
+12V
Switch Mode
50/60 Hz
Power Supply
Clock
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Analog Inputs
The D20A analog input module is capable of handling 32 differential analog inputs. The
conversion process is performed using a +/- 5 V full scale voltage only, with a software
controlled programmable gain amplifier providing full-scale input voltage ranges of +/- 1.0 V,
+/- 5.0 V and +/- 10 V on any input. Any required current input is accommodated using precision
shunt-resistor analog-scaling networks on each input. Adaptors at the input of each analog point
convert current and unusual voltage inputs to the required 1, 5 or 10 V full-scale input. Refer to
the Index for a list of available analog input adapters.
Conversion
After the input has been appropriately scaled, it is fed into a voltage-to-frequency converter. To
reject line noise (NMR), the output frequency is counted over a 50 or 60 Hz period (user
configurable). This value is compared to the microprocessor count over the same period to obtain
a raw analog count. It is this raw analog value that is converted to a 14-bit (plus sign) number
(the digitized raw analog value) representing the input voltage. The microprocessor can convert
all of the 32 inputs within a scan period of 550 ms (60 Hz) to 656 ms (50 Hz.)
Voltage References
The D20A uses a high-precision voltage reference chip to provide seven on-board references for
auto-calibration. After a specified number of scans (user configurable), the microprocessor
converts each of the references. The new calculated reference values are then stored over the
previously converted values in the reference data table. If the new values are within a certain
range (user configurable) of the old values, they are kept. If they are out of this range, an error is
reported.
Auto Zero
Eight internal references, which include a temperature reference, provide auto zero and auto
calibration functions. This results in an accuracy and temperature stability of the module equal to
the internal precision voltage reference.
The calculation used to obtain the digitized raw analog value (during the conversion process)
would normally be based on a linear curve like Line A shown in Figure 33. Due to temperature,
gain and offset inaccuracies, the curve may be slightly non-linear (Line B, exaggerated for
demonstration purposes). The D20 minimizes this error by a technique called three-point
linearity correction. By separately calculating the linearity difference (slope m) of the 0 to +5 V
and 0 to -5 V ranges, the software can use a different equation for either positive or negative
values.
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Line C: Y = m2X + b2
Digitized
Raw
Analog 0000
Line B
-16383
5 25 45 X
Frequency (kHz)
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Communication Interface with D20ME consists of data control and formatting functions
that are called by common code using application interface tables. The formatting functions
place the requested data into an addressed buffer.
Maintenance Interface implements several maintenance and diagnostic commands.
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The D20K is a 32-point control output interface module. The 32 output drivers can be arranged
in several hardware/software configurations, depending on the system requirements. The D20K
ensures secure operation of the control output interface. All control actions requested by the
D20/D200 are initiated, timed, reset and validated by the D20K.
The D20K logic module plugs directly into a D20K termination panel, which is equipped with
field terminations. The D20K termination panel consists of 32 momentary control relays plus
two Master Trip and Close relays. The Master Trip and Close relay contacts are wired in series
with the point-select relay contacts controlling the output power for each point.
The D20K also provides a Local/Remote switch and control output fusing. The Local/Remote
switch is a manually operated switch used to disable D20K relay coil power during maintenance.
An off-line indication is passed to the D20 main processor, which is available as a pseudo status
to the host.
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Control Rules:
If two requests are destined for the same digital output point, they will not be applied
concurrently; instead, they will be applied sequentially. (Control requests can be
conducted concurrently, but only if one of the requests requires a master relay.).
If two requests requiring master relays are destined for different digital output points,
they can be conducted concurrently, as long as each request is associated with a different
set of master relays.
Simultaneous Digital Output Points: D20/D200 peripherals support the simultaneous
control of digital output points, where these output points must be operated at precisely the
same time.
Request Queuing: Control operations can be queued, where this is required by the
application.
Request Repetition: Control pulse trains can be generated, where this is required by the
application.
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Item Description
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating 1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 4 W typical at 24 V, 11 W max. at 24 V with all
relays energized
Size D20K logic board and D20K relay termination board
assembly: 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
D20KI1 interposing relay board (compression terminals):
19" x 5.25"
D20KI2 interposing relay board (barrier terminals): 19" x 7"
D20KR termination board for D20KI1/D20KI2: 19" x 5.25"
D20KI-OPC (517-0215): Interposing relay panel for
D20SD and D20CD, equipped with sliding link terminal
blocks.
