Delhi city planning department and IBM teams were in deep discussion on creating a joint

strategic roadmap to address the transportation and traffic problem of Delhi city. As a member
of the planning team, you have to share a comprehensive solution for the following:

1. Devise a strategic roadmap with short and medium-term goals to address the transportation
and traffic requirement of Delhi

2. Devise a smart ITS plan for Delhi and IBM for short term benefits to address the following:

Citizen convenience
Reduce congestion
Reduce pollution
Provide a platform to citizens to plan their journey
Engage citizens- participation, feedback, grievance redressal

With the existing infrastructure, propose with specific recommendations a plan that is
implementable within 1 year using the framework of a Smart Transportation System for more
efficient traffic management.

Problems
Methodology to derive solutions
Actions
Expected Results or Desired Situation

The Need
Traffic congestion costs $10 Bn/year
3 Indian cities in the top 10 list of worst traffic conditions
1% of worlds cars in India amounts to 10% of worlds road accident deaths

Methodology
Electric Cars - Electric vehicles have the potential to occupy about 2 to 5 per cent
of the Indian market by 2020.

Charging stations will be needed where there is on-street parking, at taxi stands,
in parking lots

Existing filling stations may also incorporate charging stations.

Charging stations are usually connected to the electrical grid,

Refrigerated vehicles - effective transportation of durables

Intelligent Traffic Monitoring

Electric Priority Line: Stimulate sustainable transport, induction charging
offers the possibility to charge themselves while driving
Interactive Lightening: Sustainable and cost-saving alternative to
continuous lighting; provides speed guidance
Dynamic Lines: Contribute to capacity management, Dynamic traffic
control, adjustable depending on the situation.

Expert Integrated Road & Highway support solution by Tech Mahindra

Underlying infrastructure for implementation of smart transportation

systems
Enabling road & highway infrastructure using ICT has an estimated potential of
over 50 crore in projects in execution stage

Waste collection & transportation: Smart electric vehicles

Remote and dynamic configuration: Routing and configuration of trucks,
GPS enabled sensors to track the position

Segregation of Waste: Equipping trucks with sensors to automate waste

storage and segregate different types of garbage on-the-go

Route planning and optimization: Data Analytics and Real-Time monitoring

of route and optimize it to the best

Multi Modal Interconnected Public Transportation

Implementation of electric buses and Metro trains

Positive Train Control system

Incorporating maintenance needs based on the prevailing operational

conditions
Help multi modal system to become agile to meet changing market
demands
Management Information System (MIS) and BOS support for various
business and functional requirements of railroad and buses

Development of specifications for interoperability and compliance

Integrated transit hubs

Connect multiple modes of transportation like bus system and metro
system

Enable labor, goods and services to move freely, cheaply and safely

System study and independent assessment for performance, interface

ability and compliance of multi modal system
Central information and Incident Management systems

Fuel optimizing solutions

Integrating multiple diverse systems to leverage the

joint capacity and capabilities

Electric Vehicles
Support electricity and renewable energy operated cars with the required
infrastructure

Expand Public Electric Vehicle (EV) infrastructure that ensures the safe,
reliable, and efficient integration of EV charging loads with the power grid

Drivers get information about available parking spots and charging

stations, leading to efficiency and convenience
Reva provides the electric cars for personal use on rent or for purchase
Provides charging station in collaboration with OEMs

Smart Toll & Parking

Parking sensors, cameras, smart parking solutions

Smart toll leverages technology like number plate detection, RFID to

charge toll fees to user account

Single fare card for fare payment on the various participating public
transportation systems

MIS development system for smart parking; integration of back office to

application

Integration of all private and public vehicles with

sensors and toll for payment using single fare card

Potential: Complementary solutions for Highway projects in design and execution

phase.

Geospatial-enabled Public
Transportation Surveillance
Geospatial-enabled services provide periodic traffic forecast, journey
planning mobile applications based on real-time data of public transport

Remotely monitors the public transport and takes action against any
accident/incidents

End to end railroad applications management services for Railroad

surveillance

Train scheduling and dispatch control systems

Communication-based Train Control (CBTC)

Innovative PTS in portfolio

Potential: Leader in End-to-End product development for safety integrity

Freight ICT Services

Save time and energy by improving the efficiency of freight vehicle
operations

ICT brings the potential for virtually unlimited data collection, greatly
enhanced predictive capabilities

Real-time, dynamic decision-making and Implementation of ICT

Leveraging the existing systems and manpower to the maximum

operational efficiency

Training and simulation solutions, such as loco and yard simulation,

engineer and conductor training

Potential : Industry Carriage Services , Fleet management & Supply chain

management solutions

RFID also linked to driving license , all traffic signals should be integrated through smart
network
Singapore - smart pricing to reduce congestion

