Painting

SAES-H-001
175-091900

5.4.1.4

5.4.5.5

5.4.5.10
6.1
(Surface Condition)

6.2

6.2.5

6.3.2

6.3.3

6.3.4

6.3.5

6.5.1
(Blotter test)

6.5.5

6.6.3
 8.1.2

8.2.3
8.3.5

8.4.3

9.1.6

9.2.2

9.2.6

9.2.7
9.3.6

Pickling

Induction period
Pot life
Galvanizing
Galvanizing process
 Min Acceptable
thickness

Qty of Lot selection

Galvanizing coating
thickness
measurement
method

Adhesion test

APCS 1B
APCS 2A
APCS 11B
APCS 26
APCS 11A
Requirement
Coating Selection and Application Requirements for Industrial Plants and Equipment
Saudi Aramco Form 175-091900 applies for inspection purpose.
Thick Film Coating: Coatings with an average dry film thickness greater than 20 mils (500 microns)
Thin Film Coating: Coatings with an average dry film thickness of 20 mils (500 microns) or less.

Vessels such as air receivers that are used as a surge tank between the compressor and the blasting pot shall be manufactured
accordance with ASME SEC VIII D1, Unfired Pressure Vessels. They shall be hydrotested at a pressure of at least 1.73 Mpa (250
temperature using clean water. These vessels shall be revalidated by hydrotesting at least annually and the test certificates sha
to the Saudi Aramco Inspector for verification.
Hoses, pumps, and accessories shall never be operated at pressures exceeding their rated pressure. In no case shall the
working pressure in the coating line exceed 34.5 MPa (5000 psi). Safety pressure relief valves shall be used in discharge side of

Solvents shall not be flushed into containers that are hotter than 50C. (Best solvant MEKMethyl Ethyl Ketone)

a) The substrate temperature shall be more than 10C and Shall not me more than temperature limit given in the applicable Sa
Sheet.
b) The substrate shall not be contains oil, grease, dirt, loose coating, loose rust, or other surface contaminants.
c) The substrate temperature shall be more than3C (5F) above the dew point (see Table 1).
d) Adverse weather conditions exist such as, but not restricted to, the following:
e)Relative Humidity shall be less than 85% (As per SAES-H-004)
1) Wind shall not be strong enough to blow sand, salt spray, or other foreign matter onto the surface being coated.
2) Wind shall not be strong enough to cause dry spray or to otherwise seriously disturb the spray pattern when application is b
Coatings and thinners shall be stored in well-ventilated buildings at storage temperatures as recommended in the Manufacture
The type of abrasive to be used shall be determined by the degree of cleanliness and surface profile requirements as specified
APCS. Silica Sand as abrasive material is prohibited in Saudi Aramco as per GI-0006.021 requirements.
Coatings which have exceeded the shelf life given in the Saudi Aramco Data Sheet (see definition in SAES-H-101) shall be set as
not be used unless written authorization to the contrary is given by the Consulting Services Department.

Abrasive shall be kept dry and clean. Regardless of the type of abrasive,the sulfate content shall be less than 50 PPM, the chlor
than 50 PPM, and Calcium carbonate shall be 1% maximum by weight.
The use of reclaimed slag abrasives is prohibited. The use of reclaimed garnet is permitted provided if it meets the requiremen
approved recycling system.
For spot removal of existing coating for inspection purposes, use other non-silica sand abrasive such as garnet, grit and slag. Th
shall be re-blasted with suitable abrasive prior to re-coating.

Compressed air supply shall be free of oil, moisture and contamination. As a minimum, the inspector shall check and approve
the start and mid-point of each 8-hour period.
This shall be determined as follows:
Attach a piece of blotter or absorbent paper to a clip board, then hold it approximately 45 60 cm in front of the blast nozzle d
only,with a nozzle pressure of 388 kPa (50 psig) for approximately one minute. Satisfactory results shall be no water or oil conta
blotter.
All personnel entering tanks or vessels after abrasive blasting shall wear rubber-soled shoes with clean disposable covers, swea
lintfree gloves.
Abrasive blasted surfaces shall call for inspection prior to priming or coating if the surfaces are hold for more than 4 hours after
When required, solvent cleaning shall be carried out in accordance with SSPC-SP1. Do not use kerosene, diesel or other degre
an oily film unless the surface is subsequently cleaned with a non-greasy solvent or cleaner such.
Non greasy solvant (MEK-Methyl Ethyl Ketone).
sand as a blasting abrasive is prohibited

After blasting, test the substrate for the chloride content. Residual chloride shall not exceed 40 mg/m. Wash down the surfac
water to remove chloride contamination. Chloride test shall follow the water wash down until the correct value is achieved.
Abrasive blast cleaned surfaces shall be re-inspected prior to priming or coating if the surfaces are held for more than 4 hours a
Correction shall be done and retested before coating application.

Coating materials used at the start of work or project should not be replaced with coating materials from another manufacture
following conditions:
Exceptions:
a) Technical/quality issues on the existing coating product,
b) Insufficient inventory of existing material, or
c) Existing product is delaying the project completion schedule.

In multi-coat applications, primer, intermediate coat, and topcoats shall be of contrasting colors and from the same coating ma
The dry film thickness shall be within the minimum and maximum limits allowed in the applicable APCS. Dry film thickness sha
checked in accordance with SSPC-PA 2.

In case of brush application, the maximum brush size used shall be 125 mm.