LED Indicators Common LEDs, described in Section 2.2.1 , Hardware.
Local (GREEN) LED, which turns on when the I/O module
is set to Local module using the Local/Remote switch, or if
the modules control software has been disabled.
Remote (RED), which turns on when the module is in
Remote mode.
Control points (RED), which turn on when the particular
control point is enabled.
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...
Interposing Relays
...
Termination Panel
...
To Field Equipment
Each D20KI, equipped with 16 relays, can be configured to supply 16 momentary, 8 trip/close or
8 raise/lower control outputs.
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Item Description
Processor 8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock 3 MHz MPU clock
Memory 24 KB EPROM
32 KB static RAM
512 bytes EEPROM
Analog Inputs
Physical Plug-in daughter board for 16 bipolar, differential inputs
Input Adapters Refer to the Index for a list of available input adapters.
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Control Outputs
Physical 8 relays plus two Master Trip/Close relays
Output Configurations 8 T/C pairs
6 T/C + 1 R/L pairs
4 T/C + 2 R/L pairs
2 T/C + 3 R/L pairs
4 R/L pairs
8 isolated Form C contact outputs
Contact Duration Programmable 1 to 215 ms in 1 ms intervals or 1 to 215 s in 1 s
intervals (protocol dependent)
Contact Rating 60 W max, 3 A max, 220 VDC max (1 Form-C or -A contact)
Coil Status Check Every 500 s
Switches Local enable/disable switch
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating 1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 5 W typical; 11 W full load with 24 V contact
wetting
Size D20C assembly: 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
D20C analog input & analog input/output daughter boards:
8.5" x 3"
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517-0239 D20C4Z termination board with compression blocks for 48VDC status inputs, controls and
analogs.
517-0253 D20C4Z termination board with compression blocks for 110VDC status inputs, controls and
analogs.
517-0267 D20C4Z termination board with compression blocks for 220VDC status inputs, controls and
analogs.
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Item Description
Accuracy + 0.2% of nominal (minimum input 2% of nominal)
+ 1.0% 5 x nominal full scale
+ 2.0% 10 x nominal full scale
+ 3.0% 16 x nominal full scale
Burden <0.01 ohm
Thermal Overload 4 x nominal continuous
30 x nominal 10s
100 x nominal 1 s
Frequency Response 50/60 Hz filtered, 1300 Hz unfiltered
Sample Rate 64 samples per cycle
DC Analog Input One DC differential analog input
Current Input One of: + 1, + 5, + 10, + 20 mA
Input Burden > 10 M voltage input, 5 K to 250 K current input (1 to 20 mA)
Overload + 30 VDC (normal mode), 200 VDC (common mode)
Accuracy + 0.05% full scale voltage input, + 0.1% full scale current input
Resolution 12 bit plus sign (minimum)
CMRR 90 dB @ 50/60 Hz, NMRR: 60 dB @ 50/60 Hz
Dynamic Range 125% full scale
References + 90% full scale zero
Conversion Time 16.7 ms (60 Hz), 20.0 ms (50 Hz)
Temperature Coefficient + 15 ppm oC voltage input, + 30 ppm oC current input
Sample Rate 64 samples per cycle
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 40 150 VDC, 5 W typical
20 60 VDC, 8 W
WESDAC D20AC (40-150V, 511-0104) Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,
supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0104 requires a power source
between 40 and 150 VDC.
WESDAC D20AC (20-60V, 511-0106) Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,
supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0106 requires a power source
between 20 and 60 VDC.
