tnh ton b SBR

4.2.1 B SBR
Cc thng s u vo ca b SBR:
- Cng sut thit k: Q=700m3/ng.
- BOD5 = 40,62 mg/l.
- COD = 153,5 mg/l
Cc thng s u ra: (Theo tiu QCVN 14 2008, ct A)
- BOD5 30 mg/l
- COD 50mg/l
Cc thng s thit k:
- Nng bn hot tnh u vo ca b X0 =0.
- Thi gian lu bn (tui ca bn) c=10 30 ngy, chn 10 ngy
- T s F/M = 0,05-0,2 ngy-1
- Nng bn hot tnh l lng trong b: X=2000 5000 mg/l, chn X=3500
mg/l.
- tro ca cn: Z = 0,3 mg/mg.
- Ch s th tch bn: SVI = 120 ml/g
- BOD5 = 0,65COD
- T s MLVSS: MLSS= 0,68
- Nhit nc thi: t= 25oC
- Nng cn lng trung bnh di y b XS=10.000mg/l.
- Cht l lng trong nc thi u ra cha 20mg/l cn sinh hc v 65% cht c
kh nng phn hy sinh hc.
4.2.4.1Xc nh kch thc b SBR:
Tng thi gian ca mt chu k hot ng
T = tF + tA + tS + tD + t1= 3 + 2 + 0,5 + 0,5 = 6h
Vi:
Thi gian lm y: tF = 3h.
Thi gian phn ng: tA = 2h.
Thi gian lng: tS = 0,5h.
Thi gian rt nc: tD = 0,5h.
 Thi gian pha ch: t1 = 0,
Chn SBR gm 2 n nguyn, khi n nguyn ny ang lm y th n nguyn
khc ang phn ng.
S chu k hot ng ca 1 n nguyn trong 1 ngy
24h
n= = 4 (chu k/n nguyn.ngy)
6h
Tng s chu k lm y trong 1 ngy
N = 2xn = 2x4 = 8 (chu k/ngy)
Th tch b lm y trong 1chu k
VF =700/8 = 87,5 (m3)
Hm lng cht rn l lng trong th tch bn lng
1000mg / gx1000ml / l 1000 1000
Xs = = = 8333,33 (mg/l)
SVI 120
Xt s cn bng khi lng
VTxX =VSxXS
VS X 3500
= = = 0,42
VT XS 8333,33

Cn cung cp thm 20% cht lng pha trn bn khng b rt ra theo khi rt nc
VF
= 0,42x 1,2=0,5
VT

Ta c: VT = VF + VS
VF VS
Suy ra 1
VT VT

VF V
= 1 0,5 = 0,5chn F = 0,5
VT VT

Th tch ca b SBR:
87,5
VT = VF/0,5 = = 175m3
0,5
Chn:
Chiu cao ca b, H = 4,5 m
Chiu cao bo v b, hbv = 0,5 m
Chiu cao xy dng b
 Hxd = H + hbv = 4,5 + 0,5 = 5 m
Din tch ca b:
VT 175
S= =38,89 m2
H 4,5
Vy kch thc b SBR: L x B x H =7m x 5,5 m x 5m
Chiu cao phn cha bn
Hb=42% x H = 0,42 x 4,5 = 1,89 m
Chiu cao an ton lp bn:
Han ton = 0,08 x4,5 = 0,36 m
Th tch phn cha bn:
VS = 0,42 x VT = 0,42 x 175 = 73,5m3
Thi gian lu nc ca 2 b trong sut qu trnh:
2 VT 2 175
24 12 10 50 h
Q 700

4.2.4.2Xc nh hm lng BOD5 ho tan trong nc thi u ra:SRA COD

Tng BOD5 ra = BOD5 ho tan + BOD5 ca cn l lng
Hm lng cht l lng c kh nng phn hy sinh hc u ra:
VF x 0,65= 87,5 x 0,65 = 56,9 (mg/l)
Hm lng BOD ca cht l lng c kh nng phn hy sinh hc u ra:
56,9 mg/l x 1,42 mg O2tiu th/mg t bo b oxi ho = 80,8mg/l
Hm lng BOD5 ca cht l lng u ra:
BOD 5ll = 80,8 x 0,68 = 54,94 (mg/l)