Job creation - Infrastructure creation, maintenance

US guy - rewarding those who follow speed limits through personalized letter of appreciation
Ahmedabad - separate corridor for buses
Google Echo - planning for cars as well
Internet of Things: The Smart Cities movement is opening up new opportunities for urban
infrastructure and mobility. Software systems can facilitate trip planning and guide AVs based
on real-time conditions, while also helping planners add capacity and improve reliability to help
mass transit remain competitive

Under the dense, developing cities scenario, what McKinsey calls a Clean and Share model is expected
to emerge. Under this model, infrastructure improvements will have the most significant impact on
integrated mobility, helping alleviate traffic congestion and providing efficient mobility services that can
meet the demands of rapid population growth. High-capacity public transport and shared mobility
services are likely to provide the most effective at satisfying mobility needs, with shared light vehicles
accounting for approximately one third of vehicle miles traveled in an average-sized city by 2030.
Advances in decentralized renewable power generation, in addition to mounting concerns about pollution,
are also expected to drive a shift towards electric vehicles. McKinsey projects that 40 percent of vehicles
in developing, dense cities will be electric by 2030.
The report suggests that cities such as Delhi, Istanbul and Mumbai, which fall into the category of dense,
developing cities, are well-poised to make early transitions to integrated mobility based on factors such as
above-average GDP per capita, population size, track record of effectively implementing public projects
and urgent pollution and congestion problems.
These cities stand to benefit significantly from mobility advances, with McKinsey estimating gains of
$600 million in annual societal benefits by 2030. Between the period of 2015 to 2030, these benefits
could add up to $3 billion and $4 billion, or $2,200 to $2,800 per resident.

The future of urban mobility is ACES: Autonomous, Connected, Electric, and Shared.
Over a million plug-in hybrids and pure electric vehicles are on the road. By 2025, Navigant
expects 37 million electric vehicles (EVs) on the global roads, fueled by lithium battery costs
falling from $1,000 per kWh in 2010 to $145 (GMs price from LG Chem reports Car and Driver).

Drivers kill over a million people annually, making the road unsafe for other drivers, bicyclers,
and pedestrians. Self-driving cars see better using multiple cameras, lasers, and lidar. Self-
driving cars are totally focused on driving; dont text, bounce to music, drive after drinking,
smoke dope, or get distracted.

Reasons for Congestion in traffic

1. One car slowing down leads to a cascading effect- solution- changing the way we drive
2.
Appendix

Tie-up with web and sms-based pooling and bike sharing system
Association with public to promote car pools in commercial and official complexes
Management Information System(MIS) and app support for dynamic car pooling and
bike sharing
Dimension Working Indicator Description
Area
Smart Efficient Clean-energy Kilometers of bicycle paths and lanes per 100,000
Transporta Transport Transport (ISO 37120: 18.7)
tion
# of shared bicycles per capita

# of shared vehicles per capita

# of EV charging stations within the city

Multi- Public Annual # of public transport trips per capita (ISO

modal Transport 37120: 18.3)
Access

% non-motorized transport trips of total transport

Integrated fare system for public transport

Technolog Smart cards % of total revenue from public transit obtained via
y unified smart card systems
Infrastructu
re

Access to real- Presence of demand-based pricing (e.g.

time congestion pricing, variably priced toll lanes,
information variably priced parking spaces). Y/N

% of traffic lights connected to real-time traffic

management system

# of public transit services that offer real time

information to the public: 1 point for each transit
category up to 5 total points (bus, regional train,
metro, rapid transit system (e.g. BRT, tram), and
sharing modes (e.g. bikesharing, carsharing)

Availability of multi-modal transit app with at least

3 services integrated (Y/N)
1. Devise a strategic roadmap with short and medium-term goals to address the
transportation and traffic requirement of Delhi
Short Term:
1. Shared Mobility
Long term:
1. Connecting Low-Income People to Opportunity
2. Investing in mass rapid Transit
3. Educating to driver properly so as to reduce congestion in highways

Shared Mobility:
It is organized into nine sections including: 1)carsharing; 2) scooter sharing; 3) bikesharing; 4)
on-demand ride services (ridesourcing/TNCs, ridesplitting, and e-Hail); 5) ridesharing; 6)
alternative transit services (shuttles and microtransit); 7)
courier network services; 8) trip planning apps; and 9) a summary.

