Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
Structural Design Calculation
CONTENT
* Content page 2
2
Structural Design Calculation
This document cover the design calculation of main frame of covered sitting area.
The main frame is a moment frame system composed of precast column, cantilever beams
and diagonal strut that supports the cantilever beams. Roof is composed of hollowcore slabs
without structural topping. Overall structure is supported by precast isolated eccentric footing.
For purpose of analysis and preliminary design, 3D model is developed using ETABS V.9.7.4
software considering all applied external loads. Then final design is done using CSIcol V 8.4
software for final column and section design. For footing design, CSI SAFE V.12.3.2 software
is utilize for service and strength design. All footing loads is exported thru Etabs model.
Connection between precast frame elements ( column & beam ) will be achieved by
main reinforement development using groutech couplers refer to (appendix A)-attached data sheet.
And Connection between ( footing and column ) is achieved by using 100mm corrugated pipe
as per PCI recommendation in chapter 6, page 6-8 ( refer to appendix B)
B. CONCRETE
Strength at
Strength at 28 days
Stripping/Demoulding
TYPE Elements
Cube Cylinder Cube strength, Cylinder
strength, fcu Strength, fc fcu Strength, fc
Precast HCS slabs 50.0 MPa 40.0 MPa 35.0 MPa 28.0 MPa
PRECAST
PRESTRE
SSED
Precast Columns 50.0 MPa 40.0 MPa 25.0 MPa 20.0 MPa
/
Precast Beams 50.0 MPa 40.0 MPa 20.0 MPa 16.0 MPa
Precast Beams 50.0 MPa 40.0 MPa 25.0 MPa 20.0 MPa
Precast Foundation 50.0 MPa 40.0 MPa 25.0 MPa 20.0 MPa
C. REINFORCEMENT
a. REINFORCING STEEL GRADE:
Main bars. Grade 460 - high yield deformed bars conforming to BS4449
Type 2, denoted by "T", fy = 460MPa
Secondary bars (Shear reinforcements). As per ACI 11.4.2, values of fy used
in design of shear reinforcement shall not exceed 420MPa.
Welded wire mesh. Steel fabric reinforcement will comply with BS4483. The
preferred range of designated fabric types will be as per Table 1 of BS4483.
Prestressing strands. ASTM A416 Grade 270 low relaxation strands, fpu=1860MPa.
b. Lap splice length should be taken as minimum 50 times diameter of bar, unless
otherwise specified.
c. The reinforcement shall be cut, bent, detailed and fabricated in accordance with
ACI 315-99, Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement.
D. DEFLECTION CRITERIA
Deflection limits shall be as per specifications & IBC chapter 1604 as detailed below:
1. Deflection of beams due to dead plus live loads shall not exceed 1/120 of the span.
3
Structural Design Calculation
G. FOUNDATION
H. LOADINGS
a. WEIGHT OF MATERIALS:
Self weight of material are calculated using the unit weights as provided in
Table C3-2 of ASCE/SEI 7-10. As a guide the following unit weight will be used
where appropriate:
Reinforced Concrete 25.0 KN/m
Reinforcing Steel 78.0 KN/m
Roof Floor Loads
WIND LOADS
V= 40.0 m/s (Basic wind speed)
Exposure Category C (Exposure category, open terrain, Sect 6.5.6)
I= 1.00 (Wind importance factor, Table 6-1)
4
Structural Design Calculation
I. LOAD COMBINATIONS
5
Structural Design Calculation
As per Eq. 6-27 of section 6.5.14 in ASCE/SEI 7-05,the design wind force shall be:
where,
= 0.85
I = Importance factor
= 1.0
Cf = 1.55 (net force coefficient figure 6.20 with asprect ratio B/s
= 0.67) B= 4.886 m s= 7.25 m
2
As =Gross Area of the solid free standing wall in (m )
q= 0.784 KN/m
Wind Pressure, P = q x G x Cf
6
Structural Design Calculation
BUILDING GEOMETRY
7
Structural Design Calculation
PRECAST COLUMN
OF MAIN FRAME
PRECAST FOOTING
OF MAIN FRAME
TYPICAL SECTION
8
Structural Design Calculation
9
Structural Design Calculation
Applied Loads
Considered In The
Design
. Wind Load Calculated As Per ASCE 7-10 = 1Kpa
1) Assumed To Be More Conservative Value = 1.2
Kpa
10
Structural Design Calculation
Applied Loads
Live Load = 4.3 KN/m
11
Structural Design Calculation
12
Structural Design Calculation
EQ Load (Y-direction)
EQ Load (X-direction)
13
Structural Design Calculation
14
Structural Design Calculation
a) Parameters
Note: Sustained service moment due to dead load and live load = 1314.31 KN.m.
