You are on page 1of 65

TM HIU PHP LUT LIN QUAN N BO HIM

1. QUY NH CHUNG

Cu hi 1. Lut Kinh doanh bo him c phm vi iu chnh vi cc i


tng no? Khch hng ca cng ty bo him c thuc phm vi iu chnh
ca Lut Kinh doanh Bo him khng?
Tr li:
- Ngi tham gia bo him (Khch hng) l mt trong cc i tng c iu
chnh ca Lut KDBH.
- Lut Kinh doanh bo him c phm vi iu chnh bao gm cc t chc v hot
ng kinh doanh bo him (DNBH, DN Mi gii BH, i l bo him) v cc t
chc c nhn tham gia bo him nhm m bo quyn ngha v v li ch hp
php chnh ng ca cc i tng trn (iu 1. Lut Kinh doanh BH quy nh).

Cu hi 2. Ngi c nhu cu bo him c c mua bo him ca doanh


nghip bo him khng hot ng ti Vit Nam hay khng? DNBH cn phi
c iu kin g thc hin cam kt vi khch hng?
Tr li:
- T chc, c nhn c nhu cu bo him ch c tham gia bo him ti doanh
nghip bo him hot ng Vit Nam.
- Doanh nghip bo him phi bo m cc yu cu v ti chnh thc hin cc
cam kt ca mnh i vi bn mua bo him. (iu 6 Lut KD BH)

Nguyn tc tham gia bo him c c th trong Ngh nh 45CP ngy 27 thng 3


nm 2007 hng dn thi hnh Lut KD bo him (iu 3, Ngh nh 45 CP) nh
sau

1. T chc, c nhn mun hot ng kinh doanh bo him, kinh doanh ti


bo him, hot ng mi gii bo him ti Vit Nam phi c B Ti chnh cp
Giy php thnh lp v hot ng theo quy nh ca Lut Kinh doanh bo him.
2. T chc, c nhn c nhu cu bo him c quyn la chn doanh nghip
bo him v ch c tham gia bo him ti doanh nghip bo him c php
hot ng ti Vit Nam. Khng mt t chc, c nhn no c php can thip tri
php lut n quyn la chn doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo
him ca bn mua bo him
iu ny nhm bo v quyn li ca khch hng mua bo him bi cc doanh
nghip bo him ang hot ng ti Vit Nam c nh nc qun l cht ch, b
chi phi bi cc lut php hin hnh ca Vit Nam. Nu xy ra tranh chp, ngi
mua bo him c th a ra to Vit Nam xt x.
Cu hi 3. S hp tc v cnh tranh trong kinh doanh bo him c Lut
quy nh nh th no nhm m bo quyn li hp php ca khch hng?
Tr li: iu 10 Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh nghim cm cnh tranh bt
hp gy tn hi li ch khch hng:
"- Doanh nghip bo him, i l bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him c
hp tc v cnh tranh hp php trong kinh doanh bo him.
Nghim cm cc hnh vi sau y:
a) Thng tin, qung co sai s tht v ni dung, phm vi hot ng, iu
kin bo him lm tn hi n quyn, li ch hp php ca bn mua bo him;
b) Tranh ginh khch hng di cc hnh thc ngn cn, li ko, mua
chuc, e da nhn vin hoc khch hng ca doanh nghip bo him, i l bo
him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him khc;
c) Khuyn mi bt hp php;
d) Cc hnh vi cnh tranh bt hp php khc.

Cu hi 4. Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh v s m bo ca Nh nc


i vi hot ng kinh doanh bo him nh th no va pht trin kinh
doanh bo him va thc hin ng cam kt vi khch hng tham gia bo
him?
Tr li: S m bo ca Nh nc l c s php l thc hin quyn v ngha
v ca ngi tham gia bo him cng nh ca DNBH. iu 4 Khon 1 Lut Kinh
doanh Bo him quy nh:
"Nh nc bo h quyn, li ch hp php ca cc t chc, c nhn tham gia bo
him v cc t chc kinh doanh bo him".
Nh vy quyn v li ch hp php ca c khch hng v ca DNBH trong qu
trnh thc hin hp ng bo him u c nh nc bo h

Cu hi 5. Doanh nghip bo him c c m rng s hp tc quc t


nhng phi m bo quyn v li ch khch hng c th hin nh th no
Tr li: Hi nhp hp tc quc t v m ca th trng bo him Vit Nam l i
hi kt hp hi ha li ch pht trin nn kinh t x hi Vit Nam. iu 5, Lut
Kinh doanh Bo him c ch r:
" Nh nc thng nht qun l, c chnh sch m rng hp tc quc t trong lnh
vc kinh doanh bo him trn c s tn trng c lp, ch quyn, bnh ng, cng
c li theo hng a phng ho, a dng ho; khuyn khch cc doanh nghip
bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him nc ngoi thu ht cc nh u t
nc ngoi u t vn vo Vit Nam v ti u t li nhun thu c t hot
ng kinh doanh bo him phc v cng cuc pht trin kinh t - x hi Vit
Nam; to iu kin doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him
tng cng hp tc vi nc ngoi nhm nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh bo
him"

Ngoi ra, vic hp tc ca cc doanh nghip bo him vi cc doanh nghip bo


him nc ngoi trong hot ng nhn v nhng ti bo him s chu s kim
sot cht ch ca Chnh ph m bo quyn v li ch chnh ng ca khch
hng.

2. NHNG QUY NH I VI DOANH NGHIP BH

Cu hi 6. C th thnh lp doanh nghip bo him t nhn, cng ty bo


him TNHH hay khng? Ti sao?
Tr li: Khng, v m hnh t chc v hot ng ca DN ny khng ph hp vi
hot ng kinh doanh bo him. iu 59 Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh cc
loi hnh doanh nghip bo him bao gm:
- Doanh nghip bo him nh nc;
- Cng ty c phn bo him;
- T chc bo him tng h;
- Doanh nghip bo him lin doanh;
- Doanh nghip bo him 100% vn u t nc ngoi.
Bo him l hot ng kinh doanh c th, c nhy cm cao, c ngha v bi
thng v ti chnh ln nn m bo quyn v li ch chnh ng ca khch
hng Nh nc khng cho php thnh lp doanh nghip bo him t nhn v
doanh nghip bo him trch nhim hu hn.
Tuy nhin theo thng l quc t, mt s doanh nghip bo him lin doanh v
100% vn nc ngoi vn mang tn Cng ty TNHH bo him X

Cu hi 7. Cc DNBH c hot ng theo cc ni dung lnh vc g h tr


cho kinh doanh bo him ng thi mang li nhiu tin ch, li ch cho khch
hng?
Tr li: Cc DNBH ngoi vic hot ng kinh doanh bo him cn c cc hot
ng khc lin quan h tr n hot ng kinh doanh bo him. iu 60 Lut
Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh:
"1. Ni dung hot ng ca doanh nghip bo him bao gm:
a) Kinh doanh bo him, kinh doanh ti bo him;
b) phng, hn ch ri ro, tn tht;
c) Gim nh tn tht;
d) i l gim nh tn tht, xt gii quyt bi thng, yu cu ngi th
ba bi hon;
) Qun l qu v u t vn;
e) Cc hot ng khc theo quy nh ca php lut.
2. Doanh nghip bo him khng c php ng thi kinh doanh bo him nhn
th v bo him phi nhn th, tr trng hp doanh nghip bo him nhn th
kinh doanh nghip v bo him sc kho v bo him tai nn con ngi b tr
cho bo him nhn th."

Ngoi kinh doanh bo him, kinh doanh ti bo him, nhng ni dung hot ng
ca doanh nghip bo him nhm h tr cho hot ng kinh doanh bo him tt
hn, gii quyt bi thng kp thi y cng nh u t vn nhn ri t qu
bo him gp phn sinh li tr thm bo tc cho khch hng.

Cu hi 8. m bo li ch khch hng vic thnh lp DNBH cn c nhng


iu kin g th hin nng lc kinh doanh BH mi c cp giy php hot
ng?
Tr li: iu 63 Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh:
"1. C s vn iu l gp khng thp hn mc vn php nh theo quy
nh ca Chnh ph;
2. C h s xin cp giy php thnh lp v hot ng theo quy nh ti
iu 64 ca Lut ny;
3. C loi hnh doanh nghip v iu l ph hp vi quy nh ca Lut ny
v cc quy nh khc ca php lut;
4. Ngi qun tr, ngi iu hnh c nng lc qun l, chuyn mn,
nghip v v bo him.
Nhng iu kin trn m bo cho cc doanh nghip bo him c cp
php hot ng ti Vit Nam c y nng lc thc hin cc cam kt bo him
cho khch hng.
iu 6 Ngh nh 45 cng quy nh:
1. T chc, c nhn Vit Nam, t chc, c nhn nc ngoi gp vn thnh
lp doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi p ng cc
iu kin sau:

a) Khng thuc cc i tng b cm theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu 13 ca


Lut Doanh nghip;

b) Cc iu kin theo quy nh ti iu 63 ca Lut Kinh doanh bo him.


2. Doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi u t thnh lp doanh nghip bo
him 100% vn u t nc ngoi, doanh nghip bo him lin doanh gia doanh
nghip bo him nc ngoi vi doanh nghip Vit Nam phi p ng cc iu
kin sau:
a) Doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi c c quan c thm quyn ca
nc ngoi cho php hot ng kinh doanh bo him trong lnh vc d kin tin
hnh ti Vit Nam;

b) Doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi ang hot ng hp php t nht 10


nm theo quy nh ca nc ni doanh nghip ng tr s chnh tnh ti thi
im np h s xin cp Giy php;

c) Doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi c tng ti sn ti thiu tng ng


2 t la M vo nm trc nm np h s xin cp Giy php;

d) Doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi khng vi phm nghim trng cc quy


nh v hot ng kinh doanh bo him v cc quy nh php lut khc ca nc
ni doanh nghip ng tr s chnh trong vng 3 nm lin k nm np h s xin
cp Giy php.....
Nh vy, iu kin v vn php nh, tim nng ti chnh, kinh nghim kinh doanh
bo him, nng lc qun l iu hnh l nhng iu kin tin quyt nhm m bo
rng nu c thnh lp doanh nghip bo him pht trin tt v lun m bo
quyn v li ch khch hng.

Cu hi 9. C quan no c thm quyn v chu trch nhim trc Nh nc


v khch hng v vic cp giy php thnh lp DNBH?
Tr li: iu 62 Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh Thm quyn cp giy php
thnh lp v hot ng:
"1. B Ti chnh cp giy php thnh lp v hot ng cho doanh nghip
bo him theo quy nh ca Lut ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin
quan.
2. Vic cp giy php thnh lp v hot ng cho doanh nghip bo him
phi ph hp vi quy hoch, k hoch nh hng pht trin th trng bo him,
th trng ti chnh ca Vit Nam."

Cu hi 10. Trong qu trnh hot ng DNBH c mt s thay i. Nhng thay


i no cn trnh c quan qun l c chp thun nhm m bo v duy
tr c quyn v li ch khch hng?
Tr li: iu 69 Lut Kinh doanh Bo him quy nh:
"1. Doanh nghip bo him phi c B Ti chnh chp thun bng vn bn khi
thay i mt trong nhng ni dung sau y:
a) Tn doanh nghip;
b) Vn iu l;
c) M hoc chm dt hot ng ca chi nhnh, vn phng i din;
d) a im t tr s chnh, chi nhnh, vn phng i din;
) Ni dung, phm vi v thi hn hot ng;
e) Chuyn nhng c phn, phn vn gp chim 10% s vn iu l tr ln;
g) Ch tch Hi ng qun tr, Tng gim c (Gim c);
h) Chia, tch, sp nhp, hp nht, gii th, chuyn i hnh thc doanh
nghip.
2. Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy B Ti chnh chp thun vic thay i theo
quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny, doanh nghip bo him phi cng b cc ni dung
thay i c chp thun theo quy nh ca php lut".
Nhng thay i trn nu nh hng n quyn li ca ngi tham gia bo
him hoc doanh nghip bo him khc tt nhin s khng c B Ti chnh
chp thun.

Cu hi 11. DNBH mun m Chi nhnh, VPD phi p ng iu kin


g? Ti sao phi c iu kin ny?
Tr li: iu 11 N 45 quy nh:

1. Doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him mun m Chi


nhnh, Vn phng i din phi p ng cc iu kin sau:

a) Vn iu l thc c phi m bo theo quy nh ca B Ti chnh;

b) B my qun tr, iu hnh v h thng kim tra, kim sot ni b hot


ng c hiu qu;

c) Khng vi phm nghim trng cc quy nh ca php lut trong 3 nm lin


tc ngay trc nm np h s. Doanh nghip bo him khng vi phm quy nh v
kh nng thanh ton;

d) C Quy ch t chc v hot ng ca Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din;

) Ngi iu hnh Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din c kinh nghim v kin


thc chuyn mn v hot ng kinh doanh bo him v khng thuc cc i tng
b cm theo quy nh ca php lut;

e) C h s xin m Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din theo quy nh ti khon 2


iu ny.
Nhng iu kin trn m bo tin cn thit cho Chi nhnh, VPD c th
hot ng, phc v khch hng v m bo quyn, li ch cho khch hng tt hn.

Cu hi 12. m bo rng vic m Chi nhnh, VPD ca DNBH hng


ti phc v khch hng v bo v quyn, li ch khch hng tt hn th h s
xin m Chi nhnh, VPD c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
iu 11 Ngh nh 45 quy nh

H s xin m Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din bao gm:

a) n xin m Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din c ch k ca ngi i din c


thm quyn ca doanh nghip, trong trnh by tm tt s cn thit, tn gi, a
im, ni dung, phm vi hot ng ca Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din;

b) Phng n hot ng 3 nm u ca Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din


trong nu r nhu cu khch hng; d bo th trng; ni dung, phm vi hot
ng, cc sn phm bo him d kin kinh doanh; d kin kt qu kinh doanh; t
chc b my, nhn s; a im t Chi nhnh, Vn phng i din v c s vt
cht k thut;

c) Giy t hp l chng minh doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi


gii bo him p ng cc iu kin quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

3. Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy nhn c y h s hp l, B Ti


chnh phi tr li bng vn bn v vic chp thun hoc t chi chp thun.
Trong trng hp t chi chp thun, B Ti chnh phi c vn bn gii thch l
do.
B Ti chnh l ngi thm nh tnh chnh xc ng n ca h s trn
cp php thnh lp thm Chi nhnh, VPD cho doanh nghip bo him.

Cu hi 13. Ngi ng u DNBH cn t tiu chun g? Ti sao phi ra


tiu chun ny
Tr li: Hot ng kinh doanh bo him i hi ngi qun l iu hnh DNBH
phi c kh nng trnh qun l tt. Theo iu 13 Ngh nh 45 quy nh:
1. Ch tch Hi ng qun tr, Tng gim c (Gim c) ca doanh nghip
bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi l ngi c trnh chuyn mn,
nng lc qun tr, iu hnh doanh nghip theo hng dn ca B Ti chnh. Tng
gim c (Gim c) doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi
c tr ti Vit Nam trong thi gian ng nhim.
2. Vic b nhim, thay i Ch tch Hi ng qun tr, Tng gim c (Gim
c) ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi c s chp
thun ca B Ti chnh.
3. Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy nhn c n ngh v h s hp l
ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him, B Ti chnh phi
Tr li doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him v vic chp thun
hoc t chi chp thun. Trong trng hp t chi chp thun, B Ti chnh phi
c vn bn gii thch l do.

4. B Ti chnh quy nh tiu chun v iu kin i vi cc chc danh qun l


khc trong doanh nghip bo him.
Quy nh v nng lc chuyn mn v nng lc v qun l iu hnh ca
ngi ng u doanh nghip bo him nhm m bo duy tr pht trin doanh
nghip bo him m h c giao quyn lnh o t m bo quyn v li ch
khch hng.

