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DESIGN OF SEWAGE PIT ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT.

LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement 2500 300 = Fy 415
Height of wall H = 2.500 m
Width of Pit W = 2.500 m
Length of Pit L = 2.500 m
Free board b = 0.300 m
Depth of water table below ground level Not safe for UPLIFT = 2.500 m
Depth of soil below water table 2200 = 0 - 2.5 a1 = -2.500 m -4.602273
Height of water inside the tank 0 = 2.5 - 0.3 a = 2.200 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 2.500 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 2.5 - 2.5 = 0.000 m
Density of soil 250 2500 250 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 250 250 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 0 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 2.2 Full Partial = 2200 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =0x1800x0.333 = 0 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.5x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1500 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =-2.5x(1800-1000)x0.333 = -667 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =-2.5x1000 = -2500 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x0.333 8 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 2.2 ^3 / 15= 1774.667 709.867 809.532 = 809.53 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.17869663 1.1175 0 360.58 341.9658 = 341.97 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 2.2 ^2 *0.8/ 2 2420 1936 2033.946 = 2033.95 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 2.2^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 484 386.05 386.05 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall -1736.111 = -1736.11 Kg m / m
=0x0x(3x0^2-15x0+20x2.5^2)/60x2.5^2+2083.33375x-2.5x(3x-2.5^2-15x-6.25+20x2.5^2)/60x2.5^2+0x0x(2-0)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 8 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in top of the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 809.532 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 16.427 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 250 mm 205.000
Thickness of wall at top = 150 mm
Total width of footing = 3500 mm
Total length of footing = 3500 mm
Thickness of footing = 300 mm Safe
Provide 250 mm thick at bottom of wall and 150 mm thick at top of wall = 250-40-5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 809.532 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 20.5 = 3.026 cm2 /m 20.5
Provide 10 mm bar @ 260 c/c at inside face of wall 260 197-40-5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = -1736.111 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 20.5 or 3.000 -6.490 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm bar @ 270 c/c at outside face of wall 270
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 197 = 341.966 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 15.2 = 1.724 cm2 /m 15.2

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x -1736.111 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 205 ^ 2 = -0.608 N/mm2 250-40-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 20 = 2.4 cm /m
2
20.5
Provide 10 mm @ 450 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 450
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 40 = 2.400 cm2 /m
Provide 8 mm @ 200 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 200
Design of Roof Slab
Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 2.650 m
Short span of slab lx = 2.650 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 2.65 / 2.65 = 1.00 Four edges discontinous 0.037 = 162.40 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.032 = 140.45 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.028 = 122.89 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.024 = 105.34 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 386.05 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(162.4x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (386.054/100x15)/13 = 0.2603902 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 162.4 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 386.054 / 2 x 1500 = 1.30 cm /m 2
150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 380 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 380 10.6

Design of Footing for Pit Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 2.5 x 11 x2500 = 13750 Kg
Weight of footing 2500 =3.5 x 3.5 x 0.3 x 2500 = 9187.5 Kg
Weight of water in the pit 1000 =2.5 x 2.5 x 2.2 x 1000 = 13750 Kg
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.25 x 13 x 0 = 0 Kg
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.25 x 13 x 0 x 0 = 0 Kg
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.8 x 2.8 x 625 = 4900 Kg
Total load =13750+ 9187.5+13750+0+0+4900 = 41587.5 Kg

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 41587.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 3394.898 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 41587.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 3394.898 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 41587.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 3394.898 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3394.898 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 0 - 0 = 2644.898 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3394.898 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 0 - 0 = 2644.898 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3394.898 - 0.3 x 2500 - 2.2 x 1000 = 444.898 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2644.898 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 82.653 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3394.898 x 0.5 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2/6 - 0x0.375-1759.43396226415x0.125-809.532 -750 x 0.5 ^2/2 = -698.849 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span ly / lx 1.00 0.064 = 199.955 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span 0.056 = 174.961
Span moment along short span in the middle of the raft =199.955 - ( -698.849 ) = 898.804 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span in the middle of the raft =174.961 - ( -698.849 ) = 873.81 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Pit Wall

Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 11 x 2.5 x 2500 = 13750 Kg


Weight of footing 2500 =3.5 x 3.5 x 0.3 x 2500 = 9187.5 Kg
Weight of water in the pit 2.200 0 =2.5 x 2.5 x 2.2 x 0 = 0 Kg
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 0 =0.25 x 13 x 0 = 0 Kg
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 13 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.8 x 2.8 x 625 = 4900 Kg
Total load =13750+ 9187.5+0+0+0+4900 = 27837.5 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 27837.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 2272.449 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 27837.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 2272.449 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 27837.5 / 3.5 x 3.5 = 2272.449 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2272.449 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 1800-0 = 1522.449 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2272.449 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 1800-0 = 1522.449 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2272.449 - 0.3 x 2500 - 2.2 x 0 = 1522.449 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1522.449 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 47.577 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =2272.449 x 0.5 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2/6 - 750 x 0.5 ^2/2+-1736.111-0x0.375-1759.4339622641 = -1765.734 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span = 684.24948 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span = 598.71829 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span in the middle of the raft =684.24947856 - ( -1765.734 ) = 2449.9835 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span in the middle of the raft =598.71829374 - ( -1765.734 ) = 2364.4523 Kg m / m

Provide 300 mm thick footing


Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension =(2449.98347856x100x6/100x30^2)/18 + (2033.946/100x30)/13 = 0.9595537 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 82.653 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5 = 0.259 cm2 /m
case 1 300-50-5 24.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 898.804 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5+2033.946/2x1500 = 3.489 cm /m 2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in longt span = 873.81 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5+2033.946/2x1500 = 3.411 cm2 /m
case 2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 2449.98347856 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5 = 7.663 cm2 /m
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in long span = 2364.45229374 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5 = 7.395 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 82.653 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 245 ^2 = 0.02 N/mm2

Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 24.5 0.12 = 2.94 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 260 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 260
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 2449.98347856 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 244 ^2 = 0.606 cm2 /m 300-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 0.12 x 24.4 0.12 = 2.928 cm2 /m 24.4
Provide 12 mm @ 140 c/c top bar in the footing in short span 140
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 2364.45229374 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 232 ^2 = 0.646 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the top of raft in long span = 0.12 x 23.2 0.12 = 2.784 cm2 /m 300-50-12 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 150 c/c top as distribution bar in the footing in long span 150 23.2
Area of minimum reinforcement in the raft 0.12 = 0.12 x 30 = 3.600 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 210 c/c distribution bar in the bottom of footing 210

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 809.532 x 3.35 = 2711.93 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 2200 x 3.35 = 7370 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 7370 / 1500 = 4.9133333 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 460 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 460
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 250 2500 =0.2 x 2.5 x 2500 = 1250 Kg / m
Weight of footing 300 2500 =3 x 0.3 x 2500 = 2250 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 2.200 1000 =1.375 x 2.2 x 1000 1.375 = 3025 Kg / m
Weight of soil on top of footing 350 1800 =2.75 x 0.35 x 1800 2.75 = 1732.5 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 781.25 Kg / m
Total load =1250+ 2250+3025 +781.25 = 9038.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1250 x 1.4375+2250 x 1.5+3025 x 2.3125+ 781.25 x 1.5 +1732.5 x 1.5 - 809.532)/ 9038.75 = 1.682 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.682 = -0.182 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 9038.75 x -0.182 = -1645.053 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 9038.75 / 1 x 3 + -1645.053 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 1916.215 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 9038.75 / 1 x 3 + -1645.053 x 12 x 0.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 2921.525 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 9038.75 / 1 x 3 + -1645.053 x 12 x -0.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 3104.309 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 9038.75 / 1 x 3 - -1645.053 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 4109.619 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 1916.215 - 0.3 x 2500 -0.35 x 1800 = 536.215 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2921.525 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0.35 x 1800 = 1541.525 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3104.309 - 0.3 x 2500 - 2.2 x 1000 - 0.35 x 1800 = -475.691 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4109.619 - 0.3 x 2500 - 2.2 x 1000 - 0.35 x 1800 = 529.619 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 3580 = 0.724 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1541.525 x 1.375 ^2 / 2 + -1005.31 x 1.375 ^2 / 3 = 823.668 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =529.619 x 0.724 ^2 / 3 = 92.537856 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4109.619 x 1.375 ^2/2 + -1005.31 x 1.375 ^2/6 - 3580 x 1.375 ^2/2 = 183.878 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 300 mm thick footing = 300-50-5
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 823.668 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5 = 2.576 cm2 /m 24.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 183.878 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.5 = 0.575 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 245 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 24.5 0.12 = 2.94 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 300 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 300
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 183.878 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 244 ^2 = 0.045 cm2 /m 300-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 24.4 0.12 = 2.928 cm2 /m 24.4
Provide 12 mm @ 380 c/c top bar in the footing 380
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 2.5 x 2500 = 1250 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.5 x 0.3 x 2500 = 2625 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.25 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =1250+ 2625+0+0+0 = 3875 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(1250 x 0.375+2625 x 1.75+0 x 0.125+0 x 0.125 + 0 x 0.375 + -1736.111)/ 3875 = 0.858 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.75 - 0.858 = 0.892 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 3875 x 0.892 = 3456.5 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 3875 / 1 x 3.5 + 3456.5 x 6 / 1 x 3.5 ^2 = 2800.122 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 3875 / 1 x 3.5 + 3456.5 x 12 x 1.5 / 1 x 3.5 ^3 = 2558.268 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 3875 / 1 x 3.5 + 3456.5 x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.5 ^3 2316.414 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 3875 / 1 x 3.5 - 3456.5 x 6 / 1 x 3.5 ^2 = -585.837 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2800.122 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 - 0 = 2050.122 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2558.268 - 0.3 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 0 = 1808.268 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2316.414 - 0.3 x 2500 = 1566.414 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = -585.837 - 0.3 x 2500 = -1335.837 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-1335.837 / ( 0.3 x 2500 ) = -1.781 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2050.122 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 = 72.3879375 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-1335.837 x -1.781 ^2 / 3 = -1412.40762 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =-585.837 x 2.5 ^2/2 + 2902.251 x 2.5 ^2/6 - 750 x 2.5 ^2/2 = -1151.313 Kg m / m
Provide 300 mm thick footing = 300-40-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 72.3879375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 25.5 = 0.218 cm /m 2
25.5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = -1151.313 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 25.5 = 3.460 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 300 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 300 = Fy 415
Height of wall H = 5.700 m
Width of Channel W = 6.000 m
Free board b = 0.300 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.000 m
Depth of soil below water table 5400 = 5.4 - 2 a1 = 3.400 m 4.523796
Height of water inside the tank 5400 = 5.7 - 0.3 a = 5.400 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.300 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 5.7 - 0.3 = 5.400 m
Density of soil 650 6000 650 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 300 300 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 5.4 Full Partial = 5400 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =5.4x1800x0.333 = 3240 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1200 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =3.4x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 907 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =3.4x1000 = 3400 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1x0.333 8 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 5.4 ^3 / 15= 26244 10497.6 11130.07 = 11130.07 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.60285306 2.5479 0 4953.12 4866.248 = 4866.25 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 5.4 ^2 *0.8/ 2 14580 11664 11928.43 = 11928.43 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 5.4^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 2916 2651.57 2651.57 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 20118.323 = 9325.85 Kg m / m
=8748x5.4x(3x5.4^2-15x30.78+20x5.7^2)/60x5.7^2+3853.3339x3.4x(3x3.4^2-15x19.38+20x5.7^2)/60x5.7^2+1.782x5.4x(2-947.368421052632)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 11130.073 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 60.910 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 650 mm 650.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 7900 mm
Thickness of footing = 750 mm Safe
Provide 650 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 650-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 11130.073 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 60.4 = 14.121 cm2 /m 60.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 80 c/c at inside face of wall 80 405-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 9325.854 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 60.4 11.832 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 90 c/c at outside face of wall 90
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 405 = 4866.248 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.9 = 10.387 cm2 /m 35.9

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 9325.854 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 604 ^ 2 = 0.376 N/mm2 650-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 42.5 = 5.1 cm /m
2
60.4
Provide 12 mm @ 100 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 100
Minimum reinforcement 0.08 =0.08x 85 = 6.800 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 160 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 160