However in order to be conservative wind moment is also considered ( D+L+W) = 1489.88 KN.m
b) Calculation
(Cracking Moment)
Mcr = fr. Ig /yt x 10^6 = 3.92 x273,066,666,666.67/800.00x 10^6 = 1338.44 KN-m
f = Ie / Ig = 210,478,194,617.76/273,066,666,666.67
= 2 (time-dependent factor)
'= As'/ bh = 0.00314
15
Structural Design Calculation
a) Parameters
b) Calculation
(Cracking Moment)
Mcr = fr. Ig /yt x 10^6 = 3.92 x57,556,607,093.87/473.00x 10^6 = 477.15 KN-m
As per above calculation cracking moment (Mcr) is greater than aplied moment(Ma),
Therefore the section is uncrack and no reduction of stiffness.
= 2 (time-dependent factor)
'= As'/ bh = 0.00490
3) DEFLECTION DIAGRAM
3.17 mm
9.08 mm
4.15 mm
1.79 mm
4.93 mm
14.23 mm
6.41 mm
2.77 mm
11.50 mm
31.02 mm
14.34 mm
6.50 mm
17
Structural Design Calculation
P1= beam and column weight = Pdead = 593.13 KN ( as per etabs model)
P2= weight of footing + soil
P2= 2.3x6.6x0.75x25 + 0.75x2.3x6.6x18
P2= 489.56 kN
18
Structural Design Calculation
Note:
weight of soil is neglected
neglected in order to be
conservative. P4 x4=5.925m
P1 As per Etabs output
x1=5.30m
Mdead= 1223.32 kN.m
Mo P2 Mlive(50%)= 90.99 kN.m
x2=3.30m
Mwind= 175.57 kN.m
P3 x3=1.60m
Hw
A
(a) Check against overturning
Overturning Moment:
Taking moment about the end point at the bottom of the base point A
Stabilizing Moment:
Ms = Stabilizing moment due to gravity load on foundation
Ms= P1 (x1) + P2 (x2) + P3 (x3) + P4 (x4)
Ms= 593.13 ( 5.30 ) + 489.56 (3.30)
336.16 ( 1.60 ) + 235.70 (5.925)
Ms= 6693.52 kN.m
19
Structural Design Calculation
Column Design
a) CHECK FOR P-M CAPACITY RATIO
Column Section
20
Structural Design Calculation
21
Structural Design Calculation
Column Stresses
22
Structural Design Calculation
23
Structural Design Calculation
24
Structural Design Calculation
25
Structural Design Calculation
26
Structural Design Calculation
27
Structural Design Calculation
28
Structural Design Calculation
29
Structural Design Calculation
30
Structural Design Calculation
31
Structural Design Calculation
Beam Design
a) CHECK FOR BENDING
Beam Section
32
Structural Design Calculation
33
Structural Design Calculation
Stress Diagrams
Load Combination
(1.2 D.L + 1.6 L.L )
34
Structural Design Calculation
35
Structural Design Calculation
36
Foundation Design
The Allowable Net Bearing Capacity = 150 Kpa
37
3-) L.L Case From Column
38
