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You are here: Home / Audio Projects / How to Build a Microphone Amplifier Circuit
Dear Readers, If you find any Arduino program code errors or dead Arduino library links,
please notify us through the comment section, we will fix it soon.
In this article we are going to see how to build a microphone amplifier circuit with
operational amplifier LM324. This circuit can be used as good pre-amplifier for audio
projects.
The heart of the mic amplifier circuit is an op-amp LM324 which is quad op-amp
moulded in single IC. We are going to use one of them for our project. Readers can try
different op-amp such as IC 741 etc or IC LM321.
Microphone is a device which converts sound waves into electrical signals. But the raw
electrical signal from the microphone is not enough to process signals for your project.
A typical microphone used for hobby projects may give out approximately 0.02V peak
to peak signal, which is insufficient to detect by an IC or microcontroller. To produce
higher voltage signal, we would need an amplifier.
higher voltage signal, we would need an amplifier.
The major advantage of an op-amp based amplifier is that we can adjust the gain by
changing the specific resistor values.
Gain=1+ (R2/R1)
The amount or the times by which you are going to amplify the input signal is called
gain. Here the gain is 100. It is a dimensionless value, hence there's no unit.
Design:
It is recommended to keep R1 value constant for beginners and change R2 value for
adjusting the gain.
Here we are keeping R1 value as 1K ohm and R2 as 100K ohm. Applying the gain
formula we get 100 as the result.
So if you are going to connect something more powerful such as a small speaker, we
may need to increase the gain yet more.
Always remember, you cannot get something more from the nothing, therefore we
need to apply sufficient voltage at the input.
If you need a peak to peak 10V, you need to apply at least 12V; otherwise clipping
might occur at the output. This may not give good and clean sound output.
The proposed microphone amplifier circuit can amplify the input signal thousands of
time; this doesnt mean that you may drive a home theater speaker.
This circuit can merely output the current at mA range. If you need to drive those bulky
speakers you may need current greater than 1 ampere.
Pin Diagram:
Circuit diagram:
The power source is differential power supply, which consists of two 9V battery
coupled with capacitors for smooth and noise less power. 2.2uF capacitor is for
eliminating DC voltage entering the IC.
4.7K resistor helps powering the microphone. R1 and R2 is gain adjust resistor, you
may calculate your own values. 2.2uf capacitor at the output is to truncate DC
components.
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Comments
Hi i tried doing this project but i don't get any output from the headphones.. I check the
connections and it is fine. Do you think the problem is with my lm324?
Reply
Swagatam says
February 5, 2017 at 1:08 pm
Hi, try connecting a 10K resistor between the non-inverting (+) input of the opamp and the
positive rail, see whether this helps or not.
Reply
Reply
Reply
Swagatam says
January 7, 2017 at 4:33 am
you can make two such circuits by using the other spare opamps inside LM324 for enabling
stereo connection
Reply
Reply
Swagatam says
January 7, 2017 at 4:30 am
will do
Reply
Reply
Swagatam says
January 7, 2017 at 4:30 am
your previously linked circuit of mic preamp is good and can be used..single power supply can
be made using another opamp as shown below
https://tangentsoft.net/elec/bitmaps/vgrounds/vfb-opa.png
Reply
Reply
sir i need A Circuit. That Can Relay On Every 30 Second. After 30 Second
Reply
Swagatam says
June 24, 2016 at 2:22 am
Reply
Carrick Austin says
May 26, 2016 at 3:36 pm
Reply
Swagatam says
May 26, 2016 at 4:15 pm
Our pleasure!
Reply
I am going to make it tooday i hope it will be enough amlified to saturate the base of a
transistor?
Reply
Swagatam says
May 26, 2016 at 11:05 am
Reply
OWSUM ckt SIR!!!! just one confusion that should i connect gnd's of microphone,output and R1 to
the gnd b/w that two 9V batteries ?
Reply
Swagatam says
Swagatam says
May 25, 2016 at 11:39 am
thanks Mujahid,
yes it needs to be connected to ground which is the junction between the (+) and (-) of the two
supplies
Reply
Reply
Swagatam says
May 25, 2016 at 3:27 am
The 9V 0 9V is the supply input, and the MIC is the microphone input
Reply
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