3. NHNG QUY NH V TI CHNH I VI DNBH

Cu hi 14. iu kin v vn php nh quy nh nh th no doanh


nghip bo him va nng cao nng lc kinh doanh va m bo cam kt vi
khch hng?
Tr li:
Vn php nh ca DNBH phi ln c th tng cng kh nng thanh ton
cho DNBH v l iu kin DNBH pht trin cng ngh thng tin trong qun l
hp ng bo him, ri ro bo him v u t.
Theo iu 94 Lut Kinh doanh bo him quy nh:
"1. Chnh ph quy nh mc vn php nh ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh
nghip mi gii bo him.
2. Trong qu trnh hot ng, doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo
him phi lun duy tr vn iu l gp khng thp hn mc vn php nh."
Mc vn php nh c quy nh ti iu 4 v iu 5 N 46 nh sau
iu 4 Vn php nh:
1. Mc vn php nh ca doanh nghip bo him:
a) Kinh doanh bo him phi nhn th: 300.000.000.000 ng Vit Nam;
b) Kinh doanh bo him nhn th: 600.000.000.000 ng Vit Nam.
2. Mc vn php nh ca doanh nghip mi gii bo him: 4.000.000.000
ng Vit Nam.
iu 5 Vn iu l
1. Vn iu l ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo
him l s vn do cc thnh vin, c ng gp hoc cam kt gp trong mt thi
hn nht nh v c ghi vo iu l doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi
gii bo him.
2. Trong qu trnh hot ng, doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi
gii bo him phi lun duy tr mc vn iu l gp khng thp hn mc vn
php nh c quy nh ti iu 4 Ngh nh ny v phi c b sung tng
xng vi ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot ng kinh doanh ca doanh nghip.
B Ti chnh quy nh c th mc vn iu l b sung.
3. Trng hp thay i vn iu l, doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip
mi gii bo him phi c n ngh v vn bn gii trnh gi B Ti chnh.
Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy nhn c n ngh v h s hp l, B Ti
chnh phi tr li bng vn bn v vic chp thun hoc t chi chp thun.
Trng hp t chi chp thun, B Ti chnh phi c vn bn gii thch l do.
4. Doanh nghip bo him c thnh lp, t chc v hot ng trc ngy
Ngh nh ny c hiu lc, c s vn iu l thp hn mc vn php nh quy nh
ti iu 4 Ngh nh ny th trong thi hn 3 nm, k t ngy Ngh nh ny c
hiu lc, doanh nghip bo him phi b sung vn iu l theo quy nh.
Vn php nh nhm u t c s vt cht k thut trong c h thng cng
ngh thng tin phc v kinh doanh bo him, phc v khch hng v l mt ngun
ti chnh duy tr kh nng thanh ton cho cc hp ng bo him cam kt vi
khch hng.

Cu hi 15. Quy nh v cc DNBH u phi k qu m bo dng tin k


qu thanh ton bi thng cho khch hng trong tnh hung xu nht c th
xy ra th hin nh th no?
Tr li:
ng vy, k qu l ngha v bt buc ca cc DNBH m bo kh nng thanh
ton trong tnh hung xu nht. iu 95 Lut KD Bo him quy nh
"1. Doanh nghip bo him phi s dng mt phn vn iu l k qu ti mt
ngn hng thng mi hot ng ti Vit Nam.
2. Chnh ph quy nh mc tin k qu v cch thc s dng tin k qu."
iu 6 N 46 quy nh chi tit v k qu ca cc DNBH nh sau:
1. Trong thi hn 60 ngy, k t ngy c cp giy php thnh lp v
hot ng, doanh nghip bo him phi s dng mt phn vn iu l gp
k qu ti mt ngn hng thng mi hot ng ti Vit Nam. Tin k qu c
hng li theo tho thun vi ngn hng ni k qu.

2. Mc tin k qu ca doanh nghip bo him bng 2% vn php nh c


quy nh ti khon 1 iu 4 Ngh nh ny.

3. Doanh nghip bo him ch c s dng tin k qu p ng cc cam


kt i vi bn mua bo him khi kh nng thanh ton b thiu ht v phi c
B Ti chnh chp thun bng vn bn. Trong thi hn 90 ngy, k t ngy s
dng tin k qu, doanh nghip bo him c trch nhim b sung tin k qu
s dng.

4. Doanh nghip bo him c rt ton b tin k qu khi chm dt hot


ng.

5. Doanh nghip bo him c thnh lp, t chc v hot ng trc ngy


Ngh nh ny c hiu lc, c s tin k qu thp hn s tin k qu quy nh ti
khon 2 iu ny th trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy Ngh nh ny c hiu
lc, doanh nghip bo him phi b sung s tin k qu theo quy nh.
Vi s vn php nh quy nh nh hin nay l 300 t ng, s tin k qu
ca cc doanh nghip bo him phi nhn th l 6 t ng nhm b sung khi kh
nng thanh ton tc thi ca doanh nghip bo him thiu ht, m bo bi
thng kp thi cho khch hng.

Cu hi 16. Quy nh v cc DNBH phi lp qu d tr trong c qu d


tr bt buc m bo kh nng thanh ton tin bi thng v b sung vn
iu l nh th no? C lin quan n quyn li khch hng khng?
Tr li:
Qu d tr bt buc trch lp t li nhun sau thu lm tng kh nng ti chnh
ca DNBH, l mt trong nhng tiu ch nh gi tim nng ti chnh ca DNBH.
iu 47 Lut KD BH quy nh:
"1. Doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi lp qu d tr
bt buc b sung vn iu l v bo m kh nng thanh ton. Qu d tr bt
buc c trch hng nm theo t l 5% li nhun sau thu. Mc ti a ca qu
ny do Chnh ph quy nh.
2. Ngoi qu d tr bt buc quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny, doanh nghip bo
him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him c th lp cc qu d tr khc t li nhun
sau thu ca nm ti chnh theo quy nh trong iu l ca doanh nghip bo
him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him."
iu 6 Ngh nh 46 cng quy nh chi tit thm:
1. Trong thi hn 60 ngy, k t ngy c cp giy php thnh lp v
hot ng, doanh nghip bo him phi s dng mt phn vn iu l gp
k qu ti mt ngn hng thng mi hot ng ti Vit Nam. Tin k qu c
hng li theo tho thun vi ngn hng ni k qu.

2. Mc tin k qu ca doanh nghip bo him bng 2% vn php nh c


quy nh ti khon 1 iu 4 Ngh nh ny.

3. Doanh nghip bo him ch c s dng tin k qu p ng cc cam


kt i vi bn mua bo him khi kh nng thanh ton b thiu ht v phi c
B Ti chnh chp thun bng vn bn. Trong thi hn 90 ngy, k t ngy s
dng tin k qu, doanh nghip bo him c trch nhim b sung tin k qu
s dng.

4. Doanh nghip bo him c rt ton b tin k qu khi chm dt hot


ng.

5. Doanh nghip bo him c thnh lp, t chc v hot ng trc ngy


Ngh nh ny c hiu lc, c s tin k qu thp hn s tin k qu quy nh ti
khon 2 iu ny th trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy Ngh nh ny c hiu
lc, doanh nghip bo him phi b sung s tin k qu theo quy nh.
iu 30 N 46 quy nh chi tit ch khi trch lp xong qu d tr bt buc, DNBH
mi c quyn phn phi li nhun.
Sau khi np thu thu nhp doanh nghip theo lut nh, trch lp qu d tr bt
buc, doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him c phn phi
li nhun cn li theo quy nh ca php lut
Li nhun sau thu doanh nghip bo him khng c em chia cho c ng
ngay m phi trch 5% lp qu d tr bt buc lm tng vn ch s hu, tng kh
nng ti chnh m bo cho vic bi thng cho khch hng.

Cu hi 17. Doanh nghip bo him phi hnh thnh qu sn sng chi tr cho
khch hng tham gia bo him. Trong trng hp cn thit c quy nh
nh th no?
Tr li:
Qu d phng nghip v bo him phc v cho vic sn sng chi tr cho nhng
ngha v thanh ton tin bo him hay bi thng cam kt vi khch hng khi
ri ro hoc s kin bo him xy ra. iu 96 Lut KDBH quy nh:
"1. D phng nghip v l khon tin m doanh nghip bo him phi trch lp
nhm mc ch thanh ton cho nhng trch nhim bo him c xc nh
trc v pht sinh t cc hp ng bo him giao kt.

2. D phng nghip v phi c trch lp ring cho tng nghip v bo him v


phi tng ng vi phn trch nhim ca doanh nghip bo him.

3. B Ti chnh quy nh c th v mc trch lp, phng php trch lp d phng


nghip v i vi tng nghip v bo him."

iu 8 N 46 quy nh chi tit v trch lp d phng nghip v Phi nhn th:

1. Doanh nghip kinh doanh bo him phi nhn th phi trch lp d


phng nghip v theo tng nghip v bo him i vi phn trch nhim gi li
ca doanh nghip.

2. D phng nghip v bao gm:

a) D phng ph cha c hng, c s dng bi thng cho trch


nhim s pht sinh trong thi gian cn hiu lc ca hp ng bo him trong nm
tip theo;

b) D phng bi thng cho khiu ni cha gii quyt, c s dng bi


thng cho cc tn tht pht sinh thuc trch nhim bo him cha khiu ni
hoc khiu ni nhng n cui nm ti chnh cha c gii quyt;

c) D phng bi thng cho cc dao ng ln v tn tht, c s dng


bi thng khi c dao ng ln v tn tht hoc tn tht ln xy ra m tng ph bo
him gi li trong nm ti chnh sau khi trch lp d phng ph cha c
hng v d phng bi thng cho khiu ni cha gii quyt khng chi tr
tin bi thng i vi phn trch nhim gi li ca doanh nghip bo him.

Nh vy doanh thu bo him (ph bo him) tr i chi ph bi thng trong 1 nm


cha phi li ca doanh nghip bo him. Cc doanh nghip bo him cn phi
trch lp qu d phng nghip v bao gm ph cha c hng, yu cu bi
thng ca khch hng ang trong thi gian gii quyt, bi thng cho giao ng
ln c th xy ra vo nhng nm sau. y l ngun sn sng chi bi thng cho
nhng nm t xut c xy ra nhng tn tht rt ln.
Cu hi 18. Vn nhn ri ca DNBH bao gm vn ch s hu v d phng
nghip v c th u t vo nn kinh t sinh li c quy nh nh th
no?

Tr li:
V c bn, vn ch s hu v d phng nghip v ca DNBH c thi gian tm
thi nhn ri nht nh. s dng hiu qu ngun vn ny, DNBH c th u t
sinh li. iu 98 Lut KD BH quy nh:

"1. Vic u t vn ca doanh nghip bo him phi bo m an ton, hiu qu


v p ng c yu cu chi tr thng xuyn cho cc cam kt theo hp ng bo
him.

2. Doanh nghip bo him ch c s dng vn nhn ri ca mnh u t


Vit Nam trong cc lnh vc sau y:

a) Mua tri phiu Chnh ph;

b) Mua c phiu, tri phiu doanh nghip;

c) Kinh doanh bt ng sn;

d) Gp vn vo cc doanh nghip khc;

) Cho vay theo quy nh ca Lut cc t chc tn dng;

e) Gi tin ti cc t chc tn dng.

Chnh ph quy nh c th danh mc u t thuc cc lnh vc quy nh ti khon


2 iu ny v t l vn nhn ri c php u t vo mi danh mc u t nhm
bo m cho doanh nghip bo him lun duy tr c kh nng thanh ton.

iu 11 N 46 quy nh chi tit cc ngun vn m DNBH c th u t nh sau:


Ngun vn u t ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him
bao gm:

1. Ngun vn ch s hu.

2. Ngun vn nhn ri t d phng nghip v bo him.

3. Cc ngun hp php khc theo quy nh ca php lut


c im ca Qu bo him (thu t ph bo him) s tin cha phi bi thng
ngay s c mt thi gian tm thi nhn ri nht nh nn khng th lng ph m
phi u t sinh li. Li nhun t u t s gnh vc mt phn chi ph ca
doanh nghip bo him lm gim mc ng gp ca ngi tham gia bo him
hoc lm tng thm cc dch v mi cung cp cho khch hng.

Cu hi 19. DNBH c dng qu d phng nghip v u t sinh li


c quy nh nh th no nhm m bo quyn li tt hn cho khch
hng ?
Tr li :
a dng ha danh mc u t lm dn tri ri ro trong u t, m bo u t an
ton hiu qu. iu 13 N 46 quy nh :

u t vn nhn ri t d phng nghip v bo him ca doanh nghip


bo him quy nh ti khon 1 iu 13 Ngh nh ny c thc hin trc tip bi
doanh nghip bo him hoc thng qua u thc u t v ch c u t ti Vit
Nam trong cc lnh vc sau:

1. i vi doanh nghip kinh doanh bo him phi nhn th:

a) Mua tri phiu Chnh ph, tri phiu doanh nghip c bo lnh, gi tin
ti cc t chc tn dng khng hn ch;
b) Mua c phiu, tri phiu doanh nghip khng c bo lnh, gp vn vo
cc doanh nghip khc ti a 35% vn nhn ri t d phng nghip v bo him;
c) Kinh doanh bt ng sn, cho vay ti a 20% vn nhn ri t d phng
nghip v bo him.
Trong u t an ton v sinh li cao gn nh i lp nhau. V vy phi quy
nh c th t l u t vo tng lnh vc trnh ri ro mo him mt vn mt
qu d phng nghip v thc hin cam kt vi khch hng.

Cu hi 20. Kh nng thanh ton sn sng p ng nhu cu tr tin, bi


thng cho ri ro s c bt ng xy ra i vi khch hng ca doanh nghip
bo him c kim sot nh th no?
Tr li :
Kh nng thanh ton l ch tiu quan trng nht nh gi DNBH c kh nng
thanh ton tin chi tr hoc bi thng kp thi y cho nhng ri ro s kin
xy ra ngay sau hay khng?
iu 15 N 46 quy nh :
1. Doanh nghip bo him phi lun duy tr kh nng thanh ton trong sut qu
trnh hot ng kinh doanh bo him.
2. Doanh nghip bo him c coi l c kh nng thanh ton khi trch lp
y d phng nghip v bo him v c bin kh nng thanh ton khng thp
hn bin kh nng thanh ton ti thiu quy nh.
Khi doanh nghip bo him khng duy tr c kh nng thanh ton th
phi trnh B Ti chnh phng n khc phc, thi gian khc phc v B Ti chnh
s gim st thc hin nhm m bo quyn v li ch khch hng.

Cu hi 21. Bin kh nng thanh ton ti thiu ca DNBH l mt yu t quan


trng nh gi kh nng thanh ton tc thi cho ri ro tn tht xy ra i vi
khch hng ca DNBH c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li :
Bin kh nng thanh ton ti thiu cho bit DNBH c qu c trch lp theo
quy nh sn sng chi tr tc thi cho khch hng khi ri ro, s kin bo him
xy ra.
iu 16 N 46 Quy nh :
1. Bin kh nng thanh ton ti thiu ca doanh nghip kinh doanh bo
him phi nhn th l s ln hn ca mt trong hai kt qu tnh ton sau:
a) 25% tng ph bo him thc gi li ti thi im tnh bin kh nng thanh
ton;
b) 12,5% ca tng ph bo him gc v ph nhn ti bo him ti thi im
tnh bin kh nng thanh ton.
Doanh nghip bo him c doanh thu cng cao th c bin kh nng thanh
ton ti thiu cng ln, ngha v sn sng chi tr tc thi cho khch hng khi ri ro
tn tht xy ra cng nhiu.

Cu hi 22. Quy nh v nh gi c kh nng p ng nhu cu bi


thng cho khch hng ca doanh nghip bo him?
Tr li:
C, trong chuyn mn ca bo him l ch tiu Bin kh nng thanh ton ni
chung. Bin kh nng thanh ton l ch tiu so snh gia vn ch s hu thc s
tham gia vo kinh doanh bo him ca DNBH so vi mc trch nhim (s tin bo
him) m DNBH phi gnh chu khi thc hin cam kt vi khch hng. iu 17
Ngh nh 46 quy nh :

Bin kh nng thanh ton ca doanh nghip bo him l phn chnh lch gia
gi tr ti sn v cc khon n phi tr ca doanh nghip bo him ti thi im
tnh bin kh nng thanh ton. Cc ti sn tnh bin kh nng thanh ton ca
doanh nghip bo him phi bo m tnh thanh khon. Cc ti sn b loi tr
ton b hoc mt phn khi tnh bin kh nng thanh ton ca doanh nghip bo
him thc hin theo hng dn ca B Ti chnh.
B Ti chnh l c quan gim st ch tiu trn m bo rng trong sut
thi gian hot ng doanh nghip bo him lun c bin kh nng thanh ton tt
tng xng vi trch nhim bo him m doanh nghip bo him cam kt sn
sng bi thng cho khch hng.

Cu hi 23. Khch hng c bo v quyn v li ch chnh ng nh th no


khi DNBH trong tnh trng no c coi l c nguy c mt kh nng thanh
ton v cc bin php khc phc tnh trng ny?
Tr li:
Mt kh nng thanh ton s lm nh hng n quyn li ca khch hng, l
chi tr khng y hoc khng kp thi khi ri ro tn tht hoc s kin bo him
xy ra. V vy, Nh nc phi gim st v c bin php x l kp thi. iu 18 N
46 quy nh:

Doanh nghip bo him b coi l c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton khi bin
kh nng thanh ton ca doanh nghip bo him thp hn bin kh nng thanh
ton ti thiu.
iu 19 N 46 quy nh:

1. Khi c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton, doanh nghip bo him phi ch


ng thc hin ngay cc bin php t khi phc kh nng thanh ton ng thi bo
co B Ti chnh v thc trng ti chnh, nguyn nhn dn n nguy c mt kh
nng thanh ton v phng n khi phc kh nng thanh ton.

2. Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him khng t khi phc c kh


nng thanh ton th B Ti chnh c quyn yu cu doanh nghip bo him thc
hin khi phc kh nng thanh ton, gm nhng bin php sau:

a) B sung ngun vn ch s hu;

b) Ti bo him; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot ng; nh ch


mt phn hoc ton b hot ng;

c) Cng c t chc b my v thay i ngi qun tr, iu hnh ca doanh


nghip;

d) Yu cu chuyn giao hp ng bo him;

) Cc bin php khc.


3. Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him khng khi phc c kh nng
thanh ton theo yu cu ca B Ti chnh quy nh ti khon 2 iu ny, doanh
nghip bo him b t vo tnh trng kim sot c bit. B Ti chnh quyt nh
thnh lp Ban Kim sot kh nng thanh ton p dng cc bin php khi
phc kh nng thanh ton theo quy nh ti iu 80 Lut Kinh doanh bo him.
Nh vy, trong tnh hung xu nht, Nh nc s yu cu doanh nghip bo
him c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton buc phi chuyn giao hp ng bo
him cho doanh nghip bo him khc duy tr quyn v li ch ca khch hng.

Cu hi 24. Vic thu chi ti chnh ca DNBH chu s hng dn, gim st,
kim tra nh th no khch hng c th tin tng c cc khon thu v
chi ca doanh nghip bo him l hp l hp l?
Tr li:
iu 99 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Thu, chi ti chnh ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo
him c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut.
2. B Ti chnh hng dn, kim tra vic thc hin ch ti chnh i vi cc
doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him.
Nh vy, thu chi ti chnh ca doanh nghip bo him chu s kim tra
gim st ca cc c quan qun l Nh nc nh cc doanh nghip khc (c quan
thu, thanh tra, kim ton). Ngoi ra, B Ti chnh l ngi hng dn, kim tra
trc tip vi doanh nghip bo him.

Cu hi 25. Ch k ton, kim ton, bo co ti chnh ca DNBH c quy


nh nh th no v ngi tham gia bo him ca doanh nghip bo him c
c bit bo co ti chnh ca doanh nghip bo him khng?
Tr li:
Cng nh cc doanh nghip hot ng trong cc ngnh khc, DNBH phi thc
hin ch k ton, kim ton, bo co ti chnh cho cc c quan qun l nh
nc theo lut nh. iu 32 N 46 quy nh:

1. Doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him c trch nhim


lp v gi cc bo co ti chnh, bo co thng k, bo co nghip v nh k, t
xut theo quy nh ca php lut hin hnh v hng dn ca B Ti chnh.

2. Bo co ti chnh hng nm ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip


mi gii bo him phi c t chc kim ton c lp hot ng hp php ti
Vit Nam kim ton v xc nhn cc vn ti chnh trng yu quy nh ti Ngh
nh ny trc khi np B Ti chnh.
iu 37 N 46 quy nh r hn v thi hn phi cng khai bo co ti chnh:

1. Doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi cng b


cng khai bo co ti chnh theo quy nh ca php lut.

2. Thng tin cng b cng khai phi ph hp vi bo co ti chnh ca


doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him c t chc kim
ton c lp kim ton v xc nhn.
Nh vy khch hng c th bit c thng tin v bo co ti chnh ca
doanh nghip bo him trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng qua vic quy nh
v cng khai thng tin ca doanh nghip bo him. Ngoi ra hng nm B Ti
chnh c pht hnh cun nin gim cung cp thng tin ca cc doanh nghip bo
him, th trng bo him Vit Nam v vn iu l, vn ch s hu, d phng
nghip v, doanh thu, bi thng, u t cho cng chng v c quan hu quan
nm c.

4. NHNG QUY NH V SN PHM BO HIM

Cu hi 26. Ti sao khch hng phi mua bo him i vi mt s loi bo


him bt buc v Bo him bt buc c p dng trong trng hp no?
Tr li
iu 8 Lut KD BH quy nh:
1. Bo him bt buc l loi bo him do php lut quy nh v iu kin bo
him, mc ph bo him, s tin bo him ti thiu m t chc, c nhn tham gia
bo him v doanh nghip bo him c ngha v thc hin.
Bo him bt buc ch p dng i vi mt s loi bo him nhm mc ch bo
v li ch cng cng v an ton x hi.
2. Bo him bt buc bao gm:
a) Bo him trch nhim dn s ca ch xe c gii, bo him trch nhim dn s
ca ngi vn chuyn hng khng i vi hnh khch;
b) Bo him trch nhim ngh nghip i vi hot ng t vn php lut;
c) Bo him trch nhim ngh nghip ca doanh nghip mi gii bo him;
d) Bo him chy, n.
3. Cn c vo nhu cu pht trin kinh t - x hi tng thi k, Chnh ph trnh y
ban thng v Quc hi quy nh loi bo him bt buc khc.
iu 5 N 45 quy nh:
1. Doanh nghip bo him c kinh doanh bo him bt buc khng c
t chi bn bo him bt buc.

2. T chc, c nhn thuc i tng thc hin bo him bt buc c ngha


v tham gia bo him bt buc.
Vic mua bo him bt buc c quy nh theo php lut hin hnh, l cng
dn chung ta phi nghim chnh chp hnh php lut. ng thi mua bo him bt
buc chng ta gp phn bo v li ch cng cng v an ton x hi.

Cu hi 27. ngh cho bit bo him Phi nhn th bao gm cc loi nghip
v g?
Tr li:
Bo him c rt nhiu sn phm khc nhau, c phn chia thnh 11 nhm nghip
v chnh.
iu 7 Lut KDBH quy nh cc loi nghip v bo him phi nhn th

a) Bo him sc kho v bo him tai nn con ngi;


b) Bo him ti sn v bo him thit hi;
c) Bo him hng ho vn chuyn ng b, ng bin, ng sng, ng st
v ng khng;
d) Bo him hng khng;
) Bo him xe c gii;
e) Bo him chy, n;
g) Bo him thn tu v trch nhim dn s ca ch tu;
h) Bo him trch nhim chung;
i) Bo him tn dng v ri ro ti chnh;
k) Bo him thit hi kinh doanh;
l) Bo him nng nghip;
m) Cc nghip v bo him phi nhn th khc do Chnh ph quy nh.

Cu hi 28. Doanh nghip bo him c c php t do a sn phm bo


him ca mnh bn cho khch hng c khng v Sn phm bo him ca
DNBH trc khi bn ra th trng cn iu kin g?
Tr li:
Cc sn phm bo him trc khi bn ra th trng u c B Ti chnh kim
duyt 3 mc khc nhau.
- Mc cao nht l B Ti chnh ban hnh sn phm bo him bt buc;
- Mc th hai, B Ti chnh ph duyt sn phm bo him do DNBH trnh;
- Mc th ba, DNBH ng k vi B Ti chnh sn phm ca mnh;
Theo quy nh ti iu 4 N 45:

3. Cc doanh nghip bo him ch c kinh doanh cc loi sn phm bo


him thuc cc nghip v bo him quy nh trong Giy php thnh lp v hot
ng v phi p ng cc iu kin v nng lc ti chnh, trnh chuyn mn
ca i ng cn b nghip v theo hng dn ca B Ti chnh.
Quy nh nh trn v sn phm bo him l mt c th, l li cam kt ca
doanh nghip bo him a ra khch hng chp thun nn cn c s kim sot
gim st ca B Ti chnh quy tc iu khon, mu n t hp ng bo him
c a ra r rng minh bch v hng ti mc tiu phc v khch hng, thc
hin ng cam kt a ra.

Cu hi 29. Loi sn phm bo him no cn c B Ti chnh ph chun


trc khi bn ra th trng kim sot sn phm, to ra s tin tng vi
khch hng trnh dng nhng cu ch kh hiu la di khch hng?
Tr li:
Cc loi sn phm bo him Nhn th v bo him mang tnh sc khe con ngi
cn c BTC ph duyt trc khi bn ra th trng. iu 20 N 45 quy nh:
2. i vi cc sn phm bo him sc khe v bo him tai nn con ngi
b tr cho bo him nhn th, doanh nghip bo him nhn th phi tun th quy
tc, iu khon, biu ph bo him c B Ti chnh ph chun.
Nhng sn phm bo him lin quan trc tip n sc kho, tai nn, bo him
nhn th c nhng c th trong vic tnh ph bo him v tnh li, ng thi lin
quan n cng ng x hi nht l i tng a dng mi tng lp, i tng,
tui tham gia bo him nn cn c qun l cht ch.
Thng l cc DNBH c bui gii trnh v bo v sn phm bo him c
B Ti chnh ph duyt. y l s kim sot trc rt cn thit m bo quyn,
li ch cho khch hng v vy c th khng nh cc sn phm c B Ti
chnh ph duyt th khng th dng cu ch la di khch hng.

Cu hi 30. Vic ban hnh quy tc iu khon bo him ca doanh nghip


bo him c quy nh nh th no khng gy phc tp kh hiu cho
khch hng?
Tr li:
Cc sn phm bo him l cc sn phm c th mang tnh tru tng cao v bn
cht l rt phc tp ngay i vi nhng ngi hot ng trong lnh vc kinh doanh
bo him. V vy, cn thit phi c nhng quy nh c th i vi nhng quy tc
iu khon biu ph do doanh nghip bo him a ra bo v ngi c bo
him, khch hng l iu cn thit. iu 20 Ngh nh 45 quy nh chi tit v vn
ny nh sau:

1. B Ti chnh ban hnh cc quy tc, iu khon bo him, mc ph bo


him, s tin bo him ti thiu i vi tng loi hnh bo him bt buc.

2. i vi cc sn phm thuc nghip v bo him nhn th; bo him sc


kho v bo him tai nn con ngi b tr cho bo him nhn th, doanh nghip
bo him nhn th phi tun th quy tc, iu khon, biu ph bo him c B
Ti chnh ph chun.

3. i vi cc sn phm bo him thuc nghip v bo him phi nhn th,


doanh nghip bo him phi nhn th c php ch ng xy dng v trin khai
quy tc, iu khon v biu ph bo him.

4. Quy tc, iu khon, biu ph do doanh nghip bo him xy dng phi


m bo:

a) Tun th php lut; ph hp vi thng l, chun mc o c, vn ho v


phong tc, tp qun ca Vit Nam;

b) Ngn ng s dng trong quy tc, iu khon bo him phi chnh xc,
cch din t n gin, d hiu. i vi thut ng chuyn mn cn xc nh r
ni dung, th phi nh ngha r trong quy tc, iu khon bo him;

c) Th hin r rng, minh bch quyn li c th c bo him, i tng


bo him, phm vi v cc ri ro c bo him, quyn li v ngha v ca bn
mua bo him v ngi c bo him, trch nhim ca doanh nghip bo him,
iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him, phng thc tr tin bo him, cc quy
nh gii quyt tranh chp;

d) Ph bo him phi c xy dng da trn s liu thng k, m bo kh


nng thanh ton ca doanh nghip bo him v phi tng ng vi iu kin v
trch nhim bo him.

Cu hi 31. DNBH c th bn bo him bn cch no to tin li cho


khch hng?
Tr li:
DNBH ch c bn cc sn phm bo him bt buc khi c php ca B Ti
chnh, sn phm bo him nhn th bo him tnh mng sc khe con ngi
c B Ti chnh ph duyt cho sn phm v sn phm bo him ti sn, trch
nhim ng k theo phm vi hot ng ghi trong Giy php Kinh doanh ca
DNBH. Theo iu 17 N 45 quy nh chi tit

..2. Doanh nghip bo him ch c mi cho khch hng tham gia bo


him theo ni dung, phm vi hot ng quy nh trong Giy php thnh lp v
hot ng ca mnh.

3. Doanh nghip bo him khng c p buc cc t chc, c nhn mua


bo him di mi hnh thc.
Ngoi ra DNBH cn c php s dng knh trung gian phn phi sn phm bo
him: mi gii bo him, i l bo him bn sn phm. iu 18 N 45 quy
nh:

1. Doanh nghip bo him c th y quyn cho i l bo him bn sn


phm bo him.

2. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him hng dn, t vn cho khch hng tham
gia bo him theo yu cu ca khch hng.

3. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him, i l bo him c ngha v:

a) Gii thch trung thc cc thng tin v sn phm bo him bn mua bo


him hiu r sn phm bo him d nh mua;

b) Khng c tit l, cung cp thng tin lm thit hi n quyn, li ch


hp php ca bn mua bo him.

4. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him, i l bo him khng c tc ng


bn mua bo him cung cp sai lch hoc khng cung cp cc thng tin cn thit
cho doanh nghip bo him.
Nh vy ngoi cn b ca doanh nghip bo him c cng ty mi gii bo him
v i l bo him c php bn sn phm ca doanh nghip bo him trnh,
ng k hoc c ph duyt ca B Ti chnh. H c trch nhim hng
dn v t vn cho khch hng la chn sn phm bo him hoc doanh nghip
bo him c li nht. ng thi khch hng c ngha v cung cp thng tin cn
thit trung thc cho doanh nghip bo him tnh gi ri ro xem xt c chp
nhn bo him hay khng v nh gi mc ph bo him tng xng.

Cu hi 32. Khch hng c nhn c hoa hng bo him khng?


Tr li:
Hoa hng bo him c chi tr cho i l bo him v mi gii bo him, ngi
c cng trong khu phn phi sn phm bo him n tn tay ngi tham gia bo
him. Hoa hng c tr i l bo him v mi gii bo him b p cho cc
chi ph b ra trong khu khai thc, bn sn phm bo him v tr cng cho
chnh h. iu 22 N 45 quy nh:
1. Cc doanh nghip bo him ch c chi tr hoa hng bo him t phn
ph bo him thu c theo t l hoa hng bo him khng vt qu t l hoa
hng do B Ti chnh quy nh.

2. i tng c hng hoa hng bo him bao gm:


a) Doanh nghip mi gii bo him;

b) i l bo him.
3. Khng c chi tr hoa hng bo him cho cc i tng sau:
a) T chc, c nhn khng c php hot ng i l bo him, hot ng
mi gii bo him ti Vit Nam;

b) Bn mua bo him, tr trng hp i l bo him mua bo him nhn


th cho chnh mnh;

c) Cn b, nhn vin ca chnh doanh nghip bo him.

Nh vy, khch hng khng c nhn hoa hng bo him phi nhn th khi mua
bo him cho chnh c nhn hoc doanh nghip ca mnh.

Cu hi 33. Quy nh v cc DNBH c th nhng, nhn ti bo him vi cc


DNBH khc cng san s ri ro cho nhau nh th no? m bo quyn
v li ch khch hng?
Tr li:
m bo an ton, cc DNBH cn tnh ton kh nng ti chnh ca mnh
quyt nh chia s ri ro nhn bo him ca mnh cho DNBH khc hoc DN
chuyn nhn nhng ti bo him. Ngc li cc DNBH cng c quyn nhn ti
bo him do cc DNBH chuyn nhng ri ro h nhn bo him. iu 23 N
45 quy nh

Doanh nghip bo him c th chuyn mt phn trch nhim nhn bo


him cho mt hoc nhiu doanh nghip bo him khc nhng khng c
nhng ton b trch nhim bo him nhn trong mt hp ng bo him cho
doanh nghip bo him khc hng hoa hng ti bo him theo hng dn ca
B Ti chnh.
iu 24 N 45 quy nh c th hn v quyn nhn ti bo him ca cc DNBH
nh sau:

Doanh nghip bo him c th nhn ti bo him trch nhim m doanh


nghip bo him khc nhn bo him. Khi nhn ti bo him, doanh nghip
bo him phi nh gi ri ro bo m ph hp vi kh nng ti chnh ca
doanh nghip.

Ti bo him cho php doanh nghip bo him c th chp nhn bo him ti sn


hoc bo him trch nhim vi s tin bo him ln hn kh nng ti chnh ca
mnh bng cch chia s ri ro cho doanh nghip bo him I. Khch hng khng c
lin quan g n doanh nghip bo him nhn ti bo him. Ti bo him ch l s
chia s ri ro v trch nhim gia cc doanh nghip bo him vi nhau.