5-) L.L Case From Walls
39
The Soil Pressure Due To The Service Load Combination (1 DL + 1 SDL + 1 LL)
40
Footing Reinforcement
The Minimun Reinforcement For The Footing = 0.0016 x750 x 1000 = 1200 mm^2 / m (Width)
Provided Reinforcement Along The Long Direction = T32 @ 100 mm = 8040 mm^2/m (Width)
Therefore OK
Provided Reinforcement Along The Short Direction = T20 @ 150 mm = 2198 mm^2/m (Width)
41
Therefore OK
Provided Minimum Reinforcement Along The Long Direction = T25 @ 200 mm =2450 mm^2/m
(Width)
Therefore OK
Provided Reinforcement Along The Short Direction = T20 @150 mm = 2198 mm^2/m (Width)
Therefore OK
42
Check Shear
Therefore OK
There Is No Need For Shear Reinforcement In The Short Direction Because The Concrete
Capacity (phi Vc ) Is Adequate
Therefore , OK
43
Check Punching
44
Structural Design Calculation
45
Structural Design Calculation
a) Parameters
fc' = 40.0 MPa (concrete compressive strength)
b= 800.0 mm ( width of column)
h= 1600.0 mm ( length of column)
d= 1430.0 mm ( length of column)
b) Calculation
Vc = 0.75x1/6 fc' bxd
Vc = 0.75X 1/6 40.0x800.00x1,430.00
Vc = 904411.41 N
Vc = 904.41 kN
a) Parameters
b) Calculation
Vs = 0.60 x As x Fy
Vs = 0.60 x12,864.00x460.00
Vs = 3550464.00 N
Vs = 3550.46 kN
Vt = Vc + Vs
Vt = 904.41+3,550.46
Vt = 4454.88 kN
46
Structural Design Calculation
a) Parameters
b) Calculation
a) Parameters
fc' = 40.0 MPa (concrete compressive strength)
b= 800.0 mm ( width of column)
h= 1600.0 mm ( length of column)
d= 1430.0 mm ( length of column)
b) Calculation
Vc = 0.75x1/6 fc' bxd
Vc = 0.75X 1/6 40.0x800.00x1,430.00
Vc = 904411.41 N
Vc = 904.41 kN
a) Parameters
b) Calculation
Vs = 0.60 x As x Fy
Vs = 0.60 x14,472.00x460.00
Vs = 3994272.00 N
Vs = 3994.27 kN
Vt = Vk + Vc + Vs
Vt = 334.67+904.41+3,994.27
Vt = 5233.36 kN
47
Structural Design Calculation
2-12.7mm strands
2-12.7mm strands
L3
4-12.7mm strands
L3
L2
48
Structural Design Calculation
146.0 kN.m
49
Structural Design Calculation
a) Parameters
b) Calculation
(Actual stress )
As per above calculation allowable cracking stress (fr) is greater than actual stress(fa),
Therefore the section will not crack during demoulding.
50
PROJECT: -
Project no.: - Date: -
Made by: - Page no.:
DESIGN CAPACITY OF LIFTING ANCHORS
DESCRIPTION : Lifting capacity of L2
Note: Lifting Capacity of L1 is covered under this check because L2 is more critical than L1.