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WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/3CT (517-0380) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/6CT (517-0381) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/9CT (517-0382) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and nine AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/3CT (517-0383) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs
and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/6CT (517-0384) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs
and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier terminal
strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/9CT (517-0385) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/3CT (517-0370) Similar to the 517-0380; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/6CT (517-0371) Similar to the 517-0381; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/9CT (517-0372) Similar to the 517-0382; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/3CT (517-0373) Similar to the 517-0383; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/6CT (517-0374) Similar to the 517-0384; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/9CT (517-0375) Similar to the 517-0385; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
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Power Supply
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Modem Specifications
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Modem Specifications
Item Description
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Item Description
2.7 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
Type Properties
RS-232 Each installed D20ME and D20ME II provides seven RS-232 serial ports. In the
D20ME II, each port can be programmed as an RS-232 or an RS-485 port
Ports operate independently, at data rates up to 38400 bps
Each RS-232 port can provide point-to-point communication between the D20/D200
and:
IED or
Serial peripheral, such as a printer or terminal
RS-485 D20ME II main processor can be jumper-configured with RS-485 ports to provide
point-to-multipoint communications to substation equipment, at distances up to 4000 ft
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Type Properties
D.20 Link Provides communications between the D20/D200 main processor and D20 I/O
peripherals
Two D.20 Links per main processor
High-speed, high-level data link (HDLC/X.25)
RS-485 serial link, half duplex, 250 kbps
Transformer-coupled/isolated for high reliability and protection from electrically noisy
environments
Manchester-encoded for increased data integrity
Dual communication channels for backup communications
Shielded LAN cable or a glass/plastic fiber optic cable
RS-485 to multi-mode fiber-optic converters are available to extend the distance range
of the D20/D200, or to improve system noise immunity
Each D.20 Link supports the following:
Ethernet D20/D200 supports communication with substation equipment through two Ethernet
ports
D20EME Ethernet Memory Expansion module provides two independent Ethernet
channels using one of the following formats:
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Using a D.20 Link, the D20 main processor can support up to 31 D20 I/O peripheral modules in
a standard configuration. Repeater/extension modules may be used to expand beyond this limit to
a maximum of 120 (D20) or 480 (D200) peripheral I/O modules.
The D20/D200 can be equipped to provide D.20 Link redundancy, as described in section 2.9.2 ,
D.20 Link Redundancy.
Example D.20
Power/ Configuration
RS485 Power/
Cables RS485 Remote I/O
D20 Optional Cables
Power/ Power Supply
Fiber Repeater
RS485
Cables
D20A Power Supply D20S
DCI or DFS
PFO or GFO Cable
(1 of 4 links, if DFS)
D20A
Legend
D20S DCI - D.20 Communications Interface
DFS - D.20 Fiber Splitter
Termination
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To interconnect D20 modules with an RS-485 serial link or a fiber optic link, certain
communications equipment is needed:
D.20 Communication Interface or D.20 Fiber Optic Splitter with a fiber optic adaptor
between the D20 main processor (or the last peripheral on an RS-485 serial link), and the
start of the fiber optic link
D.20 Communication Interface with a fiber optic adaptor at the end of the fiber optic cable to
convert back to an RS-485 link, for interconnecting remotely located D20 peripheral I/O
modules.
Cable and connectors
Power supply
D20 Communications
Interface
From D20/D200, or from To downstream
upstream I/O Peripherals I/O Peripherals
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RS-458 Repeater
.
To split out the D.20 Link F.O
F.O.
HDLC Up to four
D.20 Splitter
F.O. D.20 Links
From D20/D200, or from
upstream I/O Peripherals
F.O
.
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*Project Specific
Up to four PFO or GFO adaptors may be installed
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
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2.9 Redundancy
The D20/D200 supports the following fault-tolerant system configurations:
Single D20/D200 with single D.20 Link
Single D20/D200 with two D.20 Links
Redundant D20/D200 system with single LAN (illustrated in Figure 44)
Single D20/D200 with loop redundancy (illustrated in Figure 45)
Single D20/D200 with redundant LAN (illustrated in Figure 46)
Redundant D20/D200 system with redundant LAN
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Inter-CCU
Communications
(Watchdog)
D200 A D200 B
RS-232 Switch
RS-232
Communications
Channels
I/O Peripheral
...
I/O Peripheral
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If detected, the following hardware failures will result in a fail-over from the active to the
standby D20/D200:
Power failure
Background diagnostic error
Bus error
Watchdog timer reset
When a failure of the active D20/D200 is detected, the standby D20/D200 is switched to an
active state, at which point it will initiate data collection and control functionality. The standby
D20/D200 completes a full update of its databases at this time. The originally active D20/D200
is disabled, with no fail-back operation. The standby D20/D200 system remains in the Active
Polling state, until manually restored to its original configuration.
A switchover can be manually forced from the RS-232 Switch Panel, or through the
WESMAINT maintenance interface.