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 6.200 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 6.2 = 0.81 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 2186.28 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 1657.73 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 2114.20 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 840.88 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 2651.57 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(2186.28x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (2651.566/100x15)/13 = 3.3749111 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 2186.28 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 2651.566 / 2 x 1500 = 16.69 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 30 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 30 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5.7 x 2500 = 6056.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =7.9 x 0.75 x 2500 = 14812.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =6 x 5.4 x 1000 = 32400 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.3 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.3 x 5.4 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 6.000 =6 x 625 = 3750 Kg / m
Total load =2x6056.25+ 14812.5+32400+2x0+2x0+3750 = 63075 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 63075 / 1 x 7.9 + x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 7984.177 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 63075 / 1 x 7.9 + x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 = 7984.177 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 63075 / 1 x 7.9 + x 12 x 3 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 = 7984.177 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 63075 / 1 x 7.9 - x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 7984.177 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7984.177 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 0 = 6109.177 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7984.177 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 0 = 6109.177 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7984.177 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1000 = 709.177 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 7984.177 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1000 = 709.177 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =6109.177 x 0.3 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.3 ^2 / 3 = 274.913 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =7984.177 x 0.95 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.95 ^2/6 - 0x0.8-7931.25x0.325-11130.073 -1875 x 0.95 ^2/2 = -10950.96 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =7984.177 x 3.95 ^2 / 2-11130.073-1875x3.95^2/2-0x3.8-7931.25x3.325-3x5400x1.5 = -14142.26 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5.7 x 2500 = 6056.25 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =7.9 x 0.75 x 2500 = 14812.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.400 0 =6 x 5.4 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.3 x 1 = 0.3 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.3 x 5.4 x 1800 = 2916 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 6.000 =6 x 625 = 3750 Kg / m
Total load =2x6056.25+ 14812.5+0+2x0.3+2x2916+3750 = 36507.6 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 36507.6 / 1 x 7.9 + x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 4621.215 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 36507.6 / 1 x 7.9 + x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 = 4621.215 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 36507.6 / 1 x 7.9 + x 12 x 3 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 = 4621.215 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 36507.6 / 1 x 7.9 - x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 4621.215 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4621.215 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1800-1 = -6974.785 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4621.215 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1800-1 = -6974.785 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4621.215 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 0 = 2746.215 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4621.215 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 0 = 2746.215 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6974.785 x 0.3 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.3 ^2 / 3 = -313.865 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =4621.215 x 0.95 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.95 ^2/6 - 1875 x 0.95 ^2/2+9325.854-2916.3x0.8-7931.25x0 = 5654.387 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =4621.215 x 3.95 ^2/2 - 1875 x 3.95 ^2/2+9325.854-2916.3x3.8-7931.25x3.325 = -6703.582 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 709.177 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 663.228 Kg m / m
Provide 750 mm thick footing = 750-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(14142.26217875x100x6/100x75^2)/18 + (11928.434/100x75)/13 = 0.9604029 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 274.913 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 69.2 = 0.304 cm2 /m 69.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 14142.26217875 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 69.2+11928.434/2x1500 = 19.637 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 6703.582 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 69.2 7.423 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 274.913 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 692 ^2 = 0.008 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 69.2 0.12 = 8.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 240 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 240
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -10950.963 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 690 ^2 = 0.338 cm2 /m 750-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 69 0.12 = 8.28 cm2 /m 69
Provide 20 mm @ 150 c/c top bar in the footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 663.228 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 678 ^2 = 0.021 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 67.8 0.12 = 8.136 cm2 /m 750-50-16 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 130 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 130 67.8
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 663.228 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 67.8 = 0.750 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 1500 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 1500

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 11130.073 x 3.35 = 37285.74 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 5400 x 3.35 = 18090 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 18090 / 1500 = 12.06 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 180 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 180
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 650 2500 =0.425 x 5.7 x 2500 = 6056.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 750 2500 =7.9 x 0.75 x 2500 = 14812.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.400 1000 =1.175 x 5.4 x 1000 1.175 = 6345 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 6.000 =6 x 625 = 1875 Kg / m
Total load =6056.25+ 14812.5+6345 +1875 = 29088.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(6056.25 x 1.3375+14812.5 x 1.5+6345 x 2.4125+ 1875 x 1.5 - 11130.073)/ 29088.75 = 1.316 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.316 = 0.184 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 29088.75 x 0.184 = 5352.33 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 29088.75 / 1 x 3 + 5352.33 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 13264.47 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 29088.75 / 1 x 3 + 5352.33 x 12 x 1.175 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 12491.356 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 29088.75 / 1 x 3 + 5352.33 x 12 x 1.825 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 14037.584 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 29088.75 / 1 x 3 - 5352.33 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 6128.03 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 13264.47 - 0.75 x 2500 = 11389.47 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 12491.356 - 0.75 x 2500 = 10616.356 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 14037.584 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1000 = 6762.584 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 6128.03 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1000 = -1146.97 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 7275 = 0.482 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =10616.356 x 1.175 ^2 / 2 + 773.114 x 1.175 ^2 / 3 = 7684.397 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-1146.97 x 0.482 ^2 / 3 = -88.82289 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =6128.03 x 1.175 ^2/2 + 7909.554 x 1.175 ^2/6 - 7275 x 1.175 ^2/2 = 1028.254 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 750 mm thick footing = 750-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 7684.397 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 69.2 = 8.509 cm2 /m 69.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 1028.254 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 69.2 = 1.139 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 692 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 69.2 0.12 = 8.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 230 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 230
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 690 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 750-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 69 0.12 = 8.28 cm2 /m 69
Provide 20 mm @ 370 c/c top bar in the footing 370
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5.7 x 2500 = 6056.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =7.9 x 0.75 x 2500 = 14812.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.3 x 5.4 x 1800 = 2916 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.3 x 1 = 0.3 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =6056.25+ 14812.5+2916+0.3+0 = 23785.05 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(6056.25 x 0.625+14812.5 x 3.95+0.3 x 0.15+2916 x 0.15 + 0 x 0.625 + 9325.854)/ 23785.05 = 3.03 m

Eccentricity of loading = 3.95 - 3.03 = 0.92 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 23785.05 x 0.92 = 21882.246 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 23785.05 / 1 x 7.9 + 21882.246 x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 5114.491 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 23785.05 / 1 x 7.9 + 21882.246 x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 = 4954.714 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 23785.05 / 1 x 7.9 + 21882.246 x 12 x 3 / 1 x 7.9 ^3 4608.532 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 23785.05 / 1 x 7.9 - 21882.246 x 6 / 1 x 7.9 ^2 = 907.041 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5114.491 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1800 - 1 = -6481.509 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4954.714 - 0.75 x 2500 - 5.4 x 1800 1 = -6641.286 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4608.532 - 0.75 x 2500 = 2733.532 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 907.041 - 0.75 x 2500 = -967.959 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-967.959 / ( 0.75 x 2500 ) = -0.516 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6481.509 x 0.3 ^2 / 2 = 207.38394 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-967.959 x -0.516 ^2 / 3 = -85.9082972 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =907.041 x 6 ^2/2 + 3701.491 x 6 ^2/6 - 1875 x 6 ^2/2 = 4785.684 Kg m / m
Provide 750 mm thick footing = 750-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 207.38394 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.4 = 0.226 cm /m 2
70.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 4785.684 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.4 = 5.209 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF OIL PIT ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement 2550 200 = Fy 415
Height of wall H = 2.550 m
Width of Pit W = 4.500 m
Length of Pit L = 5.000 m
Free board b = 0.200 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 0.000 m
Depth of soil below water table 2350 =0-0 a1 = 0.000 m 41.73413
Height of water inside the tank 0 = 2.55 - 0.2 a = 2.350 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 2.550 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 2.55 - 2.55 = 0.000 m
Density of soil 250 4500 250 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 200 200 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 2.35 Full Partial = 2350 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =0x1800x0.333 = 0 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =0x1800x0.333 6 15 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =0x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 0 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =0x1000 = 0 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 2.35 ^3 / 15= 2162.979 865.192 943.528 = 943.53 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.17797359 1.13985 0 419.655 407.4316 = 407.43 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 2.35 ^2 *0.8/ 2 2761.25 2209 2283.034 = 2283.03 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 2.35^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 552.25 478.22 478.22 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 0 = 0.00 Kg m / m
=0x0x(3x0^2-15x0+20x2.55^2)/60x2.55^2+0x0x(3x0^2-15x0+20x2.55^2)/60x2.55^2+0x0x(2-0)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 8 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in top of the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 943.528 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 17.734 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 250 mm 218.000
Thickness of wall at top = 150 mm
Total width of footing = 5400 mm
Total length of footing = 5900 mm
Thickness of footing = 350 mm Safe
Provide 250 mm thick at bottom of wall and 150 mm thick at top of wall = 250-40-5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 943.528 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 20.5 = 3.527 cm2 /m 20.5
Provide 10 mm bar @ 230 c/c at inside face of wall 230 196-40-5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 0 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 20.5 or 3.000 0.000 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm bar @ 270 c/c at outside face of wall 270
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 196 = 407.432 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 15.1 = 2.068 cm2 /m 15.1

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 0 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 205 ^ 2 = 0.000 N/mm2 250-40-5


Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 20 = 2.4 cm /m
2
20.5
Provide 10 mm @ 370 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 370
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 40 = 2.400 cm2 /m
Provide 8 mm @ 200 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 200
Design of Roof Slab
Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.150 m
Short span of slab lx = 4.650 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5.15 / 4.65 = 1.11 Four edges discontinous 0.037 = 500.02 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.032 = 432.45 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.028 = 378.39 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.024 = 324.34 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 478.22 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(500.02x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (478.216/100x15)/13 = 0.7652943 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 500.02 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 478.216 / 2 x 1500 = 3.77 cm /m 2
150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 130 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 130 10.6

Design of Footing for Pit Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 2.55 x 20 x2500 = 25500 Kg
Weight of footing 2500 =5.4 x 5.9 x 0.35 x 2500 = 27877.5 Kg
Weight of water in the pit 1000 =4.5 x 5 x 2.35 x 1000 = 52875 Kg
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.2 x 21.8 x 0 = 0 Kg
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.2 x 21.8 x 0 x 0 = 0 Kg
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 4.500 =4.8 x 5.3 x 625 = 15900 Kg
Total load =25500+ 27877.5+52875+0+0+15900 = 122152.5 Kg

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 122152.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 3834.04 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 122152.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 3834.04 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 122152.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 3834.04 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3834.04 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 - 0 = 2959.04 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3834.04 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 - 0 = 2959.04 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3834.04 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.35 x 1000 = 609.04 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2959.04 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.2 ^2 / 3 = 59.181 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3834.04 x 0.45 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.45 ^2/6 - 0x0.35-2112.24489795918x0.125-943.528 -875 x 0.45 ^2/2 = -907.956 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span ly / lx 1.11 0.064 = 842.814 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span 0.056 = 737.462
Span moment along short span in the middle of the raft =842.814 - ( -907.956 ) = 1750.77 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span in the middle of the raft =737.462 - ( -907.956 ) = 1645.418 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Pit Wall

Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 20 x 2.55 x 2500 = 25500 Kg


Weight of footing 2500 =5.4 x 5.9 x 0.35 x 2500 = 27877.5 Kg
Weight of water in the pit 2.350 0 =4.5 x 5 x 2.35 x 0 = 0 Kg
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 0 =0.2 x 21.8 x 0 = 0 Kg
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.2 x 21.8 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 4.500 =4.8 x 5.3 x 625 = 15900 Kg
Total load =25500+ 27877.5+0+0+0+15900 = 69277.5 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 69277.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 2174.435 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 69277.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 2174.435 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 69277.5 / 5.9 x 5.4 = 2174.435 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2174.435 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800-0 = 1299.435 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2174.435 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800-0 = 1299.435 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2174.435 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.35 x 0 = 1299.435 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1299.435 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.2 ^2 / 3 = 25.989 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =2174.435 x 0.45 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.45 ^2/6 - 875 x 0.45 ^2/2+0-0x0.35-2112.24489795918x0.1 = -132.463 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span = 1798.2101 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span = 1573.4339 Kg m / m
Span moment along short span in the middle of the raft =1798.2101304 - ( -132.463 ) = 1930.6731 Kg m / m
Span moment along long span in the middle of the raft =1573.4338641 - ( -132.463 ) = 1705.8969 Kg m / m

Provide 350 mm thick footing


Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension =(1930.6731304x100x6/100x35^2)/18 + (2283.034/100x35)/13 = 0.5755298 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 59.181 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 0.154 cm2 /m
case 1 350-50-5 29.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 1750.77 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5+2283.034/2x1500 = 5.309 cm /m 2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in longt span = 1645.418 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5+2283.034/2x1500 = 5.035 cm2 /m
case 2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 1930.6731304 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 5.015 cm2 /m
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in long span = 1798.2101304 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 4.431 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 59.181 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 295 ^2 = 0.01 N/mm2

Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 29.5 0.12 = 3.54 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 220 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 220
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1930.6731304 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 294 ^2 = 0.329 cm2 /m 350-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft in short span = 0.12 x 29.4 0.12 = 3.528 cm2 /m 29.4
Provide 12 mm @ 210 c/c top bar in the footing in short span 210
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1705.8968641 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 282 ^2 = 0.316 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the top of raft in long span = 0.12 x 28.2 0.12 = 3.384 cm2 /m 350-50-12 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 220 c/c top as distribution bar in the footing in long span 220 28.2
Area of minimum reinforcement in the raft 0.12 = 0.12 x 35 = 4.200 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 180 c/c distribution bar in the bottom of footing 180

