6/27/2017 PatentWO1998040960A1ElectromagneticdeviceGooglePatents

WO98/40960 5

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Electromagneticdevice Publicationnumber WO1998040960A1

WO1998040960A1 Publicationtype Application
Applicationnumber PCT/IT1997/000054
Publicationdate Sep17,1998
ABSTRACT
Filingdate Mar11,1997
Prioritydate Mar11,1997
Electromagneticdevice(100),particularlytobeusedasagenerator,forexample
ofmechanicalenergy,comprisingmeans(105)forgeneratingamagneticfield,at Inventors GiampaoloMaccanti,LucaSportelli,Fabrizio
Dendi
leastoneelectricconductor(110,115)arrangedinsidesaidmagneticfield,means
Applicant EnergiaCelesteS.R.L.
(120)forgeneratingatleastonesequenceofelectricpulseshavingamplitudes
variableintime,saidmeansforgeneratingpulses(120)beingconnectedtothe ExportCitation BiBTeX,EndNote,RefMan

electricconductors(110,115)forapplyingacorrespondingpulsesequenceto PatentCitations(4),Referencedby(1),Classifications(3),
LegalEvents(7)
eachelectricconductor(110,115).
ExternalLinks:Patentscope,Espacenet

DESCRIPTION(OCRtextmaycontainerrors) CLAIMS(OCRtextmaycontainerrors)

ELECTROMAGNETICDEVICE
Thepresentinventionrelatestoanelectromagneticdevice,andparticularlytoan
electromagneticdevicesuitabletobeusedasagenerator,forexampleof
mechanicalenergyorheat.
Ageneratorisingeneralamachinefortransformingenergyofatypeintoenergy
ofadifferenttypegeneratorsarealsocommonlyindicatedwiththeimproper
expressionofdevicesforproducingenergy,whichalwaysimplicatesa
transformationoraconversionofenergyintodifferentform.
1.Electromagneticdevice(100)comprisingmeans(105)forgeneratinga
magneticfield,atleastoneelectricconductor(110,115)arrangedforbeinginside
saidmagneticfield,characterizedinthattheelectromagneticdevice(100)
includesmeans(120)forgeneratingatleastonesequenceofelectricpulses
havingamplitudesvariableintime,saidmeansforgeneratingpulses(120)being
connectedtotheelectricconductor(110,115),ortotheelectricconductors,for
applyingthepulsesequence,oracorrespondingoneofthepulsesequences,to
theelectricconductor(110,115),ortoeachoneoftheelectricconductors.

Knowngenerators,whichdifferbecauseofthenatureoftheusedenergy, 2.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim1,whereinthemeansfor
becauseofthenatureoftheproducedenergyandinthewaytheywork,have generatingthemagneticfieldisconstitutedbyatleastonepermanentmagnet
severaldrawbacks.Mostoftraditionalgenerators,suchasthermoelectric (105).
generators(whichgenerateelectricenergyexploitingthermicenergyproducedby
afuel)ornucleargenerators(whichgenerateelectricenergyexploitingtheenergy
releasedbyfissionofnuclearfuels),needtobefedwithasourceofenergy
3.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim2,whereineachelectric
(suchasoil,gas,coal,uranium)availableinnatureinscarcequantityand
conductor(110,115)iswoundaroundthepermanentmagnet(105).
thereforeexpensive.Moreover,theenergyconversionprocessusedinthese
generatorsproducespollutingexhaustorwastewhichisdangerousanddifficult
tobedisposed.
4.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoanyclaimfrom1to3,whereinthe
Severalknowngenerators,includinggeneratorsusingclean(notpolluting)and pulsesofthesequence,orofeachoneofthesequences,areseparatedbya
renewable(notsubjecttoexhaustion)sourcesofenergy,suchashydroelectric fixedperiod.
generators(exploitinghydraulicenergy,forexamplefromrivers),geothermal
generators(exploitingthermalenergyofnaturalsteamwithintheearth),eolian
generators(exploitingenergyofwind)andsolargenerators(exploitingenergy 5.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoanyclaimfrom1to4,whereinthe
sentoutbythesunasradiantenergy),needcomplexmachineriesand electricpulsesarevoltagepulses.
equipment.Generally,theyareusedinplants(powerstations)producingenergy
onanindustrialscaletheenergyisthendeliveredtothefinalusersbymeansof
deliverynetworks(typicallyelectricnetworks).Thisprocesshoweverimplies 6.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim5,whereinthepulse
relevantlossesofenergyduringthetransfer.Inaddition,thesepowerstations sequence,oreachoneofthepulsesequences,includesatleastapulseofafirst
andrelateddeliverynetworksinvolvehighconstructionandmanagement type(VL)alternatedwithatleastapulseofasecondtype(VH),thedifference
expensesandtheyoftendisfigurethelandscape. betweentheamplitudeofeachpulseofthesecondtype(VH)andtheamplitude

