Design And Hardware Implimentation Of A High

Efficiency Single Transformer-Less Inverter

V. N Vishal Vinay V.N

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg. Dept. Of Mechanical Engg.
Government College Of Engineering, Kannur Government College Of Engineering, Thrissur
Kannur, India Thrissur, India
vishalmaestro90@gmail.com vinayvn90@gmail.com

Abstract Present situation exploration is done on photo- utilized for altering of capability in photovoltaic cluster amid
voltaic inverters with transformer-less topologies to achieve high the zero voltage time frame, during this period T1-T4 and T2-
effectiveness. These inverters are the main segments of T3 is open$.
disseminated era framework. As of late transformer-less inverter
is having extraordinary interest for low-voltages in single-stage
network tied photovoltaic framework as it is having higher
productivity, lower cost, littler size and weight when contrasted
with inverter with transformer. In this paper a new topology is
utilized with a new ac swapping network comprising of a diode
rectifier and a switch with tapping to the dc center is used, which
will ultimately reduce the losses and improves the overall
efficiency of the transformer.

Keywords PV inverter, Transformer-less inverter,

boost converter.

I. INTRODUCTION
PV inverters$had turned out to be more boundless inside these
days world.$Right now two fundamental topology bunches Fig. 1.1 potential applied to output application, by T1 & T4
utilized as a part of in the grid associated PV frameworks amid the +ve part.
which is having and not having$disconnection inverters [1].$
Arrangements offer the well being & point interest, however here we utilized an additional diode to shield the lower DC-
entire framework will be diminished due to energy join capacitor from short-circuiting [4].$Amid +ve part,
depreciation .$The less inverter system,$ effectiveness PV switches T1-T4 are utilized for supplying a +ve potential.$The
system can be expanded by a scope of 12 percentage. gate signal for switch T5 is the integral gate signal of switches
Essential focal points of$system is its rise in performance and T1-T4, and here a little dead time is given to evade short-
littler bulky contrasted with the overall frameworks having circuiting of the input capacitor [5].
isolation separation.$Productivity of the commercial PV
boards is around 15-20% [2].$It is critical that the power
delivered by these boards is not squandered, by utilizing
wasteful power electronics systems.$The efficiency and
unwavering quality of both single-stage and three stage PV
inverter frameworks can be enhanced utilizing transformer
less topologies, yet new issues identified with spillage current
and security should be managed with[3].

A.H-Bridge Zero voltage state inverter topology

One of the best strategy for creating the no potential level

should possible utilizing two way switch$.$As shown in
Figure 2, which demonstrates the two way relay, a helper part Fig.1.2. T1 and T4 also switch on T5 amid +ve part-wave.
appeared in dark background.$The two way relay will be
clipped center of Direct current join voltage storer which is
 The no potential level is accomplished by switching B. Simulation parameters.
the switch T5, amid that period the switches T1 and T4 is put
down,which are appeared in Fig. 1.2.$The pulse of T5 is
reciprocal pulse of the other switches, and here a little dead
time is given to prevent damaging the front capacitor.$

a.

Table 1. Simulation$Parameters

C. Output voltage and current$Waveforms

Fig. 1.3: Dead-time$between turnoff of T1 and T4 and turn on

of T5 amid positive half-wave.

Amid the$other cycle of the load voltage, switches

are utilized for supplying a +ve voltage to the load and switch
T5 is balanced by utilizing the correlative sign switches T2
and T3 and it produces output by bracing them.$It is
accomplished by dynamic state will be an appropriate way
amid which the various switches is put down.$This is
appeared in Figure 1.3.
II. SIMULATION OF$TRANSFORMER-LESS INVERTER Fig. 2.2 waveforms with filter.
The simulation parameters$are: Vdc = 350 V, channel
inductor = 6.1 mH, channel capacitor = 15.6 F, F(sw) = 8
KHz, and dead-time = 2.5 s.$The input voltage given is
350v dc. At first gateway pulse is given to the switches T1-T4
amid one half and in the other half gate pulse is given to the
switches T2-T3 and the complimentary pulse is given to
switch T5.
A. Matlab simulation of Transformer-less inverter

Fig.2.3 output$voltage of inverter without filter.

Fig. 2.1: Matlab model of$Transformer-less inverter

Fig. 2.4: Switching$pulse of the inverter topology.

 B .Boost converter(24V-400V DC) Hardware setup

Boost converter is turned on with an input supply of

24V,7ah battery.The voltage was boosted to 386V and
recorded the output voltage.As appeared in Fig.3.2 the boost
converter is tested to a$40W load. Different light load was
tried and noticed and different readings was taken.
Fig. 3.3$demonstrates the different waveforms of the boost
topology.$The project will investigate the likelihood of
Fig. 2.5: THD$analysis. making a low price power electronic system.
Figure 2.1 depicts$the mat-lab simulation of the
circuit. Figure 2.2 shows with filter and Figure 2.3 without
filter.$Figure 2.4 demonstrates the switching pulse generation
and Fig. 2.5 demonstrates the THD investigation.$In Fig.2.4
the waveform 2.4(a) is the pulse given to switch T1-T4,
Fig.2.4(b) demonstrates the pulse given to the switch T2-T3
and the fig.2.4(c) demonstrates the waveform given to the
switch S5 which is a complimentary pulse.$Fig. 2.5
demonstrates the harmonics is less which is 1.33%.