t PARAMETERS :
fci' = 20.0 MPa (compressive strength of concrete at demoulding stage)
fpu = 1860.0 MPa (tensile strength of prestressing steel)
c = 24.0 KN/m (specific weight of concrete)
n= 4.0 (strands quantity per lifting point)
f= 1.0 (safety factor for bundling of strand, PCI Sect. 5.3.4.2)
t LOAD ANALYSIS :
T= 303.96 KN
t CONCRETE BREAKOUT
51
PROJECT: -
Project no.: - Date: -
Made by: - Checked by: - Rev: -
PARAMETERS:
Ca1= 500.00 mm (cen. of stud from side face for shear loading)
Precast Element with lifting
arrangement
W= 34.9 Tons (gross weight of element) L
Note:
max. D1 & D2 distance=
D2 ca1 1.5hef
D1
1.5hef
DESIGN CALCULATION:
52
PROJECT: -
Project no.: - Date: -
Made by: - Checked by: - Rev: -
PARAMETERS:
Ca1= 500.00 mm (cen. of stud from side face for shear loading)
Precast Element with lifting
arrangement
W= 34.9 Tons (gross weight of element) L
Note:
max. D1 & D2 distance=
D2 ca1 1.5hef
D1
1.5hef
DESIGN CALCULATION:
53
PROJECT: -
Project no.: - Date: -
Made by: - Page no.:
DESIGN CAPACITY OF LIFTING ANCHORS
DESCRIPTION : Lifting capacity of L3
t PARAMETERS :
fci' = 20.0 MPa (compressive strength of concrete at demoulding stage)
fpu = 1860.0 MPa (tensile strength of prestressing steel)
c = 24.0 KN/m (specific weight of concrete)
n= 2.0 (strands quantity per lifting point)
f= 1.0 (safety factor for bundling of strand, PCI Sect. 5.3.4.2)
t LOAD ANALYSIS :
T= 163.14 KN
t CONCRETE BREAKOUT
54
PROJECT: -
Project no.: - Date: -
Made by: - Checked by: - Rev: -
PARAMETERS:
Ca1= 400.00 mm (cen. of stud from side face for shear loading)
Precast Element with lifting
arrangement
W= 34.9 Tons (gross weight of element) L
Note:
max. D1 & D2 distance=
D2 ca1 1.5hef
D1
1.5hef
DESIGN CALCULATION:
A) TENSILE FORCE CHECK ACI 318-D.5
Nua = 163.14 KN (maximum factored tensile force including suction)
55
Structural Design Calculation
3D - VIEW
2D - VIEW
56
Structural Design Calculation
Applied Loads
Live Load = 4.3 KN/m
57
Structural Design Calculation
B.M.D
S.F.D
58
Structural Design Calculation
B.M.D
59
Structural Design Calculation
S.F.D
60
Structural Design Calculation
Beam Section
61
Structural Design Calculation
Combination1
Combination2
62
Structural Design Calculation
Shear Check
1 ) Phi Vc = 0.75 x (1/6) x (fc')^0.5 x bw x d
APPENDIX 'A'
Groutec Coupler Data Sheet
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
Structural Design Calculation
APPENDIX 'B'
Corrugated Pipe Connection
89
6.4 Connection Hardware and Load convenient for certain connections, such as column
Transfer Devices to footing, column to column, and shear wall
connections. Note that alternate systems are also
A wide variety of hardware including reinforcing available including a system which uses a plastic
bars, headed studs, coil inserts, structural steel sleeve.
shapes, bolts, threaded rods, and other materials The following limitations are recommended:
are used in connections. These devices provide load
transfer to concrete via anchorage in the concrete by 1. The minimum concrete side cover over the
bond, bearing or by a shear cone resistance conduit should be 3 in.
mechanism. It is preferable to have a steel material 2. The conduit should have a minimum thickness
failure, typically defined by yielding, to govern the of 0.023 in. (24 gage) and there should be a
connection strength because such failures are more minimum annular space of Q/S in. around the bar.
predictable and ductile. In seismic regions, this 3. The grout strength should not be less than the
ductile behavior may be a code requirement. Load specified concrete strength or 5000 psi.
transfer should be as direct as possible to reduce 4. The specified grout should be non-shrink.
the complexity and increase the efficiency of the 5. For tension, the minimum embedment length
connection. for any diameter bar is 12 in.
6. Reinforcing bar ductility requirements should be
met for seismic applications.
6.4.1 Headed Concrete Anchors or Studs 7. Confinement steel is required in most
applications.
A headed concrete anchor (stud) is a smooth 8. Care should be taken to prevent water from
shaft with an integral head. These devices are entering the conduit before grouting, especially
typically welded to a plate or another structural steel during freezing weather.
shape. The studs may be hand welded, but are
more often attached using a stud gun. The design Figure 6.4.3.1 Anchorage in grouted conduit [25]
of these devices can be found in Section 6.5.
68 90
PCI Design Handbook/Sixth Edition
First Printing/CD-ROM Edition
Structural Design Calculation
APPENDIX 'C'
Shop Drawings
91
92
93
94
95
Structural Design Calculation
APPENDIX 'D'
Approved Basic Drawings
96
97
98
99
100
101