Generatorsforpersonaluse,suchasmotorvehicleinternalcombustionengines ofanimmediatelyprecedingpulseofthefirsttype(VL)beingnotlessthana
andhomeheatgenerators(boilers),usefuels(petrol,dieselfuelorgas)which predeterminedvalue.
areexpensiveandpollutingelectricmotors(forexamplemotorsusedin
appliances)useonthecontraryenergyprovidedbytheelectricdeliverynetwork,
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reaction)whichprovideareducedpower,haveashortlife,andaredifficultto 7.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim6,whereinthepredetermined
disposeoncetheyareflat.Itisanobjectofthepresentinventiontoovercome valueis50V.
theabovedrawbacks.Thisobjectisachievedbymeansofanelectromagnetic
deviceassetoutinthefirstclaim.
8.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim6or7,whereintheamplitude
Theelectromagneticdeviceofthepresentinventionexploitsapractically
ofeachpulseofthefirsttype(VL)isatleast380V.
unlimitedsourceofenergyanditisthusverycheapitproducesnoharmful
wasteandthereforeitissafeandnotpolluting.

Thiselectromagneticdeviceisveryeasytomanufactureanditemploysvery 9.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoanyclaimfrom6to8,whereinthe
cheapcomponentsitissuitableinparticularfordomesticuse,sinceitis amplitudeofthepulsesisrandom.
noiselessandsmall,evenifitisnotexcludeditsuseforproducingenergyonan
industrialscale.
10.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoanyclaimfrom6to9,whereinthe
Inaddition,theelectromagneticdeviceaccordingtothepresentinventiondoes
pulsesequence,oreachoneofthepulsesequences,includesapulseofathird
notneedtobeconnectedtoanexternalelectricnetworkanditistherefore
type(VLm)andapulseofafourthtype(VHm)correspondingtoeachpulseofthe
particularlypractical.Furtherfeaturesandadvantagesoftheelectromagnetic
deviceaccordingtothepresentinventionwillappearinthefollowingdescription firsttype(VL)andthesecondtype(VH),respectively,eachpulseofthethird(VL
ofseveralpreferredembodimentsofthesame,givenpurelybywayofanon andfourth(VHm)typehavinganamplitudemultipleoftheamplitudeofthe
restrictiveindication,withreferencetotheattacheddrawingswhere:Fig.lshows correspondingpulse.
aschematicblockdiagramofanelectromagneticdeviceaccordingtothepresent
invention
11.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim10,whereintheamplitudeof
Fig.2depictstimediagramsofthepulsesequencesgeneratedinthe
eachpulseofthethird(VLm)andfourth(VHtypeis2,5timestheamplitudeofthe
electromagneticdeviceofFig.l
correspondingpulse.
Fig.3aschematicallyshowsamotorembodyingtheelectromagneticdeviceof
thepresentinventionFig.3bisanexplodedviewofaparticularofthemotorof
Fig.3a. 12.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoclaim10or11,whereineachpulse
ofthethird(VLm)andfourth(VHm)typeisseparatedfromthecorresponding
WithreferenceinparticulartoFig.l,anelectromagneticdevice100accordingto
thepresentinventionincludesapermanentmagnet105(madeupforexampleof pulsebyatimeintervalshorterthansaidperiod.
anironcobaltalloy),whoseNorthandSouthpolesaredenotedbythelettersN
andS,respectively.Thepermanentmagnet105generatesamagneticfieldinthe
surroundingspacethisfieldisschematicallydepictedbyitslinesofforcewhich 13.Electromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoanyclaimfrom10to12including
comeoutfromtheNorthpoleandentertheSouthpole.However,the atleastonepairofsaidelectricconductors(110,115),whereinthepulse
electromagneticdeviceinthisembodimentofthepresentinventionlendsitselfto sequence,oreachoneofthepulsesequences,isconstitutedbyacorresponding
beimplementedevenwithanelectromagnetordifferentequivalentmeansfor firstandsecondpulsesequenceincludingonlythepulsesofthefirst(VL)and
generatingamagneticfield,orevenwithoutthemagnet105,forexample second(VH)typeandonlythepulsesofthethird(VLm)andfourth(VHm)type,
exploitingtheuniversalmagneticfield. respectively,thefirstandsecondsequencebeingappliedtoafirst(110)anda
second(115)electricconductorofthepair(110,115),respectively.
Twoelectricconductors110and115arewoundaroundthemagnet105andthey
areparallelandarrangedintheshapeofasolenoid,withanumberofturns(for
exampleseveralhundreds)variableaccordingtotheapplicationandthestructure
oftheelectromagneticdevice100.Alternatively,theconductors110and115are 14.Heatgeneratorincludingtheelectromagneticdevice(100)accordingtoany
arrangedwithadifferentshapeandpossiblytheyarenotparallel,ortheyarenot claimfrom1to13.
woundaroundthemagnet105buttheyareclosetothesame,inanycaseina
regionwherethestrengthofthemagneticfieldgeneratedbythemagnet105is
notnegligible.Inaddition,theelectromagneticdevice100includesaunit120for 15.Motor(300)includingtheelectromagneticdeviceaccordingtoanyclaimfrom
generatingelectric(voltageorcurrent)pulsesequences,i.e.waveformswhere 1to13,afirst(304)andasecond(302)elementrotationallymovablebetween
thetimeduringwhichtheelectricquantitymaintainsahigh(absolute)valueisfar eachotheraroundacommonaxis(306),whereinthefirstelement(304)includes
shorter,e.g.lessthan1/10,thanthetimeduringwhichitmaintainsanull(or atleastoneelectricconductorcircuit(307)andthesecondelement(302)
anywaylow)value.Particularly,theunit120hastwooutputterminals125and includesthemeans(308322)forgeneratingthemagneticfield.
130connectedtoaterminalofthewindings110and115,respectivelyathird
outputterminal135isconnectedtotheotherterminalofthewindings110and
115andisareferenceterminal(earth)ofthewholedevice. 16.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim15,whereinthefirstelementisarotor(304)
andthesecondelementisastator
Inapreferredembodimentofthepresentinvention,theunit120generatesafirst
voltagepulsesequenceatitsoutputterminals125and135thetimeinterval(in (302),theelectricconductorcircuit(307)beingwoundlongitudinallyaround
thefollowingindicatedas"period")betweentwocontiguouspulses therotor(304)intheshapeofaspiral.