III. HARDWARE PROTOTYPE OF THE

TRANSFORMER-LESS INVERTER.

A. Boost converter (24V-400V DC)

This$project will utilize a push pull boost converter topology, Figure 3.2: Hardware$Testing of 24V- 400VBoost converter
which will step up a 24Vdc voltage supply to 400Vdc output
voltage.$The outline comprises of parallel associated
MOSFET, full bridge rectifier, SG 3525A control chip for
feedback control, high frequency transformer, coupled
inductor and bulk capacitor.$The transformer is thought to be
equivalent for this examination.$The push pull transformer
design is broadly utilized as a part of changing over direct
present (d.c.) voltage into another estimation of dc voltage,
and in inverters. Inverters change over direct current into
alternating current (a.c.).$

Figure 3.3: Boost converter Output waveforms

The compels$towards the above plan is the input voltage
from alternate forms of energy is once in a while stable
subsequently the configuration of the proposed interface
needs to deliver a dc output, which is autonomous of the input
changes.

Fig. 3.1: Push Pull$boost converter Schematic.

C. Hardware Design
Fig.3.4 overall schematic of transformer-less inverter
Fig. 3.4 show the overall schematic of the transformer-less
inverter. Gate pulse are given at the points a, b and c of the
MOSFET gate. In this project I have use an IPM module and
the gate pulse as shown in Fig. 3.5 is applied at the
corresponding gate of the switches.
Fig. 3.5 Gate pulse generated by microcontroller dspic30f2010
Fig. 3.5 shows the gate pulse generated by microcontroller
dspic30f2010 which is given to the gate of the Mosfet switches
as shown in figure 3.4
Fig:3.6 shows the hardware setup of H-Bridge Inverter
Fig.3.g shows the hardware setup of the H-Bridge Inverter, but
here the results was more accurate after using the IPM module.
D. Transformer-less Inverter$hardware setup
Fig. 3.7: Complete hardware setup of transformer-less
inverter.
The 24v battery supply$is boosted to 400v volt by push pull
boost converter and successfully tested.$The 400v DC is
converted to AC by the H-bridge Module.$The gate signal is
given to the 4 switches of the H-bridge by DSPIC30F2010
microcontroller which is programmed for getting unipolar sine
pulse width modulated gate signal with switching frequency
greater than 20kHz, which$is greater than the audible range
for reducing loss and noise. Supply for the microcontroller
turn is taken from the 12V battery.
Finally,$the H-bridge inverter successfully worked with
generated AC voltage of amplitude 154v and peak to peak
voltage of 281V.
IV.TEST$RESULTS
Testing of the$transformer-less inverter was done and Fig. 3.8
depicts the voltage waveform of the transformer-less inverter,
amplitude of 154V , peak to peak voltage of 281V.
Fig. 3.8: Output$waveform of transformer-less inverter
The testing was$performed by connecting converter to
different light loads.$

Fig. 3.9: THD measured
Efficiency of the converter was calculated.$Table 2 shows the
measurement taken on transformer-less inverter during
different light loadings and calculated the efficiency of the
inverter.$The efficiency is around 86 %.$As shown in the
fig.3.9 the THD measured is 14.4% without filter.
Table 2: The Measured$Quantities of Transformer-less
Inverter on different light.
V.CONCLUSION
In looking at$the components selected and the
simulations created before the real development of the inverter,
everything was built in mind with the end goal of efficiency
and keeping power losses to a minimum.$Transformer less
inverters offer a superior efficiency, contrasted with those
inverters that have a galvanic isolation.
Developed a complete hardware model of the new
inverter topology in which initially the 12V battery potential is
boosted to high voltage dc of 400V.And that 400V dc is
converted back to ac voltage by using H bridge inverter.
Overall performance was also improved compared with the
patented topology.
REFERENCES
[1] F. T.N. Suan, N. A. Rahm, and H. W.L. Ping, control of various types
of$transformer-less grid connected PV inverters IEEE Clean Energy
Technology, June 2011, pp. 5156.
[2] Ton Khenguan Fredy, Nasrudin A. Rahim,Analysis of Single-Phase
Transformer-less PV Inverters, IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, volume 29, no. 10, October 2014.
[3] P. Gonzalez, J. Lope, N. Sanchi, and L. Marroyo,"Transformer-less
Inverter$for Single-Phase Systems," IEEE Transactions on
Power Electronics, vol. 22, pp.693-697, 2007.
[4] I. Patro, E. Figuers, F. Gonzlez-Epn, and G. Garcer, "Transformer-less
topologies for grid connected single-Phase inverters," Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, volume 15, pp. 3423-3431,2011.