Cu hi 34. Sau khi nhn bo him, DNBH ti bo him cho cc DNBH khc
c nh hng g n quyn li ngha v ca khch hng mua bo him
khng?
Tr li:
iu kin v cch thc bi thng c cam kt hp ng bo him l trch
nhim ca DNBH nhn bo him. Vic ti bo him nh th no, c i c
cng ty nhn ti bo him bi thng hay khng l vic ring ca DNBH. D th
no i na, DNBH l ngi chu trch nhim bi thng tn tht thuc ri ro c
bo him gy ra cho ngi tham gia bo him. iu 27 Lut KDBH quy nh r
1. Doanh nghip bo him chu trch nhim duy nht i vi bn mua bo him
theo hp ng bo him, k c trong trng hp ti bo him nhng trch nhim
nhn bo him.
2. Doanh nghip nhn ti bo him khng c yu cu bn mua bo him trc
tip ng ph bo him cho mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc trong hp
ng bo him.
3. Bn mua bo him khng c yu cu doanh nghip nhn ti bo him tr
tin bo him hoc bi thng cho mnh, tr trng hp c tho thun khc trong
hp ng bo him.
Tuy nhin, nu ti bo him cho doanh nghip bo him c kh nng ti chnh yu
khi tn tht ln xy ra, doanh nghip nhn ti bo him c th ph sn s lm nh
hng ti doanh nghip bo him. Doanh nghip bo him ny vn phi c ngha
v bi thng y cho khch hng. V vy, B Ti chnh c quy nh r rng
ch ti bo him cho cng ty bo him nc ngoi t tiu chun xp hng t BBB
tr ln theo xp hng quc t.
5. NHNG QUY NH V HP NG BO HIM

Cu hi 35. Hp ng bo him l g, C bao nhiu loi hp ng bo him?


Tr li:
Hp ng bo him l cn c quan trng quy nh quyn v ngha v ca DNBH
v ngi tham gia bo him theo tha thun ca 02 bn. iu 12, khon 1,2 Lut
KDBH quy nh:
1. Hp ng bo him l s tho thun gia bn mua bo him v doanh nghip
bo him, theo bn mua bo him phi ng ph bo him, doanh nghip bo
him phi tr tin bo him cho ngi th hng hoc bi thng cho ngi
c bo him khi xy ra s kin bo him.
2. Cc loi hp ng bo him bao gm:
a) Hp ng bo him con ngi;
b) Hp ng bo him ti sn;
c) Hp ng bo him trch nhim dn s.
Mi loi hp ng trn c i tng bo him v k thut nghip v khc nhau.
Vic chia ra lm 3 loi hp ng bo him phi nhn th ni trn nhm c bin
php qun l ph hp hn.

Cu hi 36. Ngoi Lut KDBH, hp ng bo him cn b chi phi bi ngun


lut no khch hng c th tham chiu khi xy ra tranh chp cn a ra
xt x?
Tr li
Tt c cc hp ng bo him phi cha ng y cc ni dung c bn ti
thiu c quy nh iu 12 khon 3,4 Lut KDBH quy nh:
..3. Hp ng bo him hng hi c p dng theo quy nh ca B lut hng
hi; i vi nhng vn m Lut hng hi khng quy nh th p dng theo quy
nh ca Lut ny.
4. Nhng vn lin quan n hp ng bo him khng quy nh trong Chng
ny c p dng theo quy nh ca B lut dn s v cc quy nh khc ca
php lut c lin quan.
Nh vy, Nh nc vn bo v ni dung c bn m 2 bn giao kt trong hp
ng nu giao kt ph hp vi lut php hin hnh. Nu trong hp ng nhng ni
dung no khng c cp n th p dng Lut Kinh doanh Bo him, Lut
Hng hi v Lut Dn s.
Cu hi 37. Nhng ni dung c bn no phi c cha ng trong hp ng
bo him m bo c c bn quyn v li ch chnh ng ca khch
hng?
Tr li:
Tt c cc hp ng bo him phi cha ng y cc ni dung c bn ti
thiu c iu 13 Lut KDBH quy nh nh sau:

1. Hp ng bo him phi c nhng ni dung sau y:


a) Tn, a ch ca doanh nghip bo him, bn mua bo him, ngi c bo
him hoc ngi th hng;
b) i tng bo him;
c) S tin bo him, gi tr ti sn c bo him i vi bo him ti sn;
d) Phm vi bo him, iu kin bo him, iu khon bo him;
) iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him;
e) Thi hn bo him;
g) Mc ph bo him, phng thc ng ph bo him;
h) Thi hn, phng thc tr tin bo him hoc bi thng;
i) Cc quy nh gii quyt tranh chp;
k) Ngy, thng, nm giao kt hp ng.
2. Ngoi nhng ni dung quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny, hp ng bo him c
th c cc ni dung khc do cc bn tho thun.
Vic quy nh hp ng bo him ti thiu phi cha ng 10 ni dung ni trn
nhm m bo quyn v li ch ca khch hng, lm c s thi hnh quyn v
ngha v ca doanh nghip bo him v khch hng.

Cu hi 38. Hnh thc ca hp ng bo him v thi im pht sinh trch


nhim bo him c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Hnh thc Hp ng bo him phi th hin bng vn bn do trong nhng c
im ca bo him l mt cam kt dn s trong DNBH a ra cam kt bi
thng theo nhng iu kin v cch thc nht nh cho nhng ri ro tn tht
c bo him. iu 14 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Hp ng bo him phi c lp thnh vn bn.Bng chng giao kt hp ng
bo him l giy chng nhn bo him, n bo him, in bo, telex, fax v cc
hnh thc khc do php lut quy nh.
Thng th HBH l mu son sn ca DNBH in nhng ni dung v c
ngi tham gia bo him chp nhn ghi vo giy yu cu bo him. Theo B Lut
Dn s nhng hp ng son sn nu c iu kin t ng no khng c cp
n hoc c cch hiu khng r rng th c gii thch sao cho c li cho ngi
tham gia bo him.
Thi im pht sinh trch nhim bo him l vn quan trng ca hp ng bo
him, n rng buc trch nhim phi bi thng ca DNBH nu ri ro tn tht
c bo him xy ra, ng thi rng buc trch nhim phi ng ph ca
ngi tham gia bo him tnh t thi im .

Trong thc t, doanh nghip bo him cung cp cho khch hng giy chng nhn
bo him hoc n bo him ghi c nhng yu t c bn ca hp ng bo
him v c coi l bng chng k kt hp ng bo him.
iu 15 Lut KDBH:
Trch nhim bo him pht sinh khi hp ng bo him c giao kt hoc
khi c bng chng doanh nghip bo him chp nhn bo him v bn mua
bo him ng ph bo him, tr trng hp c tho thun khc trong hp
ng bo him.
Vic va chp nhn bo him xong thu ph bo him l doanh nghip bo him
phi c trch nhim bi thng cho khch hng. V vy cn phi quy nh r hp
ng bo him nht thit phi lp thnh vn bn v quy nh r thi im pht
sinh trch nhim bo him gn cht ngha v ca doanh nghip bo him, bo
v quyn li khch hng ngay t thi im pht sinh trn.

Cu hi 39. iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him c quy nh nh th


no m bo c quyn v li ch khch hng?
Tr li:
iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him thng l nhng loi tr v nhng ri ro
mang tnh thm ho ln, nhng ri ro ch c bo him trong iu kin c bit,
nhng s kin s c mang tnh cht ch qun vi phm php lut, vi phm cam kt
th doanh nghip bo him khng phi bi thng.iu khon loi tr trch nhim
bo him cn l iu khon thu hp phm vi bo him hay ni mt cch khc l
gim bt trch nhim bi thng ca DNBH nu xy ra nhng quy nh c loi
tr ny. Ngay c trng hp bo him mi ri ro th vn c nhng iu khon loi
tr, cng c ngha l khng phi c tham gia bo him mi ri ro th tn tht no
cng c bi thng. Nhng tn tht thuc mt trong nhng nguyn nhn loi
tr gy nn s khng c bi thng. iu 16 Lut KDBH:
1. iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him quy nh trng hp doanh nghip
bo him khng phi bi thng hoc khng phi tr tin bo him khi xy ra s
kin bo him.
2. iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him phi c quy nh r trong hp
ng bo him. Doanh nghip bo him phi gii thch r cho bn mua bo him
khi giao kt hp ng.
3. Khng p dng iu khon loi tr trch nhim bo him trong cc trng hp
sau y:
a) Bn mua bo him vi phm php lut do v ;
b) Bn mua bo him c l do chnh ng trong vic chm thng bo cho doanh
nghip bo him v vic xy ra s kin bo him.

V vy, khi bn bo him doanh nghip bo him c ngha v gii thch r iu


kin loi tr bo him, ngi mua bo him c quyn yu cu doanh nghip bo
him gii thch r iu kin loi tr v cn c hiu k iu khon loi tr thu hp
phm vi bo him.

Cu hi 40. Quyn ca DNBH khi thc hin hp ng bo him c quy


nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Quyn ca DNBH c quy nh c th trong HBH. Nu HBH khng quy
nh c th v y th quyn ca DNBH c thc hin theo Lut KDBH. iu
17 khon 1 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Doanh nghip bo him c quyn:
a) Thu ph bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him;
b) Yu cu bn mua bo him cung cp y , trung thc thng tin lin quan n
vic giao kt v thc hin hp ng bo him;
c) n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him theo quy nh:
2. Doanh nghip bo him c quyn n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng
bo him v thu ph bo him n thi im nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him
khi bn mua bo him c mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y (khon 2 iu 19:
+ C cung cp thng tin sai s tht nhm giao kt hp ng bo him
c tr tin bo him hoc c bi thng;
+ Khng thc hin cc ngha v trong vic cung cp thng tin cho doanh
nghip bo him theo quy nh.
Thng bo trng hp c th lm tng ri ro hoc lm pht sinh thm trch nhim
ca doanh nghip bo him.
- Khi c s thay i nhng yu t lm c s tnh ph bo him, dn n
tng cc ri ro c bo him th doanh nghip bo him c quyn tnh li ph
bo him cho thi gian cn li ca hp ng bo him. Trong trng hp bn
mua bo him khng chp nhn tng ph bo him th doanh nghip bo him c
quyn n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him, nhng phi thng bo
ngay bng vn bn cho bn mua bo him.
- Trong trng hp ph bo him c ng nhiu ln v bn mua bo him
ng mt hoc mt s ln ph bo him nhng khng th ng c cc khon
ph bo him tip theo th sau thi hn 60 ngy, k t ngy gia hn ng ph,
doanh nghip bo him c quyn n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng, bn
mua bo him khng c quyn i li khon ph bo him ng nu thi gian
ng ph bo him di hai nm, tr trng hp cc bn c tho thun khc.
- Trong trng hp ngi c bo him khng thc hin cc bin php bo
m an ton cho i tng bo him th doanh nghip bo him c quyn n nh
mt thi hn ngi c bo him thc hin cc bin php ; nu ht thi
hn ny m cc bin php bo m an ton vn khng c thc hin th doanh
nghip bo him c quyn tng ph bo him hoc n phng nh ch thc hin
hp ng bo him.
d) T chi tr tin bo him cho ngi th hng hoc t chi bi thng cho
ngi c bo him trong trng hp khng thuc phm vi trch nhim bo
him hoc trng hp loi tr trch nhim bo him theo tho thun trong hp
ng bo him;
) Yu cu bn mua bo him p dng cc bin php phng, hn ch tn tht
theo quy nh ca Lut ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan;
e) Yu cu ngi th ba bi hon s tin bo him m doanh nghip bo him
bi thng cho ngi c bo him do ngi th ba gy ra i vi ti sn v
trch nhim dn s;
g) Cc quyn khc theo quy nh ca php lut.

Cu hi 41. Ngha v ca DNBH khi thc hin hp ng bo him c quy


nh nh th no m bo quyn li cho khch hng?
Tr li
Ngha v ca DNBH c quy nh c th trong HBH. Nu HBH khng quy
nh c th v y , ngha v ca DNBH c thc hin theo Lut KDBH. iu
17 khon 2 Lut KDHB quy nh:
a) Gii thch cho bn mua bo him v cc iu kin, iu khon bo
him; quyn, ngha v ca bn mua bo him;
b) Cp cho bn mua bo him giy chng nhn bo him, n bo him
ngay sau khi giao kt hp ng bo him;
c) Tr tin bo him kp thi cho ngi th hng hoc bi thng cho
ngi c bo him khi xy ra s kin bo him;
d) Gii thch bng vn bn l do t chi tr tin bo him hoc t chi bi
thng;
) Phi hp vi bn mua bo him gii quyt yu cu ca ngi th ba
i bi thng v nhng thit hi thuc trch nhim bo him khi xy ra s
kin bo him;
e) Cc ngha v khc theo quy nh ca php lut.
Nhng ngha v trn ca doanh nghip bo him cng tng ng vi quyn ca
khch hng mua bo him s c trnh by sau ny (ti cu hi 42).
Cu hi 42. Khch hng mua bo him c quyn li g?
Tr li:
Ngi mua bo him c cc quyn quy nh trong HBH. Nu HBH khng quy
nh th xt x theo Lut KDBH. iu 18 khon 1, Lut KDBH quy nh mt s
quyn ca ngi mua bo him nh sau:
a) La chn doanh nghip bo him hot ng ti Vit Nam mua bo him;
b) Yu cu doanh nghip bo him gii thch cc iu kin, iu khon bo him;
cp giy chng nhn bo him hoc n bo him;
c) n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him theo quy nh l:
- Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him c cung cp thng tin sai s
tht nhm giao kt hp ng bo him th bn mua bo him c quyn n
phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him; doanh nghip bo him
phi bi thng thit hi pht sinh cho bn mua bo him do vic cung cp
thng tin sai s tht.(Khon 3 iu 19)
1. Khi c s thay i nhng yu t lm c s tnh ph bo him, dn
n gim cc ri ro c bo him th bn mua bo him c quyn yu cu
doanh nghip bo him gim ph bo him cho thi gian cn li ca hp
ng bo him. Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him khng chp
nhn gim ph bo him th bn mua bo him c quyn n phng nh
ch thc hin hp ng bo him, nhng phi thng bo ngay bng vn
bn cho doanh nghip bo him.(Khon 1 iu 20)

d) Yu cu doanh nghip bo him tr tin bo him cho ngi th hng hoc


bi thng cho ngi c bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him
khi xy ra s kin bo him;
) Chuyn nhng hp ng bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him
hoc theo quy nh ca php lut;
e) Cc quyn khc theo quy nh ca php lut.

Cu hi 43. Khch hng mua bo him c ngha v g?


Tr li:
Ngi mua bo him c cc ngha v quy nh trong HBH, nu HBH khng
quy nh th xt x theo Lut KDBH. iu 18 khon 2, Lut KDBH quy nh cc
ngha v c bn ca ngi mua bo him nh sau:
a) ng ph bo him y , theo thi hn v phng thc tha thun trong
hp ng bo him;
b) K khai y , trung thc mi chi tit c lin quan n hp ng bo him
theo yu cu ca doanh nghip bo him;
c) Thng bo nhng trng hp c th lm tng ri ro hoc lm pht sinh thm
trch nhim ca doanh nghip bo him trong qu trnh thc hin hp ng bo
him theo yu cu ca doanh nghip bo him;

d) Thng bo cho doanh nghip bo him v vic xy ra s kin bo him theo


tho thun trong hp ng bo him;
) p dng cc bin php phng, hn ch tn tht theo quy nh ca Lut ny
v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan;
e) Cc ngha v khc theo quy nh ca php lut.

Cu hi 44. Trch nhim cung cp thng tin trung thc v y ca DNBH


vi khch hng tham gia bo him c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
y l trch nhim quan trng ca DNBH, th hin tnh chnh xc trung thc y
li cam kt ca mnh. iu 19 khon 1 v khon 3 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Khi giao kt hp ng bo him, doanh nghip bo him c trch nhim cung
cp y thng tin lin quan n hp ng bo him, gii thch cc iu kin,
iu khon bo him cho bn mua bo him; DNBH chu trch nhim v tnh
chnh xc, trung thc ca thng tin .
..Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him c cung cp thng tin sai s tht nhm
giao kt hp ng bo him th bn mua bo him c quyn n phng nh ch
thc hin hp ng bo him; doanh nghip bo him phi bi thng thit hi
pht sinh cho bn mua bo him do vic cung cp thng tin sai s tht.
Khi giao kt bo him, doanh nghip bo him a ra li cam kt v iu kin v
phng thc bi thng nn mi thng tin a ra cam kt phi l trung thc, r
rng. l c s ngi tham gia bo him la chn c chp nhn mua bo
him hay khng.

Cu hi 45. Trch nhim cung cp thng tin trung thc v y ca khch


hng tham gia bo him vi DNBH c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Khch hng mua bo him phi cung cp thng tin trung thc v y DNBH
nh gi ri ro, chp nhn ri ro, chp nhn bo him, tnh ph bo him cho ph
hp vi nhng thng tin nhn c. iu 19 khon 1 v khon 2 Lut KDHB quy
nh:
Bn mua bo him c trch nhim.
Doanh nghip bo him c trch nhim gi b mt v thng tin do bn mua
bo him cung cp.
2. Doanh nghip bo him c quyn n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng
bo him v thu ph bo him n thi im nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him
khi bn mua bo him c mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) C cung cp thng tin sai s tht nhm giao kt hp ng bo him c


tr tin bo him hoc c bi thng;
b) Khng thc hin cc ngha v trong vic cung cp thng tin cho doanh nghip
bo him theo quy nh:
- Thng bo nhng trng hp c th lm tng ri ro hoc lm pht sinh
thm trch nhim ca doanh nghip bo him trong qu trnh thc hin
hp ng bo him theo yu cu ca doanh nghip bo him (im c
khon 2 iu 18)
giao kt bo him, doanh nghip bo him cn da trn c s thng tin cn
thit yu cu khch hng cung cp khi nh gi c ri ro, xc nh ph bo
him.