D20/D200 D20/D200
D.20 Link A D.20 Link B D.20 Link A D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 1
With D.20 Loop Redundancy, cabling is daisy-chained from D.20 Port A through all of the I/O
peripherals, then the last I/O peripheral in the chain is connected back to D.20 Port B. Normally,
the D20/D200 will communicate with the I/O peripherals alternately through D.20 Link A and
D.20 Link B. In this way, the D20/D200 is able to regularly confirm the integrity of both
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communications links with all I/O peripherals. It will know immediately if there is a problem
with the link, and can raise an alarm, if necessary.
In the case of Failure Scenario 1, the D20/D200 will still be able to communicate with the I/O
peripherals through D.20 Link B. In the case of Failure Scenario 2, the D20/D200 will
communicate with some peripherals through D.20 Link A, and others through D.20 Link B.
Full D.20 Link Redundancy can be implemented, as shown in Figure 46:
D20/D200 D20/D200
D.20 Link A D.20 Link B D.20 Link A D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 3
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3.2 LogicLinx
The LogicLinx application is a powerful tool that allows the user to program PLC-like logic
functions in the D200 environment. LogicLinx consists of an executor, running in the remote
device firmware and an editor, running in a Windows PC environment, which is used to create
the desired programs. LogicLinx is compliant with all five programming languages defined in
the IEC 61131-3 standard.
3.3 WESMAINT
WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200. It uses a series of
menus and screens displayed on a PC or VT100 terminal to create a simple interface.
WESMAINT presets a window through which field technicians and programmers can look
directly into the equipment to view collected data and system status and, for some applications,
make changes to the configuration.
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Using the WESMAINT facility, you can access standard data displays such as:
Digital inputs and outputs
Analog inputs and outputs
Transition counters
Sequence-of-event (SOE) and change-of-state (COS) data
Device status information
Error log
User log
System status
CCU (central control unit) communication status, if a redundant system is installed.
3.4 PROMAINT
Similar to WESMAINT, PROMAINT is the maintenance facility for the I/O peripheral modules.
PROMAINT combines maintenance and monitor functions. The maintenance portion is used to
view data, or to verify that the board is functioning correctly by, for example, forcing a control
point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
This monitor facility is intended for advanced users to interpret commands from the maintenance
port, such as storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent
commands once an application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
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4. Application Software
The D20/D200 can be equipped with a wide range of substation automation and enhanced
SCADA applications, some of which are summarized below:
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Other DTAs
AGA Gas Flow DTA Gas flow rate and energy flow rate calculations
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5.1 What is the difference between the D20 and the D200?
The D200, which uses the same hardware modules as those used in the D20, has a much higher
capacity than the D20. The D200s larger chassis can support up to seven vertically mounted
D20ME II processors, which, in turn, are each capable of supporting two D.20 and seven RS-
232/485 ports.
Where a D20 can support two D.20 and seven RS-232 or RS-485 ports, the D200 can be
equipped with up to:
4 D.20 ports, each supporting up to 480 I/O peripherals
49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME II Main Processor)
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IEC 60068-2-27 Shock Half sine, 5g, 11 ms, 3 Half sine, 5g, 11 ms, 3
axis axis
IEC-60068-2-29 Bump Half sine, 10g, 11 ms, Half sine, 10g, 11 ms,
1000 in 3 axis 1000 in 3 axis
IEC-60068-2-30 Damp Heat -55oC 95% RH, 6 days -55oC 95% RH, 6 days
IEC-60068-2-31 Drop and Topple TBD TBD
MIL-STD-810E Transportation TBD TBD
EN 50081-2, EMC Compliance TBD Comply
EN 50082-2
EN 55011 Radiated and Conducted TBD Class A
EMC
Emissions
EN 61000-3-2 Harmonics (230 VAC supply) Comply Comply
EN 61000-3-3 Flicker (230 VAC supply) Comply Comply
EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge TBD Level 4: 8 kV / 15 kV
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GE Energy is continually adding to the supported protocol list. Please contact GE Energy for the
latest developments.
