Cu 1: Cc ht cu to nn ht nhn ca hu ht cc nguyn t l

A. ntron,electron B. electron,ntron,proton
C. electron, proton D. proton,ntron
107
Cu 2: Trong thin nhin Ag c hai ng v 44 Ag(56%). Tnh s khi ca ng v th hai. Bit
nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Ag l 107,88 u.
A. 109 B. 107 C. 106 D. 108
Cu 3: Chn cu pht biu sai:
A. S khi bng tng s ht p v n
B. Tng s p v s e c gi l s khi
C. Trong 1 nguyn t s p = s e = s n v in tch ht nhn
D. S p bng s e
Cu 4: Nguyn t ca nguyn t no sau y c s ht ntron nh nht ?
A. 199 F B. 41
21 Sc C. 39
19 K D. 40
20 Ca

Cu 5: A,B l 2 nguyn t ng v. A c s khi bng 24 chim 60%, nguyn t khi trung bnh
ca hai ng v l 24,4. S khi ca ng v B l
A. 26 B. 25 C. 23 D. 27
Cu 14: Nguyn t c 10n v s khi 19. vy s p l
A. 9 B. 10 C. 19 D. 28
Cu 15: Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e bng 40.Trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn
tng s ht khng mang in l 12 ht. S khi ca nguyn t X l
A. 13 B. 40 C. 14 D. 27
19
Cu 16: Nguyn t 9 F c tng s ht p,n,e l
A. 20 B. 9 C. 28 D. 19
Cu 17: K hiu ha hc biu th y c trng cho nguyn t ca nguyn t ha hc v n cho
bit:
A. s A v s Z B. s A
C. nguyn t khi ca nguyn t D. s hiu nguyn t
40 39 41
Cu 18: Nhng nguyn t 20 Ca, 19 K, 21 Sc c cng:
A. s hiu nguyn t B. s e C. s ntron D. s khi
Cu 19: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca R l 79,91; R c 2 ng v. Bit 79R( 54,5%). Nguyn t
khi ca ng v th 2 c gi tr l bao nhiu?
A. 81 B. 85 C. 82 D. 80
86
Cu 20: Trong nguyn t 37 Rb c tng s ht p v n l
A. 49 B. 123 C. 37 D. 86
Cu 21:Nguyn t ha hc l tp hp nhng nguyn t c cng:
A. s ntron v proton B. s ntron
C. s proton trong ht nhn D. s khi.
Cu 22:Nguyn t S(Z=16) nhn thm 2e th cu hnh e tng ng ca n l:
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s3 D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
Cu 23. Nguyn t Na(Z=11) b mt i 1e th cu hnh e tng ng ca n l
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s3 D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
Cu 24: Nguyn t K(Z=19) c s lp electron l
A. 3 B. 2 C. 1 D. 4.
2 2 6 2 6 1
Cu 25: Cu hnh e sau: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s l ca nguyn t no sau y:
A. F (Z = 9). B. Na (Z = 11) C. K (Z =19). D. Cl (Z =17).
Cu 26: Nguyn t ca nguyn t no sau y l phi kim.
A. D(Z=11) B. A(Z=6) C. B(Z=19) D. C(Z=2).
Cu 27: Nguyn t P(Z=15) c s e lp ngoi cng l
 A. 8 B. 4 C. 5 D. 7
1
Cu 28: Nguyn t ca nguyn t R c phn lp ngoi cng l 3d . Vy s hiu nguyn t ca
nguyn t R l:
A. 21 B. 15 C. 25 D. 24.
Cu 29: Nguyn t ca nguyn t no sau y khi nhn thm 1e th t cu hnh e ca Ne(Z=10).
A. Cl(Z=17) B. F(Z=9) C. N(Z=7) D. Na(Z=11)
Cu 30: Cu hnh e sau: [ Ar ] 4s l ca nguyn t no sau y:
2