Cu hi 46. Mt ngi nh ang c bo him, nay mun cho thu ngi


nh ny lm vn phng cng ty hay lm khch sn t nhn th cn lm nhng
vic g lin quan n bo him?
Tr li:
Nh vy nhng d nh thay i mc ch s dng ngi nh ang c bo
him ca khch hng, lm tng thm ri ro bo him. Thay i mc ri ro l
thay i kh nng xy ra tn tht, ng ngha vi thay i ph bo him, thay i
quyn v li ch ca DNBH v ngi tham gia bo him. iu 20 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. Khi c s thay i nhng yu t lm c s tnh ph bo him, dn n gim
cc ri ro c bo him th bn mua bo him c quyn yu cu doanh nghip
bo him gim ph bo him cho thi gian cn li ca hp ng bo him. Trong
trng hp doanh nghip bo him khng chp nhn gim ph bo him th bn
mua bo him c quyn n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him, nhng
phi thng bo ngay bng vn bn cho doanh nghip bo him.
2. Khi c s thay i nhng yu t lm c s tnh ph bo him, dn n tng
cc ri ro c bo him th doanh nghip bo him c quyn tnh li ph bo
him cho thi gian cn li ca hp ng bo him. Trong trng hp bn mua
bo him khng chp nhn tng ph bo him th doanh nghip bo him c quyn
n phng nh ch thc hin hp ng bo him, nhng phi thng bo ngay
bng vn bn cho bn mua bo him.
bo v quyn li ca mnh, khch hng cn thng bo ngay vi doanh nghip
bo him m mnh tham gia bo him c hng x l kp thi.
Cu hi 47. Trong trng hp hp ng bo him khng c quy nh r
rng th lm th no bo v quyn li khch hng tham gia bo him nu
xy ra tranh chp?
Tr li:
iu khon khng r rng l nhng iu khon c th c gii thch hoc c
hiu bng nhiu ngha khc nhau. iu 21 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Trong trng hp hp ng bo him c iu khon khng r rng th iu
khon c gii thch theo hng c li cho bn mua bo him.
V HBH l hp ng mu (in sn) nn B Lut Dn s cng quy nh Nu
trong hp ng ny c nhng iu khon, t ng khng r rng th s c gii
thch theo cch c li cho ngi mua bo him
y l bin php bo v quyn v li ch chnh ng ca khch hng v lm cho
doanh nghip bo him phi thn trng hn trong nm son tho hp ng bo
him, cc mu giy chng nhn bo him, giy yu cu bo him sao cho r rng,
mch lc, chnh xc.

Cu hi 48. Ti c tin xe t ca mnh ang ch 72 chic xe my b bc


chy ti min Trung sau lnh cho nhn vin ca mnh i mua bo him.
iu ny c vi phm vn g khng?
Tr li:
Nu ng nh vy hp ng bo him trn c coi l v hiu. HBH ng
nhin s b v hiu khi c 02 bn giao kt trong cc tnh hung, s kin mang
tnh la di, trc li bo him. iu 22 Lut KDBH quy nh r:
1. Hp ng bo him v hiu trong cc trng hp sau y:
a) Bn mua bo him khng c quyn li c th c bo him;
b) Ti thi im giao kt hp ng bo him, i tng bo him khng tn ti;
c) Ti thi im giao kt hp ng bo him, bn mua bo him bit s kin bo
him xy ra;
d) Bn mua bo him hoc doanh nghip bo him c hnh vi la di khi giao kt
hp ng bo him;
) Cc trng hp khc theo quy nh ca php lut.
2. Vic x l hp ng bo him v hiu c thc hin theo quy nh ca B lut
dn s v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan.

Cu hi 49. Chic xe my ca ti b mt cp khng thuc ri ro bo him nn


khng c bi thng, sau khi ti sn c bo him khng cn na hp
ng bo him ny c hiu lc hay khng?
Tr li:
Trong thi gian thc hin HBH, HBH ng nhin b chm dt khi xy ra
nhng s kin c Lut KDBH quy nh. iu 23 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Ngoi cc trng hp chm dt hp ng theo quy nh ca B lut dn s, hp
ng bo him cn chm dt trong cc trng hp sau y:
1. Bn mua bo him khng cn quyn li c th c bo him;
2. Bn mua bo him khng ng ph bo him hoc khng ng ph bo him
theo thi hn tho thun trong hp ng bo him, tr trng hp cc bn c
tho thun khc;
3. Bn mua bo him khng ng ph bo him trong thi gian gia hn ng
ph bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him.
Nh vy, hp ng bo him cho chic xe my ni trn b chm dt ngay t khi
chic xe b mt cp. Khch hng s c hon li ph bo him cho thi gian cn
li ca hp ng.

Cu hi 50. Khi hp ng bo him b chm dt, hu qu php l v quyn,


li ch chnh ng ca khch hng c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Ty theo mc vi phm ca cc bn m hu qu php l khi chm dt HBH
c quy nh khc nhau. iu 24 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Trong trng hp chm dt hp ng bo him theo quy nh ti khon 1
iu 23 ca Lut ny (cu hi 49) doanh nghip bo him phi hon li ph bo
him cho bn mua bo him tng ng vi thi gian cn li ca hp ng bo
him m bn mua bo him ng ph bo him, sau khi tr cc chi ph hp
l c lin quan n hp ng bo him.
2. Trong trng hp chm dt hp ng bo him theo quy nh ti khon 2 iu
23 ca Lut ny (cu hi 49) bn mua bo him vn phi ng ph bo him
n thi im chm dt hp ng bo him. Quy nh ny khng p dng i vi
hp ng bo him con ngi.
3. Trong trng hp chm dt hp ng bo him theo quy nh ti khon 3 iu
23 ca Lut ny (cu hi 49) doanh nghip bo him vn phi chu trch nhim
bi thng cho ngi c bo him khi s kin bo him xy ra trong thi gian
gia hn ng ph; bn mua bo him vn phi ng ph bo him cho n ht thi
gian gia hn theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him. Quy nh ny khng p
dng i vi hp ng bo him con ngi.
4. Hu qu php l ca vic chm dt hp ng bo him trong cc trng hp
khc c thc hin theo quy nh ca B lut dn s v cc quy nh khc ca
php lut c lin quan.
Cu hi 51. Trong khi thc hin hp ng bo him, khch hng mua bo
him c quyn sa i hp ng hay khng?
Tr li:
Vic sa i b sung HBH trong qu trnh thc hin HBH l quyn ca cc
bn nhng nhng vn c b sung phi c mt bn a ra v bn kia chp
thun. iu 25 Lut KDBH ch r:
1. Bn mua bo him v doanh nghip bo him c th tho thun sa i, b
sung ph bo him, iu kin, iu khon bo him, tr trng hp php lut c
quy nh khc.
2. Mi sa i, b sung hp ng bo him phi c lp thnh vn bn.

Cu hi 52. Khi i tng c bo him chuyn nhng cho ngi khc th


khch hng mua bo him c th chuyn nhng hp ng bo him cho
ngi nhn chuyn nhng i tng bo him c khng?
Tr li:
Vic chuyn nhng v cch thc chuyn nhng HBH c quy nh c th
trong HBH. Tuy nhin nu HBH khng quy nh th thc hin theo Lut
KDBH. iu 26 Lut KDBH quy nh:
2. Vic chuyn nhng hp ng bo him ch c hiu lc trong trng hp
bn mua bo him thng bo bng vn bn cho doanh nghip bo him v vic
chuyn nhng v doanh nghip bo him c vn bn chp thun vic chuyn
nhng , tr trng hp vic chuyn nhng c thc hin theo tp qun quc
t.
Vic chuyn nhng hp ng bo him l ng nhin m bo quyn v li
ch khch hng. Tuy nhin vi ti sn c chuyn nhng l c ngi ch mi
khai thc s dng khng ng mc ch tham gia bo him th ngi ch mi
phi khai bo kp thi cho doanh nghip bo him.

Cu hi 53. Vn thi hn khch hng yu cu DNBH tr tin bo him


hoc bi thng c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Thi hn yu cu tr tin hoc bi thng c quy nh c th trong HBH. Nu
HBH khng quy nh r rng th thc hin theo Lut KDBH. iu 28 Lut
KDBH quy nh:
1. Thi hn yu cu tr tin bo him hoc bi thng theo hp ng bo him
l mt nm, k t ngy xy ra s kin bo him. Thi gian xy ra s kin bt kh
khng hoc tr ngi khch quan khc khng tnh vo thi hn yu cu tr tin
bo him hoc bi thng.
2. Trong trng hp bn mua bo him chng minh c rng bn mua bo him
khng bit thi im xy ra s kin bo him th thi hn quy nh ti khon 1
iu ny c tnh t ngy bn mua bo him bit vic xy ra s kin bo him
.
3. Trong trng hp ngi th ba yu cu bn mua bo him bi thng v nhng
thit hi thuc trch nhim bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him th
thi hn quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny c tnh t ngy ngi th ba yu cu.
Trong thi gian ni trn, ngi c bo him phi lm th tc yu cu
DNBH tr tin hoc bi thng. Nu qu hn trn th yu cu ca ngi bo him
s khng c chp nhn.
Quy nh thi hn khch hng tham gia bo him phi khn trng thc hin
quyn i bi thng, ng thi m bo c tnh thi s, chnh xc doanh
nghip bo him c th gim nh xc nh tn tht.

Cu hi 54. Thi hn quy nh DNBH phi tr tin bo him hoc bi


thng nh th no m bo chia s khc phc kp thi tn tht cho
khch hng?
Tr li:
DNBH phi tr tin hoc bi thng trong vng 15 ngy k t ngy nhn h s
hp l ca ngi c bo him yu cu bi thng. iu 29 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
Khi xy ra s kin bo him, doanh nghip bo him phi tr tin bo him hoc
bi thng theo thi hn tho thun trong hp ng bo him; trong trng
hp khng c tho thun v thi hn th doanh nghip bo him phi tr tin bo
him hoc bi thng trong thi hn 15 ngy, k t ngy nhn c y h s
hp l v yu cu tr tin bo him hoc bi thng.
Nu qu thi hn quy nh trn DNBH khng gii quyt s phi tr thm li theo
li sut ngn hng cho s tin chm tr .
Thi hn ti a 15 ngy ni trn l quy nh cho tt c cc hp ng bo him. V
vy khi son tho hp ng bo him cc doanh nghip bo him ch c quyn
ra thi hn ngn hn 15 ngy hoc bng.

Cu hi 55. Thi hiu khch hng mua bo him khi kin lin quan n hp
ng bo him c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Khi khng tn thnh cch chi tr hoc gii quyt bi thng ca DNBH, khch
hng c bo him c th thng lng vi DNBH gii quyt. Nu khng
gii quyt c c th khi kin ra ta n hoc trng ti xt x. iu 30 Lut
KDBH quy nh r:
Thi hiu khi kin v hp ng bo him l ba nm, k t thi im pht sinh
tranh chp.
Thi hiu khi kin ghi trn cc hp ng bo him ca doanh nghip bo him
son tho sn tt nhin khng c nh hn 3 nm v nu di hn 3 nm th cng
c khuyn khch. Quy nh thi hiu khiu kin doanh nghip bo him c
iu kin khi phc, thu thp h s ti liu trc lin quan n khiu kin
gii trnh trc c quan xt x hoc ho gii.

Cu hi 56. Khi DNBH khng tn ti do chia tch, hp nht, sp nhp, gii


th hoc lm vo tnh trng c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton th quyn li
ca khch hng mua bo him c m bo nh th no?
Tr li:
B Ti chnh l c quan qun l Nh nc kim sot v ph duyt cc trng hp
DNBH khng tn ti do chia tch, hp nht, sp nhp trong u tin m bo
quyn li hp php chnh ng ca ngi tham gia bo him ri mi cp php
hnh thnh DNBH mi (do chia tch sp nhp hoc hp nht) hoc gii th DNBH
c. Trng hp DNBH lm vo tnh trng mt kh nng thanh ton th B Ti
chnh vi t cch l c quan gim st v qun l Nh nc v hot ng kinh
doanh bo him s ng ra gii quyt nhm m bo quyn li hp php chnh
ng ca ngi tham gia bo him. iu 74 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Vic chuyn giao ton b hp ng bo him ca mt hoc mt s nghip v
bo him gia cc doanh nghip bo him c thc hin trong nhng trng
hp sau y:
a) Doanh nghip bo him c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton;
b) Doanh nghip bo him chia, tch, hp nht, sp nhp, gii th;
c) Theo tho thun gia cc doanh nghip bo him.
2. Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him c nguy c mt kh nng thanh ton,
gii th m khng tho thun c vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him cho
doanh nghip bo him khc th B Ti chnh ch nh doanh nghip bo him
nhn chuyn giao.
Nhng quy nh trn nhm m bo cho khch hng gi nguyn quyn v li ch
theo hp ng bo him k kt.

Cu hi 57. iu kin v th tc chuyn giao hp ng bo him gia 02


DNBH c quy nh nh th no m bo quyn li ca ngi mua bo
him?
Tr li:
Vic chuyn giao HBH t DNBH ny sang DNBH khc phi tun th theo cc
iu kin v th tc c Lut KDBH cho php. iu 75 Lut KDBH quy nh v
iu kin chuyn giao HBH nh sau:
Vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him c thc hin theo cc iu kin sau y:
1. Doanh nghip bo him nhn chuyn giao ang kinh doanh nghip v bo him
c chuyn giao;
2. Cc quyn v ngha v theo hp ng bo him c chuyn giao khng thay
i cho n khi ht thi hn hp ng bo him;
3. Vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him phi km theo vic chuyn giao cc qu v
d phng nghip v lin quan n ton b hp ng bo him c chuyn giao.
iu 76 Lut KDBH quy nh v th tc chuyn giao HBH nh sau:
Vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him c thc hin theo th tc sau y:
1. Doanh nghip bo him chuyn giao hp ng bo him phi c n ngh
chuyn giao hp ng bo him gi B Ti chnh nu r l do, k hoch chuyn
giao, km theo hp ng chuyn giao. Vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him ch
c tin hnh sau khi c B Ti chnh chp thun bng vn bn;
2. Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy B Ti chnh chp thun vic chuyn giao
hp ng bo him, doanh nghip chuyn giao hp ng bo him phi cng b
v vic chuyn giao v thng bo cho bn mua bo him bng vn bn.
Quy nh ni dung v iu kin chuyn giao hp ng bo him nh trn nhm
lun m bo quyn v li ch khch hng mua bo him ngay c trong tnh trng
xu nht xy ra.

6. QUY NH RING CHO HP NG BH TI SN

Cu hi 58. Ti thu mt chic xe vn ti kinh doanh trong thi hn 5


nm. Ti c nn mua bo him vt cht cho xe ny khng? i tng v s
tin bo him hp ng bo him ti sn l g?
Tr li:
Ngi ch s hu, ngi khai thc s dng, ngi nhn cm c th chp, ngi
nhn k gi trng gi bo qun ti sn c quyn mua bo him cho chnh ti sn
. iu 40 Lut KDBH quy nh i tng ca bo him Ti sn nh sau:
i tng ca hp ng bo him ti sn l ti sn, bao gm vt c thc, tin,
giy t tr gi c bng tin v cc quyn ti sn.
iu 41 Lut KDBH quy nh s tin bo him ti sn l s tin ngi tham gia
bo him ti sn k khai m bo tnh trung thc chnh xc cho gi tr ti sn c
bo him
S tin bo him l s tin m bn mua bo him yu cu bo him cho ti sn
.
Nh vy, nu khch hng mua bo him vt cht cho chic xe ti trn th khi ri ro
tn tht xy ra s c bi thng y nhm m bo khi Ht hn thu xe s
tr li chic xe trong tnh trng khng h hng cho ch xe.