These services, which include car-share, bike-share and ride-share, maximize

the use of vehicles by sharing them among multiple users, encourage more
transport options, and aim to reduce transportation costs for users. While mass
rapid transit moves the most people most efficiently and is the backbone for
It requires a a cultural shift in which access to assets is valued
over ownership. While investing in mass rapid transit is
central to long-term sustainability, shared mobility can help fill in the gaps as well
as extend the reach of existing public transit networks.
Bike Shar: Membership fee, usage based fee
CAR sharing: Round trip, one way, Peer to peer
Ride Share: Vanpooling, carpool, demand responsive transit
Connecting Low-Income People to Opportunity: Since the
location of housing, jobs, and services for low-income people vary greatly by city,
this spatial mismatch will need to be assessed on a region-by-region basis.
Barriers: those that deter users from accessing the systems and those that
deter operators from adequately expanding systems into low-income
communities.Physical access, logistical access like internet, smartphone, regulatory access,
informational and cultural barriers, distrust of authority, discomfort with shared
mobility systems, or preference for the comfort of another culturally congruent
system
Recommendation:
Launch pilot projects based on research of the actual transportation needs faced by low-
income communities.
Research shared mobility business models, especially those with cross-sector partnerships,
to understand how best to reach low-income communities.

Transporation network companies

ADVANTAGES: Reduced cost, increased choice, increased flexibility in route and use
Disadvantage: lower income people not taking full advantage of ride share

urban development,

c. Reduce pollution
d. Provide a platform to citizens to plan their journey
e. Engage citizens- participation, feedback, grievance redressal
With the existing infrastructure, propose with specific recommendations a plan that is
implementable within 1 year using the framework of a Smart Transportation System for
more efficient traffic management.

Some other Initiatives

Reallocation of public space [6] and parking [7] for efficient modes
are facing steep challenges from traditional inefficient system entities. Intensifying
remaining developable urban lands [8] and replacing surface parking spaces with
infill developments [9] have emerged as leading city building strategies in the last
decade to protect the last remaining green spaces.
Improving road infrastructure in streets, and so that people take alternative routes to reach
nearby transits

The wider is safer approach without any scientific basis resulted in 2125% of pavement
dedicated to vehicles being unused

Forging a positive relationship between technology, business and environment

The new mobility model will assess, measure, and integrate every possible element of the
mobility ecosystem.
Digital technology enhancements
Intelligent transportation system will be multimodal involving all forms of transportation. It will be
centralized and will provide intel to all forms of vehicles. Travellers will be connected with every
means of travel. Digital interface installed in vehicles will provide
Navigation
Communication
Platooning: keping trucks and vehicles on the same lane with same speed: reduces fuel
consumption
Entertainment: downloading tv, music from the cloud
Safety
Efiicient
Each vehicle will be connected to others, trafiic signals, intelligent traffic systems and a
centralized database. Cars providing directions to smart parking, nearby gas stations,
intersections. Sensors inside can personalize the car for driver. Sensors outside can determine
lane departures, and respond to potential dangers. Cars will be calculating distance of cars in
the vicinity and give signals for slowing down, assist in parking, remind for slowing down to an
upcoming interaction. It will assist to adapt speed to maintain safe distance from cars in front. In
case of a collission , intelligence units in place will automatically inform the medical services,
inform the upcoming vehicles to reroute. It will not only reduce collisions but also will increase
average speed of travelling over an highway
Connecting vehicles to pedestrian LTE phones
ITS system
Traffic management centre
Communication: software/ electronic gear
Roadside devices: CCTV, VMs, Radar, TTI
Partnerships: Public-Public, Public-Private
Agreements: Operational, data sharing, infrastructure sharing, incident management

Thirdly, digital technologies with real-time information on trains, buses and on-demand/shared
service availability can shrink the reliability buffer. the extra time a traveler
builds into a trip to account for possible delays, and significantly reduce the time
window improving quality of service.

Real time and open or crowdsource data, therefore, is a vital part of identifying the trends that
turn into mobility needs and developing quantitative process and evaluation models for each
mobility option. The proposed model of a future mobility ecosystem must be able to support
people and the choices they desire with minimal constraints. In order to achieve this, three
levels of adoption rates were assumed: Level 1 is the basic shared systems currently available,
Level 2 takes into account available connected and real-time technology, and Level 3
recognizes how peoples values are shifting under economic realities and imminent
environmental pressures. Among the shared vehicles systems, three levels were assumed:
basic sharing technology, connected and electrical products, and fully autonomous
technologies.
Centralised IT system will be linked to a central live database which will tell.
Which route to take
To shut engine when in jam
Traffic lights mapped into the car
Real time data of flights, trains , buses which is reliable
connected technologies and real time display inform about available service, service status,
location or service disruption.
Connected technologies also ensure users can pay, book, and locate services
Incentive system:
These registered vehicles can pass through toll booth without stopping. Automatic payment of
toll fee.
Dynamic pricing for toll booth depending on the congestion.
Smart devices on system will dynamically calculate your CO2 emissions, petrol consumption if
you take a given route and thus will incentivize you with freebies if you take an alternate route.