(consideringnegligibletheirlength)isfixed,andhasavaluerelatedtothe
applicationandthestructureoftheelectromagneticdevice100.Testshavebeen
17.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim16,whereinthestator(302)andtherotor(304)
carriedoutwithdifferentfixedvaluesoftheperioduptoaminimumvalueabout
areenclosedinacontaineratapressurelowerthanatmosphericpressure.
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10"12s,butthepresentinventionlendsitselftobeimplementedalsowithnot
fixedperiods.Thevoltagepulsesgeneratedattheoutputterminals125and135
haveanamplitude(withregardtoareferencevalueoftheearthterminal)which
takesalternativelya"low"typevalueVLanda"high"typevalueVH/wherethe
differencebetweentheamplitudeofahightypepulseandtheamplitudeofan
immediatelyprecedinglowtypepulseisgreaterorequaltoapredetermined
minimumvalue,preferably50V.Advantageously,theamplitudeofthesevoltage
pulseschangescontinuously,anditispreferablyrandom.Forexample,the
amplitudeofthevoltagepulsestakesdiscretevaluesspacedfromeachotherby
amultipleofIVinarangeofdefinedvalues,e.g.fromaminimumvalueof380V
toamaximumvalueof450V,asinthesequencedepictedinthefirsttime
diagramofFig.2(denotedwiththelettera).Thevoltagepulsesequenceis,in
turn,constitutedbyseveralpulsesofthesametype(whichmeansthatthe
amplitudedifferslessthan50V),alternatedtoseveralpulsesoftheothertype,
eventuallyinnumberwhichisnotfixedintime,forexamplerandom(e.g.VLVL
VHVHVHVLVLVL,VHVH,...).
18.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim17,whereinsaidpressureislowerthan
lOOmbar.
19.Motor(300)accordingtoanyclaimfrom15to18,whereinthemeansfor
generatingthemagneticfieldisconstitutedbyapluralityofsaidpermanent
magnets(308322)insulatedtherebetween,acorrespondingoneofthefirst(324
338)andsecond(340)electricconductorbeingwoundaroundeachoneofthe
magnets(308322).
20.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim19,whereinthefirstelectricconductors(324
338)areinevennumber,eachoneofthefirstelectricconductors(324330)being
parallelconnectedtoafirstelectricconductor(332338)oppositetothecommon
axis(306)forbeingappliedasamefirstpulsesequence.