Cu hi 59. Khch hng c th mua bo him ti sn vi s tin bo him ln


hn gi tr ti sn c bo him hay khng, v vic gii quyt nh th
no?
Tr li:
Mc ch ca bo him l a ngi km may mn c ri ro tn tht c bo
him tr li trng thi ti chnh ban u nh trc khi xy ra s kin ny. C ngha
l khch hng c bo him khng th giu c hn qua vic bi thng ca bo
him vi s tin bi thng c th mua c nhiu hn gi tr nhng ti sn b tn
tht. iu 42 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Hp ng bo him ti sn trn gi tr l hp ng trong s tin bo him
cao hn gi th trng ca ti sn c bo him ti thi im giao kt hp ng.
Doanh nghip bo him v bn mua bo him khng c giao kt hp ng bo
him ti sn trn gi tr.
2. Trong trng hp hp ng bo him ti sn trn gi tr c giao kt do li v
ca bn mua bo him, doanh nghip bo him phi hon li cho bn mua bo
him s ph bo him ng tng ng vi s tin bo him vt qu gi th
trng ca ti sn c bo him, sau khi tr cc chi ph hp l c lin quan.
Trong trng hp xy ra s kin bo him, doanh nghip bo him ch chu trch
nhim bi thng thit hi khng vt qu gi th trng ca ti sn c bo
him.
Nh vy, khch hng khng nn k khai gi tr ti sn ln hn gi th trng ca
n.

Cu hi 60. Khi mua bo him ti sn, khch hng mua bo him k khai s
tin bo him nh hn gi tr thc t ca ti sn c bo him th c nh
hng g khi gii quyt bi thng?
Tr li:
Khi k khai s tin bo him nh hn gi tr thc t ca ti sn s lm cho DNBH
nh ph bo him cho khch hng tham gia bo him phi ng thp hn. Khi gii
quyt bi thng, DNBH mi c th pht hin ra vn trn v c quyn bi
thng thp hn, tng ng vi t l ph bo him m khch hng mua bo
him ng so vi ph bo him l ra phi ng nu k khai ng gi tr bo
him. iu 43 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Hp ng bo him ti sn di gi tr l hp ng trong s tin bo him
thp hn gi th trng ca ti sn c bo him ti thi im giao kt hp
ng.
2. Trong trng hp hp ng bo him ti sn di gi tr c giao kt, doanh
nghip bo him ch chu trch nhim bi thng theo t l gia s tin bo him
v gi th trng ca ti sn c bo him ti thi im giao kt hp ng.
Nh vy, nu k khai gi tr ti sn thp hn gi th trng th khch hng s gp
nhiu thit thi trong gii quyt bi thng nu tn tht xy ra.

Cu hi 61. Khi v tnh hoc hu , khch hng mua bo him cho mt ti


sn bng nhiu hp ng bo him khc nhau ca mt hay nhiu cng ty bo
him th c nh hng g khng?
Tr li:
Ngi mua bo him ch c bi thng nhiu nht ng bng thit hi thc t
ca ti sn b tn tht m ri ro c bo him gy ra. Nu v tnh hay hu , mt
ti sn ng thi c bo him bi nhiu DNBH th gi l bo him trng. iu
44 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Hp ng bo him trng l trng hp bn mua bo him giao kt hp ng
bo him vi hai doanh nghip bo him tr ln bo him cho cng mt i
tng, vi cng iu kin v s kin bo him.
2. Trong trng hp cc bn giao kt hp ng bo him trng, khi xy ra s kin
bo him, mi doanh nghip bo him ch chu trch nhim bi thng theo t l
gia s tin bo him tho thun trn tng s tin bo him ca tt c cc hp
ng m bn mua bo him giao kt. Tng s tin bi thng ca cc doanh
nghip bo him khng vt qu gi tr thit hi thc t ca ti sn.
V vy, trc khi mua bo him ti sn, khch hng cn kim tra xem trc
mua bo him cho ti sn ny cha? Hp ng bo him ti sn c cn hiu
lc hay khng?

Cu hi 62. Cn c tnh ton xc nh s tin bi thng cho khch hng


c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
DNBH l ngi thay mt tt c khch hng tham gia bo him ng gp ph
bo him hnh thnh nn qu bo him s dng bi thng cho nhng ngi
km may mn gp ri ro tn tht c bo him. V vy, vic gii quyt bi
thng khng th ty tin gy mt uy tn ca DNBH m phi tun th theo cc cn
c khoa hc st vi thc t. Theo iu 46 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. S tin bi thng m doanh nghip bo him phi tr cho ngi c bo
him c xc nh trn c s gi th trng ca ti sn c bo him ti thi
im, ni xy ra tn tht v mc thit hi thc t, tr trng hp c tho thun
khc trong hp ng bo him. Chi ph xc nh gi th trng v mc thit
hi do doanh nghip bo him chu.
2. S tin bi thng m doanh nghip bo him tr cho ngi c bo him
khng vt qu s tin bo him, tr trng hp c tho thun khc trong hp
ng bo him.
3. Ngoi s tin bi thng, doanh nghip bo him cn phi tr cho ngi c
bo him nhng chi ph cn thit, hp l phng, hn ch tn tht v nhng
chi ph pht sinh m ngi c bo him phi chu thc hin ch dn ca
doanh nghip bo him.
Nh vy s tin bi thng bng gi th trng ca ti sn tn tht do ri ro c
bo him gy ra cng vi chi ph gim nh xc nh tn tht, chi ph cn thit hp
l phng hn ch tn tht thc hin theo s ngh ca doanh nghip bo
him. Tuy nhin, nu khch hng mua bo him di gi tr th s nhn c s
tin bi thng t hn bng ng t l gia s tin bo him m khch hng k
khai trn gi tr thc t ti sn .

Cu hi 63. DNBH gii quyt bi thng cho khch hng tham gia bo him
bng mt trong nhng hnh thc no?
Tr li:
Ti sn b tn tht c th c nhiu cch khi phc li ti sn bng cch sa
cha phn h hi, thay th bng ti sn tng ng, trong c th DNBH lm
nhng vic trn hoc ngi c bo him ng ra lm v c DNBH thanh
ton li cc chi ph b ra khi c DNBH chp thun. iu 47 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. Bn mua bo him v doanh nghip bo him c th tho thun mt trong cc
hnh thc bi thng sau y:
a) Sa cha ti sn b thit hi;
b) Thay th ti sn b thit hi bng ti sn khc;
c) Tr tin bi thng.
2. Trong trng hp doanh nghip bo him v bn mua bo him khng tho
thun c v hnh thc bi thng th vic bi thng s c thc hin bng
tin.
3. Trong trng hp bi thng theo quy nh ti im b v im c khon 1 iu
ny, doanh nghip bo him c quyn thu hi ti sn b thit hi sau khi thay
th hoc bi thng ton b theo gi th trng ca ti sn.
Cu hi 64. Ai l ngi c quyn gim nh tn tht v thanh ton chi ph
gim nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Gim nh v chi ph gim nh tn tht c quy nh trong HBH. Nu HBH
khng c quy nh th p dng theo Lut KDBH. iu 48 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. Khi xy ra s kin bo him, doanh nghip bo him hoc ngi c doanh
nghip bo him u quyn thc hin vic gim nh tn tht xc nh nguyn
nhn v mc tn tht. Chi ph gim nh tn tht do doanh nghip bo him
chu.
2. Trong trng hp cc bn khng thng nht v nguyn nhn v mc tn tht
th c th trng cu gim nh vin c lp, tr trng hp c tho thun khc
trong hp ng bo him. Trong trng hp cc bn khng tho thun c vic
trng cu gim nh vin c lp th mt trong cc bn c yu cu To n ni
xy ra tn tht hoc ni c tr ca ngi c bo him ch nh gim nh vin
c lp. Kt lun ca gim nh vin c lp c gi tr bt buc i vi cc bn.
Chi ph gim nh trong trng hp ni trn nu ph hp vi gim nh ban u
th khch hng phi chu, nu khc vi kt qu gim nh ban u th doanh
nghip bo him chu.

Cu hi 65. Khi ti sn b thit hi, c th mt phn do li ca ngi khc


(ngi th 3) gy ra nhng vn c DNBH bi thng. Trong trng hp
ny, khch hng tham gia bo him phi lm g m bo quyn li cho
DNBH i ngi th ba bi thng thit hi do li ca h gy ra?
Tr li:
Khi nhn c tin bi thng ca DNBH cho thit hi v ti sn do ngi th 3
gy nn th khch hng c bo him phi chuyn h s th tc DNBH th
quyn h i bi thng ngi th ba bi thng thit hi do li ca ngi ny
gy ra lm tn tht ti sn c DNBH bi thng. iu 49 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. Trong trng hp ngi th ba c li gy thit hi cho ngi c bo him
v doanh nghip bo him tr tin bi thng cho ngi c bo him th
ngi c bo him phi chuyn quyn yu cu ngi th ba bi hon khon
tin m mnh nhn bi thng cho doanh nghip bo him.
2. Trong trng hp ngi c bo him t chi chuyn quyn cho doanh
nghip bo him, khng bo lu hoc t b quyn yu cu ngi th ba bi
thng th doanh nghip bo him c quyn khu tr s tin bi thng tu theo
mc li ca ngi c bo him.
3. Doanh nghip bo him khng c yu cu cha, m, v, chng, con, anh, ch,
em rut ca ngi c bo him bi hon khon tin m doanh nghip bo him
tr cho ngi c bo him, tr trng hp nhng ngi ny c gy ra tn
tht.

7. NHNG QUY NH RING CHO HP NG BO HIM TRCH


NHIM DN S

Cu hi 66. C th mua bo him TNDS bi thng thit hi do li ca mnh


gy ra i vi ngi th ba hay khng?
Tr li:
i tng bo him TNDS l trch nhim bi thng thit hi ca khch hng
tham gia bo him cho ngi th ba theo quy nh ca php lut. Nu tham gia
bo him, DNBH c trch nhim bi thng thit hi trong phm vi s tin bo
him thay cho khch hng tham gia bo him. iu 52 v iu 53 Lut KDBH
quy nh:
i tng ca hp ng bo him trch nhim dn s l trch nhim dn s ca
ngi c bo him i vi ngi th ba theo quy nh ca php lut.
1. Trch nhim ca doanh nghip bo him ch pht sinh nu ngi th ba yu
cu ngi c bo him bi thng thit hi do li ca ngi gy ra cho
ngi th ba trong thi hn bo him.
2. Ngi th ba khng c quyn trc tip yu cu doanh nghip bo him tr tin
bi thng, tr trng hp php lut c quy nh khc.
Cc loi bo him trch nhim dn s nh bo him trch nhim dn s ca ch
xe c gii gy ra cho nn nhn, bo him trch nhim ca ngi gy ra cho nn
nhn, bo him trch nhim ca ngi sn xut sn phm khi sn phm gy hi
cho ngi tiu dng.

Cu hi 67. Ti sao phi a ra s tin bo him hoc gii hn trch nhim


trong hp ng bo him TNDS?
Tr li:
iu 54 Lut KDBH quy nh trch nhim bi thng thit hi cho ngi th ba
ca ngi tham gia bo him c nhiu trng hp l rt ln v vy DNBH v
ngi tham gia bo him thng tha thun ch bo him vi s tin bo him
nht nh. S gii hn trch nhim bi thng ca DNBH nh vy cn gi l mc
trch nhim.
S tin bo him l s tin m doanh nghip bo him phi tr cho ngi c
bo him theo tho thun trong hp ng bo him.
iu 55 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Trong phm vi s tin bo him, doanh nghip bo him phi tr cho ngi
c bo him nhng khon tin m theo quy nh ca php lut ngi c bo
him c trch nhim bi thng cho ngi th ba.
2. Ngoi vic tr tin bi thng theo quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny, doanh
nghip bo him cn phi tr cc chi ph lin quan n vic gii quyt tranh chp
v trch nhim i vi ngi th ba v li phi tr cho ngi th ba do ngi
c bo him chm tr tin bi thng theo ch dn ca doanh nghip bo him.
3. Tng s tin bi thng ca doanh nghip bo him quy nh ti khon 1 v
khon 2 iu ny khng vt qu s tin bo him, tr trng hp c tho thun
khc trong hp ng bo him.
4. Trong trng hp ngi c bo him phi ng tin bo lnh hoc k qu
bo m cho ti sn khng b lu gi hoc trnh vic khi kin ti to n th
theo yu cu ca ngi c bo him, doanh nghip bo him phi thc hin
vic bo lnh hoc k qu trong phm vi s tin bo him.
V trch nhim bi thng thit hi nhiu khi pht sinh rt ln nn doanh nghip
bo him v khch hng tham gia bo him c th gii hn s tin phi bi thng
ca doanh nghip bo him bng s tin bo him nht nh.

Cu hi 68. DNBH c quyn i din cho khch mua hng bo him


thng lng vi bn th ba (ngi b thit hi) hay khng?
Tr li:
DNBH c th l ngi thay mt cho khch hng mua bo him bi thng thit
hi cho ngi th ba. V vy DNBH c th thay mt khch hng mua bo him
thng lng vi ngi th ba. Hn na, vic thay mt ny lm cho thng lng
d dng hn. iu 56 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Doanh nghip bo him c quyn thay mt bn mua bo him thng lng
vi ngi th ba v mc bi thng thit hi, tr trng hp c tho thun
khc trong hp ng bo him
Thng l doanh nghip bo him lun x l nhiu v trch nhim dn s nn c
kinh nghim hn khch hng tham gia bo him trong vic gii quyt tranh chp
vi ngi th 3 b thit hi do li ca khch hng gy ra.

Cu hi 69. DNBH c th tr tin bo him cho ngi th ba khi cha c s


ng ca khch hng hay khng?
Tr li:
DNBH khng th t tr tin cho ngi th ba nu khng c s chp thun ca
khch hng c bo him. Quy nh ti iu 57 Lut KDBH khng nh:
Theo yu cu ca ngi c bo him, doanh nghip bo him c th bi
thng trc tip cho ngi c bo him hoc cho ngi th ba b thit hi.
iu ny nhm bo v quyn v li ch khch hng trong vic thng lng, ho
gii, chp thun v bi thng thit hi cho ngi th 3. Nhiu khi Lut quy nh
nu li nng hoc nu khng bi thng y cho ngi th 3 th khch hng c
th b truy t theo Lut hnh s. Mt khc, doanh nghip bo him ch bo him
trong phm vi s tin bo him nht nh nn c trng hp doanh nghip bo
him ch bi thng mt phn thit hi ni trn (trong phm vi s tin bo him)
cn li khch hng phi gnh chu.

8. NHNG QUY NH V I L BO HIM

Cu hi 70. i l bo him l g, h hot ng nh th no?


Tr li:
iu 84 Lut KDBH quy nh i l l ngi a sn phm bo him n tn tay
ngi c yu cu bo him. H hot ng trong phm vi y quyn ca DNBH
c th hin trong hp ng i l k kt gia DNBH v i l bo him:
i l bo him l t chc, c nhn c doanh nghip bo him u quyn trn
c s hp ng i l bo him thc hin hot ng i l bo him theo quy
nh ca Lut ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan.
iu 85 Lut KDBH quy nh:

i l bo him c th c doanh nghip bo him u quyn tin hnh cc hot


ng sau y:
1. Gii thiu, cho bn bo him;
2. Thu xp vic giao kt hp ng bo him;
3. Thu ph bo him;
4. Thu xp gii quyt bi thng, tr tin bo him khi xy ra s kin bo him;
5. Thc hin cc hot ng khc c lin quan n vic thc hin hp ng bo
him.
Nh vy, i l bo him hot ng nhn danh doanh nghip bo him v mang li
li ch cho doanh nghip bo him nhng ch c lm nhng cng vic m doanh
nghip bo him cho php c nu trong hp ng i l bo him.
Cu hi 71. Mun hot ng i l bo him cn c iu kin g m bo
va bn c bo him va m bo c quyn v li ch ca doanh nghip
bo him cng nh quyn v li ch ca khch hng?
Tr li:
Hot ng i l l hot ng c iu kin. Ch c ngi p ng y cc iu
kin quy nh ca php lut mi c hot ng i l. iu 86 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. C nhn hot ng i l bo him phi c cc iu kin sau y:
a) L cng dn Vit Nam thng tr ti Vit Nam;
b) T 18 tui tr ln, c nng lc hnh vi dn s y ;
c) C chng ch o to i l bo him do doanh nghip bo him hoc Hip hi
bo him Vit Nam cp.
2. T chc hot ng i l bo him phi c cc iu kin sau y:
a) L t chc c thnh lp v hot ng hp php;
b) Nhn vin trong t chc i l trc tip thc hin hot ng i l bo him
phi c cc iu kin quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.
3. Ngi ang b truy cu trch nhim hnh s hoc ang phi chp hnh hnh
pht t hoc b To n tc quyn hnh ngh vi phm cc ti theo quy nh ca
php lut khng c k kt hp ng i l bo him.
Khch hng c th kim tra t cch i l bng vic yu cu i l xut trnh hp
ng i l hoc chng ch o to i l.