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 943.528 x 3.35 = 3160.82 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 2350 x 3.35 = 7873 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 7872.5 / 1500 = 5.2483333 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 430 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 430
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 250 2500 =0.2 x 2.55 x 2500 = 1275 Kg / m
Weight of footing 350 2500 =3 x 0.35 x 2500 = 2625 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 2.350 1000 =1.375 x 2.35 x 1000 1.375 = 3231.25 Kg / m
Weight of soil on top of footing 350 1800 =2.75 x 0.35 x 1800 2.75 = 1732.5 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 4.500 =4.5 x 625 = 1406.25 Kg / m
Total load =1275+ 2625+3231.25 +1406.25 = 10270 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1275 x 1.4375+2625 x 1.5+3231.25 x 2.3125+ 1406.25 x 1.5 +1732.5 x 1.5 - 943.528)/ 10270 = 1.664 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.664 = -0.164 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 10270 x -0.164 = -1684.28 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 10270 / 1 x 3 + -1684.28 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 2300.48 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 10270 / 1 x 3 + -1684.28 x 12 x 0.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 3329.762 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 10270 / 1 x 3 + -1684.28 x 12 x -0.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 3516.904 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 10270 / 1 x 3 - -1684.28 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 4546.187 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2300.48 - 0.35 x 2500 -0.35 x 1800 = 795.48 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3329.762 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0.35 x 1800 = 1824.762 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3516.904 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.35 x 1000 - 0.35 x 1800 = -338.096 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4546.187 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.35 x 1000 - 0.35 x 1800 = 691.187 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 3855 = 0.923 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1824.762 x 1.375 ^2 / 2 + -1029.282 x 1.375 ^2 / 3 = 1076.308 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =691.187 x 0.923 ^2 / 3 = 196.28075 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4546.187 x 1.375 ^2/2 + -1029.283 x 1.375 ^2/6 - 3855 x 1.375 ^2/2 = 329.056 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-50-5
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 1076.308 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 2.796 cm2 /m 29.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 329.056 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 0.855 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 295 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 29.5 0.12 = 3.54 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 280 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 280
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 329.056 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 294 ^2 = 0.056 cm2 /m 350-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 29.4 0.12 = 3.528 cm2 /m 29.4
Provide 12 mm @ 310 c/c top bar in the footing 310
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2 x 2.55 x 2500 = 1275 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =5.4 x 0.35 x 2500 = 4725 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.2 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.2 x 1500 = 300 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =1275+ 4725+0+300+0 = 6300 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(1275 x 0.325+4725 x 2.7+300 x 0.1+0 x 0.1 + 0 x 0.325 + 0)/ 6300 = 2.096 m

Eccentricity of loading = 2.7 - 2.096 = 0.604 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 6300 x 0.604 = 3805.2 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 6300 / 1 x 5.4 + 3805.2 x 6 / 1 x 5.4 ^2 = 1949.63 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 6300 / 1 x 5.4 + 3805.2 x 12 x 2.5 / 1 x 5.4 ^3 = 1891.632 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 6300 / 1 x 5.4 + 3805.2 x 12 x 2.25 / 1 x 5.4 ^3 1819.136 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 6300 / 1 x 5.4 - 3805.2 x 6 / 1 x 5.4 ^2 = 383.704 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 1949.63 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 - 1500 = -425.37 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 1891.632 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 1500 = -483.368 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 1819.136 - 0.35 x 2500 = 944.136 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 383.704 - 0.35 x 2500 = -491.296 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-491.296 / ( 0.35 x 2500 ) = -0.561 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-425.37 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 = 36.38272 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-491.296 x -0.561 ^2 / 3 = -51.5403895 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =383.704 x 4.5 ^2/2 + 1435.432 x 4.5 ^2/6 - 875 x 4.5 ^2/2 = -129.789 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-40-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 36.38272 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.5 = 0.091 cm /m 2
30.5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = -129.789 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.5 = 0.326 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 0 = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement 0 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 10.000 m
Width of Channel W = 12.000 m
Free board b = 0.000 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 0.000 m
Depth of soil below water table 10000 = 10 - 0 a1 = 10.000 m 4.020872
Height of water inside the tank 10000 = 10 - 0 a = 10.000 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.000 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 10 - 0 = 10.000 m
Density of soil 1600 12000 1600 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 0 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 10 Full Partial = 10000 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =10x1800x0.333 = 6000 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =0x1800x0.333 6 15 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =10x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 2667 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =10x1000 = 10000 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x0.333 8 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 10 ^3 / 15= 166666.667 66667 66666.67 = 66666.67 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 4.47213595 4.47 0 29800 29814.24 = 29814.24 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 10 ^2 *0.8/ 2 50000 40000 40000 = 40000.00 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 10^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 10000 10000.00 10000.00 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 211111.117 = 84444.45 Kg m / m
=30000x10x(3x10^2-15x100+20x10^2)/60x10^2+33333.335x10x(3x10^2-15x100+20x10^2)/60x10^2+0x10x(2-1000)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 25 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 25 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 25 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 66666.667 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 149.071 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 1600 mm 1531.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 16200 mm
Thickness of footing = 1800 mm Safe
Provide 1600 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 1600-40-12.5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 66666.667 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 154.75 = 33.012 cm2 /m 154.75
Provide 25 mm bar @ 140 c/c at inside face of wall 140 826-40-12.5
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 84444.447 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 154.75 41.815 cm2 /m
Provide 25 mm bar @ 110 c/c at outside face of wall 110
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 826 = 29814.24 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 77.35 = 29.536 cm2 /m 77.35

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 84444.447 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1547.5 ^ 2 = 0.519 N/mm2 1600-40-12.5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 90 = 10.8 cm /m2
154.75
Provide 25 mm @ 160 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 160
Minimum reinforcement 0.08 =0.08x 180 = 14.400 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 130 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 130

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 12.200 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 12.2 = 0.41 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 8465.28 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 6418.73 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 8186.20 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 3255.88 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 10000.00 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(8465.28x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (10000/100x15)/13 = 13.053976 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 8465.28 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 10000 / 2 x 1500 = 64.53 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.9 x 10 x 2500 = 22500 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =16.2 x 1.8 x 2500 = 72900 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =12 x 10 x 1000 = 120000 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 10 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 12.000 =12 x 625 = 7500 Kg / m
Total load =2x22500+ 72900+120000+2x0+2x0+7500 = 245400 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 245400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 15148.148 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 245400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 12 x 7.6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 = 15148.148 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 245400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 12 x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 = 15148.148 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 245400 / 1 x 16.2 - x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 15148.148 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 15148.148 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 0 = 10648.148 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 15148.148 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 0 = 10648.148 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 15148.148 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1000 = 648.148 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 15148.148 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1000 = 648.148 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =10648.148 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 1331.019 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =15148.148 x 2.1 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.1 ^2/6 - 0x1.85-26250x0.8-66666.667 -4500 x 2.1 ^2/2 = -64187.5 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =15148.148 x 8.1 ^2 / 2-66666.667-4500x8.1^2/2-0x7.85-26250x6.8-6x10000x3 = -75854.17 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.9 x 10 x 2500 = 22500 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =16.2 x 1.8 x 2500 = 72900 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 10.000 0 =12 x 10 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 10 x 1800 = 9000 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 12.000 =12 x 625 = 7500 Kg / m
Total load =2x22500+ 72900+0+2x0+2x9000+7500 = 143400 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 143400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 8851.852 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 143400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 12 x 7.6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 = 8851.852 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 143400 / 1 x 16.2 + x 12 x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 = 8851.852 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 143400 / 1 x 16.2 - x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 8851.852 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 8851.852 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1800-0 = -13648.15 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 8851.852 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1800-0 = -13648.15 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 8851.852 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 0 = 4351.852 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 8851.852 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 0 = 4351.852 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-13648.148 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -1706.019 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =8851.852 x 2.1 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.1 ^2/6 - 4500 x 2.1 ^2/2+84444.447-9000x1.85-26250x0.8 = 56390.281 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =8851.852 x 8.1 ^2/2 - 4500 x 8.1 ^2/2+84444.447-9000x7.85-26250x6.8 = -21943.05 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 648.147999999999 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 606.153 Kg m / m
Provide 1800 mm thick footing = 1800-50-10
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(75854.1718600001x100x6/100x180^2)/18 + (40000/100x180)/13 = 0.9513329 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 1331.019 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174 = 0.586 cm2 /m 174
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 75854.1718600001 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174+40000/2x1500 = 46.739 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 56390.281 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174 24.834 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1331.019 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1740 ^2 = 0.006 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 174 0.12 = 20.88 cm2 /m
Provide 20 mm @ 150 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -64187.501 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1737.5 ^2 = 0.313 cm2 /m 1800-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 173.75 0.12 = 20.85 cm2 /m 173.75
Provide 25 mm @ 100 c/c top bar in the footing 100
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 606.153 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1725 ^2 = 0.003 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 172.5 0.12 = 20.7 cm2 /m 1800-50-20 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 30 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 30 172.5
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 606.153 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 172.5 = 0.269 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 2910 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 2910

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 66666.667 x 3.35 = 223333.33 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 10000 x 3.35 = 33500 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 33500 / 1500 = 22.333333 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 100 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 100
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 1600 2500 =0.9 x 10 x 2500 = 22500 Kg / m
Weight of footing 1800 2500 =16.2 x 1.8 x 2500 = 72900 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 10.000 1000 =0.7 x 10 x 1000 0.700 = 7000 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 12.000 =12 x 625 = 3750 Kg / m
Total load =22500+ 72900+7000 +3750 = 106150 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(22500 x 1.1+72900 x 1.5+7000 x 2.65+ 3750 x 1.5 - 66666.667)/ 106150 = 0.948 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 0.948 = 0.552 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 106150 x 0.552 = 58594.8 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 106150 / 1 x 3 + 58594.8 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 74446.533 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 106150 / 1 x 3 + 58594.8 x 12 x 0.7 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 53612.827 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 106150 / 1 x 3 + 58594.8 x 12 x 2.3 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 95280.24 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 106150 / 1 x 3 - 58594.8 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = -3679.867 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 74446.533 - 1.8 x 2500 = 69946.533 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 53612.827 - 1.8 x 2500 = 49112.827 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 95280.24 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1000 = 80780.24 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = -3679.867 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1000 = -18179.87 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 14500 = 0.698 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =49112.827 x 0.7 ^2 / 2 + 20833.706 x 0.7 ^2 / 3 = 15435.481 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-18179.867 x 0.698 ^2 / 3 = -2952.435 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =-3679.867 x 0.7 ^2/2 + 98960.107 x 0.7 ^2/6 - 14500 x 0.7 ^2/2 = 3627.675 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 1800 mm thick footing = 1800-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 15435.481 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174 = 6.798 cm2 /m 174
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 3627.675 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174 = 1.598 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1740 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 174 0.12 = 20.88 cm2 /m
Provide 20 mm @ 460 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 460
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1737.5 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 1800-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 173.75 0.12 = 20.85 cm2 /m 173.75
Provide 25 mm @ 230 c/c top bar in the footing 230
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.9 x 10 x 2500 = 22500 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =16.2 x 1.8 x 2500 = 72900 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 10 x 1800 = 9000 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =22500+ 72900+9000+0+0 = 104400 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(22500 x 1.3+72900 x 8.1+0 x 0.25+9000 x 0.25 + 0 x 1.3 + 84444.447)/ 104400 = 6.767 m