All coated tanks, vessels, and other structures in immersion services shall be holiday checked using a wet sponge at 67.5 volts i
thickness does not exceed 500 micron. (9 Volts & 90 Volts also some time using based on DFT) A small amount of a wetting ag
added to the water to aid in finding holidays.
Dry spark tester shall be used for holiday detection if the coating dry film thickness exceeds 500 microns. Holidays shall be rep
accordance with paragraph 8.5. (Normally 1microns equal to 4v, Exam 1500microns means 6000V or 6KV)
High voltage dry spark holiday detector shall be used to locate pinholes and coating film discontinuities after the full coating sy
cured.

1.Sulphuric acid most commonly used for pickling.

2.Phospharic and Chromic acid with small amount of iron will produce Iron phosphate & Iron Chromate salts for passivation.wh
soluable.It produce rust inhibitive layer for good adhesion propeties.
Length of the time after paint mixing which paint must be stand before use,Its called stand & lead time.(Normally 20-30mints )
Period of the time after paint mixing which paint must be used.(Normally 6-8hrs)
Zinc Value shall be more than 98%

1.Caustic Cleaning
2.Ringing
3.Pickling
4.Ringing
5.Flux solution.
6.Drying
7.Zinc Bath
8.Cooling ,Cleaning & Inspection
Structural Shape,plate,Bar and Strip
Less 1.6-45m
1.6-3.2-65 m
3.2-4.8-75m
4.8-6.4-85m
more 6.4-100m

Pipe
Less 3.2-45m
More 3.2-75m

Wire
Less 1.6-35m
1.6-3.2-50m
3.2-4.8-60m
4.8-6.4-65m
More 6.4-80m

Less than 3-All

4-500-3Qty
501-1200-5Qty
1201-3200-8Qty
3201-10000-13Qty
More tha 10000-20Qty

1.Magnetic thickness measurement.

2.Stripping method.
3.Weighing before and after galvanizing
4.Microscopy
5.Referee method
1.Stout knife test.
2.Embrittlement
vessel
Vessel
Vessel
valve
Valve

Silica paint shall be used if High temperature service.

 Vessel
32-SAMSS-004
2.1

NACE RP0590
Hydrogen Service
Lethal Services

7.1.5
7.9.1

Head Types

7.10.5
8.1.2

8.1.3

8.1.4
8.1.5
8.1.8
8.1.12
8.3.3

8.3.4

8.3.5
10.1.4
10.2.3
 10.2.6

10.3.4

10.4.3
11.2.3

11.4.3

12.1.4

12.1.7
12.1.9
12.1.11
12.1.12

12.3.3

12.1.14
12.1.21
12.3.6
12.5
 13.1

13.2.2

13.2.6
13.2.6.3

13.2.7

13.2.12

13.3.2

13.3.4
 13.3.6

13.3.13

14.1.2

14.1.5

14.2.2

14.3.2

14.3.4

14.3.5

14.3.7

14.4.4

14.4.5

14.5.2

14.7

15.4
15.5

16.3.2
16.3.3

16.3.5
 16.3.6

16.3.9

16.3.10

16.3.12

16.3.14
16.3.15

17.2

17.3

17.5

17.7
18.3
19.1.1

19.1.2
19.1.4

19.2.2.3
14.6
Table 1

SAES-W-010

13.4
 13.5

13.1
13.13

13.14

13.14.2

13.14.3

13.16

13.21
SEC VIII Div 1

UCS 56

SAES-004
UG-102
Requirement
Manufacture of Pressure Vessels

Any conflicts between this Specification and other applicable Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs), Standard
industry standards, codes, and forms shall be in writing by the Company or Buyer Representative through the Manager, Consul
Saudi Aramco, Dhahran
Recommended Practice for Prevention, Detection and Correction of Deaerator Cracking
Process streams containing hydrogen with an absolute partial pressure of 350 kPa (50 psi) and higher.
Process streams containing a concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in excess of 20% volume per total volume of vessel shall
service. Other services as determined by the project design may also be designated as lethal services.
No credit shall be given to thickness of integrally-bonded or weld metal overlay cladding in calculating material thickness, requ
sustain all primary loads.

Nominal thickness of shells and heads shall not be less than the following:
a) Carbon steels, 6 mm.
b) Low chrome alloy steels, 5 mm.

7.10.2 The type of heads to be used shall be ASME 2:1-ellipsoidal or ASME hemispherical, unless as allowed in 7.10.3 of this sp
7.10.3 ASME dished flat heads (with knuckle) and ASME torispherical heads may be used for only air and water services with a
exceeding 690 kPa (100 psi).
Heads in vessels with design thickness greater than 50 mm shall be hemispherical unless 2:1 ellipsoidal heads are deemed mor

Unless otherwise specified on the data sheet, the minimum projections for nozzles and manway necks, as measured from the o
or head to the face of a flange, shall meet the following requirements:
a) 6 inches for NPS 6 nozzles and smaller.
b) 8 inches for NPS 8 nozzles and larger and manways necks.
c) For insulated vessels, projection shall be sufficient to allow bolting of studs without interference with the insulation.
d) For vessel drain connections and other connections, where a process stream is likely to be stagnant, the projection shall not
connection nominal diameter.

Permissible types of flanges for nozzles and manways are according to the following:
a) Forged steel long welding neck flange.
b) Forged steel welding neck flange.
c) Studded nozzles
d) Slip-on type flange
A body flange shall be constructed of a single-piece forging.
Nozzles less than 2-inch NPS are not permissible.
Vessels in services other than air and water shall be provided with a minimum 2-inch NPS flanged steam-out connection.
Minimum inside corner radius of integrally reinforced contour nozzles and manways shall be 13 mm

Pressure ratings for standard flanges shall be in accordance with the following:
a) ASME B16.5 for flanges NPS 24 and smaller.
b) ASME B16.47, Series A for flanges larger than NPS 24.