Cu hi 72. Trch nhim ca DNBH v i l bo him khi gy thit hi n


quyn, li ch hp php ca khch hng c bo him?
Tr li:
i l bo him hot ng theo s y quyn ca DNBH. V vy hnh vi ca i l
gy thit hi n quyn li, li ch hp php ca khch hng tham gia bo him
vn thuc v trch nhim ca DNBH. Tuy nhin, sau DNBH s c km theo
bin php x l thch hp vi i l vi phm. iu 88 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Trong trng hp i l bo him vi phm hp ng i l bo him, gy thit
hi n quyn, li ch hp php ca khch hng c bo him th doanh nghip
bo him vn phi chu trch nhim v hp ng bo him do i l bo him thu
xp giao kt; i l bo him c trch nhim bi hon cho doanh nghip bo him
cc khon tin m doanh nghip bo him bi thng cho ngi c bo
him.
Nh vy, i l do v tnh hay hu gy thit hi n quyn v li ch ca khch
hng th ngi chu trch nhim vn l doanh nghip bo him. Sau doanh
nghip bo him s x l i l l vic ca doanh nghip bo him.
Cu hi 73. Nguyn tc hot ng i l bo him c quy nh nh th no
tn trng quyn v li ch ca khch hng?
Tr li:
Cn b ca DNBH khng c lm i l cho chnh DNBH ca mnh. i l bo
him khng c lm i l bo him ng thi ti nhiu doanh nghip khc
nhau. iu 28 Ngh nh 45 quy nh:

1. T chc, c nhn hot ng i l bo him phi c iu kin hot


ng i l theo quy nh ti iu 86 ca Lut Kinh doanh bo him v phi k
hp ng i l bo him theo quy nh ti iu 87 ca Lut Kinh doanh bo
him.

2. Cn b, nhn vin ca doanh nghip bo him khng c lm i l bo


him cho chnh doanh nghip bo him .

3. T chc, c nhn khng c ng thi lm i l cho doanh nghip bo


him khc nu khng c chp thun bng vn bn ca doanh nghip bo him
m mnh ang lm i l.

4. i l bo him khng c xi gic khch hng hu b hp ng bo him


ang c hiu lc di mi hnh thc.

Nhng quy nh trn nhm m bo quyn v li ch chnh ng ca khch hng


v hn ch hot ng cnh tranh bt hp php ca i l.

Cu hi 74. Chng trnh c bn o to i l bo him bt buc phi c


nhng ni dung g?
Tr li:
i l bo him phi tri qua chng trnh o to c bn vi nhng ni dung ch
yu c quy nh ti Lut KDBH. iu 32 Ngh nh 45 quy nh:

Chng trnh o to i l bo him bao gm cc ni dung ch yu sau:

1. Kin thc chung v bo him;

2. Trch nhim ca i l, o c hnh ngh i l;

3. Php lut v kinh doanh bo him;

4. Ni dung ca sn phm bo him doanh nghip bo him c php kinh


doanh;

5. K nng bn bo him;
6. Quyn v ngha v ca doanh nghip bo him, i l bo him trong hot
ng i l bo him;

7. Thc hnh hnh ngh i l bo him.

V bo him v sn phm bo him l mt dch v tru tng. i l bn bo


him cn c mt kin thc nht nh mi c th thuyt trnh, gii thch, t vn cho
khch hng mua bo him.

Cu hi 75. iu kin c cp php o to i l bo him nh th no?


Tr li:
Ch c nhng c s o to i l c iu kin c quy nh ti Lut KDBH
mi c cp php o to i l bo him. iu 31 N 45 quy nh r:

1. T chc o to i l bo him phi p ng cc iu kin sau y:

a) C chng trnh o to quy nh ti iu 32 Ngh nh ny;

b) Cn b o to i l bo him phi c kin thc chuyn mn v bo


him, kin thc php lut v k nng s phm;

c) C c s vt cht bo m cho vic o to.

2. T chc o to i l bo him phi c vn bn ngh B Ti chnh ph


chun chng trnh o to i l bo him, km theo ti liu gii trnh v kin
thc ca cn b o to i l bo him v c s vt cht bo m cho vic o
to. Trong thi hn 30 ngy, k t ngy nhn c vn bn ngh v h s hp
l ca t chc o to i l bo him, B Ti chnh phi tr li bng vn bn
vic chp thun hoc t chi chp thun. Trong trng hp t chi chp thun,
B Ti chnh phi c vn bn gii thch l do.

Cu hi 76. Ch qun l nh nc v o to i l bo him nh th no?


Tr li:
B Ti chnh l c quan qun l Nh nc c trch nhim kim tra gim st, cp
php, thu hi giy php o to i l bo him. C s c php o to i l
bo him phi thc hin ch bo co theo quy nh. iu 33 N 45 quy nh:

1. B Ti chnh c trch nhim kim tra gim st hot ng o to i l


bo him. Trng hp t chc o to i l bo him khng p ng cc iu
kin o to i l bo him quy nh ti iu 32 Ngh nh ny, B Ti chnh s
nh ch hot ng ca t chc o to i l bo him.
2. Hng nm, t chc o to i l bo him phi bo co B Ti chnh v
s lng kho o to t chc, s lng i l o to, s lng chng ch
cp trong nm.

Cu hi 77. Cc hnh vi b nghim cm i vi i l bo him nh th no


m bo li ch cho khch hng?
Tr li:
m bo quyn li ca khch hng, lut php nghim cm i l bo him c
nhng hnh vi lm tn hi n li ch ca khch hng v cnh tranh khng lnh
mnh. im 3, Mc V v i l bo him trong TT 98 quy nh r:
3.1. Thng tin, qung co sai s tht v ni dung, phm vi hot ng ca doanh
nghip bo him; iu kin v iu khon bo him lm tn hi n quyn, li ch
hp php ca bn mua bo him;
3.2. Ngn cn bn mua bo him cung cp cc thng tin lin quan n hp ng
bo him hoc xi gic bn mua bo him khng k khai cc chi tit lin quan n
hp ng bo him;
3.3. Tranh ginh khch hng di cc hnh thc ngn cn, li ko, mua chuc, e
da nhn vin hoc khch hng ca doanh nghip bo him, i l bo him,
doanh nghip mi gii bo him khc;
3.4. Khuyn mi khch hng di hnh thc bt hp php nh ha hn gim ph
bo him, hon ph bo him hoc cc quyn li khc m doanh nghip bo him
khng cung cp cho khch hng.
3.5. Xi gic bn mua bo him hy b hp ng bo him hin c mua hp
ng bo him mi.

9. NHNG QUY NH V MI GII BO HIM

Cu hi 78. C nhn c c lm mi gii khng, ni dung hot ng mi


gii bo him c php lut quy nh nh th no m bo li ch cho
khch hng?
Tr li:
C nhn khng c php hnh ngh mi gii bo him. Ch c doanh nghip mi
gii bo him c B Ti chnh cp php mi c lm mi gii bo him.
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi hot ng theo nhng ni dung c quy
nh ca Lut KDBH.iu 89 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him l doanh nghip thc hin hot ng mi gii
bo him theo quy nh ca Lut ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin
quan.
iu 90 Lut KDBH cng quy nh v ni dung hot ng mi gii bo him:
Ni dung hot ng mi gii bo him bao gm:
1. Cung cp thng tin v loi hnh bo him, iu kin, iu khon, ph bo him,
doanh nghip bo him cho bn mua bo him;
2. T vn cho bn mua bo him trong vic nh gi ri ro, la chn loi hnh
bo him, iu kin, iu khon, biu ph bo him, doanh nghip bo him;
3. m phn, thu xp giao kt hp ng bo him gia doanh nghip bo him v
bn mua bo him;
4. Thc hin cc cng vic khc c lin quan n vic thc hin hp ng bo
him theo yu cu ca bn mua bo him.

Cu hi 79. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him c quyn v ngha v g lin


quan n quyn v li ch ca doanh nghip bo him v ca khch hng?
Tr li:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him l ngi t vn khng lng cho khch hng c
nhu cu bo him nhng li c b p tin lng ny bng hoa hng mi gii
do DNBH chi tr. Khng v thu c hoa hng mi gii cao m doanh nghip mi
gii bo him tm cch t vn sai cho khch hng mua bo him vi ph cao hoc
ch mua bo him ca DNBH tr hoa hng mi gii cao. Nu pht hin ra vic
ny, khch hng c th kin cng ty mi gii bo him, nht l trng hp mua
bo him m khng c gii quyt bi thng cho nhng ri ro tn tht c bo
him. iu 91 Lut KDBH quy nh:
1. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him c hng hoa hng mi gii bo him.
Hoa hng mi gii bo him c tnh trong ph bo him.
2. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him c ngha v:
a) Thc hin vic mi gii trung thc;
b) Khng c tit l, cung cp thng tin lm thit hi n quyn, li ch hp
php ca bn mua bo him;
c) Bi thng thit hi cho bn mua bo him do hot ng mi gii bo him gy
ra.

Cu hi 80. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him c phi mua bo him trch


nhim ngh nghip cho hot ng mi gii bo him khng v ngha ca
vic ny?
Tr li:
y l iu bt buc vi doanh nghip mi gii bo him nu cn b mi gii non
yu v ngh nghip dn n t vn sai cho khch hng chn sn phm bo him
khng bo v nhng ri ro tn tht hoc la chn DNBH khng kh nng
bi thng. iu 92 Lut KDBH nu r:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi mua bo him trch nhim ngh nghip
cho hot ng mi gii bo him ti doanh nghip bo him hot ng Vit
Nam.
Nu cn b mua bo him trch nhim ngh nghip khi t vn cho khch hng la
chn sn phm bo him vi nhng iu kin, iu khon bo him khng y
, khng c gii quyt bi thng hoc t vn cho khch hng la chn doanh
nghip bo him khng kh nng ti chnh gii quyt bi thng nhanh gn
th doanh nghip mi gii bo him phi bi thng cho khch hng.

Cu hi 81. Nguyn tc hot ng mi gii bo him, i l bo him?


Tr li:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him cn phi hiu c tng sn phm bo him ca
tng DNBH v hiu c kh nng nhn bo him; kh nng ti chnh ca DNBH
cng nh uy tn ca h hng dn cho khch hng la chn sn phm bo him
no, doanh nghip bo him no tham gia bo him.
Ti Mc VI im 1 TT 98 quy nh chi tit:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him ch c t vn, gii thiu cho bn mua bo
him cc quy tc, iu khon, biu ph bo him c B Ti chnh ban hnh,
ph chun hoc doanh nghip bo him ng k vi B Ti chnh.

Cu hi 82. Nhim v ca mi gii bo him, i l bo him?


Tr li:
Doanh nghip mi gii bo him, i l bo him l trung gian gia khch hng
v DNBH, ng gp tch cc vo khu phn phi sn phm bo him, c hng
hoa hng mi gii bo him t DNBH, c khch hng tin cy y thc cho vic
giao dch vi DNBH nn nhim v rt nng n. iu 18 khon 2,3,4 N 45 quy
nh:

..2. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him hng dn, t vn cho khch hng
tham gia bo him theo yu cu ca khch hng.

3. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him, i l bo him c ngha v:

a) Gii thch trung thc cc thng tin v sn phm bo him bn mua bo


him hiu r sn phm bo him d nh mua;

b) Khng c tit l, cung cp thng tin lm thit hi n quyn, li ch


hp php ca bn mua bo him.
4. Doanh nghip mi gii bo him, i l bo him khng c tc ng
bn mua bo him cung cp sai lch hoc khng cung cp cc thng tin cn thit
cho doanh nghip bo him.

10. NHNG QUY NH V QUN L NH NC V HOT NG


KINH DOANH BO HIM

Cu hi 83. Nh nc qun l hot ng KDBH nh th no?


Tr li:
Ni dung qun l hot ng KDBH ca Nh nc va m bo qun l, x l cht
ch nhng vn , ang v s pht sinh trong hot ng kinh doanh bo him,
va m bo to mi trng php l, mi trng kinh doanh thun li cho DNBH
v th trng bo him pht trin. iu 120 Lut KDBH quy nh:
Ni dung qun l nh nc v kinh doanh bo him bao gm:
1. Ban hnh v hng dn thc hin cc vn bn quy phm php lut v kinh
doanh bo him; xy dng chin lc, quy hoch, k hoch v chnh sch pht
trin th trng bo him Vit Nam;
2. Cp v thu hi giy php thnh lp v hot ng ca doanh nghip bo him,
doanh nghip mi gii bo him; giy php t vn phng i din ca doanh
nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him nc ngoi ti Vit Nam;
3. Ban hnh, ph chun, hng dn thc hin quy tc, iu khon, biu ph, hoa
hng bo him;
4. p dng cc bin php cn thit doanh nghip bo him bo m cc yu
cu v ti chnh v thc hin nhng cam kt vi bn mua bo him;
5. T chc thng tin v d bo tnh hnh th trng bo him;
6. Hp tc quc t trong lnh vc bo him;
7. Chp thun vic doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him hot
ng nc ngoi;
8. Qun l hot ng ca vn phng i din ca doanh nghip bo him, doanh
nghip mi gii bo him nc ngoi ti Vit Nam;
9. T chc vic o to, xy dng i ng cn b qun l v chuyn mn, nghip
v v bo him;
10. Thanh tra, kim tra hot ng kinh doanh bo him; gii quyt khiu ni, t
co v x l vi phm php lut v kinh doanh bo him.

Cu hi 84. Vic phn cp qun l Nh nc v qun l hot ng KDBH


gia Chnh ph, cn b v tnh nh th no?
Tr li:
Cc c quan qun l Nh nc c phn cp r rng trong vic thc hin ch
qun l Nh nc v hot ng kinh doanh bo him. iu 121 Lut KDBH quy
nh:
1. Chnh ph thng nht qun l nh nc v kinh doanh bo him.
2. B Ti chnh chu trch nhim trc Chnh ph thc hin qun l nh nc v
kinh doanh bo him.
3. Cc b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph trong phm vi nhim v,
quyn hn ca mnh c trch nhim qun l nh nc v kinh doanh bo him
theo quy nh ca php lut.
4. y ban nhn dn cc cp trong phm vi nhim v, quyn hn ca mnh thc
hin qun l nh nc v kinh doanh bo him ti a phng theo quy nh ca
php lut.

Cu hi 85. T chc thanh tra kim tra hot ng KDBH nh th no?


Tr li:
Vic thanh tra v kim tra hot ng kinh doanh bo him l quyn v ngha v
ca cc c quan qun l Nh nc nhm chn chnh, iu chnh li mt s vn
bt cp ny sinh trong thc t hot ng kinh doanh bo him cng nh x pht
cc hnh vi vi phm ca cc t chc c nhn trong lnh vc KDBH. iu 122 Lut
KDBH quy nh ni dung thanh kim tra hot ng KDBH nh sau:
1. Vic thanh tra hot ng ca doanh nghip kinh doanh bo him phi c
thc hin ng chc nng, ng thm quyn v tun th quy nh ca php lut.
Vic thanh tra v ti chnh c thc hin khng qu mt ln trong mt nm i
vi mt doanh nghip. Thi hn thanh tra ti a khng qu 30 ngy, trong trng
hp c bit thi hn thanh tra c gia hn theo quyt nh ca c quan cp
trn c thm quyn, nhng thi gian gia hn khng c qu 30 ngy.
Vic thanh tra bt thng ch c thc hin khi c cn c v s vi phm php
lut ca doanh nghip.
2. Khi tin hnh thanh tra phi c quyt nh ca ngi c thm quyn; khi kt
thc thanh tra phi c bin bn kt lun thanh tra. Trng on thanh tra chu
trch nhim v ni dung bin bn v kt lun thanh tra.
3. Ngi ra quyt nh thanh tra khng ng php lut hoc li dng thanh tra
v li, sch nhiu, gy phin h cho hot ng ca doanh nghip th tu theo mc
vi phm m b x l k lut hoc b truy cu trch nhim hnh s; nu gy thit
hi th phi bi thng cho doanh nghip theo quy nh ca php lut.
Cu hi 86. Nu hot ng sai ni dung c quy nh trong Giy php thnh
lp v hot ng, giy php t Vn phng i din, B Ti chnh c nhng
ch ti nh th no?
Tr li:

Theo iu 5 Ngh inh 118 x pht hnh chnh cc hnh vi vi phm trong lnh vc
kinh doanh bo him:

1. Pht cnh co hoc pht tin t 1.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi


mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Khng cng b hoc cng b sai s tht ni dung hot ng theo cc quy nh
ca php lut c lin quan;

b) Khng hot ng sau 12 thng k t ngy c cp Giy php;

c) Chm cng b so vi thi hn quy nh cc ni dung thay i c chp


thun theo quy nh ti iu 69 ca Lut Kinh doanh bo him.

2. Pht tin t 1.000.000 ng n 3.000.000 ng i vi hnh vi cho thu, cho


mn Giy php thnh lp v hot ng, Giy php t vn phng i din.

3. Pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng hnh


vi sau y:

a) Thu, mn, chuyn nhng Giy php thnh lp v hot ng hoc Giy php
t Vn phng i din;

b) Ty xo, sa cha Giy php thnh lp v hot ng hoc Giy php t Vn


phng i din;

c) Kinh doanh hoc hot ng khng ng ni dung ghi trong Giy php thnh
lp v hot ng hoc Giy php t Vn phng i din;

d) Tip tc hot ng, kinh doanh khi b nh ch hot ng kinh doanh hoc
b thu hi Giy php thnh lp v hot ng hoc Giy php t Vn phng
i din.