Eccentricity of loading = 8.1 - 6.767 = 1.333 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 104400 x 1.333 = 139165.2 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 104400 / 1 x 16.2 + 139165.2 x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 9626.091 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 104400 / 1 x 16.2 + 139165.2 x 12 x 7.6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 = 9429.693 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 104400 / 1 x 16.2 + 139165.2 x 12 x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^3 8801.219 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 104400 / 1 x 16.2 - 139165.2 x 6 / 1 x 16.2 ^2 = 3262.798 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 9626.091 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1800 - 0 = -12873.909 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 9429.693 - 1.8 x 2500 - 10 x 1800 0 = -13070.307 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 8801.219 - 1.8 x 2500 = 4301.219 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3262.798 - 1.8 x 2500 = -1237.202 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-1237.202 / ( 1.8 x 2500 ) = -0.275 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-12873.909 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 1100.152375 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-1237.202 x -0.275 ^2 / 3 = -31.1878004 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =3262.798 x 12 ^2/2 + 5538.421 x 12 ^2/6 - 4500 x 12 ^2/2 = 43843.56 Kg m / m
Provide 1800 mm thick footing = 1800-40-12.5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 1100.152375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174.75 = 0.482 cm /m 2
174.75
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 43843.56 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 174.75 = 19.226 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF RAW WATER TANK ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 0 = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement = Fy 500
Height of wall 2000 H = 5.000 m
Free board b = 0.000 m
Height of water inside the tank 5000 =5-0 a = 5.000 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil 3000 = 2.000 m
Height of soil above foundation raft =5-2 = 3.000 m
Density of soil 500 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 600 2000 0.5235987756 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load = 2000 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 5 = 5000 Kg/m2
Maximum soil pressure at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =3x1800x0.333 15 6 = 1800 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside fac 0.5 =2000x0.333 8 = 667 Kg/m 2
Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 5 ^3 / 15= 8333.333 or 8333.333 = 8333.33 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.23606798 2.235 3725 or 3726.78 = 3726.78 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to wa 0.8 1 = 1000 x 5 ^2 *0.8/ 2 10000 or 10000 = 10000.00 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 5^2 x0.2/ 2= 2500 or 2500.00 2500.00 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil at bottom of wall =2700x3x(3x3^2-15x15+20x5^2)/60x5^2+2000.01x(2-600 = 3100.81 Kg m / m
Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete 15833.375 = 18.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 8333.333 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 52.705 cm 568.000
Thickness of wall at bottom = 600 mm
Thickness of wall at top = 250 mm
Total width of footing = 3100 mm
Thickness of footing = 650 mm
Provide 600 mm thick at bottom of wall and 250 mm thick at top of wall = 600-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 8333.333 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 55.2 = 11.568 cm /m
2
55.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 170 c/c at inside face of wall 170 407-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wal 407 = 3726.78 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 36.1 = 7.911 cm2 /m 36.1
Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 3100.807 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 554 ^ 2 = 0.149 N/mm 2
600-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wal 0.12 0.12 x 42.5 = 5.1 cm2 /m 55.4
Provide 12 mm @ 140 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 140
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 85 = 5.100 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 150 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 150

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 0 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 2.500 m
Self weight of slab = 0.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 0.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 0.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 2.5 = 2.00 Two adjacent edges discontinous 0.091 = 0.00 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 0.00 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.047 = 0.00 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 0.00 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 2500.00 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(0x100x6/100x0^2)/18 + (2500/100x0)/13 = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Area of steel = 0 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x -4.4 + 2500 / 2 x 1500 = 0.83 cm2 /m 0-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 600 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 600 -4.4

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5 x 2500 = 5312.5 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.1 x 0.65 x 2500 = 5037.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =2 x 5 x 1000 = 10000 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 2000 = 1000 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 3 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 5.000 =5 / 2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =5312.5+ 5037.5+10000+1000+0+0 = 21350 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(5312.5 x 0.8+5037.5 x 1.55+10000 x 2.1+1000 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.8 - 8333.333)/ 21350 = 1.17 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.55 - 1.17 = 0.38 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 21350 x 0.38 = 8113 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 21350 / 1 x 3.1 + 8113 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = 11952.45 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 21350 / 1 x 3.1 + 8113 x 12 x 1.05 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 = 10318.46 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 21350 / 1 x 3.1 + 8113 x 12 x 0.45 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 = 8357.682 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 21350 / 1 x 3.1 - 8113 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = 1821.748 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 11952.445 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 0 = 10327.45 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 10318.462 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 0 = 8693.462 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 8357.682 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1000 = 1732.682 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 1821.748 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1000 = -4803.25 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 6625 = 1.47 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =8693.462 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 1633.983 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 1222.848 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-4803.252 x 1.47 ^2 / 3 = -3459.78 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =1821.748 x 2 ^2/2 + 6535.934 x 2 ^2/6 - 6625 x 2 ^2/2 = -5249.22 Kg m / m
Design of Footing for Outer Wall
Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5 x 2500 = 5312.5 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =3.1 x 0.65 x 2500 = 5037.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.000 1800 =2 x 5 x 1800 = 18000 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 2000 = 1000 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3 x 1800 = 2700 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 5.000 =5 / 2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =5312.5+ 5037.5+18000+1000+2700+0 = 32050 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(5312.5 x 0.8+5037.5 x 1.55+18000 x 2.1+3700 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.8 + 15833.375)/ 32050 = 2.079 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.55 - 2.079 = -0.529 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 32050 x -0.529 = -16954.5 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 32050 / 1 x 3.1 + -16954.45 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = -246.795 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 32050 / 1 x 3.1 + -16954.45 x 12 x 1.05 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 = 3167.884 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 32050 / 1 x 3.1 + -16954.45 x 12 x 0.45 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 = 7265.499 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 32050 / 1 x 3.1 - -16954.45 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = 20924.21 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = -246.795 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 1800-2000 = -9271.8 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3167.884 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 1800-2000 = -5857.12 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7265.499 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1800 = -3359.5 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 20924.214 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1800 = 10299.21 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 6625 = 2.094 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-5857.116 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + -3414.679 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -1016.7 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =10299.214 x 2.094 ^2 / 3 = 15053.45 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =20924.214 x 2 ^2/2 + -13658.715 x 2 ^2/6 - 10625 x 2 ^2/2 = 11492.62 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and = -4803.252 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = -4492.04 Kg m / m
Provide 650 mm thick footing = 650-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 1222.848 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 59.4 = 1.578 cm2 /m 59.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 15053.454772968 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 59.4 = 19.420 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1222.848 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 594 ^2 = 0.051 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 59.4 0.12 = 7.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 150 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -5249.215 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 592 ^2 = 0.22 cm2 /m 650-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 59.2 0.12 = 7.104 cm2 /m 59.2
Provide 16 mm @ 100 c/c top bar in the footing 100
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -4492.041 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 583 ^2 = 0.194 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counter= 0.12 x 58.3 0.12 = 6.996 cm2 /m 650-50-12 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 110 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 110 58.3
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterfor= -4492.041 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 58.3 = 5.904 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 130 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 130

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfor= 8333.333 x 3.35 = 27916.67 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm 2
1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 5000 x 3.35 = 16750 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 16750 / 1500 = 11.16667 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 200
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort = 6625 x 3.35 = 22194 Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 22193.75 / 1500 = 14.8 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c as vertical tie bar in the counterfort 150
Design of Footing for Middle Wall
Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 600 2500 =0.425 x 5 x 2500 = 5312.5 Kg / m
Weight of footing 650 2500 =3.1 x 0.65 x 2500 = 5037.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.000 1000 =1.2 x 5 x 1000 1.200 = 6000 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 5.000 =5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =5312.5+ 5037.5+6000 +0 = 16350 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(5312.5 x 1.35+5037.5 x 1.5+6000 x 2.4+ 0 x 1.5 - 8333.333)/ 16350 = 1.321 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.321 = 0.179 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 16350 x 0.179 = 2926.65 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 16350 / 1 x 3 + 2926.65 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 7401.1 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 16350 / 1 x 3 + 2926.65 x 12 x 1.2 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 7010.88 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 16350 / 1 x 3 + 2926.65 x 12 x 1.8 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 7791.32 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 16350 / 1 x 3 - 2926.65 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 3498.9 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7401.1 - 0.65 x 2500 = 5776.1 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7010.88 - 0.65 x 2500 = 5385.88 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7791.32 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1000 = 1166.32 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3498.9 - 0.65 x 2500 - 5 x 1000 = -3126.1 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 6625 = 2.403 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =5385.88 x 1.2 ^2 / 2 + 390.22 x 1.2 ^2 / 3 = 4065.139 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-3126.1 x 2.403 ^2 / 3 = -6017.13 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =3498.9 x 1.2 ^2/2 + 4292.42 x 1.2 ^2/6 - 6625 x 1.2 ^2/2 = -1220.61 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and = x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 650 mm thick footing = 650-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 4065.139 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 59.4 = 5.244 cm2 /m 59.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 6017.1266583 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 59.4 = 7.762 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 594 ^2 = 0 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 59.4 0.12 = 7.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 210 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 210
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 592 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 650-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 59.2 0.12 = 7.104 cm2 /m 59.2
Provide 16 mm @ 250 c/c top bar in the footing 250
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counter= 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterfor= 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.425 x 5 x 2500 = 5312.5 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.1 x 0.65 x 2500 = 5037.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3 x 1800 = 2700 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 2000 = 1000 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =5312.5+ 5037.5+2700+1000+0 = 14050 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(5312.5 x 0.8+5037.5 x 1.55+1000 x 0.25+2700 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.8 + 3100.807)/ 14050 = 1.145 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.55 - 1.145 = 0.405 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 14050 x 0.405 = 5690.25 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 14050 / 1 x 3.1 + 5690.25 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = 8084.964 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 14050 / 1 x 3.1 + 5690.25 x 12 x 1.05 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 = 6938.93 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 14050 / 1 x 3.1 + 5690.25 x 12 x 0.45 / 1 x 3.1 ^3 5563.689 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 14050 / 1 x 3.1 - 5690.25 x 6 / 1 x 3.1 ^2 = 979.553 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 8084.964 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 1800 - 2000 = -940.036 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6938.93 - 0.65 x 2500 - 3 x 1800 2000 = -2086.07 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5563.689 - 0.65 x 2500 = 3938.689 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 979.553 - 0.65 x 2500 = -645.447 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-645.447 / ( 0.65 x 2500 ) = -0.397 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-940.036 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 695.46113 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-645.447 x -0.397 ^2 / 3 = -33.90942 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =979.553 x 2 ^2/2 + 4584.136 x 2 ^2/6 - 1625 x 2 ^2/2 = 1765.197 Kg m / m
Provide 650 mm thick footing = 650-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 695.461125 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 60.2 = 0.885 cm /m 2
60.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 1765.197 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 60.2 = 2.247 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF WATER STORAGE TANK ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement 100 = Fy 415
Internal dimenssion of the tank 7.000 x 3.000 m
Height of wall 3000 L = 3.000 m
Free board b = 0.100 m
Height of water inside the tank 2900 = 3 - 0.1 a = 2.900 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil 0 = 3.000 m
Height of soil above foundation raft =3-3 = 0.000 m
Density of soil 200 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 275 1025 0.5235987756 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load = 0 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 2.9 = 2900 Kg/m2
Maximum soil pressure at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x1800x0.333 15 6 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x0.333 8 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 2.9 ^3 / 15= 1625.933 1687.583
or = 1687.58 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.35890165 1.341 751.854 744.2919
or = 744.29 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 2.9 ^2 *0.8/ 2 3364 or 3412.583 = 3412.58 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 2.9^2 x0.2/ 2= 841 or 792.42 792.42 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil at bottom of wall =0x0x(3x0^2-15x0+20x3^2)/60x3^2+0x(2-0)^2/8 = 0.00 Kg m / m
Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 8 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 2.5 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 4.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 1687.583 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 23.718 cm 263.000
Thickness of wall at bottom = 275 mm
Thickness of wall at top = 150 mm
Total width of footing = 1500 mm
Thickness of footing = 350 mm
Provide 275 mm thick at bottom of wall and 150 mm thick at top of wall = 275-25-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 1687.583 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.4 = 5.300 cm /m2
24.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 210 c/c at inside face of wall 210 207-25-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 207 = 744.292 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 17.7 = 3.222 cm2 /m 17.7
Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 0 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 245 ^ 2 = 0.000 N/mm 2
275-25-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 21.25 = 2.55 cm2 /m 24.5
Provide 10 mm @ 240 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 240
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 42.5 = 2.550 cm2 /m
Provide 8 mm @ 190 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 190

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 7.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 3.000 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 7 / 3 = 2.33 Two adjacent edges discontinous 0.091 = 511.88 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 388.13 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.047 = 264.38 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 196.88 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 792.42 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(511.88x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (792.417/100x15)/13 = 0.798978 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 511.88 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 12.1 + 792.417 / 2 x 1500 = 3.51 cm /m
2
150-25 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 140 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 140 12.1

Design of Footing
Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2125 x 3 x 2500 = 1593.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =1.5 x 0.35 x 2500 = 1312.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =1.025 x 2.9 x 1000 = 2972.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.2 x 0 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 3.000 =3 / 2 x 625 = 937.5 Kg / m
Total load =1593.75+ 1312.5+2972.5+0+937.5 = 6816.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1593.75 x 0.3375+1312.5 x 0.75+2972.5 x 0.9875+0 x 0.1 + 937.5 x 0.3375 - 1687.583)/ 6816 = 0.453 m