Hm lng BOD5 ho tan trong nc thi u ra:

BOD 5ht = BOD 5ll - BOD 5ra = 54,94- 30 = 24,94 mg/l

4.2.4.3Xc nh t s F/M v ti trng BOD

Hiu qu lm sch theo BOD5 ha tan:
(S0 S ) (40,62 24,94)
E 100 100 38,6%
S0 40,62

T s F/M:
F Q So 700 40,62
= = 0,046 ngy-1 [0,04-0,1] ngy-1
M VT X 175 3500
Ti trng th tch ca b phn ng:
Q S0 40,62 700 10 3
LBOD =0,162 kgBOD5/m3.ngy
VT 175

Tnh ton lng bn sn sinh ra mi ngy.

Tc tng trng ca bn:
Y 0,4
Yb =0,163
1 K d C 1 0,146 10

Lng bn hot tnh sinh ra do kh BOD5 theo VSS trong 1 ngy:

PX = Yb x Q x (s0 S) =0,163x700x (40,62-24,94) x 10-3 = 1,79(kg/ngy)
Ta chn:
Y=0,4 g VSS/g bBOD
Kd.T = k20 x (T-20) = 0,12 g/g.ngy (1,04)25-20 = 0,146 g/g.ngy
Bng 4.6 H s ng hc bn hot tnh 20oC.
H s n v Gii hn Gi tr in hnh
m g VSS/g VSS.ngy 3-13,2 6
Ks g bCOD/m3 5-40 20
Y g VSS/g bCOD 0,3-0,5 0,4
kd g VSS/g VSS.ngy 0,06-0,2 0,12
fd Khng th nguyn 0,08-,02 0,15

Tng lng bn sinh ra theo SS trong 1 ngy:

PX 1,79
PSS =2,56kg/ngy
1 Z 1 0,3

Tng lng bn d cn x l mi ngy:

Lng bn d cn x ly(Gd) = tng lng bn lng cn tri ra khi b
= 2,56 20 x700 x10-3 = 14 kg/ngy.
Th tch cn chim ch sau 1 ngy:
Gd 14
Vb =1,17m3/ngy.
1,02 X S 1,02 10000
1000
Chiu cao cn lng trong b:
 Vb 1,17
hb 0,0146m
2 S 2 40

Th tch bn phi x mt b ( li 20%):

Vb = 0,8 hb F =0,8 0,0146 7 5,5 = 0,450m3
Vy lng bn phi bm b hai b SBR mi ngy l:
Vtcb = 0,450x2 = 0,9 m3/ngy
4.2.4.4Xc nh lng khng kh cn thit cho mt n nguyn:
Lng oxi cn thit cung cp cho mi b theo iu kin cn lm sch BOD,
oxy ha amoni NH+4 thanh NO3-, kh NO3- .
OCo = Q(So-S) - 1,42 x Px + 4,57Q(N0 N)
= (350m3/ngy) x (40,62 - 24,94)g/m3(1kg/103g) -1,42 x (1,79 kg/ngy)/2
+ 4,57 x 350 (49,72 5,5) g/m3 (1kg/103g)
= 84,8 kg/ngy 63
Thi gian thi kh ca mt b: ti thiu mt na thi gian lm y nn thi kh
3H
+2h = 3,5 h
2
Tng thi gian sc kh mt ngy ca mt b:
3,5hx4 = 14h
T l chuyn ho oxi trung bnh:
24,65kgO2 / ngay
= 1,76kg/h
14
Lng oxi thc t:
1,76 kg/h x2 = 3,52 kg/h
Ta chn:
Hiu sut chuyn ho oxi l 9%
Khng kh c 23,2% trng lng O2
Khi lng ring khng kh l 1,2 kg/m3
Lng khng kh cn cp:
3,52kg / h
Mkk = 3
= 140,48 m3/h
0,09(1,2kg / m )(0,232)