Gasket seating surfaces shall comply with the following:

a) For spiral wound gaskets, 125 to 250 AARH, in all services,except hydrogen.
b) For spiral wound gaskets in hydrogen service, 125 to 150 AARH.
c) The sidewalls of rings joint flanges in all services, 63 AARH.
d) For Nonmetallic gaskets, 250 to 500 AARH.
Machined surfaces other than gasket contact faces shall not exceed 500 AARH.
All supports shall be continuously welded to the vessel
Skirts shall have a minimum thickness of 6 mm.
 One minimum 500 mm (20 inches) diameter skirt access opening shall be provided for vessels with diameters equal to and lar
vessels with diameters less than 1200 mm, skirt access opening diameter shall be minimum one half of the vessel diameter.Ski
smaller than the above specified shall require prior approval of the Saudi Aramco Engineer. It is the vessel manufacturer's resp
need for reinforcing the opening, according to the applicable Code.

Minimum of 10 mm thick reinforcing pad is required at the junction of the saddle and the vessel with all corners rounded to a
Anchor bolts shall not be less than 19 mm minimum nominal diameter
The bottom heads of vertical vessels that are externally insulated shall be provided with 12 mm blank nuts. Blank nuts shall be
located on 300 mm square centers.
Vertical vessels, which are not externally insulated, shall be provided with a 5 mm thick steel weather cap on the skirt to provid
fireproofing.
All materials must be clearly identified and provided with legible original or certified true copies of Mill Test Certificates. Lack o
adequate identification and certification shall be cause for rejection.
All materials, except carbon steels, shall be alloy-verified by the Vessel Manufacturer in accordance with SAES-A-206
b) Two PWHT cycles to account for future repairs and/or alterations.
Forgings shall meet a material cleanliness C2/R2/S2 rating, as described in ASTM E381.

Specimens for material testing shall be taken for the maximum heat treated thickness(T) per the following:
a) Plates Specimens shall be taken from each plate transverse to the rolling direction in accordance with SA-20 at the standard
depth of T location. If required, T specimens should be used for hot tensile and step cooling tests.

Minimum acceptable Charpy impact energy values for all materials of construction (base and weld metals) shall not be less tha
following applicable values:
1) 40/32 Joules for carbon steels thicker than 50 mm
2) As specified by ASME SEC VIII D2, but not less than 34/27 Joules
3) As specified by the licensors specification, but not less than 34/27 Joules
4) 55/48 Joules for 1 Cr- Mo, 1 Cr- Mo, 2 Cr- 1 Mo, 2 Cr- 1 Mo- V, 3 Cr- 1 Mo and 3 Cr- 1 Mo- V steels.
a) The first number of required energy values is the minimum average energy of three specimens and the second number is th
specimen of the impact test results
Materials for pressure vessels for de-aeration service shall be in accordance with NACE RP0590.
SA-105 shall not be used for applications requiring impact testing.
Impact testing of materials and welding procedures are required when test temperature is lower than -28C.
All flanges, fittings and piping for use as integral parts of pressure vessels shall be purchased from Saudi Aramco approved man
Fabrication Tolerances
13.1.1 Fabrication tolerances shall be in accordance with the more stringent of the applicable Code and PIP document VEFV11
Tolerance 1: Height from base line to face of top nozzle shall be the smaller of 4 mm per 3000 mm of height or 19 mm.
Tolerance 2: Flange face of nozzle with agitator shall be aligned within degree of indicated plan in any direction.
Tolerance 7: Unless more stringent tolerances are specified by the process licensor, alignment of flange face of nozzle without a
degree of specified plan, but not to exceed 5 mm across the diameter.
Tolerance 12: Bottom of vessel support to base line 0 mm, -6 mm.
Tolerance 13: For supports located above baseline, tolerances shall be 0 mm, + 6 mm.
Tolerance 14: Maximum difference in peak deviations from straight, applied to the shell at any location along the circumferenc
be: 3 mm in any 3000 mm of length, 12 mm in any 15000 mm of length, and shall not exceed 19 mm over the overall length of
distortion caused by welding of longitudinal or circumferential joints shall not exceed 6 mm maximum depth in a 900 mm leng
weld.
Tolerance 20: Deviation from average I.D. (as determined by strapping) from nominal I.D. shall be as follows:
a) 3 mm for I.D. 1200 mm
b) 6 mm for I.D. > 1200 mm
Out-of- roundness tolerances shall be according to applicable ASME SEC VIII.
Tolerance 26: Supports out of level shall be within 3 mm. Deviation from flatness of support base plate is not acceptable, i.e.,
be in full direct contact with the foundation.
Tolerance 31: Distance between centerlines of support bolt holes shall be within 6 mm and maximum diagonal measuremen

The beveled edges of weld preparations for carbon steel plates with thickness 25 mm and thicker and all ferrous alloy plates sh
magnetic particle examined for linear discontinuities. Liquid Penetrant examination shall be employed for non-ferrous steels.
limits as per ASME SA-20.

Welds Encroachment
13.2.6.1 It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure that the outer edge of welds attaching manways, nozzles (with an
and other structural attachments (with and without reinforced pads), except those in paragraphs 10.2.11 and 13.2.6.4, to press
shall not be closer than 1 inch from the adjacent edge of any other weld.
It is prohibited to cover butt welds in wall of vessels that will undergo PWHT by structural attachments (with or without reinfo

Telltale Holes in Reinforcing Pads

13.2.7.1 - inch telltale vent holes drilled and tapped for -inch NPT shall be provided in reinforcing pads for welded attachm
manways, per the following:
1) One hole in single piece reinforcing pad.
2) Where a pad is split, each segment shall have at least one hole.
13.2.7.2 Telltale holes shall be located at the lowest position accessible for inspection with center of the hole 25 mm from edge
applicable to each segment of a split-reinforcing pad.
Telltale holes in internal attachment pads shall be seal welded.