Theunit120generatesinadditionasecondvoltagepulsesequenceatitsoutput
terminals130and135,withaperiodequaltotheperiodofthefirstsequence
21.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim20,whereinthefirstpulsesequenceappliedto
generatedattheoutputterminals125and135.Thevoltagepulsesofthesecond
eachoneofthefirstelectricconductors(324338)isshiftedwithrespecttothe
sequenceareshifted,withrespecttothecorrespondingpulsesofthefirst
firstpulsesequenceappliedtoatleastoneadjacentfirstelectricconductor(324
sequence,ofatimeintervalwhichisfixedandshorterthanthisperiod.However,
388)bysaidperiod.
thepresentinventionlendsitselftobeimplementedwithperiodsofthetwopulse
sequenceswhicharenotequalfromeachotherandwithashiftingofdifferent
andevennotfixedlength.Thevoltagepulsesofthesecondsequencehavean
22.Motor(300)accordingtoanyclaimfrom15to21,furthercomprisingafirst
amplitudewhichismultipleoftheamplitudeofthecorrespondingpulsesofthe
electromagneticunit(358)correspondingtoeachoneofthefirst(324338)and
firstsequenceparticularly,theamplitudeofthesevoltagepulsestakesa
second(340)electricconductors,eachfirstelectromagneticunit(358)includinga
"multipliedlow"typevalueVLmanda"multipliedhigh"typevalueVHm
firstprimarywinding(362)andafirstsecondarywinding(380)forproducinga
correspondingtoalowtypepulseVLandahightypepulseVHofthefirst voltagemultipleofthevoltageappliedtothefirstprimarywinding(362)onthe
sequence,respectively.Preferably,theamplitudeofeachpulseofthesecond firstsecondarywinding(380)withadelayequaltosaidtimeinterval,thefirst
sequenceisequalto2,5timestheamplitudeofthecorrespondingpulseofthe primarywinding(362)beingparallelconnectedtothecorrespondingfirstelectric
firstsequence,asdepictedinthesecondtimediagramofFig.2(denotedwiththe conductor(324338)forbeinginputthecorrespondingfirstpulsesequenceand
letterb)inalternativeembodiments,adifferentandevennotfixedmultiplicative thefirstsecondarywinding(380)beingparallelconnectedtothecorresponding
factorisused. secondelectricconductor(340)forapplyingthecorrespondingsecondpulse
sequence.
Thefirstandsecondvoltagepulsesequencesdescribedaboveareappliedtothe
winding110and115,respectively.Inanalternativeembodimentofthepresent
invention,theelectromagneticdevice100hasasinglewindingandatotal
23.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim22,whereineachoneofthefirstprimary
voltagepulsesequencecorrespondingtothesuperimpositionofthefirstand
windings(362)andeachoneofthefirstsecondarywindings(380)isarrangedon
secondsequence,asdepictedinthethirdtimediagramofFig.2(denotedwith
afirststator(360)andafirstrotor(378),respectively.
theletterc),isappliedtoitsterminals.Itshouldbenotedthattheuseoftwo
differentwindingsisparticularlyusefulwhentheperiodofthepulsesequencesis
veryshort,sinceitavoidsinterferencephenomenabetweenconsecutivepulses
24.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim22or23,whereineachfirstelectromagnetic
ofthefirstandsecondsequence.Asdescribedindetailabovewithreferenceto
unit(358)isaccommodatedinahollow(356)providedtransversallyinthe
thepulsesofthefirstandsecondsequence,thepresentinventionlendsitselfto
correspondingmagnet(308).
beimplementedevenwithatotalpulsesequencedifferentfromthedepicted
sequence.Forexample,inalternativeembodiments,thedifferenttypepulses
followoneanotherinthetotalsequenceinanyorder,thereareonlyone,two,
25.Motor(300)accordingtoanyclaimfrom15to24,whereinthemeansfor
threeormorethanfourpulsetypeswithdifferentamplitude,thetotalsequence
generatingpulsesincludeasecondelectromagneticunit(384)comprisinga
includestwoormoreconsecutivepulsesofonesametype,andsoon.Moreover,
secondprimarywinding(388)andasecondsecondarywinding(392)for
itshouldbenotedthattheelectromagneticdevice100ofthepresentinvention
producingavoltagemultipleofthevoltageappliedtothesecondprimarywinding
lendsitselftobeimplementedevenwithasinglewinding110andonlythe
(388)onthesecondsecondarywinding(392),thesecondprimarywinding(388)
describedfirstpulsesequenceappliedtothiswinding.
beingparallelconnectedtoanelectricgenerator(396)throughswitchingmeans
Inadifferentembodimentofthepresentinvention,theelectromagneticdevice (394)forbeinginputabasepulsesequenceandthesecondsecondarywinding
100includesseveralwindingpairs(orseveralsinglewindingsasdescribed (392)beingconnectedtoasignalprocessingunit(382)forapplyingamultiplied
above),andpulsesequencessimilartotheonesdescribedaboveareapplied basepulsesequence,thesignalprocessingunit(382)changingtheamplitudeof
theretoadvantageously,itispossibletoincreasetheperiodofthepulse eachmultipliedbasepulseforgeneratingthefirstpulsesequencesatitsoutput
sequencesappliedtothedifferentwindingsbyusingseveralwindings,obtaining terminals.
thesameperformanceoftheelectromagneticdevice100.Thesepulse
sequencescanbearrangedinseveralmannersforexample,thepulse
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sequencesareofthesametypeordifferenttype,theyhavepulseamplitude
valueswhichareequalordifferent,theyhaveequalordifferentperiod,theyare
phasedorshiftedbetweenoneanother,eitherofatimeintervalwhichismultiple
ofaperiodorofadifferentvalue.Preferably,asshowninthedrawing,the
windings110and115arewoundaroundthemagnet105inawaythatthecurrent
flowingtherethroughandcorrespondingtothedescribedvoltagepulses
generatesamagneticfieldwhichissubstantiallyparallelandconcordantwiththe
magneticfieldgeneratedbythemagnet105,accordingtotherighthandrule
however,thepresentinventionlendsitselftobeimplementedevenwitha
differentarrangementofthewindings110,115.Thepulsesappliedtothewindings
110and115perturbthemagneticfieldgeneratedbythemagnet105andproduce
atotalmagneticfieldhavinganamplitudewhichisextremelyhigherthanthe
amplitudeofthemagneticfieldgeneratedbythemagnet105.Experimentaltests
haveshownthattheresultingmagneticfieldhasanamplitudefarhigher(e.g.
severalthousandstimes)thanthefieldproducedbythemagnet105andthatthe
energygeneratedbytheelectromagneticdevice100isextremelyhigherthanthe
energyabsorbedbytheunit120forgeneratingthepulsesequences.
26.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim25,whereinthesecondprimarywinding(388)
andthesecondsecondarywinding(392)arearrangedonasecondstator(386)
andasecondrotor(390),respectively,thesecondelectromagneticunit(384)
includingmeansforgeneratingafurthermagneticfieldperpendiculartoanaxisof
thesecondrotor(390).
27.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim25or26,furthercomprisingalogicunit(383)
foroperatingthesignalprocessingunit(382)andtheswitchingmeans(394).
28.Motor(300)accordingtoclaim27,furthercomprisingasensorfordetecting
anindicationofarotationspeedoftherotor(304),thelogicunit(383)changing
saidperiodand/ortheamplitudeofthepulsesofthefirstsequencesdepending
onsaidindication.