Kim tra lng khng kh cn thit cho xo trn hon ton mt b:

 M kk 140,48m3 /ngay 1000L/m3
q= = = 1,142L/m3.pht
V 85,42m 1440phut/
3
ngay

Tr s ny nm ngoi khong cho php: q = 20-40 L/m3pht

Vy ta chn q = 25L/m3.pht
Lng khng kh cn thit cho qu trnh:
Mkk = 25l/m3pht 85,42m3= 2135,5L/pht = 0,0356m3/s
S lng a thi kh cn lp t trong b SBR
M kk 2135,5L/phut
N= = = 17,79 a
q 120l / phut.a
Vy s a thi kh cn lp t trong mi b SBR l: 18 a.
4.2.4.5 Cch phn phi a thi kh trong b
Kh t my thi kh c dn qua ng chnh i vo b SBR (t dc theo
chiu di b). Mi ng ng dn vo mi b SBR c chia lm 3 ng ng ph
cp 1 b tr dc theo thnh b xung y b phn phi kh cho cc a t ti y
mi b SBR. Theo tiu chun cc u rng ca a thi kh l rng phi 27 nn chn
ng nhnh cp 2 l ng phi 27 dn kh vo cc a.
Ti mi b SBR dc theo chiu di b tr 6 a, mi a cch nhau 1m v cch
thnh b 0,5m.
Khong cch gia 2 ng ng dn kh ph t gn nhau l 2m
Khong cch gia 2 ng ng ngoi cng n thnh b l 1m
4.2.4.6 Tnh ton ng ng, bm bn ra khi b SBR
ng ng dn nc ra khi b SBR:
Vn tc dng chy trong ng c p l v = 0,7 1,5 m/s. Chn v=1,0 m/s.
ng knh ng dn nc:
4 xQ 4 x 205
D= =0,055 (m).
xv 1,0 x 24 60 60

Theo kinh nghim thc t trnh trng hp b tt nghn v gim thi gian
thu nc ra khi b SBR ta chn ng thot nc ra khi b SBR l ng uPVC c
114.
Thu nc ra khi b SBR bng phao ni, chn thit b Decanter ca nh cung
cp Cng ty TNHH Cng Ngh Mi Trng Thng Long. Thit b gm mt phao
ni lm bng vt liu si thy tinh, pha trn l h thng c in t t ng iu
khin vic ht nc, c bao quanh bi mt lp bo v, phn ny c ni vi
phn cha nc chm di nc, gia hai phn ny c bt kn hon ton bng
mt vng m nm di y ca phao ni. Cc h thng ny c ni vi ng
dn nc ra bng nha do c th un cong theo s ln xung ca thit b. Sau
cng, ng dn nha do ni vi ng dn nc ra c nh bng nha PVC 114mm.
Tnh ton bm bn ra khi b SBR v b nn bn.
- Lu lng bn cn thi b ti mt b SBR trong: QVb=0,648 m3/ngy. Lng
bn ny c chia iu cho bn chu k hot ng ca b SBR.
- Lng bn cn x b ti mt chu k:
0,648
Qck = 0,162 m3/ngy = 1,875.10-6 m3/s.
4
- Chiu cao ct p: H=10m.
- Cng sut ca bm:
Qck g h 1,875 10 6 1080 9,81 10
N= = = 2,48.10-4 kW
1000 1000 0,8
Vi:
+ : khi lng ring ca bn thi ly bng khi lng ring ca bn,
=1080kg/m3.
+ : hiu sut hu ch ca bm. Chn =0,8.
Ngoi th trng khng c loi bm trn, chn loi bm nhng chm cnh h.
S lng bn ci, mi b SBR t hai ci c ct p H =10 m, cng sut bm 0,5Hp,
hng sn xut Tsurumi Nht.
ng ng dn kh vo b SBR:
- ng ng chnh:
ng knh ng dn kh chnh (cung cp cho 2 b SBR)