Forming
13.2.12.1 General
a) Cold forming for carbon steels shall be performed at temperatures within the range of above 20C (68F) and below 120C (2
b) Hot forming is any forming performed above the austenite phase start temperature of 740C (1364F).
Dissimilar metal welds (DMW) are not permitted in sulfide stress cracking environment as defined in this specification. Welds
acceptable if the DMW interface with the ferritic steel is beyond the liquid phase by minimum 600 mm (24 inches).
The method of weld overlay shall be such as to produce a minimum of 3.2 mm thickness meeting the specified chemical comp
specified weld overlay material.
Welding procedures shall be qualified considering all of the thermal treatments that could affect the material plus two additio
account for future repairs and/or alterations (refer to paragraph.12.1.9 of this specification).
For sour service, additional supplementary impact and hardness tests with one PWHT cycle shall be carried out for welding pro
well as production test coupons. Hardness testing shall comply with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.

All Nondestructive Examination, including Magnetic Particle and Liquid Penetrant examinations, shall be performed by personn
accordance with ASNT CP-189, or equivalent National Certification Programs that has been approved by the Saudi Aramco Insp
Department. Personnel responsible for interpretation of NondestructiveExamination results shall be certified to a minimum of

All pressure and non-pressure welds in vessels that are not required to undergo PWHT shall be visually inspected where acces
longitudinal, circumferential or built-up head pressure weld seams covered or rendered inaccessible by internals, lifting lugs
or other attachments shall be fully radiographed over the entire affected length plus minimum 50 mm (2 inches) either side pr
attachment.
Tungsten inclusions in Gas Tungsten Arc welds shall be evaluated as individual rounded indications. Clustered or aligned tungs
inclusions shall be removed and repaired.

All plates with thickness more than and including 50 mm (2.0 inches) shall be ultrasonically examined by the Vessel Manufactu
ASTM SA578. Acceptance criteria shall be Level C of SA-578.
14.3.3 Plates with thickness more than 12.5 mm (0.5 inch) and less than 50 mm (2.0 inches) shall be ultrasonically examined by
manufacturer in accordance with ASME SA-435.

100% Ultrasonic examination is required for the following weld joints:

a) Butt-welds in vessel supports.
b) Full-penetration welds in external attachments (supports,brackets, lugs, etc.) to pressure retaining parts.
All forgings shall be 100% ultrasonically examined by the equipment manufacturer in accordance with ASME SA388. Acceptan
shall be in accordance with ASME SEC VIII D2,
Where ultrasonic examination cannot be utilized,due to only construction geometric configuration, the whole joint shall be eith
or liquid penetrant (LP) examined after each 6 mm depth of weld deposit and the finished weld surface.
Internal welds shall be examined with Wet fluorescent MPI. External welds shall be examined with wet visible MPI or Wet fluo
All edges prepared for welding and all openings in Ferro magnetic vessels shall be 100% magnetic particle examined in accord
the applicable Code.

Forgings shall be examined on all surfaces, utilizing wet fluorescent magnetic particle method after final machining. All defects
removed and repaired by welding in accordance with SAES-W-010. (Exception: Liquid penetrant examination is acceptable as a
magnetic particle examination for welding edges.)
All edges prepared for welding and all openings in non-Ferro magnetic vessels shall be 100% liquid penetrant examined in acco
the applicable Code.
Hardness Testing
Weld hardness testing shall be in accordance with the requirements of SAES-W-010.

The maximum post weld heat treating soaking temperature for quenched and tempered carbon and low alloy steel materials s
tempering temperature shown on the Mill Test Reports or the following:
650C maximum for carbon steel
700C maximum for low alloy steels.
The holding temperature for post weld heat treatment for carbon steel vessels shall be 620C 650C (1150F 1200F).
Pneumatic testing for vessels to be pressure tested at final erection site within Saudi Aramco facility requires the approval of th
the Saudi Aramco Inspection Department.
Hydrostatic test pressure shall be held for a minimum of one hour per 25 mm of vessel thickness and in no case less than one
All welded attachments provided with telltale holes shall be pneumatically tested at minimum 70 kPa (10 psi) prior to heat trea
testing.
Telltale holes in external attachments must not be plugged during the vessel pressure test. Telltale holes in internal attachmen
prior to pressure testing of the vessel.
Hydrostatic pressure testing shall be performed with gaskets and bolting identical to those required in service and as specified
gaskets may be used as service gaskets if the bolted joint is not disassembled after completion of hydrostatic pressure testing.

The manufacturer shall supply the following:

a) Minimum two sets of spare gaskets with a blind flange for each manway and blinded nozzle in the vessel.
b) Minimum one set of service gasket set and two sets of spare gaskets for each nozzle with companion flanges in the vessel.
c) All bolting with minimum 10% spare bolting (3 minimum for each size) per vessel.
Water used for pressure testing shall be potable. For vessels manufactured from stainless steel, the water shall not contain mo
than 50 ppm chlorides with pH value not exceeding 7 at the time of filling the vessel.