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Power Consumption
Module (Typical Watts)
D20ME 4.00
D20S 3.00
D20A 7.00
D20K 4.00
D20K O/B Relay 0.288
D20C 5.00
D20C A/I 1.50
D20C I/O 1.50
Rack Modem 1.44
Universal Protocol Converter 0.680
48 V Status Point 0.264
24 V Status Point 0.132
130 V Status Point 0.715
For example, a D20S with 8 points on using 24V wetting has a typical power consumption of:
3.00W + 8(0.132W) = 4.056W
A D20K with 4 relays operating requires:
4.00W + 4(0.288W) = 5.152W
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Note: In the above table, N/A means that it is physically not possible to plug the processor
card into the chassis. No means that, although the card can physically be plugged in to
the chassis, but it will not function correctly.
Note: There are some constraints with the above compatibilities. For more detail, refer to the
D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (Document Number 994-0078).
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5.5.1.4 Variables
PTotal = Total Power
nx = Number of units of type x
X = Power Consumption of X module (see D. Power Consumption D20 Modules), where X = M, S,
A, K, R, C, C A/I, C I/O, COM, UPC, SP.
I = Constant Current
Vp = Peripheral Supply Voltage (24, 48, 130 V)
Vd = Voltage drop/foot
Rs = Resistive Cable Loss:(#20 AWG [0.812mm] = 0.010 ohms/ft, #22 AWG [0.644mm] = 0.016
ohms/ft)
Dmax = D.20 Link (+DC & -DC) Maximum Distance
Vt = Voltage Threshold (20 V)
5.5.1.5 Formulae
PTotal = nAA + nSS + nKK + nCC + nC A/IC A/I + nC I/OC I/O + nCOMCOM + nSPSP + nRR
I = PTotal / Vp
Vd = I x Rs
Dmax = (Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet, whichever is less
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Example:
Assume you are installing three D20A and two D20S modules on an RS-485 D.20 Link using
wire gauge #22 and a peripheral supply of 48 V. Calculate the maximum distance of the D.20
Link as follows:
PTotal = nAA + nSS
=3xA+2xS
=3x5W+2x3W
= 21 W
I = PTotal / Vp
= 21 W / 48 V
= 0.44 A
Vd = I x Rs
= 0.44 A x 0.016 ohms/ft
= 0.00704 V/ft
Dmax = MIN[(Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet]
= MIN[(48 V - 20 V) / (2 x (0.00704 V/ft)) or 1000 feet]
= MIN[1989 feet or 1000 feet]
=1000 feet
Therefore, the maximum distance that you can operate the D.20 Link would be 1000 feet.
Note: If external digital input contact wetting is supplied by station battery, omit the Power
Consumption of each Status Point factor (SP) from the Total Power (PT) equation.
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Index
6 D20/D200
68K Monitor 78 chassis............................................ 12
C communications.............................. 66
Communication Links 66 Communications Interface .............. 69
Communications Interface 69 detailed description.................ix, 5, 21
Config Pro 77 Ethernet support ....................... 15, 32
D firmware.......................................... 19
D.20 Cabling 71 hardware........................................... 6
D.20 Link 67 I/O peripherals .......................... 17, 33
D20 A 45 main processor ......................... 14, 26
analog input processing.................. 48 mechanical design .......................... 21
specifications .................................. 48 modems.................................... 17, 64
D20 AC 59 overview ........................................... 5
D20 C 40, 55 power requirements ........................ 72
specifications .................................. 56 power supplies................................ 61
D20 EME 2, 15, 32 RTU Master .................................... 12
D20 HV peripherals 3 splitters ........................................... 70
D20 K 50 system architecture........................... 6
base application.............................. 52 Data Display Panel 76
control output configurations........... 50 E
specifications .................................. 52 Ethernet support 15, 32
D20 ME 15, 26 F
firmware.......................................... 28 Fiber Optic Interfaces 76
D20 ME II 1, 15, 26 Frequently Asked Questions 82
firmware.......................................... 28 H
D20 S 40 Host Protocols
specifications .................................. 43 supported........................................ 87
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I R
I/O Peripherals RS-485 support 66, 71, 94
common code ................................. 37 S
hardware......................................... 36 Software
IED application ..............................ix, 6, 79
supported protocols ........................ 88 maintenance utilities .........ix, 5, 19, 77
Interposing Relays 54 Splitters 70
IRIG B 30 Standards
M supported........................................ 84
Modems 64 T
specifications .................................. 65 Time Synchronization 30
P U
Power calculations 95 Universal Protocol Converter 75
Power Supplies 3, 16, 61 W
PROMAINT 78 WESMAINT 77
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