Eccentricity of loading = 0.75 - 0.453 = 0.297 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 6816.25 x 0.297 = 2024.426 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 9942.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 12 x 0.55 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 8503.044 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 12 x 0.275 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 6523.605 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 - 2024.426 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = -854.303 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 9942.636 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 9067.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 8503.044 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 7628.044 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6523.605 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.9 x 1000 = 2748.605 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = -854.303 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.9 x 1000 = -4629.3 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 3775 = 0.643 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =7628.044 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 + 1439.592 x 0.2 ^2 / 3 = 171.755 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-4629.303 x 0.643 ^2 / 3 = -637.994 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =-854.303 x 1.025 ^2/2 + 7377.908 x 1.025 ^2/6 - 3775 x 1.025 ^2/2 = -1139.93 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self wei = -4629.303 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = -4329.36 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-40-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 171.755 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.4 = 0.433 cm /m
2
30.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = -1139.928 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.4 = 2.873 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 171.755 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 304 ^2 = 0.027 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 30.4 0.12 = 3.648 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 310 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 310
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -1139.928 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 304 ^2 = 0.182 cm2 /m 350-40-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 30.4 0.12 = 3.648 cm /m
2
30.4
Provide 12 mm @ 390 c/c top bar in the footing 390
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -4329.363 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 293 ^2 = 0.742 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 29.3 0.12 = 3.516 cm2 /m 350-40-12 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 220 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 220 29.3
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = -4329.363 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.3 = 11.323 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 60 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 60

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 1687.583 x 3.35 = 5653.40 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-25-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1962.5 = 1.080 N/mm 2
1962.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 196.25 0.322 = 37.9155 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 196.25 0.12 = 14.13 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 8 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 2900 x 3.35 = 9715 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 9715 / 1500 = 6.476667 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 340 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 340
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort = 3775 x 3.35 = 12646 Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 12646.25 / 1500 = 8.4 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 260 mm c/c as vertical tie bar in the counterfort 260
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2125 x 3 x 2500 = 1593.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =1.5 x 0.35 x 2500 = 1312.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.2 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =1593.75+ 1312.5+0+0+0 = 2906.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1593.75 x 0.3375+1312.5 x 0.75+0 x 0.1+0 x 0.1 + 0 x 0.3375 + 0)/ 2906.25 = 0.524 m

Eccentricity of loading = 0.75 - 0.524 = 0.226 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 2906.25 x 0.226 = 656.813 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 3689.001 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 12 x 0.55 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 3221.934 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 12 x 0.275 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 2579.717 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 - 656.813 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 185.999 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3689.001 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 - 0 = 2814.001 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3221.934 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 0 = 2346.934 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2579.717 - 0.35 x 2500 = 1704.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 185.999 - 0.35 x 2500 = -689.001 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-689.001 / ( 0.35 x 2500 ) = -0.787 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2814.001 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 = 51.59434 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-689.001 x -0.787 ^2 / 3 = -142.2486 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =185.999 x 1.025 ^2/2 + 2393.718 x 1.025 ^2/6 - 875 x 1.025 ^2/2 = 57.209 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-25-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 51.59434 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 31.9 = 0.124 cm /m 2
31.9
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 57.209 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 31.9 = 0.137 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF COOLING WATER PUMP HOUSE FOREBAY ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel Reinforcement 100 = Fy 415
Internal dimenssion of the tank 7.000 x 3.000 m
Height of wall 3000 L = 3.000 m
Free board b = 0.100 m
Height of water inside the tank 2900 = 3 - 0.1 a = 2.900 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil 0 = 3.000 m
Height of soil above foundation raft =3-3 = 0.000 m
Density of soil 200 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 275 1025 0.5235987756 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 0 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 2.9 Full Partial = 2900 Kg/m2
Maximum soil pressure at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x1800x0.333 15 6 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =0x0.333 8 = 0 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 2.9 ^3 / 15= 1625.933 1687.583 = 1687.58 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.35890165 1.341 751.854 744.2919 = 744.29 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 2.9 ^2 *0.8/ 2 3364 3412.583 = 3412.58 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 2.9^2 x0.2/ 2= 841 792.42 792.42 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil at bottom of wall =0x0x(3x0^2-15x0+20x3^2)/60x3^2+0x(2-0)^2/8 = 0.00 Kg m / m
Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 8 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 10 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 2.5 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 4.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 1687.583 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 23.718 cm 263.000
Thickness of wall at bottom = 275 mm
Thickness of wall at top = 150 mm
Total width of footing = 1500 mm
Thickness of footing = 350 mm
Provide 275 mm thick at bottom of wall and 150 mm thick at top of wall = 275-25-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 1687.583 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.4 = 5.300 cm /m2
24.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 210 c/c at inside face of wall 210 207-25-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 207 = 744.292 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 17.7 = 3.222 cm2 /m 17.7
Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 0 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 245 ^ 2 = 0.000 N/mm 2
275-25-5
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 21.25 = 2.55 cm2 /m 24.5
Provide 10 mm @ 240 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 240
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 42.5 = 2.550 cm2 /m
Provide 8 mm @ 190 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 190

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 7.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 3.000 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 7 / 3 = 2.33 Two adjacent edges discontinous 0.091 = 511.88 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 388.13 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.047 = 264.38 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 196.88 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 792.42 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(511.88x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (792.417/100x15)/13 = 0.798978 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 511.88 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 12.1 + 792.417 / 2 x 1500 = 3.51 cm /m
2
150-25 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 140 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 140 12.1

Design of Footing
Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2125 x 3 x 2500 = 1593.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =1.5 x 0.35 x 2500 = 1312.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =1.025 x 2.9 x 1000 = 2972.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.2 x 0 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 3.000 =3 / 2 x 625 = 937.5 Kg / m
Total load =1593.75+ 1312.5+2972.5+0+937.5 = 6816.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1593.75 x 0.3375+1312.5 x 0.75+2972.5 x 0.9875+0 x 0.1 + 937.5 x 0.3375 - 1687.583)/ 6816 = 0.453 m

Eccentricity of loading = 0.75 - 0.453 = 0.297 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 6816.25 x 0.297 = 2024.426 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 9942.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 12 x 0.55 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 8503.044 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 2024.426 x 12 x 0.275 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 6523.605 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 6816.25 / 1 x 1.5 - 2024.426 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = -854.303 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 9942.636 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 9067.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 8503.044 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 7628.044 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6523.605 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.9 x 1000 = 2748.605 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = -854.303 - 0.35 x 2500 - 2.9 x 1000 = -4629.3 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 3775 = 0.643 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =7628.044 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 + 1439.592 x 0.2 ^2 / 3 = 171.755 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-4629.303 x 0.643 ^2 / 3 = -637.994 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =-854.303 x 1.025 ^2/2 + 7377.908 x 1.025 ^2/6 - 3775 x 1.025 ^2/2 = -1139.93 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self wei = -4629.303 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = -4329.36 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-40-5
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 171.755 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.5 = 0.432 cm /m
2
30.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = -1139.928 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.5 = 2.864 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 171.755 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 305 ^2 = 0.027 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 30.5 0.12 = 3.66 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 210 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 210
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -1139.928 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 305 ^2 = 0.18 cm2 /m 350-40-5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 30.5 0.12 = 3.66 cm /m
2
30.5
Provide 10 mm @ 270 c/c top bar in the footing 270
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -4329.363 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 295 ^2 = 0.732 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 29.5 0.12 = 3.54 cm2 /m 350-40-10 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 220 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 220 29.5
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = -4329.363 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 11.246 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 60 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 60

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 1687.583 x 3.35 = 5653.40 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-25-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1962.5 = 1.080 N/mm 2
1962.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 196.25 0.322 = 37.9155 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 196.25 0.12 = 14.13 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 8 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 2900 x 3.35 = 9715 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 9715 / 1500 = 6.476667 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 340 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 340
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort = 3775 x 3.35 = 12646 Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 12646.25 / 1500 = 8.4 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 260 mm c/c as vertical tie bar in the counterfort 260
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.2125 x 3 x 2500 = 1593.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =1.5 x 0.35 x 2500 = 1312.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.2 x 0 x 1800 = 0 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.2 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =1593.75+ 1312.5+0+0+0 = 2906.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(1593.75 x 0.3375+1312.5 x 0.75+0 x 0.1+0 x 0.1 + 0 x 0.3375 + 0)/ 2906.25 = 0.524 m

Eccentricity of loading = 0.75 - 0.524 = 0.226 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 2906.25 x 0.226 = 656.813 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 3689.001 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 12 x 0.55 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 = 3221.934 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 + 656.813 x 12 x 0.275 / 1 x 1.5 ^3 2579.717 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 2906.25 / 1 x 1.5 - 656.813 x 6 / 1 x 1.5 ^2 = 185.999 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3689.001 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 - 0 = 2814.001 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3221.934 - 0.35 x 2500 - 0 x 1800 0 = 2346.934 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2579.717 - 0.35 x 2500 = 1704.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 185.999 - 0.35 x 2500 = -689.001 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-689.001 / ( 0.35 x 2500 ) = -0.787 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2814.001 x 0.2 ^2 / 2 = 51.59434 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-689.001 x -0.787 ^2 / 3 = -142.2486 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =185.999 x 1.025 ^2/2 + 2393.718 x 1.025 ^2/6 - 875 x 1.025 ^2/2 = 57.209 Kg m / m
Provide 350 mm thick footing = 350-25-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 51.59434 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 31.9 = 0.124 cm /m 2
31.9
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 57.209 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 31.9 = 0.137 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 500 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 500 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 6.500 m
Width of Channel W = 3.500 m
Free board b = 0.500 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m 1.41749
Depth of soil below water table 6000 = 6 - 2.4 a1 = 3.600 m
Height of water inside the tank 6000 = 6.5 - 0.5 a = 6.000 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.500 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 6.5 - 0.5 = 6.000 m
Density of soil 750 3500 750 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 250 250 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 6 Full Partial = 6000 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =6x1800x0.333 = 3600 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =3.6x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 960 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =3.6x1000 = 3600 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 6 ^3 / 15= 36000 14400 15678.11 = 15678.11 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 3.00057799 2.9055 0 6973.2 6775.169 = 6775.17 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 6 ^2 *0.8/ 2 18000 14400 14873.56 = 14873.56 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 6^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 3600 3126.45 3126.45 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 35784 = 15285.50 Kg m / m
=10800x6x(3x6^2-15x39+20x6.5^2)/60x6.5^2+4320x3.6x(3x3.6^2-15x23.4+20x6.5^2)/60x6.5^2+3000x6x(2-923.076923076923)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 15678.107 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 72.291 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 750 mm 763.000
Thickness of wall at top = 500 mm
Total width of footing = 5500 mm 0.749
Thickness of footing = 1000 mm Safe
Provide 750 mm thick at bottom of wall and 500 mm thick at top of wall = 750-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 15678.107 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.2 = 17.114 cm2 /m 70.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 110 c/c at inside face of wall 110 615-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 15285.503 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.2 16.685 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm bar @ 120 c/c at outside face of wall 120
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 615 = 6775.169 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 56.7 = 9.156 cm2 /m 56.7

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 15285.503 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 702 ^ 2 = 0.456 N/mm2 750-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 62.5 = 7.5 cm /m
2
70.2
Provide 16 mm @ 210 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 210
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 125 = 7.500 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 150 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 150

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 200 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 4.000 m
Self weight of slab = 500.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 750.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5/4= 1.25 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 1092.00 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 828.00 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 1056.00 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 420.00 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 3126.45 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(1092x100x6/100x20^2)/18 + (3126.445/100x20)/13 = 1.0302479 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 1092 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 15.6 + 3126.445 / 2 x 1500 = 6.41 cm2 /m 200-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 70 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 70 15.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 6.5 x 2500 = 10156.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =5.5 x 1 x 2500 = 13750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =3.5 x 6 x 1000 = 21000 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.25 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.25 x 6 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 3.500 =3.5 x 750 = 2625 Kg / m
Total load =2x10156.25+ 13750+21000+2x0+2x0+2625 = 57687.5 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 57687.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 10488.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 57687.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 12 x 2.5 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 = 10488.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 57687.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 12 x 1.75 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 = 10488.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 57687.5 / 1 x 5.5 - x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 10488.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 10488.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 7988.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 10488.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 7988.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 10488.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = 1988.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 10488.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = 1988.636 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =7988.636 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 249.645 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =10488.636 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 0x0.875-11468.75x0.375-15678.107 -2500 x 1 ^2/2 = -15984.57 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =10488.636 x 2.75 ^2 / 2-15678.107-2500x2.75^2/2-0x2.625-11468.75x2.125-1.75x6000x0.875 = -19029.67 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 6.5 x 2500 = 10156.25 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =5.5 x 1 x 2500 = 13750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 6.000 0 =3.5 x 6 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 6 x 1800 = 2700 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 3.500 =3.5 x 750 = 2625 Kg / m
Total load =2x10156.25+ 13750+0+2x375+2x2700+2625 = 42837.5 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 42837.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 7788.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 42837.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 12 x 2.5 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 = 7788.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 42837.5 / 1 x 5.5 + x 12 x 1.75 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 = 7788.636 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 42837.5 / 1 x 5.5 - x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 7788.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7788.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1800-1500 = -7011.364 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7788.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1800-1500 = -7011.364 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7788.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 5288.636 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 7788.636 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 5288.636 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-7011.364 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = -219.105 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =7788.636 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 2500 x 1 ^2/2+15285.503-3075x0.875-11468.75x0.375 = 10938.415 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =7788.636 x 2.75 ^2/2 - 2500 x 2.75 ^2/2+15285.503-3075x2.625-11468.75x2.125 = 2840.189 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 1988.636 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 1859.789 Kg m / m
Provide 1000 mm thick footing = 1000-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(19029.670875x100x6/100x100^2)/18 + (14873.555/100x100)/13 = 0.7487343 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 249.645 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 94.2 = 0.203 cm2 /m 94.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 19029.670875 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 94.2+14873.555/2x1500 = 20.438 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 10938.415 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 94.2 8.898 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 249.645 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 942 ^2 = 0.004 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 94.2 0.12 = 11.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 170 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 170
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -15984.57 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 940 ^2 = 0.266 cm2 /m 1000-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 94 0.12 = 11.28 cm2 /m 94
Provide 20 mm @ 150 c/c top bar in the footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1859.789 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 926 ^2 = 0.032 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 92.6 0.12 = 11.112 cm2 /m 1000-50-16 - 8
Provide 16 mm @ 180 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 180 92.6
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 1859.789 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 92.6 = 1.539 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 1300 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 1300