4 xQk 4 0,0356
Dk = = = 0,07 m.
xvk 9

Vi:
vk: Vn tc kh trong ng dn chnh
 vkh=9m/s.
Chn ng dn kh chnh l ng inox SUS304 75mm
Kim tra li vn tc kh trong ng:
4 xQK 4 0,0356
vkh =8,06m/s
D 2
(0,075) 2
- ng ng nhnh:
Lng kh qua mi ng nhnh:
Qk 0,0356
qk = = = 0,0059 m3/s
6 6
ng knh ng nhnh dn kh:
4 qk 4 0,0059
dk = = =28,89mm
v 9
Vi: vn: Vn tc kh trong ng nhnh
vn = 9m/s.
Chn ng nhnh dn kh l ng inox SUS304, ng knh 34mm.
Kim tra li vn tc kh trong ng:
4 qK 4 0,0059
vkh = 6,5 m/s.
D 2
(0,034) 2
4.2.4.7 Tnh ton my thi kh
p lc cn thit ca h thng phn phi kh:
Hk = h d + h c + h f + H
= 0,4 + 0,4 + 0,5 + 4,7 = 6,0 m.
Vi:
hd: Tn tht p lc do ma st dc chiu di ng; hd 0,4 m;
chn hd =0,4m
hc: Tn tht cc b; hc 0,4 m, chn hc = 0,4 m
hf: Tn tht qua thit b phn phi kh; hf 0,5 m, chn hf = 0,5 m
H: Chiu su hu ch ca b SBR, H = 4,7 m
Cng sut my thi kh:

Gk R T1 P2
0,283

Pk = 1
29,7 n e P1

 0,08372 8,314 298 1,593
0 , 283

= 1 = 4,345 kW.
29,7 0,283 0,8 1

Vi:
e : Hiu sut my thi kh; e = 0,7 - 0,8, chn e = 0,8
Gk: Trng lng dng kh
Gk = Qk x k = (0,0356 + 0,0288) x 1,3 = 0,08372 kg/s
R : Hng s kh; R = 8,314 KJ/KmoloK (i vi khng kh)
T1: Nhit khng kh u vo T1 = 25 + 273 = 298oK
P1: Ap sut tuyt i ca khng kh u vo P1 = 1 atm
P2: Ap sut tuyt i ca khng kh u ra:
Hk 6,0
P2 = 1 + =1+ = 1,593 atm
10,12 10,12
K 1 1,395 1
n: h s n, n = = = 0,283 (K = 1,395)
K 1,395

in iu khin
iu khin cc pha hot ng ca hai b SBR bng cc van in t ng vi
s iu khin ca time thi gian. c thit k vi mc ch ti u ha cc qu trnh
vn hnh hot ng ca h thng SBR
Vt liu xy dng
Chn vt liu xy dng b SBR l BTCT M250, thnh dy 200mm, bn y
dy 300 mm, st Nht an thnh hai lp, @200 phi 14, chng thm sika bn trong 2
lp, bn ngoai quet bentum.
Bng 4.7 Thng s kch thc SBR
STT Thng s n v Gi tr
1 Lu lng thit k, Q tbngay m3/ngy 205

2 Thi gian lm y, tF = 3h. h 3

3 Thi gian phn ng, tA = 2h. h 2
4 Thi gian lng, tS = 0,5h. h 0,5
5 Thi gian rt nc, tD h 0,5
6 Thi gian ch, tI h 0
7 S n nguyn 2
8 S chu k /ngy.b 4
9 Chiu cao b m 4,6
10 Chiu cao bo v, hbv m 0,4
11 Chiu cao xy dng, Hxd m 5
12 Chiu di b, L m 6
13 Chiu rng b, B m 3
14 Thi gian lu nc h 20
15 T s F/M ngy 1 0,147
16 Ti trng th tch kgBOD/ngy 0,52