1. At least 17C (30F) above the warmest MDMT based on the temperature values on the impact test exemption curves of the
considering materials of construction for all of the vessels components.
2. Not below 15C (59F).
3. Not above 50C (122F), unless there is information on the brittle characteristics of the equipment material indicating that a
needed.
b) The temperature of the test water shall be maintained at least 15C (59F) at all times during hydrostatic testing.
Vertical vessels that are pressure tested in the horizontal position shall be adequately supported such that the primary stresse
the vessel do not exceed 90% of the minimum specified yield strength of the vessel material.
Horizontal vessels shall be tested while resting on their permanent support saddles without additional supports or cribbing.

a) Relief valves shall be of adequate capacity set to relieve at 10% above the test pressure, provided requirements of paragraph
b) Sizing of relief valve(s) shall be according to API RP520, Part I.
c) The relief valve(s) shall be tested, dated, and tagged within one week prior to the pressure test.
d) The pressure test relief valve shall be accompanied with a calibration certificate that includes the cold differential test pressu
the spring range. The CDTP shall be within the spring range.
Vessels shall be Code stamped for all services in accordance with the applicable Code.
Pressure testing method employed for the vessel, including test media and testing liquid level shall be included in an additiona
next to ASME construction Code nameplate).
Nameplates shall be 3-mm minimum thickness and manufactured from type 304 stainless steel or Monel and continuously we
bracket according to PIP VEFV1100.

Nameplate for internally coated vessels shall show: the Saudi Aramco Painting System Numbers, type of coating, brand name,
Gasket contact surfaces shall be properly protected from blasting and shall not be coated or painted.
Vessel shall be protected against corrosion during shipping and at fabrication yard and construction sites.
Prior to shipping, vessels are to be completely and thoroughly dried and cleaned from all loose scales, weld slags, dirt and debr
satisfaction of the Saudi Aramco Inspector.
The Vessel Manufacturer shall advise the Saudi Aramco Engineer of the method of protection for review and approval.
Powder products shall be applied at the rate of 0.3 kg per cubic meter of internal void space or the minimum specified by the i
whichever is greater.
Welds Encroachment-Ref Table in 32-SAMSS-004
Nondestructive Examination Requirements

Welding Requirements for Pressure Vessels

The specified PWHT shall be applied over an area extending at least 6 times the thickness of the material being welded from e
not less than 25 mm from each edge of the weld, whichever is greater.
For PWHTs that are not performed in a furnace, insulation shall be applied a minimum of 300 mm on either side of the weld th
insulation shall not be removed before the temperature has cooled to below 150C. The internal surface shall also be insulated
temperature on the inside surface of the joint.

For applications where PWHT is required by the service fluid or where hardness limits are specified:
a) Any reductions in the PWHT temperature or alternative temperatures below the normal holding temperatures listed in the a
permitted.
b) The minimum PWHT soak time shall be 1 hour.
All temperatures within the heated zone for furnace or localized PWHT shall exceed the specified minimum holding temperatu
range for the soak period, as recorded by thermocouples, shall not have a spread of more than 40C.
Thermocouple locations shall include both the inside and outside surfaces of the vessel for weld thicknesses in excess of 75 mm

For all vessels PWHTed in a furnace, the thermocouple locations shall include:
a) The thinnest major component.
b) The thickest member.
c) The top of the vessel (as oriented during PWHT).
d) The bottom of the vessel (as oriented during PWHT).

If localized PWHT of the vessel shell is used, it shall be monitored using at least four sets of thermocouples, with each set cons
one thermocouple each on the inside and outside surfaces. Each set shall be placed at 90 degree intervals around the vessel c
Additional thermocouple sets are required if multiple heat control zones are used when a control zone is not monitored by one

Localized PWHT of nozzle welds shall have the following minimum number of thermocouples. Nozzles with a diameter of 305m
shall have at least one thermocouple. At least two equally spaced thermocouples shall be used for circumferential welds on no
diameters above 305 mm through 610 mm. Nozzles larger than 610 mm (24") diameter shall have at least four thermocouples
circumference.

Temperature recorders shall be calibrated every three months and a current calibration sticker shall be maintained on the reco
frequency may be extended to 12 months with the approval of Saudi Aramco Inspection if the documented calibration checks
demonstrate acceptable accuracy for a suitable period.
After completion of the PWHT all thermocouples shall be removed and the attachment areas ground smooth to clean and soun
Inspector, the areas shall be examined by MT or PT after grinding.

Above 800F (425C), the rate of heating shall be not more than 400F/ hr (222C/ h) divided by the maximum metal thickness
inches,but in no case more than 400F/ hr (222C/ h). During the heating period there shall not be a greater variation in tempe
portion of the vessel being heated than 250F (140C) within any 15 ft (4.6 m) interval of length.

The vessel or vessel part shall be held at or above the temperature specified in Table UCS-56 or Table UCS56.1 for the period o
Tables. During the holding period, there shall not be a greater difference than 150F (83C) between the highest and lowest tem
portion of the vessel being heated,except where the range is further limited in Table UCS-56.

Above 800F (425C), cooling shall be done in a closed furnace or cooling chamber at a rate not greater than 500F/ hr (280C/
metal thickness of the shell or head plate in inches, but in no case more than 500F/ hr (280C/ h). From 800F (425C) the vess

(a) The inner surface of a torispherical, toriconical,hemispherical, or ellipsoidal head shall not deviate outside of the specified s
D nor inside the specified shape by more than 58% of D, where D is the nominal inside diameter of the vessel shell at point of a
radius shall not be less than that specified.