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 15678.107 x 3.35 = 52521.66 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 6000 x 3.35 = 20100 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 20100 / 1500 = 13.4 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 160 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 160
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 750 2500 =0.625 x 6.5 x 2500 = 10156.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 1000 2500 =5.5 x 1 x 2500 = 13750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 6.000 1000 =1.125 x 6 x 1000 1.125 = 6750 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 3.500 =3.5 x 750 = 1312.5 Kg / m
Total load =10156.25+ 13750+6750 +1312.5 = 31968.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(10156.25 x 1.3125+13750 x 1.5+6750 x 2.4375+ 1312.5 x 1.5 - 15678.107)/ 31968.75 = 1.208 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.208 = 0.292 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 31968.75 x 0.292 = 9334.875 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 31968.75 / 1 x 3 + 9334.875 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 16879.5 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 31968.75 / 1 x 3 + 9334.875 x 12 x 1.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 15323.688 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 31968.75 / 1 x 3 + 9334.875 x 12 x 1.875 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 18435.313 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 31968.75 / 1 x 3 - 9334.875 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 4433 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 16879.5 - 1 x 2500 = 14379.5 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 15323.688 - 1 x 2500 = 12823.688 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 18435.313 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = 9935.313 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4433 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = -4067 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 8500 = 0.98 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =12823.688 x 1.125 ^2 / 2 + 1555.812 x 1.125 ^2 / 3 = 8771.348 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-4067 x 0.98 ^2 / 3 = -1301.982 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4433 x 1.125 ^2/2 + 14002.313 x 1.125 ^2/6 - 8500 x 1.125 ^2/2 = 379.964 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 1000 mm thick footing = 1000-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 8771.348 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 94.2 = 7.135 cm2 /m 94.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 1301.98226666667 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 94.2 = 1.059 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 942 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 94.2 0.12 = 11.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 280 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 280
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 940 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 1000-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 94 0.12 = 11.28 cm2 /m 94
Provide 20 mm @ 270 c/c top bar in the footing 270
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 6.5 x 2500 = 10156.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =5.5 x 1 x 2500 = 13750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 6 x 1800 = 2700 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.75 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =10156.25+ 13750+2700+375+0 = 26981.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(10156.25 x 0.625+13750 x 2.75+375 x 0.125+2700 x 0.125 + 0 x 0.625 + 15285.503)/ 26981.25 = 2.217 m

Eccentricity of loading = 2.75 - 2.217 = 0.533 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 26981.25 x 0.533 = 14381.006 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 26981.25 / 1 x 5.5 + 14381.006 x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 7758.113 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 26981.25 / 1 x 5.5 + 14381.006 x 12 x 2.5 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 = 7498.801 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 26981.25 / 1 x 5.5 + 14381.006 x 12 x 1.75 / 1 x 5.5 ^3 6720.865 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 26981.25 / 1 x 5.5 - 14381.006 x 6 / 1 x 5.5 ^2 = 2053.251 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7758.113 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1800 - 1500 = -7041.887 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7498.801 - 1 x 2500 - 6 x 1800 1500 = -7301.199 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6720.865 - 1 x 2500 = 4220.865 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 2053.251 - 1 x 2500 = -446.749 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-446.749 / ( 1 x 2500 ) = -0.179 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-7041.887 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 = 210.027031 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-446.749 x -0.179 ^2 / 3 = -4.77142824 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =2053.251 x 3.5 ^2/2 + 4667.614 x 3.5 ^2/6 - 2500 x 3.5 ^2/2 = 6793.374 Kg m / m
Provide 1000 mm thick footing = 1000-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 210.02703125 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 95.2 = 0.169 cm /m 2
95.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 6793.374 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 95.2 = 5.468 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 6.430 m
Width of Channel W = 31.450 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 6000 = 6 - 2.4 a1 = 3.600 m 1.226273
Height of water inside the tank 6000 = 6.43 - 0.43 a = 6.000 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 6.43 - 0.43 = 6.000 m
Density of soil 1200 31450 1200 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 1000 1000 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 6 Full Partial = 6000 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =6x1800x0.333 = 3600 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =3.6x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 960 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =3.6x1000 = 3600 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 6 ^3 / 15= 36000 14400 15507.51 = 36000.00 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.9546832 2.87421 0 6898.1 6734.548 = 6734.55 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 6 ^2 *0.8/ 2 18000 14400 14813 = 18000.00 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 6^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 3600 3187.01 3187.01 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 35784 = 35784.00 Kg m / m
=10800x6x(3x6^2-15x38.58+20x6.43^2)/60x6.43^2+4320x3.6x(3x3.6^2-15x23.148+20x6.43^2)/60x6.43^2+3000x6x(2-933.125972006221)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 25 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 36000 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 109.545 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 1200 mm 1136.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 35850 mm
Thickness of footing = 2500 mm Safe
Provide 1200 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 1200-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 36000 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 115.2 = 23.946 cm2 /m 115.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 80 c/c at inside face of wall 80 660-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 35784 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 115.2 23.803 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 40 c/c at outside face of wall 40
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 660 = 6734.548 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 61.4 = 8.405 cm2 /m 61.4

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 35784 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1154 ^ 2 = 0.395 N/mm2 1200-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 70 = 8.4 cm /m
2
115.4
Provide 12 mm @ 130 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 130
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 140 = 8.400 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 90 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 90

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 31.650 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 31.65 = 0.16 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 56972.97 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 43199.28 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 55094.74 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 21912.68 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 3187.01 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(56972.97x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (3187.013/100x15)/13 = 84.567837 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 56972.97 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 3187.013 / 2 x 1500 = 412.93 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.7 x 6.43 x 2500 = 11252.5 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =35.85 x 2.5 x 2500 = 224062.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =31.45 x 6 x 1000 = 188700 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =1 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =1 x 6 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 31.450 =31.45 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x11252.5+ 224062.5+188700+2x0+2x0+0 = 435267.5 Kg / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 435267.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 6 / 1 x 35.85 ^2 = 12141.353 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 435267.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 12 x 16.925 / 1 x 35.85 ^3 = 12141.353 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 435267.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 12 x 15.725 / 1 x 35.85 ^3 = 12141.353 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 435267.5 / 1 x 35.85 - x 6 / 1 x 35.85 ^2 = 12141.353 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 12141.353 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 5891.353 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 12141.353 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 5891.353 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 12141.353 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = -108.647 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 12141.353 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = -108.647 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =5891.353 x 1 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 1 ^2 / 3 = 2945.677 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =12141.353 x 2.2 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.2 ^2/6 - 0x1.7-11252.5x0.6-36000 -6250 x 2.2 ^2/2 = -28494.43 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =12141.353 x 17.925 ^2 / 2-36000-6250x17.925^2/2-0x17.425-11252.5x16.325-15.725x6000x7.8625 = -15061.51 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.7 x 6.43 x 2500 = 11252.5 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =35.85 x 2.5 x 2500 = 224062.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 6.000 0 =31.45 x 6 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =1 x 1500 = 1500 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =1 x 6 x 1800 = 10800 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 31.450 =31.45 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x11252.5+ 224062.5+0+2x1500+2x10800+0 = 271167.5 Kg / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 271167.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 6 / 1 x 35.85 ^2 = 7563.947 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 271167.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 12 x 16.925 / 1 x 35.85 ^3 = 7563.947 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 271167.5 / 1 x 35.85 + x 12 x 15.725 / 1 x 35.85 ^3 = 7563.947 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 271167.5 / 1 x 35.85 - x 6 / 1 x 35.85 ^2 = 7563.947 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7563.947 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1800-1500 = -10986.05 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7563.947 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1800-1500 = -10986.05 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7563.947 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 1313.947 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 7563.947 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 0 = 1313.947 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-10986.053 x 1 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 1 ^2 / 3 = -5493.027 Kg m / m


Moment along the inner edge of wall =7563.947 x 2.2 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.2 ^2/6 - 6250 x 2.2 ^2/2+35784-12300x1.7-11252.5x0.6 = 11302.252 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =7563.947 x 17.925 ^2/2 - 6250 x 17.925 ^2/2+35784-12300x17.425-11252.5x16.325 = -151151.3 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= -108.647000000001 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = -101.608 Kg m / m
Provide 2500 mm thick footing = 2500-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(28494.426x100x6/100x250^2)/18 + (18000/100x250)/13 = 0.2073549 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 2945.677 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 244.2 = 0.924 cm2 /m 244.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 28494.426 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 244.2+18000/2x1500 = 14.941 cm2 /m
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 151151.281 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 244.2 47.430 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 2945.677 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2442 ^2 = 0.007 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 244.2 0.08 = 19.536 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 100 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 100
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -28494.426 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2437.5 ^2 = 0.071 cm2 /m 2500-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 243.75 0.12 = 29.25 cm /m2
243.75
Provide 25 mm @ 100 c/c top bar in the footing 100
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -101.608 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2426 ^2 = 0 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.08 x 242.6 0.08 = 19.408 cm2 /m 2500-50-16 - 8
Provide 16 mm @ 100 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 100 242.6
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = -101.608 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 242.6 = 0.032 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 62640 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 62640

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 36000 x 3.35 = 120600.00 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 6000 x 3.35 = 20100 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 20100 / 1500 = 13.4 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 160 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 160
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 1200 2500 =0.7 x 6.43 x 2500 = 11252.5 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 2500 =35.85 x 2.5 x 2500 = 224062.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 6.000 1000 =0.9 x 6 x 1000 0.900 = 5400 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 31.450 =31.45 x 625 = 9828.125 Kg / m
Total load =11252.5+ 224062.5+5400 +9828.125 = 250543.13 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(11252.5 x 1.2+224062.5 x 1.5+5400 x 2.55+ 9828.125 x 1.5 - 36000)/ 250543.125 = 1.379 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.379 = 0.121 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 250543.125 x 0.121 = 30315.718 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 250543.125 / 1 x 3 + 30315.718 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 103724.85 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 250543.125 / 1 x 3 + 30315.718 x 12 x 0.9 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 95640.662 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 250543.125 / 1 x 3 + 30315.718 x 12 x 2.1 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 111809.05 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 250543.125 / 1 x 3 - 30315.718 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 63303.896 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 103724.854 - 2.5 x 2500 = 97474.854 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 95640.662 - 2.5 x 2500 = 89390.662 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 111809.045 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = 99559.045 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 63303.896 - 2.5 x 2500 - 6 x 1000 = 51053.896 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 12250 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =89390.662 x 0.9 ^2 / 2 + 8084.19200000001 x 0.9 ^2 / 3 = 38385.95 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =51053.896 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =63303.896 x 0.9 ^2/2 + 48505.149 x 0.9 ^2/6 - 12250 x 0.9 ^2/2 = 27225.023 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 2500 mm thick footing = 2500-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 38385.95 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 244.2 = 12.045 cm2 /m 244.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 27225.023 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 244.2 = 8.543 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2442 ^2 = 0 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 244.2 0.12 = 29.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 160 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 160
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2437.5 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 2500-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 243.75 0.12 = 29.25 cm2 /m 243.75
Provide 25 mm @ 160 c/c top bar in the footing 160
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.7 x 6.43 x 2500 = 11252.5Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =35.85 x 2.5 x 2500 = 224062.5Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =1 x 6 x 1800 = 10800Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =1 x 1500 = 1500Kg / m
Load from Roof slab #REF! = #REF! Kg / m
Total load #REF! = #REF! Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge #REF! = #REF! m