29.Motor(300)accordingtoanyclaimfrom15to28,furthercomprising
Theelectromagneticdeviceofthepresentinventionissuitabletobeusedin
capacitivemeans(381)connectedinseriestoatleastoneofthefirstelectric
differentapplications,forexampleforproducingthermal,electric,mechanical
conductors(324338).
energy,andsoon.Anexampleofmotorfortransformingtheenergyprovidedby
theelectromagneticdeviceofthepresentinventionintomechanicalenergy
(particularlykineticenergy)isdepictedinFig.3a.Themotor300includesa
stationaryelement(stator)302andamovingelement(rotor)304joinedtogether 30.Electricgeneratorcomprisingtheelectromagneticdeviceaccordingtoany
bymeansofbearings(whicharenotshowninthedrawing)inawaythattheonly claimfrom1to13andaninducedelectricconductorarrangedforbeinginside
possiblerelativemovementisarotationaroundacommonaxis306.Ashort saidmagneticfield.
circuitelectricconductor307iswoundlongitudinallyintheshapeofaspiralon
therotor304.Thestator302includesapermanentmagnetintheshapeofa
hollowcylinderwiththeNorth(N)andSouth(S)polesarrangedatthe 31.Electricgeneratoraccordingtoclaim30,whereinthenumberofconsecutive
longitudinalendspreferably,themagnetofthestator302issplitlongitudinally pulsesofasametypeineachpulsesequenceisrandom.
intoseveralportions308322(eightinthisexample)inordertoreducestray
currents.
32.Methodforproducingenergycomprisingthestepsof:generatingamagnetic
ReferringnowtoFig.3b(elementsincommonwithFig.3aaredenotedwiththe field,generatingatleastonesequenceofelectricpulseshavingamplitudes
samereferencenumbers)adetailedexplodedviewofthestructureofthemagnet variableintime,applyingacorrespondingpulsesequencetoatleastoneelectric
308isshown(similarconsiderationsapplytotheothermagnets310322). conductorarrangedinsidesaidmagneticfield.
Grooves(orslots)whichaccommodateanelectricconductor324(324338in
Fig.3a),forexampleacopperwirewithacrosssectionof1mm,aredrawnon
thesurfaceofthemagnet308theelectricconductor324iswoundaroundthe
magnet308intheshapeofaspiralspreadingoutlongitudinallyinbothdirectionsandformingforexampleahundredof
turns.Furthergroovesaccommodateanotherelectricconductor340,insulatedfromthewinding324theconductor340is
likewisewoundlongitudinallyaroundthemagnet308intheshapeofaspiralformingforexampleahundredofturns.A
transversalhollow356,preferablyperpendiculartothecommonaxis306andthereforealsotothelinesofforceofthefield
generatedbythemagnet308,isprovidedinthemagnet308.Thehollow356accommodatesatleastoneelectromagnetic
unit358includingahollowcylindricstator360offerromagneticmaterialonwhichanelectricconductor362wound
longitudinallyasaspiralisarranged.Arotor378rotationallymovable(withregardtothestator360)aroundacommonaxis,
isaccommodatedinsidethestator360anelectricconductor380,likewisewoundintheshapeofaspiral,isprovidedonthe
rotor378anditisconnectedtotheoutsidebymeansofwipingcontacts,e.g.brushes.Thewinding362(primarywinding)
definesanumberofturns,e.g.100,smallerthanthenumberdefinedbythewinding380(secondarywinding),e.g.250.The
secondarywinding380andthewinding340areparallelconnected,withaterminalincommonandtheotherterminal
connectedtotheearthterminaltheprimarywinding362andthewinding324arelikewiseparallelconnected,withaterminal
incommonandtheotherterminalconnectedtotheearthterminal.

ReferringbacktoFig.3a,eachwinding324338isparallelconnectedtothewindingoppositetotheaxis306particularly,the
notgroundedterminalofthewinding324(onthemagnet308)isconnectedtothecorrespondingterminalofthewinding322
(onthemagnet316),andthewindings326334,328336and330338arelikewiseconnected.Preferably,acapacitive
element381,typicallyacapacitorhavingacapacitysmallerthan40nF,isconnectedinseriestoapairofwindings,e.g.the
pair324332,anditisusefultoincreasethestartingcoupleinloadoperation.Themotor300furtherincludesasignal
processingelectronicunit382(e.g.anORIONtypeprocessorforpoweraudiosignalprocessing)havinganumberofoutput
terminalsequaltothenumberofwindingpairs324338(fourinthisexample)andafurtheroutputterminalconnectedtothe
earthterminaleachoutputterminaloftheunit382isconnectedtothenotgroundedterminalofacorrespondingpairofthe

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windings324338.Thesignalprocessingunit382isoperated,bymeansofcontrolsignals,byalogicunit383,e.g.aDSP
(DigitalSignalProcessing)electroniccard,possiblyconnectedtoaPersonalComputer(PC).