8.1.5.3 All gauges shall have a range such that the test pressure is within 30 to 80% of the full range.
8.1.5.4 A minimum of two pressure gauges are required for the test system. One pressure gage shall be on the test manifold a
system. Their accuracy shall be within 5% of one another.
Pr.Gauge calibration shall be min one month during test date.
Pressure Gauge in no case shall the range be less than 1 12 nor more than 4 times that pressure
Structural Steel
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.3

4.6

4.9

5.2.1

5.2.2
5.2.3.4

5.2.5
5.2.6.1

5.2.6.3

5.2.6.4

5.2.6.6

6.1.1

6.1.4

6.1.6

6.1.7
 6.1.9

6.2.5.4

6.2.5.5
6.2.5.7

6.2.5.20

6.2.6.4

6.2.6.5

6.2.6.8

6.2.8.4

7.1

7.4

7.5
All material shall be of new stock.
Requirement

The minimum thickness of any part of a structural shape shall be 5 mm.

Pipe for columns or handrail shall be per ASTM A53/A53M Type E or S, Grade B or ASTM A106/A106M Grade B.

High Strength Bolt Assemblies

Bolt - ASTM A325 or A325M Type I, ASTM A490 or A490M, if specified on the design drawings
Washer - ASTM F436 or F436M
Direct Tension Indicator (D.T.I.) Washers - ASTM F959 or F959M, when specified on the design drawings
Heavy Hex Nut - ASTM A563 Grade DH or ASTM A563M Grade 10S

Anchor Bolts - ASTM A193/A193M Gr. B7 & B8M or ASTM F1554, Gr. 105
Heavy Hex Nuts - ASTM A194/A194M 2H & 8M or ASTM A563, DH or ASTM A563M Grade 10S
Washers - ASTM F436 or ASTM F436M
Plate Washers - ASTM A36/ASTM A36M

Galvanizing
All materials, except ASTM A490 or ASTM A490M bolts, and crane rails, shall be galvanized. Steel embedded in concrete (inclu
ASTM A36/A36M, ASTM A307 and ASTM F1554 anchor bolts) shall be hot-dip galvanized.

Galvanizing of steel shapes, plates and hardware shall be in accordance with the following ASTM specifications:
a) Steel shapes and plates - ASTM A123/A123M
b) ASTM A325 Type 1 or ASTM A325M Type 1 bolts and corresponding nuts and washers -ASTM B695 or ASTM F2329
c) ASTM A36/A36M threaded bar or ASTM A307 bolts and corresponding nuts and washers - ASTM F2329 or ASTM B695
d) All bolts, nuts, and washers shall meet required mechanical properties after galvanizing.
The edges of tightly contacting surfaces shall be completely seal welded.

Inspection of Galvanized Steel

The Buyer reserves the right to inspect and reject all galvanized steel in accordance with the provisions of ASTM A123/A123M
ASTM E376.
Any damage to galvanizing shall be repaired in accordance with ASTM A780/A780M.

When surface defects exceed 2% of a member's area, the defects shall be repaired by redipping the member in the zinc bath.

Cold repair using an organic zinc rich coating (primer in APCS-1C) shall be permitted if the following conditions exist:
a. Total damaged area is less than 1% of the total coated area of the member being repaired
b. No single repair is greater than 2 square inches (1300 mm)

Hot repairs shall be made in the shop if any of the following conditions exist:
a. Total damaged area is greater than 1% but less than 2% of the total coated area of the member being repaired
b. Any single repair is at least 2 in (1,300 mm) in area
c. Any single repair is 12-inches (300 mm) long or more
All fabrication shall be in accordance with the AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges and the AISC Spec
for Structural Steel Buildings.
Structural steel pipe shall be limited to seamless or electric-welded, straight-seam pipe. Where steel pipes or tubing are used,
ends shall be sealed to prevent internal corrosion.
All welding shall be in accordance with AWS D1.1/D1.1M, Structural Welding Code Steel or AWS D.1.3, Structural Welding Co
Sheet Steel,
Shop splices, substitutions of member sizes, or changes in details or dimensions shall not be permitted without written author
from the Chairman of the Onshore Structures Standards Committee
Lifting lugs required for lifting of fully assembled structural units or skids shall be designed for attachment to primary structura
members only. Lifting lugs shall be attached by means of a complete joint penetration groove weld or continuous fillet welds (
paragraph 7.6.e)
All ASTM A325 or ASTM A325M high-strength bolts, shall be Type 1, galvanized. Galvanized washers and nuts
shall be furnished for galvanized bolts.

All bolts, nuts, and washers shall be properly identified and marked with the material grade and manufacturer's logo if required
respective ASTM standard. All fasteners not so marked shall be rejected. Should any unmarked fasteners be installed, they sha
removed. Mechanical testing of unmarked fasteners shall not constitute justification for their use.
The minimum number of bolts in a framed beam connection shall be two bolts.
A minimum of 5% extra quantities of each bolt size and length, including nuts and washers, shall be furnished by the fabricato
erection.

The minimum fillet weld size is 3/16 inch (5 mm) for structural welds. Seal welds may be 1/8 inch (3 mm) minimum fillet weld
All structural strength welding shall be continuous, unless alternate procedures are approved by the Chairman of the Onshore
Structures Standards Committee
Continuous seal-welding shall be used in places that are not self-draining or where crevice corrosion is likely to occur.If seal-we
not practical, alternative methods of sealing shall be used with the approval of the Saudi Aramco Representative.

All gusset and stiffener plates shall be 3/8 inch (10 mm) minimum thickness. For minor structures such as platforms and misce
structures, inch (6 mm) thick gusset and stiffener plates may be used. The minimum thickness for connection plates in elect
transmission towers or communication towers shall be inch (6 mm).
All NDT procedures shall be submitted to the Inspection Department / Operations Inspection Division (OID) ASNT Level-III for
acceptance prior to work commencing.
Inspection and testing shall conform to this Specification and Saudi Aramco Inspection Requirements Forms 175-120100 or 175
attached to the Purchase Order.