A. Na (Z = 11). B. C (Z = 6). C. K (Z = 19). D. Ca (Z =20).

12 14 14
Cu 31: C 3 nguyn t: 6 X , 7 Y , 6 Z . Nhng nguyn t no l ng v ca mt nguyn t?
A. X & Y B. Y & Z C. X & Z D. X,Y & Z.
Cu 32: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e l 52 v s khi l 35. Cu hnh electron ca X l
A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
2 2 6 2 4
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p64s2 3d105s2 4p3
Cu 33: Nguyn t X c tng s ht p,n,e l 34 v s khi l 23. S lp electron v s electron lp
ngoi cng ln lt l
A. 3 & 1 B. 2 & 1 C. 4 & 1 D. 1 & 3.
63 65
Cu 34: ng c 2 ng v 29Cu,29Cu. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cu l 63,54. Phn trm
63
khi lng 29 Cutrong CuSO4.5H2O (S=32; O=16; H=1) l
A. 18,43% B. 7,03% C. 36,86% D. 14,06%
35 37
Cu 35: Clo c 2 ng v : Cl, Cl Phn t khi trung bnh ca Cl2 l 70,906. Phn trm khi
lng 35Cl trong Cl2 l
A. 22,65% B. 77,36% C. 23,64% D. 76,36%
Cu 36: Phn t XY3 c tng s proton, ntron, electron l 195 trong s ht mang in nhiu
hn s ht khng mang in l 61. S khi ca Y nhiu hn s khi ca X l 25. Tng s proton,
ntron, electron ca Y nhiu hn tng s proton, ntron, electron ca X l 37. Tng s proton
trong phn t Y X(168O)3 l
A. 49 B. 60 C. 50 D. 52.
Cu 37: Trong t nhin, Gali c 2 ng v l :69Ga (60,1%) v 71Ga (39,9%). Nguyn t khi trung
bnh ca Ga l
A. 70,00 B. 71,20 C. 70,20 D. 69,80.
Cu 38: Tng in tch ca ca 1 ht nhn nguyn t X v 1 ht nhn nguyn t Y l 30. S
electron ca 1 nguyn t X nhiu hn s electron ca 1 nguyn t Y l n ht. Gi tr ca n v in
tch ht nhn ca Y ph hp l
A. 2 v 13+ B. 6 v 12+ C. 8 v 10+ D. 4 v 11+
Cu 39: rong t nhin Cu c 2 ng v 63Cu v 65Cu. Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Cu l
63,54. Bit MBr = 80. Thnh phn % v khi lng 63Cu trong CuBr2 l :
A.26,07% B. 34,18% C. 20,57% D. 20,05%.
56 37
Cu 40: Cho phn t 26 Fe( 17 Cl)3 . Khng nh no sau y v phn t trn l sai?
A. Tng s proton, ntron, electron trong phn t l 248.
B. S ntron trong phn t chim 36,885% tng s proton, ntron, electron .
C. Trong phn t s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 32.
D. Phn t khi ca phn t trn l 167.
37
Cu 41: Trong t nhin clo c hai ng v bn: 17 Cl chim 24,23% tng s nguyn t, cn li
35 37
l 17 Cl . Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca 17 Cl trong HClO2 l:
A. 13,92% B. 10,43% C. 12,38% D. 11,79%.
Cu 42: Mt hp cht ion cu to t ion M2+ v X , tng s ht (proton , ntron , electron) trong
phn t MX2 l 186 ht trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 54 ht.S
khi ca ion M2+ nhiu hn X- l 21. Tng s ht M2+ nhiu hn trong X l 27 ht. Xc nh M.
A. Be B. Fe C. Mg D. Ca.

T LUN
Cu 1: Xc nh cu to ht (tm s electron, s proton, s ntron), vit k hiu nguyn t ca
cc nguyn t sau, bit:
a) Tng s ht l 40, s ht khng mang in nhiu hn s ht mang in dng l 1 ht.
b) Tng s ht l 36, s ht mang in gp i s ht khng mang in.
c) Tng s ht l 52, s ht khng mang in bng 1,06 ln s ht mang in m.
d) Tng s ht l 49, s ht khng mang in bng 53,125% s ht mang in.
Cu 2: Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht l 34, trong s ht mang in nhiu gp 1,8333 ln s
ht khng mang in. Tm s ht p, n, e v s khi ca R?
Cu 3: Brom c 2 ng v bn trong ng v 3579Br chim 54,5%. Tm ng v th 2 bit
NTKTB ca Brom l 79,91.
Cu 4: Nguyn t X c 2 ng v vi t l s nguyn t l 27/23. Ht nhn nguyn t X c 35p.
ng v th nht c 44 ntron. ng v th hai c nhiu hn ng v th nht 2 ntron. Tnh
nguyn t khi trung bnh ca X?
Cu 5: NTKTB ca Ag l 107,87. Trong t nhin Ag c 2 ng v, trong 10947Ag chim 44%.
Xc nh s khi v vit k hiu nguyn t ca ng v cn li.
Cu 6. Nguyn t R c tng s ht l 115 v c s khi l 80. Tm in tch ht nhn ca R?
Cu 7. Tng s ht trong nguyn t R l 155, s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang
in l 33. Tm s p, n, e v in tch ht nhn ca R ?
Cu 8: Mt cation R3+ c tng s ht l 37. T s ht e i vi n l 5/7. Tm s p, e, n trong R3+ ?
Cu 9: Trong anion X3- tng s ht l 111, s e bng 48% s khi. Tm s p, n, e v s khi ca
X3-?
Cu 10: Mt kim loi M c khi lng l 54. Tng s cc ht trong M2+ l 78. Tm cc loi ht
ca R.
Cu 11: Cho hp cht MX2. Trong phn t MX2, tng s ht c bn l 140 v s ht mang in
nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 44. S khi ca X ln hn s khi ca M l 11. Tng s ht
c bn trong X nhiu hn trong M l 16. xc nh k hiu nguyn t M, X v cng thc phn t
MX2?
Cu 12. a) Vit cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t l : 3, 11 ; 4, 12 ; 7, 15
; 8, 16 ; 10, 18
b) Nhn xt s electron lp ngoi cng ca tng nguyn t.
c) Nhng cp no l kim loi, phi kim, kh him ?
Cu 13. Tng s ht ntron, proton v electron trong nguyn t ca mt nguyn t l 40 .
a) Xc nh s khi ca nguyn t .
b) Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t .
Cu 14. Vit cu hnh electron ca oxi (Z = 8) v lu hunh (Z = 16), nit (Z = 7) v phot pho
(Z = 15). Nhn xt v s electron ngoi cng ca tng cp. Chng l kim loi hay phi kim ?
Cu 15. Nguyn t X c 3 lp electron. Lp th 3 c 4 electron.
a) Nguyn t X c bao nhiu electron ? Bao nhiu proton ?
b) S hiu nguyn t ca X l bao nhiu?
Cu 16: Vit cu hnh eca cc nguyn t v ion sau:
O (Z=8); O2-; S (Z=16); S2-; Cl (Z=17); Cl-; K (Z=19); K+, Ca (Z=20); Ca2+, Fe (Z=26); Fe2+;
Fe3+.