Eccentricity of loading #REF! = #REF! m


Moment due to eccentricity #REF! = #REF! Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall #REF! #REF! Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge #REF! = #REF! Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing #REF! = #REF! m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall #REF! = #REF! Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line #REF! = #REF! Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall #REF! = #REF! Kg m / m
Provide 2500 mm thick footing = 2500-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall #REF! = #REF! cm /m 2
245.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 5.780 m
Width of Channel W = 30.450 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 5350 = 5.35 - 2.4 a1 = 2.950 m 1.227345
Height of water inside the tank 5350 = 5.78 - 0.43 a = 5.350 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 5.78 - 0.43 = 5.350 m
Density of soil 1050 30450 1050 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 1000 1000 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 5.35 Full Partial = 5350 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =5.35x1800x0.333 = 3210 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =2.95x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 787 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =2.95x1000 = 2950 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 5.35 ^3 / 15= 25521.729 10209 11084.28 = 25521.73 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.66509643 2.58366 0 4930.05 4795.99 = 4795.99 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 5.35 ^2 *0.8/ 2 14311.25 11449 11813.42 = 14311.25 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 5.35^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 2862.25 2497.83 2497.83 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 25321.149 = 25321.15 Kg m / m
=8586.75x5.35x(3x5.35^2-15x30.923+20x5.78^2)/60x5.78^2+2900.833825x2.95x(3x2.95^2-15x17.051+20x5.78^2)/60x5.78^2+2675x5.35x(2-925.60553633218)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 25 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 25521.729 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 92.235 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 1050 mm 963.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 34550 mm
Thickness of footing = 2300 mm Safe
Provide 1050 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 1050-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 25521.729 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 100.2 = 19.518 cm2 /m 100.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 100 c/c at inside face of wall 100 592-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 25321.149 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 100.2 19.364 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 50 c/c at outside face of wall 50
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 592 = 4795.99 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.6 = 6.731 cm2 /m 54.6

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 25321.149 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1004 ^ 2 = 0.370 N/mm2 1050-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 62.5 = 7.5 cm /m2
100.4
Provide 12 mm @ 160 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 160
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 125 = 7.500 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 100 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 100

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 0 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 30.650 m
Self weight of slab = 0.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 30.65 = 0.16 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 21371.86 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 16205.04 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 20667.30 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 8219.95 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 2497.83 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(21371.86x100x6/100x0^2)/18 + (2497.828/100x0)/13 = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Area of steel = 21371.86 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x -4.4 + 2497.828 / 2 x 1500 = -371.37 cm2 /m 0-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 -4.4

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 5.78 x 2500 = 9031.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =34.55 x 2.3 x 2500 = 198662.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =30.45 x 5.35 x 1000 = 162907.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =1 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =1 x 5.35 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 30.450 =30.45 x 250 = 7612.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x9031.25+ 198662.5+162907.5+2x0+2x0+7612.5 = 387245 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 387245 / 1 x 34.55 + x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 11208.249 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 387245 / 1 x 34.55 + x 12 x 16.275 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 = 11208.249 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 387245 / 1 x 34.55 + x 12 x 15.225 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 = 11208.249 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 387245 / 1 x 34.55 - x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 11208.249 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 11208.249 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 0 = 5458.249 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 11208.249 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 0 = 5458.249 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 11208.249 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1000 = 108.249 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 11208.249 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1000 = 108.249 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =5458.249 x 1 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 1 ^2 / 3 = 2729.125 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =11208.249 x 2.05 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.05 ^2/6 - 0x1.55-12837.5x0.525-25521.729 -5750 x 2.05 ^2/2 = -20792.271 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =11208.249 x 17.275 ^2 / 2-25521.729-5750x17.275^2/2-0x16.775-12837.5x15.75-15.225x5350x7.6125 = -33338.341 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 5.78 x 2500 = 9031.25 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =34.55 x 2.3 x 2500 = 198662.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.350 0 =30.45 x 5.35 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =1 x 1500 = 1500 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =1 x 5.35 x 1800 = 9630 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 30.450 =30.45 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x9031.25+ 198662.5+0+2x1500+2x9630+0 = 238985 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 238985 / 1 x 34.55 + x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 6917.077 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 238985 / 1 x 34.55 + x 12 x 16.275 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 = 6917.077 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 238985 / 1 x 34.55 + x 12 x 15.225 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 = 6917.077 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 238985 / 1 x 34.55 - x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 6917.077 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 6917.077 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1800-1500 = -9962.923 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6917.077 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1800-1500 = -9962.923 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6917.077 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 0 = 1167.077 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 6917.077 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 0 = 1167.077 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-9962.923 x 1 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 1 ^2 / 3 = -4981.462 Kg m / m


Moment along the inner edge of wall =6917.077 x 2.05 ^2/2 + 0 x 2.05 ^2/6 - 5750 x 2.05 ^2/2+25321.149-11130x1.55-9031.25 = 5780.563 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =6917.077 x 17.275 ^2/2 - 5750 x 17.275 ^2/2+25321.149-11130x16.775-9031.25x15.75 = -129483.95 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 108.248999999999 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 101.235 Kg m / m
Provide 2300 mm thick footing = 2300-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(33338.3412596877x100x6/100x230^2)/18 + (14311.25/100x230)/13 = 0.25793518 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 2729.125 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 224.2 = 0.933 cm2 /m 224.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 33338.3412596877 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 224.2+14311.25/2x1500 = 16.165 cm /m2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 129483.947 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 224.2 44.256 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 2729.125 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2242 ^2 = 0.008 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 224.2 0.08 = 17.936 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 110 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 110
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -20792.271 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2237.5 ^2 = 0.061 cm2 /m 2300-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 223.75 0.12 = 26.85 cm2 /m 223.75
Provide 25 mm @ 110 c/c top bar in the footing 110
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 101.235 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2226 ^2 = 0 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.08 x 222.6 0.08 = 17.808 cm2 /m 2300-50-16 - 8
Provide 16 mm @ 110 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 110 222.6
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 101.235 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 222.6 = 0.035 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 57690 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 57690

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 25521.729 x 3.35 = 85497.79 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 5350 x 3.35 = 17923 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 17922.5 / 1500 = 11.9483333 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 180 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 180
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 1050 2500 =0.625 x 5.78 x 2500 = 9031.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2300 2500 =34.55 x 2.3 x 2500 = 198662.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.350 1000 =0.975 x 5.35 x 1000 0.975 = 5216.25 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 30.450 =30.45 x 250 = 3806.25 Kg / m
Total load =9031.25+ 198662.5+5216.25 +3806.25 = 216716.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(9031.25 x 1.2375+198662.5 x 1.5+5216.25 x 2.5125+ 3806.25 x 1.5 - 25521.729)/ 216716.25 = 1.407 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.407 = 0.093 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 216716.25 x 0.093 = 20154.611 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 216716.25 / 1 x 3 + 20154.611 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 85675.157 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 216716.25 / 1 x 3 + 20154.611 x 12 x 0.975 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 80972.415 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 216716.25 / 1 x 3 + 20154.611 x 12 x 2.025 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 90377.9 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 216716.25 / 1 x 3 - 20154.611 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 58802.343 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 85675.157 - 2.3 x 2500 = 79925.157 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 80972.415 - 2.3 x 2500 = 75222.415 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 90377.9 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1000 = 79277.9 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 58802.343 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1000 = 47702.343 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 11100 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =75222.415 x 0.975 ^2 / 2 + 4702.74200000001 x 0.975 ^2 / 3 = 37244.336 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =47702.343 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =58802.343 x 0.975 ^2/2 + 31575.557 x 0.975 ^2/6 - 11100 x 0.975 ^2/2 = 27676.272 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 2300 mm thick footing = 2300-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 37244.336 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 224.2 = 12.730 cm2 /m 224.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 27676.272 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 224.2 = 9.459 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2242 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 224.2 0.12 = 26.904 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 150 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 2237.5 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 2300-50-12.5
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 223.75 0.12 = 26.85 cm2 /m 223.75
Provide 25 mm @ 180 c/c top bar in the footing 180
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.625 x 5.78 x 2500 = 9031.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =34.55 x 2.3 x 2500 = 198662.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =1 x 5.35 x 1800 = 9630 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =1 x 1500 = 1500 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.25 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =9031.25+ 198662.5+9630+1500+0 = 218823.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(9031.25 x 1.525+198662.5 x 17.275+1500 x 0.5+9630 x 0.5 + 0 x 1.525 + 25321.149)/ 218823.75 = 15.887 m

Eccentricity of loading = 17.275 - 15.887 = 1.388 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 218823.75 x 1.388 = 303727.365 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 218823.75 / 1 x 34.55 + 303727.365 x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 7860.187 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 218823.75 / 1 x 34.55 + 303727.365 x 12 x 16.275 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 = 7771.814 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 218823.75 / 1 x 34.55 + 303727.365 x 12 x 15.225 / 1 x 34.55 ^3 7679.022 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 218823.75 / 1 x 34.55 - 303727.365 x 6 / 1 x 34.55 ^2 = 4806.89 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 7860.187 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1800 - 1500 = -9019.813 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 7771.814 - 2.3 x 2500 - 5.35 x 1800 1500 = -9108.186 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 7679.022 - 2.3 x 2500 = 1929.022 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4806.89 - 2.3 x 2500 = -943.11 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-943.11 / ( 2.3 x 2500 ) = -0.164 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-9019.813 x 1 ^2 / 2 = 3839.511 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-943.11 x -0.164 ^2 / 3 = -8.45529552 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4806.89 x 30.45 ^2/2 + 2872.132 x 30.45 ^2/6 - 5750 x 30.45 ^2/2 = 6614.354 Kg m / m
Provide 2300 mm thick footing = 2300-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 3839.511 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 225.2 = 1.306 cm /m 2
225.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 6614.354 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 225.2 = 2.251 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 5.466 m
Width of Channel W = 24.450 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 5036 = 5.036 - 2.4 a1 = 2.636 m 1.218367
Height of water inside the tank 5036 = 5.466 - 0.43 a = 5.036 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 5.466 - 0.43 = 5.036 m
Density of soil 900 24450 900 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 5.036 Full Partial = 5036 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =5.036x1800x0.333 = 3022 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =2.636x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 703 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =2.636x1000 = 2636 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 5.036 ^3 / 15= 21286.581 8514.63 9287.952 = 21286.58 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.52529898 2.443302 0 4131 4010.225 = 4010.23 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 5.036 ^2 *0.8/ 2 12680.648 10145 10485.51 = 12680.65 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 5.036^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 2536.13 2195.14 2195.14 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 21147.41 = 21147.41 Kg m / m
=7608.3888x5.036x(3x5.036^2-15x27.526776+20x5.466^2)/60x5.466^2+2316.164894x2.636x(3x2.636^2-15x14.408376+20x5.466^2)/60x5.466^2+2518x5.036x(2-921.331869740212)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 21286.581 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 84.235 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 900 mm 883.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 27250 mm
Thickness of footing = 2000 mm Safe
Provide 900 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 900-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 21286.581 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 85.2 = 19.145 cm2 /m 85.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 100 c/c at inside face of wall 100 523-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 21147.41 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 85.2 19.020 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 50 c/c at outside face of wall 50
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 523 = 4010.225 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 47.7 = 6.442 cm2 /m 47.7

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 21147.41 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 854 ^ 2 = 0.427 N/mm2 900-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 55 = 6.6 cm /m2
85.4
Provide 12 mm @ 170 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 170
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 110 = 6.600 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 110 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 110

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 0 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 24.650 m
Self weight of slab = 0.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 24.65 = 0.20 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 13823.41 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 10481.49 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 13367.70 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 5316.70 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 2195.14 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(13823.41x100x6/100x0^2)/18 + (2195.139/100x0)/13 = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Area of steel = 13823.41 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x -4.4 + 2195.139 / 2 x 1500 = -240.01 cm2 /m 0-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 -4.4

