A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

VISION & MISSION

Institute Vision:
Confect as a premier institute for professional education by moulding technocrats
who can address the societys needs through inventions and innovations

Institute Mission:
Partake in the national growth of technological, industrial arena with societal
responsibilities

Provide an environment that promotes productive research

Meet stakeholders expectations through continued and sustained quality

improvements

Department Vision:

To help in making the institute in providing competitive engineering education to

the learner and bring out quality professionals in the field of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, who can meet the industrial needs by taking up existing,
new engineering and social challenges.

Department Mission:
To provide quality and effective training in the domain of Electronics and
Communication Engineering through curriculum, state of art laboratories, industrial
collaborative programs, effective learning and teaching process, Co-curricular and Extra-
curricular activities.

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Program Educational Objectives:

P1. Develop strong foundation in Electronics and Communication Engineering to achieve

the needs of industry with continuous skill improvement of faculty and students.
P2.Contribute to society in solving technical problems using electronic and
communication principles, tools, practices and Team work.
P3. Personally encourage peers to uphold to professional, ethical, social, environmental
responsibilities of their profession.

PROGRAM OUTCOMES & PROGRAM SPECIFIC

OUTCOMES

Program Outcomes:

PO1: Engineering knowledge

Apply knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an

engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.

PO2: Problem analysis

Identify, formulate, research literature and analyze complex engineering problems

reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences
and engineering sciences.

PO3: Design/development of solutions

Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design system

components or processes that meet specified needs with appropriate consideration for
public health and safety, cultural, societal and environmental considerations.

PO4: Conduct investigations of complex problems

Research based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments,

analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of information to provide valid
conclusions.

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

PO5: Modern tool usage

Create, select and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern

engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering
activities with an under- standing of the limitations.

PO6: The engineer and society

Apply reasoning informed by contextual knowledge to assess societal, health,

safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to
professional engineering practice.

PO7: Environment and sustainability

Understand the impact of professional engineering solutions in societal and

environmental contexts and demonstrate knowledge of and need for sustainable
development.

PO8: Ethics

Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of engineering practice.

PO9: Individual and team work

Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse teams

and in multidisciplinary settings.

PO10: Communication

Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering

community and with society at large, such as being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations and give and
receive clear instructions.

PO11: Project management and finance

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of engineering and management

principles and apply these to ones own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

PO12: Life-long learning

Recognize the need for and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life- long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

PSO1: Practice in Embedded Systems

An ability to recognize and adapt to emerging trends in embedded systems and its
applications.

PSO2: Signal & Image Analysis

An ability to perform Signal & Image processing in the field of communication.

PSO3: Digital System design

An ability to design a system or process to meet desired needs in VLSI.

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

ABSTRACT
In the hospitals, when operation, either minor or major is performed; the patient must
be in anaesthetized condition. If the operation lasts for a long time, say suppose for 4 or 5
hours, anaesthesia cannot be give in a single stroke to the patient. Over dosage may cause
a critical condition, it may be fatal or sometimes may lead to coma. If lower amount of
anaesthesia is given to the patient, they may wakeup during the operation.
To overcome this problem, the anaesthetist administers few millilitres of
anaesthesia for particular intervals to the patient in a particular time period. If the
anaesthetist fails to administer the anaesthesia to the patient at the time intervals the
patient senses the pain, which should not happen at all.
Overcome this problems the design of an automatic operation of an anaesthesia
machine based on a microcontroller is effective. In this system a keypad is provided along
with the microcontroller and syringe. The anaesthetist can set the level of anaesthesia in
terms of millilitres for required time intervals to administer anaesthesia to the patient with
the help of keypad.
After receiving the signal from the keypad, the microcontroller controls the
signal to the desire level and signals the DC motor to drive the piston of syringe in proper
manner. The anaesthesia is administered to the patient according to the speed of the DC
motor rotation. In addition to this, two sensors i.e., Temperature sensor and heartbeat
sensor are also included. These sensors continuously monitor the patient.
Expected Outcomes:

PO1: Engineering knowledge

PO2: Problem analysis

PO3: Design/development of solutions

PO4: Conduct investigations of complex problems

PO9: Individual and team work

PO10: Communication

PO12: Life-long learning

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Name of the Figure Page No

3.1 Block Diagram of Automatic Anaesthesia Injector 12
4.1 ARM7TDMI Core Diagram 17
4.2 LPC2148 Microcontroller Pin Diagram 23
4.3 Block Diagram of Regulated Power Supply System 31
4.4 Bridge Rectifier and Waveform 32
4.5 Regulator 32
4.6 MAX 232 33
4.7 DB9 Connector Diagram 33
4.8 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) 35
4.9 16 Pin Diagram of LCD Display 35
4.10 Interfacing of LCD with LPC2148 37
4.11 Basic Centigrade Temperature Sensor 40
4.12 Plastic Package 40
4.13 Circuit Diagram of LM 35 40
4.14 LM35 Interfacing with Microcontroller 41
4.15 Heart Beat Sensor 42
4.16 Waveform of Heart Beat received by Detector 43
4.17 Interfacing of Heartbeat Sensor with Microcontroller 44
4.18 L293D 45
4.19 Pin Diagram of L293D 46
4.20 Block Diagram of L293 47
4.21 DC motor 47
4.22 DC one pole 49
4.23 Interfacing DC motor with microcontroller 49
4.24 Syringe 50
4.25 Schematic diagram 51
5.1 Flash magic window 52
5.2 Terminal Settings window 53
5.3 Flash Magic Terminal Window 53
5.4 Physical View of Automatic Anaesthesia Injector 54
using Arm Controller

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

LIST OF TABLES
Table No Name of the Table Page No

2.1 Volumes Infused by each of the infusion devices 7

4.1 Pin Descriptions of LCD 36

4.2 Instruction Set of LCD 37

4.3 Pin Description of Motor Driver 46

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A Project Report on Automatic Anaesthesia Injector

NOMENCLATURE

Acronym Description
LM35 Linear Monolithic
SSP System Service Processor
UART Universal Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter
PDA Personal Digital Assistants
LED Light Emitting Diode
SMD Surface Mount Device
GPIO General Purpose Input Output
AAI Administrative Anaesthesia
Identifier
HB Heart Beat
RPM Revolutions per Minute
UHF Ultra High Frequency
LCD Liquid-Crystal Display
DVD Digital Versatile Disc
CRT Cathode Ray Tube
AC Motor Alternating Current Motor
RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer
SRAM Static Random Access Memory
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
GPIO General Purpose Input/output
ISP In-System Programming
IAP In-Application Programming
LQFP Low-Profile Quad Flat Package
DMA Direct Memory Access
RTC Real-Time Clock
DCC Debug Communication Channel
DSR Data Set Ready
LPC Low Power Consumption
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

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