Themotor300comprisesafurtherelectromagneticunit384includingahollowcylindricstator386offerromagneticmaterial
onwhichanelectricconductor388,woundlongitudinallyasaspiral,isarranged.Arotor390rotationallymovable(with
regardtothestator386)aroundacommonaxisisaccommodatedinsidethestator386anelectricconductor392likewise
woundintheshapeofaspiralisprovidedontherotor390anditisconnectedtotheoutsidebymeansofwipingcontacts,
e.g.brushes.Thewinding388(primarywinding)definesalownumberofturns,e.g.ahundred,whilethewinding392
(secondarywinding)definesahighnumberofturns,e.g.athousand.Aterminalofthesecondarywinding392isconnected
totheearthterminal,whiletheotherterminalisconnectedtoaninputterminaloftheunit382.Theprimarywinding388is
parallelconnected,bymeansofanelectromagneticswitch394oranyequivalentmeans(operatedbythelogicunit383),to
anelectricgenerator396,e.g.astoragebatterywhichprovidesavoltageof12Vatitspositive(+)andnegative()terminals
andwhichhasanamperehourcapacityofl,9Ah.Particularly,aterminaloftheprimarywinding388isconnectedtotheearth
terminal,whiletheotherterminalisconnected(throughtheswitch394)tothepositiveterminaloftheelectricgenerator396
thenegativeterminaloftheelectricgenerator396isconnectedtotheearthterminal.

Thelogicunit383periodicallyswitchesontheswitch394forashorttimeintervalinordertoapplyabasepulsesequenceto
theprimarywinding388.Thelengthofthisperiodisinverselyproportional(withthesameperformanceofthemotor300)to
thenumberofwindingpairs324338arrangedonthestator302inthisexample,theswitch394isonevery10"6s,foratime
intervallastingabout10"7s.Thefastvariationofthecurrentappliedtotheprimarywinding388producesamagneticfield
withavariableamplitudethecorrespondingvariationsoffluxlinkagethroughthesecondarywinding392generatesa
sequenceofmultipliedbasepulsesattheendsofthewinding392,whoseamplitude(definingtheminimumlowtypevalue
VL)isrelatedtotheratioofthenumberofturnsofthewindings392and388.Thissequenceofmultipliedbasepulses,
havingafixedamplitude(e.g.380V),isprovidedtotheinputterminalofthesignalprocessingunit382.Preferably,atleast
onefurtherelectromagneticunit(whichisnotshowninthedrawing),similartotheunit358describedwithreferenceto
Fig.3b,orotherequivalentmeansforgeneratingamagneticfieldhavingadirectionpreferablyperpendiculartotheaxisofthe
rotor390,isprovidedinthestator386.Aninducedcurrenthavingoppositedirectionscorrespondingtoeachleadingand
trailingedgeofthebasepulsesisgeneratedinthewinding390.Thedescribedinducedcurrentflowsinthewinding390
whichisinsidethemagneticfieldcreatedbythefurtherelectromagneticunitthewinding390isthensubjecttoaforce
alternativelyrotatingclockwiseandcounterclockwisetherotor390.Advantageously,withthedescribedstructureitis
possibletoobtainavoltagepulsesequencehavingaveryshortperiodalternatively,thesamepulsesequenceisobtained
withconventionalmeans.

Thesignalprocessingunit382(operatedbythelogicunit383)changestheamplitudeofeachreceivedvoltagepulse,
generatingvoltagepulseshavinganamplitudebetweentheinputminimumvalueandasetmaximumvalue,e.g.450V
(definingthemaximumhightypevalueVH).Particularly,alowtypevoltagepulseVLhavinganamplitudewitharandom
valuehigherorequalto380Visprovidedatacertainmomenttoafirstoutputterminalconnectedtothewindingpair324
332ahightypevoltagepulseVHhavinganamplitudewitharandomvaluelowerorequalto450Vandatleast50Vhigher
thantheamplitudeoftheprecedingpulseisprovidedatthenextperiodtothisterminal,andsoonasdescribedabovein
detail.Asimilarvoltagepulsesequencebutwithdifferentvaluesisprovidedtoasecondoutputterminalconnectedtothe
adjacentwindingpair326334thispulsesequenceisoneperiodshiftedwithregardtotheoneappliedtothewindingpair
324332,sothatwhenalowtypepulseVLisonthefirstoutputterminalahightypepulseVHisonthesecondoutput
terminal,andviceversa.Inasimilarmanner,apulsesequence,shiftedwithregardtotheoneappliedtothewindingpair
326334,isprovidedtoathirdoutputterminalconnectedtothewindingpair328336andapulsesequence,shiftedwith
regardtotheprecedingone,isprovidedtoafourthoutputterminalconnectedtothewindingpair330338.Anexampleofthe
pulsesequencesgeneratedbythesignalprocessingunit382is:

1)380V448V381V447V383V450V382V...

2)449V380V450V381V448V382V447V...

3)384V449V383V448V380V446V383V...4)450V382V448V385V449V381V446V...