Welding procedures and individual welders shall be qualified in accordance with the requirements of AWS D1.1/D1.1M, AWS D
AWS D14.1 as appropriate. All welding procedures and welding performance qualification records shall be made available to th
Buyer's Inspector for review

a) All welds shall have 100% visual inspection performed per AWS D1.1. In addition, any strikes, gouges, and other indications
careless workmanship (such as surface porosity) shall be removed by grinding.
b) Pipes used as piling (circumferential welds) and tubular structures shall be randomly radiographed at the rate of 10% [one w
each ten (10) welds shall be 100% radiographed]. The specified amount of random radiography shall include X-ray samples fro
welder's daily production.
c) The butt-welded flange sections for all primary load-bearing members shall be 100% radiographed at the weld. Primary load
members

d) Secondary members such as purlins, girts or rafters that are not part of the main sway frame, the butt-welds can be tested a
10% of the buttwelds of each days production (randomly selected) shall have radiographic tests performed on the welds.
e) All lifting lug connections shall be 100% magnetic particle inspected. Full penetration groove welds in lifting lugs shall be 10
inspected. Procedures and operator qualifications shall meet AWS D1.1 and be submitted to the Company Inspector for review
approval.
Material test reports shall conform to EN 10204, Type 3.1.
RT Film which type and class see AWS?
Fitting

6.1

6.2

6.4

7.3.2

7.4.2

8.1

9.2

9.3
 9.5.3

9.5.3.1

9.5.3.2

9.5.3.3

10.4

10.6

SA234 WPB

SA420 WPL6

SA403 304L

SA182 316L

SA240 316L
SA333 Gr6
SA312 TP304
Requirement
This Specification is applicable to carbon steel and low temperature carbon steel pipe fittings manufactured in accordance
with ASTM A234 Grade WPB, ASTM A420 and MSS SP-75 for high strength fittings.

Butt welding fittings are fittings with beveled ends that connect into the piping system by butt welds as detailed in ASME
B16.9. Welded fittings refers to fittings that are fabricated from plate and are assembled by welding or fittings made
from a pipe fabricated by welding
Boron content shall be shown in the heat analysis or product analysis and shall not exceed 0.0005%.

ASTM A234 and ASTM A420 Fittings

6.2.1 Material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A234/A234M Grade WPB or ASTM A420 Grade WPL 3 or Grade
WPL 6, including ASTM A960 Supplementary Requirements S50 Product Analysis, S51 Tension Test and S57 Hardness
Test. The hardness for ASTM A420 Grade WPL6 shall not exceed 197 BHN.
6.2.3 The carbon equivalent shall not exceed 0.42% when calculated according to the formula:
CE (IIW) = C +Mn/6+(Cr+v+Mo)/5+(Ni+Cu)/15

The vendor shall provide a certified material test report listing the actual results of the chemical analysis, mechanical
properties, notch toughness properties, heat treatment, nondestructive examination, and any special tests required by the
Purchase Order.

Properly conditioned low-hydrogen electrodes shall be used for all fittings when the wall thickness exceeds 13 mm.

Hardness Testing
Hardness traverses conducted in accordance with ASTM E92 shall be made on a full-thickness, transverse cross-section of
the weld that has been mounted, polished to metallographic quality, and etched. Two traverses
shall be made. One shall be within 1.0 mm from the O.D. surface and one within 1.0 mm from the I.D. surface. Each
traverse shall consist of at least two hardness indentations in each of the following locations:
a) Weld metal
b) Heat affected zone on each side of the weld and
c) Parent metal on each side of the weld.
Only Vickers 5 kg or 10 kg hardness testers shall be used. Hardness of base metal, HAZ, and weld metal shall not exceed
207 HV for Grade B fittings and 250 HV for high strength fittings.
All grade WPB fittings supplied in accordance with this specification shall be normalized as defined in ASTM A234 unless
approved by the Materials Engineering Standards Committee.

Visual Examination and Dimensional Check

100% of fittings will be visually inspected for general appearance, workmanship.Fit-up shall be acceptable in accordance
with ASME B31.3 Paragraph 344.2. Weld surfaces shall show a smooth contour. Dimensions of the fitting shall be checked
against ASME B16.9, MSS SP-75 or approved Vendor's Drawings.

Dye Penetrant or Magnetic Particle Testing

9.3.1 Butt weld ends shall be 100% tested using one of the following methods:
Dye penetrant (color contrast penetrant) in accordance with ASTM E165. Acceptance criteria shall be per Boiler &
Pressure Vessel Code, ASME SEC VIII D1, Appendix 8.
Magnetic particle tested in accordance with ASME SEC VIII D1,Appendix 6.

Radiography
All welds in fabricated fittings shall be 100% radiographed in accordance with Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, ASME SEC
VIII D1, paragraph UW-51.
9.5.3 A minimum of three hardness indentations shall be made on the parent metal of each fitting, with the test locations
spaced evenly across the piece being tested. (For fittings 2-inch and smaller, only two indentations are required.) For
welded fittings, an additional three hardness indentations shall be made evenly spaced, along the weld. Where accessible,
the weld metal hardness should be measured on the I.D. surface of the fittings.

If any single indentation exceeds the allowable hardness limit,two additional hardness indentations shall be taken within
25 mm of it, and the three hardness values shall be averaged. If the average exceeds the allowable limit, the fitting shall be
rejected, and all the other fittings from the same heat shall be 100% hardness tested, even if not otherwise required in
paragraph 9.5.1.