4. Pht tin t 5.000.000 ng n 10.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng hnh


vi sau y:

a) Kinh doanh bo him, kinh doanh mi gii bo him khng c Giy php;

b) Nhn dch v mi gii bo him do doanh nghip mi gii bo him nc


ngoi khng c php hot ng ti Vit Nam cung cp.
5. Hnh thc x pht b sung

Tc quyn s dng Giy php thnh lp v hot ng, Giy php t Vn phng
i din i vi nhng hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im b khon 1;
khon 2; im b v im c khon 3 iu ny.

6. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu

Buc cng b ni dung hot ng hoc nh chnh cc ni dung hot ng


cng b sai s tht i vi nhng hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im a
khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 87. Nhng hnh vi no c coi l vi phm cc quy nh v tr s


lm vic, thnh lp, gii th doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii
v nu vi phm s b x pht nh th no?
Tr li:
iu 6 Ngh nh 118 quy nh r cc hnh vi vi phm v ch ti pht khi vi
phm:
1. Pht tin t 1.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi hnh vi m, chm dt
hot ng, thay i a im t tr s chnh, chi nhnh, Vn phng i din ca
doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him m cha c s chp
thun bng vn bn ca B Ti chnh.

2. Pht tin t 15.000.000 ng n 20.000.000 ng i vi vic chia, tch, hp


nht, sp nhp, mua li, gii th, chuyn i hnh thc doanh nghip ca doanh
nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him m cha c B Ti chnh
chp thun bng vn bn.

3. Hnh thc x pht b sung:

Tc quyn s dng Giy php thnh lp v hot ng i vi nhng hnh vi vi


phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny.

4. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu

Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do vi phm hnh chnh quy
nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny gy ra.

Cu hi 88. Nhng vi phm v qun tr, iu hnh, kim sot s b x pht


nh th no?
Tr li:
Vic b nhim cc cn b gi chc v ch cht ti cc doanh nghip bo him
phi c B Ti chnh ph duyt. Ngh nh 118 iu 7 quy nh mc pht v
vic b nhim cc chc v m cha c s chp thun ca B Ti chnh nh sau:
Pht tin t 1.000.000 ng n 3.000.000 ng i vi hnh vi thay i Ch
tch Hi ng qun tr, Tng Gim c (Gim c) khi cha c s chp thun
bng vn bn ca B Ti chnh.

Cu hi 89. Nhng vi phm v thay i tn gi, mc vn, ni dung phm vi


hot ng s b x pht nh th no?
Tr li:
Thay i tn gi, mc vn v ni dung phm vi hot ng s nh hng n ni
dung hot ng v kh nng ti chnh ca cc doanh nghip bo him, gy kh
khn cho cc c quan chc nng Nh nc trong vic kim tra gim st hot ng
bo him. Ngh nh 118 iu 8 quy nh r ch ti v hnh thc x pht i vi
nhng vi phm ny nh sau:
1. Pht tin t 3.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi vic thay i tn ca
doanh nghip bo him, doanh nghip mi gii bo him m cha c B Ti
chnh chp thun bng vn bn.

2. Pht tin t 10.000.000 ng n 15.000.000 ng do thay i mt trong nhng


ni dung sau y m cha c B Ti chnh chp thun bng vn bn:

a) Mc vn iu l;

b) Ni dung, phm vi v thi gian hot ng;

c) Chuyn nhng c phn, phn vn gp chim 10% s vn iu l tr ln.

3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

a) Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny;

b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu
ny.

Cu hi 90. Vi phm quy nh v chuyn giao hp ng bo him?


Tr li:
Ngh nh 118 iu 9 quy nh r vic cc hnh vi chuyn giao hp ng m
khng tun th cc quy nh c th nh sau:
1. Pht tin t 10.000.000 ng n 15.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng
hnh vi sau y:

a) Tin hnh vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him khi khng p ng y cc


iu kin ca vic chuyn giao theo quy nh ca php lut;

b) Tin hnh vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him khi cha c B Ti chnh


chp thun bng vn bn;

c) Khng cng b v thng bo vic chuyn giao hp ng bo him cho bn mua


bo him bng vn bn theo cc quy nh ca php lut.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu

a) Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny;

b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 91. Cnh tranh bt hp php l g?


Tr li:
Cnh tranh bt hp php l hnh vi gy nh hng xu n hot ng ca th
trng bo him. Ngh nh 118 iu 10 quy nh r v nhng hnh vi cnh tranh
khng lnh mnh nh sau:
1. Pht tin t 10.000.000 ng n 20.000.000 ng i vi c nhn, t chc c
mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Thng tin, qung co sai s tht v ni dung, phm vi hot ng, iu kin bo
him lm tn hi n quyn v li ch hp php ca bn mua bo him, hoc ca
doanh nghip bo him khc;

b) Tranh ginh khch hng di cc hnh thc ngn cn, li ko, mua chuc, e
da nhn vin hoc khch hng ca doanh nghip bo him, i l bo him,
doanh nghip mi gii bo him khc;

c) Khuyn mi bt hp php;

d) Tho thun hn ch cnh tranh gy thit hi cho quyn li ca bn mua bo


him.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:


a) Buc ci chnh theo hnh thc v th tc do php lut quy nh i vi cc
hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im a khon 1 iu ny;

b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 92 . p buc giao kt hp ng bo him tri lut?


Tr li:
iu 11 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Cnh co hoc pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi hnh
vi p buc mua bo him, s dng dch v mi gii bo him, mi gii ti bo
him di mi hnh thc.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

a) Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny;

b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 93. Vi phm quy nh v bo him bt buc?


Tr li:
iu 12 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Cnh co hoc pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi mt
trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Doanh nghip bo him c kinh doanh bo him bt buc t chi bn bo


him bt buc cho c nhn, t chc c nhu cu mua bo him bt buc;

b) Doanh nghip mi gii bo him khng thc hin ngha v mua bo him trch
nhim ngh nghip cho hot ng mi gii bo him ti doanh nghip bo him
hot ng Vit Nam.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot ng


i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.
Cu hi 94. Vi phm cc quy nh v ti bo him bt buc s b x pht nh
th no?
Tr li:
iu 13 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Cnh co hoc pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi c
nhn, t chc c mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Doanh nghip bo him khng thc hin ngha v ti bo him bt buc theo
quy nh ca php lut;

b) T chi nhn ti bo him bt buc ton b hoc mt phn theo quy nh ca


php lut.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot ng


i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 95. Tham gia bo him ti nc ngoi tri php?


Tr li:
iu 14 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
Pht tin t 5.000.000 ng n 10.000.000 ng i vi c nhn, t chc c mt
trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

1. Mua bo him ca doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi khng c tr s Vit


Nam hoc ca doanh nghip bo him nc ngoi kinh doanh bo him ti Vit
Nam tri vi cc quy nh ca php lut;

2. p buc c nhn, t chc khc tham gia bo him ti nc ngoi tri vi cc


quy nh ca php lut.

Cu hi 96. X pht cc hnh vi trc li trong vic tham gia bo him, bi


thng bo him, tr tin bo him, gii quyt khiu ni bo him c quy
nh nh th no?
Tr li:
Cc hnh vi v hnh thc x pht i vi nhng hnh vi ny c quy nh r ti
iu 15 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Cnh co hoc pht tin t 1.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi c
nhn, t chc c hnh vi trc li nhn tin bi thng, tin bo him.
2. Pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 10.000.000 ng i vi cn b, nhn vin ca
doanh nghip bo him, i l bo him hay doanh nghip mi gii bo him c
mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Yu cu ngi th hng quyn li bo him tr th lao, hay cc quyn li vt


cht khc tri php lut trong qu trnh gii quyt bi thng, tr tin bo him;

b) ng lo vi ngi th hng quyn li bo him gii quyt bi thng bo


him, tr tin bo him tri php lut.

3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do cc hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny.

Cu hi 97. Nhng vi phm v b mt hot ng kinh doanh bo him c


quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
iu 16 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
Cnh co hoc pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi doanh
nghip bo him, cn b, nhn vin hay i l bo him ca doanh nghip bo
him c hnh vi tit l b mt, thng tin c lin quan n vic giao kt, thc hin,
chm dt hp ng bo him.

Cu hi 98. Nhng vi phm cc quy inh v s dng iu khon, quy tc,


biu ph, hoa hng bo him?
Tr li:
iu 17 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Pht tin t 5.000.000 ng n 10.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng
hnh vi sau y:

a) Doanh nghip bo him s dng cc quy tc, iu khon m cha ng k vi


B Ti chnh hay khng tun th quy tc, iu khon, biu ph bo him, do B
Ti chnh ph chun, ban hnh;

b) Doanh nghip bo him tr hoa hng bo him cao hn t l hay tr hoa hng
bo him khng ng i tng theo quy nh php lut;

c) Doanh nghip mi gii bo him thc hin vic t vn, gii thiu cho bn mua
bo him cc quy tc, iu khon, biu ph bo him cha c B Ti chnh ban
hnh, ph chun hoc cha c ng k vi B Ti chnh.
2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

a) Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do cc hnh vi vi phm


hnh chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny;

b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 99. Nhng vi phm cc quy nh v tuyn dng, o to, s dng v


hot ng ca i l bo him c quy nh nh th no?
Tr li:
iu 18 Ngh nh 118 quy nh nhng hnh vi vi phm c th trong hot ng
o to, s dng hot ng ca i l bo him l:
1. Cnh co hoc pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi mt
trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Khng tun th cc quy nh v o to i l bo him, tuyn dng, s dng


i l bo him khng iu kin hot ng i l bo him, khng c chng ch
i l, khng k kt hp ng i l bo him;

b) C nhn hot ng i l m khng c cc iu kin quy nh ti iu 86


ca Lut Kinh doanh bo him;

c) i l bo him cung cp thng tin sai s tht nhm mc ch la di bn mua


bo him.

2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu

Buc khi phc li tnh trng ban u b thay i do cc hnh vi vi phm hnh
chnh gy ra c quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 100. Vi phm quy nh v vn v k qu?


Tr li:
iu 18 Ngh nh 118 quy nh v x pht cc hnh vi vi phm v vn v k qu
nh sau:
1. Pht cnh co i vi mt trong nhng hnh vi sau y:

a) Khng m bo tin gp vn theo quy nh ti iu l;

b) Khng np hoc khng np tin k qu theo ng quy nh.


2. Pht tin t 10.000.000 ng n 20.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng
hnh vi sau y:

a) Khng duy tr mc vn iu l ng ti thiu bng mc vn php nh;

b) S dng tin k qu tri vi quy nh ca php lut.

3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:

a) Buc b sung vn iu l ti thiu bng mc vn php nh i vi hnh vi vi


phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im a khon 2 iu ny;

b) Buc b sung tin k qu hoc np tin k qu theo qui nh ca php lut;

c) Buc thu hi s tin k qu s dng tri quy nh i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh


chnh quy nh ti im b khon 2 iu ny;

d) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu
ny.

Cu hi 101. Th no l vi phm quy nh v d tr bt buc, trch lp, qun


l v s dng d phng nghip v v mc x pht c th ca nhng vi phm
ny?
Tr li:
iu 20 Ngh nh 118 quy nh v nhng hnh vi v mc pht c th i vi
nhng vi phm quy nh v d tr bt buc, trch lp qun l v s dng qu d
phng nghip v nh sau:
1. Pht cnh co i vi hnh vi khng ng k phng php trch lp d phng
nghip v vi B Ti chnh ca doanh nghip bo him.

2. Pht tin t 20.000.000 ng n 30.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng


hnh vi sau y:

a) Khng trch lp hoc trch lp khng d phng nghip v theo quy nh;

b) Khng tun th phng php trch lp d phng nghip v ng k vi B


Ti chnh;

c) Khng trch lp hoc trch lp khng d tr bt buc theo quy nh;

d) S dng qu d tr bt buc, d phng nghip v khng ng quy nh.

3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:


a) Buc trch lp y d phng nghip v, d tr bt buc theo quy nh ca
php lut i vi cc hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im a, b, c khon
2 iu ny;

b) Thu hi s tin d phng nghip v, d tr bt buc s dng khng ng theo


quy nh php lut i vi hnh vi vi phm quy nh ti im d, khon 2 iu ny;

c) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot


ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu
ny.

Cu hi 102. Vi phm cc quy nh v u t vn?


Tr li:
Kinh doanh bo him l ngnh kinh doanh c iu kin, v vy c quan Nh nc
s c nhng quy nh cht ch m bo s an ton trong cc hot ng kinh
doanh ca doanh nghip bo him trong c quy nh cht ch v vn v u t
vn ca doanh nghip bo him, m bo quyn li ca ngi tham gia bo him.
iu 21 Ngh nh 118 quy nh x pht i vi nhng hnh vi vi phm cc quy
nh v u t vn nh sau:
1. Pht tin t 20.000.000 ng n 30.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng
hnh vi sau y:
a) u t ngoi cc lnh vc c php u t theo quy nh ca php lut;
b) u t qu t l c php vo mi danh mc u t;
c) S dng ngun vn d phng nghip v u t ra nc ngoi;
d) S dng cc ngun vn u t tri vi quy nh ca php lut
2. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:
a) Buc khi phc li hot ng u t theo ng qui nh ca php lut;
b) Thu hi s tin u t tri vi cc quy nh ca php lut i vi cc hnh vi vi
phm hnh chnh quy nh ti im d khon 1 iu ny;
c) nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot
ng i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny.

Cu hi 103. Vi phm cc quy nh v an ton ti chnh trong hot ng ca


doanh nghip bo him s b x pht theo quy nh no?
Tr li:
Theo iu 22 Ngh nh 118 quy nh:
1. Pht tin t 20.000.000 ng n 30.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng
hnh vi sau y:
a) Khng bo co kp thi vi B Ti chnh khi doanh nghip c nguy c mt kh
nng thanh ton;
b) Khng tun th ng thi hn xy dng v thc hin phng n khi phc kh
nng thanh ton, cng c t chc v hot ng ca doanh nghip;
c) Khng thc hin yu cu ca B Ti chnh v vic khi phc kh nng thanh
ton.
2. Pht tin t 50.000.000 ng n 70.000.000 ng i vi doanh nghip bo
him khng duy tr kh nng thanh ton vo bt k thi im no trong qu trnh
hot ng.
3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:
a) Buc khi phc kh nng thanh ton theo quy nh ca php lut i vi cc
hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny;
b) nh ch hot ng c thi hn, thu hp ni dung, phm vi, a bn hot ng
i vi cc hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu
ny.

Cu hi 104. Nhng vi phm v qun l thng tin, bo co hot ng kinh


doanh bo him l nhng hnh vi c th no?
Tr li:
iu 23 Ngh nh 118 quy nh cc hnh vi vi phm v qun l thng tin nh sau:
Cc hnh vi vi phm v vic x l cc vi phm hnh chnh trong ch k ton,
bo co, cung cp thng tin lin quan n hot ng kinh doanh bo him c
thc hin theo quy nh v x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc k ton.

Cu hi 105. Cc hnh vi vi phm cc quy nh v thanh tra, kim tra v


gim st ca c quan Nh nc c thm quyn s b x l nh th no?
Tr li: iu 24 Ngh nh 118 quy nh x pht cc hnh vi vi phm v thanh
kim tra v gim st ca c quan Nh nc c thm quyn nh sau:
1. Pht cnh co i vi hnh vi tr hon, ln trnh, hoc khng cung cp ti
liu, s liu theo yu cu ca c quan thanh tra, on thanh tra, c quan nh
nc c thm quyn trong qu trnh thanh tra, kim tra, gim st; hoc c th
on i ph vi thanh tra vin, cn b ca c quan nh nc c thm quyn
ang thi hnh nhim v.
2. Pht tin t 2.000.000 ng n 5.000.000 ng i vi mt trong nhng hnh
vi sau y:
a) Khng chp hnh quyt nh x l ca c quan thanh tra, c quan Nh nc c
thm quyn;
b) Can thip vo vic x l ca c quan thanh tra, c quan Nh nc c thm
quyn;
c) Giu dim, sa cha chng t, s sch hoc thay i tang vt trong khi ang b
thanh tra;
d) T tho b, di chuyn hoc c hnh vi khc lm thay i hin trng nim
phong: kho, qu, s sch, chng t k ton, h s bo him hoc cc tang vt
ang b nim phong, tm gi.
3. p dng cc bin php khc phc hu qu:
nh ch hot ng c thi hn; thu hp ni dung, phm vi v a bn hot ng
i vi hnh vi vi phm hnh chnh quy nh ti khon 1 v khon 2 iu ny.

You might also like