Ascanbeseen,theamplitudeofthevoltagepulsesappliedinacertainmomenttotheseveralwindingpairs324338
changesspatiallylikewisetheamplitudeofthevoltagepulsesappliedtoeachwindingpairschangesintime.Thispreferred
embodiment(withthelowandhightypevoltagepulsesalternatedspatiallyandintimeandwithanamplitudenotlessthan
380Vandrandom)allowsobtainingaregularmotionwithoutleapsoftherotor304.However,themotor300lendsitselftobe
operatedevenwithdifferentpulsesequences,asdescribedabove.

Thepulsesequenceappliedtoeachwinding324338isappliedatthesametimealsototheprimarywinding362ofthe
correspondingelectromagneticunit358(seeFig.3b),andtothesimilarwindingswhicharenotshowninthedrawings.As
describedwithreferencetotheelectromagneticunit384,apulsecorrespondingtoeachvoltagepulseappliedtotheprimary
winding362andhavinganamplitudemultipleoftheinputpulse,accordingtotheratioofthenumberofturnsofthewindings
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362and380,isgeneratedonthesecondarywinding380withsomedelay(about10"13s).Inthisexample,eachpulseonthe
secondarywinding380hasanamplitudeequalto2,5timestheamplitudeofthecorrespondinginputpulse.Thepulse
sequencegeneratedinthiswayonthesecondarywinding380isappliedtothewinding340anditisslightlyshifted,or
delayed,withrespecttotheinputpulsesequence(directlyappliedtothewinding324).

Thepulsesappliedtothewindingsonthemagnets308322produce,asdescribedabove,averyhighamplitudevariationof
themagneticfieldgeneratingacorrespondingvariationoffluxlinkagethroughthewinding307aninducedelectromotive
forceresultsonthesameanditcausesacurrentflow.Atthesametime,thepulsesappliedtothewinding362andthe
othersimilarwindingsproduceamagneticfieldhavingadirectionperpendiculartothecommonaxis306.Theinduced
currentdescribedaboveflowsinthewinding307whichisinsidethemagneticfieldcreatedbythesewindingsanditisthen
subjecttoanelectromagneticforcehavingadirectiongivenbythelefthandrule.Thisforcerotatestherotor304andthe
shorterthepulseperiodisthehighertherotationspeedis.Itshouldbeappreciatedthatitispossibletomodifyreadilythe
rotationdirectionoftherotor304bychangingthedirectionofthecurrentinthewindingsbymeansofswitches(whichare
notshowninthedrawings).Testresultshaveshownthataveryhighshafthorsepower(e.g.20kW),withanidlespeed
about3000rpm(revolutionsperminute),isobtainedbyabsorbinganegligiblepowerfromtheelectricgenerator396(e.g.
0,07Aper12V,thatis0,84W).Inadifferentembodiment,themotorshaftiscoupledtoanalternatororadirectcurrent
generator(notshowninthedrawing)forproducingelectricenergy.Preferably,averysmallpartoftheproducedenergyis
usedforrechargingthegenerator396.

Itshouldbenotedthatthemotordescribedabovelendsitselftobeconstructedinalternativemanners,forexampleby
arrangingtheshortcircuitwindingonthestatorandthepermanentmagnetswiththerelatedwindings(connectedtothe
signalprocessingunitbymeansofwipingbrushes)ontherotor,orbyusingadifferentnumberofconductorswoundaround
thepermanentmagnets(uptoasinglewindingwithasinglepermanentmagnet),orbyarrangingtheelectromagneticunits
insidethemagnetsonthestatornotperpendicularlytothecommonaxis,orbyfeedingthewindingontherotorwithadirect
current,orbyreplacingthesamewindingwithconductivebarsjoinedattheirendsbytwoconnectingrings,orby
implementingthepulsegenerationunitwithacustomelectroniccircuit,andsoon.

Inapreferredembodiment,themotor300furtherincludespositionsensors(notshowninthedrawing)detectingtherotation
speedoftherotor304(andpossiblytheoneoftherotors378and390aswell).Thesensedvaluesareprovidedtothelogic
unit383whichconsequentlymodifiestheoperationofthemotor300.Particularly,iftherotationspeedishigherthana
predeterminedvalue,thelogicunit383increasestheperiodofthepulsesequences,whilstifthespeedislowerthanthat
valueitreducesthisperiodwhentherotationspeedisnotregular,thelogicunit383increasestheminimumamplitudevalue
ofthevoltagepulses.Themotor300inoperationwarmsupowingtotheenergytransformationprocessithasbeenverified
byteststhatifthetemperatureinsidethestator302raisesuptoacriticalvalue,about100,themotionoftherotor304
stopsanditstartsagainassoonasthetemperaturefallsunderthiscriticalvalue.Thetemperatureofthemotor300
increasesbygoingonfeedingthesamewiththevoltagepulsesdescribedabove(evenwithoutmotionoftherotor304),so
thatthisfeaturecanbeadvantageouslyusedwhenthedeviceisintendedtobeusedasthermalgenerator.Onthecontrary,
whenthedeviceworksasamotoritneedstobecooled,forexamplebyselfventilation,wherecoolairisconveyedontothe
innersurfaceofthestator302bymeansofafanfastenedtothemotorshaft.