The difference between the highest and lowest hardness readings in the parent metal shall not exceed 20 HB.
In addition, for welded fittings, the difference between the highest and lowest hardness readings in the weld metal shall
not exceed 20 HB. If the difference exceeds 20 HB for either the parent metal or the weld metal hardness values, the
fittings shall be rejected, and all other fittings from the same heat shall be 100% hardness tested.

At the manufacturer's option, all fittings that have failed the hardness test requirements in paragraphs 9.5.3.1 and/or
9.5.3.2 can be re-normalized and hardness tested again. Fittings that pass the hardness test requirements and the strength
requirements after re-normalizing may be accepted. Fittings that fail a second time shall be permanently rejected. 9.5.3.4
The hardness limit for ASTM A420 is 197 BHN.

After inspection by Saudi Aramco's Inspection Representative, unless otherwise specified in the Purchase Order, fittings
shall be supplied with a protective coating that does not hide markings or surface defects. This temporary
coating,combined with appropriate packing, must protect against corrosion during ocean shipment. The coating shall be
hard and dry. It can be either a clear coating or a thin opaque coating. Except for clear coatings, the maximum dry film
thickness shall be 76 micron.
Fittings per ASTM A234 and A420 shall be marked in accordance with ASME B16.9, paragraph 4.
Documentation shall be in accordance with EN10204 type 3.1.

SPECIFICATION FOR PIPING FITTINGS OF WROUGHT CARBON STEEL AND ALLOY STEEL FOR MODERATE AND HIGH-
TEMPERATURE SERVICE
Hot-formed WPB, WPC, and WPR fittings upon which the final forming operation is completed at a temperature above
1150F [620C] and below 1800F [980C] need not be heat treated provided they are cooled in still air.

SPECIFICATION FOR PIPING FITTINGS OF WROUGHT CARBON STEEL AND ALLOY STEEL FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE
All fittings shall be furnished in the normalized,normalized and tempered, annealed, or quenched and tempered
condition. All welding shall be completed prior to the austenitizing heat treatment.
Impact 50 F [45 C],Max 27J
SPECIFICATION FOR WROUGHT AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL PIPING FITTINGS
Heat Treatment #1900F [1040C]
SPECIFICATION FOR FORGED OR ROLLED ALLOY AND STAINLESS STEEL PIPE FLANGES, FORGED FITTINGS, AND VALVES AND
PARTS FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE
SPECIFICATION FOR CHROMIUM AND CHROMIUMNICKEL STAINLESS STEEL PLATE, SHEET, AND STRIP FOR PRESSURE
VESSELS AND FOR GENERAL APPLICATIONS
SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS AND WELDED STEEL PIPE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE
SPECIFICATION FOR SEAMLESS AND WELDED AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL PIPES
Flange

5.2.2
Requirement

The following design codes are referenced for all new flanges with materials in accordance with Table 5:
ASME/ANSI B16.5: Class 150 thru 2500
ASME/ANSI B16.47 Series A: Class 150 through 900.
API SPEC 6A Type 6B: Pressure Rating 3000, 5000 and 10,000

Continuous-cast steel shall be hot-worked to a minimum 2:1 ratio before blanks are cut for die forgings. All such perform raw m
shall be capable of meeting a C2; R2; S2 rating, as described in ASTM E381,prior to profile forging to near net shape. Residual a
structure in the rim is not permitted.

Blind flanges shall be manufactured from forged material or from plates in accordance with the applicable Saudi Aramco Draw
ASME B16.5 or ASME B16.47. Spectacle plates, spacers and slip blinds (blanks) shall be manufactured from forged material or
plates in accordance with the applicable Saudi Aramco Drawings and ASME B16.48. The minimum
requirments for plates used in the fabrication shall be ASTM A516 Gr.70.
The following additional requirements are applicable to the plate:
The plate shall be 100% UT examined for laminations in accordance with ASTM A578. The acceptance level is C.
5.3.2 Plate materials shall comply with the requirements of NACE MR0175 /ISO 15156.
5.3.3 ASTM A516 plate, used for blind flanges, spectacle plates, blinds, and spacers, shall be tested as specified in ASTM A516 S
S12 and the required longitudinal Charpy V-notch impact values shall be 34/27 J (25/20 ft-lbs) for standard 10 mm by 10 mm
specimens

Pitting Resistance Equivalent (PRE)

Stainless steels grades with PRE requirements shall meet the minimum values shown in Table 5.
(PRE) = %Cr + 3.3 %Mo + 16 %N
All austenitic stainless steel grades except those specified in Table 2 shall be subjected to intergranular corrosion test as per AS
A262 Practice E.
Ferrite content for duplex stainless steels shall be between 35 to 55% as determined in accordance with ASTM E562.

9.1 Magnetic Particle Testing Ferromagnetic Materials

All accessible surfaces shall be magnetic-particle tested after final heat treatment and final machining operations by a wet fluo
method in accordance with ASTM A508/A275. Flange bores and other surfaces shall be inspected in two
directions: axial and circumferential. Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with ASTM A788 Supplementary Requirement S

9.2 Liquid Penetrant Testing Non-ferromagnetic Materials

All accessible surfaces shall be liquid-penetrant inspected after final heat treatment and final machining operations in accordan
procedures specified in ASTM E165.
Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with ASTM A788 Supplementary Requirement S19

9.3 Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic Testing (UT) shall be conducted on flanges in accordance with the following requirements:
Testing shall be conducted from the welding end before beveling, in an intermediate-machined state, with welding and sealing
machined at right angles to the bore. However, intermediate-machined state UT inspection is not required if the intended UT
procedure can demonstrate, and document, that adequate inspection reliability of the welding end can be achieved without
intermediate stage testing.