Inapreferredembodiment,themotor300worksinacontrolledatmosphere.Particularly,thestator302andtherotor304are
enclosedinacontainer(notshowninthedrawing)atapressurelowerthantheatmosphericpressure,e.g.lowerthan
lOOmbar(preferably70mbar).Inthissituation,ithasbeenshownthattheheatproductionispracticallynegligibleandthat
theyieldofthemotor300improvesconsiderably.Thestructuredescribedabovelendsitselftobeusedwithsimplechanges
aselectricgeneratoraswell.Itisenoughtoreplacetherotor304withastationaryelectricconductor(inducedconductor),
typicallywoundlongitudinallyintheshapeofacoil,whichisthenconnectedtoanexternalloadcircuit.

Advantageously,inthiscasetheelectromagneticunits

(358inFig.3b)accommodatedinthetransversalhollowsprovidedinthepermanentmagnetsandthefurtherwindings

(340inFig.3b)arrangedaroundthepermanentmagnetsarenotused.Inapreferredembodiment,eachpulsesequence
generatedbythesignalprocessingunit(382inFig.3a)andappliedtoapairofoppositewindings(324338inFig.3a),
arrangedaroundthepermanentmagnets,isconstitutedbyoneormorepulsesofasametypealternatedtooneormore
pulsesofadifferenttype,whereinthenumberofconsecutivepulsesofthesametypeisrandom.Inpractice,thesignal
processingunitprovidesrandomthedifferenttypeofgeneratedpulsestoitsoutputterminals.

Inamannersimilartotheonedescribedintheprecedingcase,thepulsesequencescauseavariationofmagneticflux
linkagethroughthiscoilandaninducedelectromotiveforcewithaveryhighpower(e.g.sometenskW)resultsattheends
ofthecoilitself.Testresultshaveshownthatthevoltagevalueattheendsoftheinducedwindingisrelatedtothe
differencebetweentheamplitudeofthelowtypepulsesVLandtheamplitudeofthehightypepulsesVHforexample,a
differenceofabout60Vhasbeenusedinordertogeta220Vvoltage.Moreover,itshouldbenotedthattheelectricgenerator
describedabovedoesnotwarmup,sothatitispreferablyusedatatmosphericpressurewithoutanycoolingsystem.
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Apersonskilledintheartwillofcoursebeabletomakemanymodificationsandalterationstotheelectromagneticdevice
describedaboveinordertosatisfylocalandspecificrequirements,allsuchchangesremaining,however,withinthescope
ofprotectionoftheinventionasdefinedbythefollowingclaims.

PATENTCITATIONS
CitedPatent Filingdate Publicationdate Applicant Title
PINHEIRO,Maurodoing
Devicesthatgeneratemagneticsuperpulse(msp)createdby
businessasMAGNETIC
WO1996037944A1* May21,1996 Nov28,1996 thetransformationofthepulsatingenergyconvertedelectro
SUPERPULSE
mechanically(pecem)
TECHNOLOGIES
Controlvalveforhydraulicshockabsorberofmotorvehicle
AugustBilsteinGmbh&
useselectromagnettoincreaseforceofpermanentmagnet
DE4039236C1* Dec8,1990 May27,1992 Co.Kg,5828Ennepetal,
andopenby=passagainstmechanicalspringforceclosing
De
by=pass
EP0162966A2* Dec21,1984 Dec4,1985 VDOAdolfSchindlingAG Electricsteppermotor
US3999090* Sep30,1975 Dec21,1976 Crs Steppermotor
*Citedbyexaminer

REFERENCEDBY
CitingPatent Filingdate Publicationdate Applicant Title
WO2007032706A1* Aug11,2006 Mar22,2007 MilyaevKonstantinVyacheslavo Engine
*Citedbyexaminer

CLASSIFICATIONS

InternationalClassification H02K57/00
CooperativeClassification H02K99/20
EuropeanClassification H02K57/00C

LEGALEVENTS
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Kindcodeofrefdocument:A1
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Sep17,1998 AL
regionalpatents DEDKESFIFRGBGRIEITLUMCNLPTSEBFBJCFCGCICMGAGNMLMRNESN
TDTG
Kindcodeofrefdocument:A1
Designatedstate(s):ALAMATAUAZBABBBGBRBYCACHCNCUCZDEDKEEESFI
Sep17,1998 AK Designatedstates
GBGEHUILISJPKEKGKPKRKZLCLKLRLSLTLULVMDMGMKMNMWMXNONZ
PLPTRORUSDSESGSISKTJTMTRTTUAUGUSUZVNYU
Ep:theepohasbeen
informedbywipothatep
Feb17,1999 121
wasdesignatedinthis
application
Refcountrycode:DE
Jul15,1999 REG Referencetonationalcode
Reflegaleventcode:8642
Ep:pctapplicationnon
Sep29,1999 122
entryineuropeanphase
Nonentryintothenational Refcountrycode:CA
Nov11,1999 NENP
phasein:
Refcountrycode:JP
Nonentryintothenational Refdocumentnumber:1998539404
Mar3,2000 NENP
phasein:
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