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.55 x 5.466 x 2500 = 7515.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =27.25 x 2 x 2500 = 136250 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =24.45 x 5.036 x 1000 = 123130.2 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 5.036 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 24.450 =24.45 x 250 = 6112.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x7515.75+ 136250+123130.2+2x0+2x0+6112.5 = 280524.2 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 280524.2 / 1 x 27.25 + x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 10294.466 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 280524.2 / 1 x 27.25 + x 12 x 13.125 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 = 10294.466 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 280524.2 / 1 x 27.25 + x 12 x 12.225 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 = 10294.466 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 280524.2 / 1 x 27.25 - x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 10294.466 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 10294.466 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 0 = 5294.466 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 10294.466 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 0 = 5294.466 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 10294.466 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1000 = 258.466 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 10294.466 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1000 = 258.466 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =5294.466 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 661.808 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =10294.466 x 1.4 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.4 ^2/6 - 0x1.15-10572x0.45-21286.581 -5000 x 1.4 ^2/2 = -20855.404 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =10294.466 x 13.625 ^2 / 2-21286.581-5000x13.625^2/2-0x13.375-10572x12.675-12.225x5036x6.1125 = -40169.366 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.55 x 5.466 x 2500 = 7515.75 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =27.25 x 2 x 2500 = 136250 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.036 0 =24.45 x 5.036 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 5.036 x 1800 = 4532.4 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 24.450 =24.45 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x7515.75+ 136250+0+2x750+2x4532.4+0 = 161846.3 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 161846.3 / 1 x 27.25 + x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 5939.314 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 161846.3 / 1 x 27.25 + x 12 x 13.125 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 = 5939.314 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 161846.3 / 1 x 27.25 + x 12 x 12.225 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 = 5939.314 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 161846.3 / 1 x 27.25 - x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 5939.314 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5939.314 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1800-1500 = -9625.486 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 5939.314 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1800-1500 = -9625.486 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5939.314 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 0 = 939.314 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 5939.314 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 0 = 939.314 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-9625.486 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -1203.186 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =5939.314 x 1.4 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.4 ^2/6 - 5000 x 1.4 ^2/2+21147.41-5282.4x1.15-7515.75x0.45 = 12611.09 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =5939.314 x 13.625 ^2/2 - 5000 x 13.625 ^2/2+21147.41-5282.4x13.375-7515.75x12.675 = -57579.402 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 258.465999999999 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 241.72 Kg m / m
Provide 2000 mm thick footing = 2000-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(40169.366109375x100x6/100x200^2)/18 + (12680.648/100x200)/13 = 0.38351644 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 661.808 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 194.2 = 0.261 cm2 /m 194.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 40169.366109375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 194.2+12680.648/2x1500 = 20.077 cm /m2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 57579.402 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 194.2 22.720 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 661.808 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1942 ^2 = 0.003 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 194.2 0.08 = 15.536 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 120 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 120
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -20855.404 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1940 ^2 = 0.082 cm2 /m 2000-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 194 0.12 = 23.28 cm2 /m 194
Provide 20 mm @ 130 c/c top bar in the footing 130
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 241.72 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1926 ^2 = 0.001 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.08 x 192.6 0.08 = 15.408 cm2 /m 2000-50-16 - 8
Provide 16 mm @ 130 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 130 192.6
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 241.72 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 192.6 = 0.096 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 20900 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 20900

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 21286.581 x 3.35 = 71310.05 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 5036 x 3.35 = 16871 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 16870.6 / 1500 = 11.2470667 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 200
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 900 2500 =0.55 x 5.466 x 2500 = 7515.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2000 2500 =27.25 x 2 x 2500 = 136250 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 5.036 1000 =1.05 x 5.036 x 1000 1.050 = 5287.8 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 24.450 =24.45 x 250 = 3056.25 Kg / m
Total load =7515.75+ 136250+5287.8 +3056.25 = 152109.8 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(7515.75 x 1.275+136250 x 1.5+5287.8 x 2.475+ 3056.25 x 1.5 - 21286.581)/ 152109.8 = 1.394 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.394 = 0.106 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 152109.8 x 0.106 = 16123.639 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 152109.8 / 1 x 3 + 16123.639 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 61452.359 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 152109.8 / 1 x 3 + 16123.639 x 12 x 1.05 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 58227.632 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 152109.8 / 1 x 3 + 16123.639 x 12 x 1.95 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 64677.087 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 152109.8 / 1 x 3 - 16123.639 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 39954.174 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 61452.359 - 2 x 2500 = 56452.359 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 58227.632 - 2 x 2500 = 53227.632 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 64677.087 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1000 = 54641.087 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 39954.174 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1000 = 29918.174 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 10036 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =53227.632 x 1.05 ^2 / 2 + 3224.727 x 1.05 ^2 / 3 = 30526.819 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =29918.174 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =39954.174 x 1.05 ^2/2 + 24722.913 x 1.05 ^2/6 - 10036 x 1.05 ^2/2 = 21035.229 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 2000 mm thick footing = 2000-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 30526.819 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 194.2 = 12.045 cm2 /m 194.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 21035.229 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 194.2 = 8.300 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1942 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 194.2 0.12 = 23.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 160 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 160
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1940 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 2000-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 194 0.12 = 23.28 cm2 /m 194
Provide 20 mm @ 130 c/c top bar in the footing 130
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.55 x 5.466 x 2500 = 7515.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =27.25 x 2 x 2500 = 136250 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 5.036 x 1800 = 4532.4 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.25 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =7515.75+ 136250+4532.4+750+0 = 149048.15 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(7515.75 x 0.95+136250 x 13.625+750 x 0.25+4532.4 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.95 + 21147.41)/ 149048.15 = 12.654 m

Eccentricity of loading = 13.625 - 12.654 = 0.971 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 149048.15 x 0.971 = 144725.754 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 149048.15 / 1 x 27.25 + 144725.754 x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 6639.059 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 149048.15 / 1 x 27.25 + 144725.754 x 12 x 13.125 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 = 6596.146 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 149048.15 / 1 x 27.25 + 144725.754 x 12 x 12.225 / 1 x 27.25 ^3 6518.901 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 149048.15 / 1 x 27.25 - 144725.754 x 6 / 1 x 27.25 ^2 = 4300.254 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 6639.059 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1800 - 1500 = -8925.741 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6596.146 - 2 x 2500 - 5.036 x 1800 1500 = -8968.654 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6518.901 - 2 x 2500 = 1518.901 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4300.254 - 2 x 2500 = -699.746 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-699.746 / ( 2 x 2500 ) = -0.14 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-8925.741 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 814.862625 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-699.746 x -0.14 ^2 / 3 = -4.571673867 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4300.254 x 24.45 ^2/2 + 2218.647 x 24.45 ^2/6 - 5000 x 24.45 ^2/2 = 11897.166 Kg m / m
Provide 2000 mm thick footing = 2000-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 814.862625 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 195.2 = 0.320 cm /m 2
195.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 11897.166 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 195.2 = 4.670 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 4.862 m
Width of Channel W = 21.470 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 4432 = 4.432 - 2.4 a1 = 2.032 m 1.222115
Height of water inside the tank 4432 = 4.862 - 0.43 a = 4.432 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 4.862 - 0.43 = 4.432 m
Density of soil 750 21470 750 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 4.432 Full Partial = 4432 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =4.432x1800x0.333 = 2659 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =2.032x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 542 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =2.032x1000 = 2032 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 4.432 ^3 / 15= 14509.352 5803.74 6398.214 = 14509.35 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 2.25662088 2.173314 0 2846 2748.891 = 2748.89 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 4.432 ^2 *0.8/ 2 9821.312 7857 8153.04 = 9821.31 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 4.432^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1964.26 1668.27 1668.27 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 14548.509 = 14548.51 Kg m / m
=5892.7872x4.432x(3x4.432^2-15x21.548384+20x4.862^2)/60x4.862^2+1376.341672x2.032x(3x2.032^2-15x9.879584+20x4.862^2)/60x4.862^2+2216x4.432x(2-911.559029206088)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 14509.352 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 69.545 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 750 mm 736.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 23970 mm
Thickness of footing = 1500 mm Safe
Provide 750 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 750-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 14509.352 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.2 = 15.838 cm2 /m 70.2
Provide 16 mm bar @ 120 c/c at inside face of wall 120 455-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 14548.509 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 70.2 15.881 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm bar @ 120 c/c at outside face of wall 120
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 455 = 2748.891 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 40.7 = 5.176 cm2 /m 40.7

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 14548.509 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 702 ^ 2 = 0.434 N/mm2 750-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 47.5 = 5.7 cm /m
2
70.2
Provide 16 mm @ 380 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 380
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 95 = 5.700 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 190 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 190

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 0 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 21.670 m
Self weight of slab = 0.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 21.67 = 0.23 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 10683.15 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 8100.41 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 10330.96 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 4108.90 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 1668.27 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(10683.15x100x6/100x0^2)/18 + (1668.272/100x0)/13 = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Area of steel = 10683.15 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x -4.4 + 1668.272 / 2 x 1500 = -185.50 cm2 /m 0-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 -4.4

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.475 x 4.862 x 2500 = 5773.625 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =23.97 x 1.5 x 2500 = 89887.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =21.47 x 4.432 x 1000 = 95155.04 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 4.432 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 21.470 =21.47 x 250 = 5367.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x5773.625+ 89887.5+95155.04+2x0+2x0+5367.5 = 201957.29 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 201957.29 / 1 x 23.97 + x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 8425.419 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 201957.29 / 1 x 23.97 + x 12 x 11.485 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 = 8425.419 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 201957.29 / 1 x 23.97 + x 12 x 10.735 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 = 8425.419 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 201957.29 / 1 x 23.97 - x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 8425.419 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 8425.419 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 0 = 4675.419 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 8425.419 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 0 = 4675.419 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 8425.419 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1000 = 243.419 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 8425.419 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1000 = 243.419 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =4675.419 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 584.427 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =8425.419 x 1.25 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.25 ^2/6 - 0x1-8457.375x0.375-14509.352 -3750 x 1.25 ^2/2 = -14028.2 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =8425.419 x 11.985 ^2 / 2-14509.352-3750x11.985^2/2-0x11.735-8457.375x11.11-10.735x4432x5.3675 = -28054.01 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.475 x 4.862 x 2500 = 5773.625 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =23.97 x 1.5 x 2500 = 89887.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 4.432 0 =21.47 x 4.432 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 4.432 x 1800 = 3988.8 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 21.470 =21.47 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x5773.625+ 89887.5+0+2x750+2x3988.8+0 = 110912.35 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 110912.35 / 1 x 23.97 + x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 4627.132 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 110912.35 / 1 x 23.97 + x 12 x 11.485 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 = 4627.132 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 110912.35 / 1 x 23.97 + x 12 x 10.735 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 = 4627.132 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 110912.35 / 1 x 23.97 - x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 4627.132 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4627.132 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1800-1500 = -8600.468 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4627.132 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1800-1500 = -8600.468 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4627.132 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 0 = 877.132 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4627.132 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 0 = 877.132 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-8600.468 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -1075.059 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =4627.132 x 1.25 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.25 ^2/6 - 3750 x 1.25 ^2/2+14548.509-4738.8x1-5773.625x = 8329.859 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =4627.132 x 11.985 ^2/2 - 3750 x 11.985 ^2/2+14548.509-4738.8x11.735-5773.625x11.11 = -42210.56 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 243.419 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 227.647 Kg m / m
Provide 1500 mm thick footing = 1500-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(28054.0082853625x100x6/100x150^2)/18 + (9821.312/100x150)/13 = 0.4659806 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 584.427 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 144.2 = 0.311 cm2 /m 144.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 28054.0082853625 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 144.2+9821.312/2x1500 = 18.182 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 42210.564 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 144.2 22.431 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 584.427 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1442 ^2 = 0.004 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 144.2 0.08 = 11.536 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 170 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 170
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -14028.197 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1440 ^2 = 0.1 cm2 /m 1500-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 144 0.12 = 17.28 cm2 /m 144
Provide 20 mm @ 140 c/c top bar in the footing 140
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 227.647 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1426 ^2 = 0.002 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.08 x 142.6 0.08 = 11.408 cm2 /m 1500-50-16 - 8
Provide 16 mm @ 170 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 170 142.6
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 227.647 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 142.6 = 0.122 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 16430 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 16430

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 14509.352 x 3.35 = 48606.33 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 4432 x 3.35 = 14847 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 14847.2 / 1500 = 9.8981333 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 220 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 220
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 750 2500 =0.475 x 4.862 x 2500 = 5773.625 Kg / m
Weight of footing 1500 2500 =23.97 x 1.5 x 2500 = 89887.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 4.432 1000 =1.125 x 4.432 x 1000 1.125 = 4986 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 21.470 =21.47 x 250 = 2683.75 Kg / m
Total load =5773.625+ 89887.5+4986 +2683.75 = 103330.88 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(5773.625 x 1.3125+89887.5 x 1.5+4986 x 2.4375+ 2683.75 x 1.5 - 14509.352)/ 103330.875 = 1.405 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.405 = 0.095 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 103330.875 x 0.095 = 9816.433 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 103330.875 / 1 x 3 + 9816.433 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 40987.914 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 103330.875 / 1 x 3 + 9816.433 x 12 x 1.125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 39351.842 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 103330.875 / 1 x 3 + 9816.433 x 12 x 1.875 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 42623.986 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 103330.875 / 1 x 3 - 9816.433 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 27899.336 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 40987.914 - 1.5 x 2500 = 37237.914 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 39351.842 - 1.5 x 2500 = 35601.842 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 42623.986 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1000 = 34441.986 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 27899.336 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1000 = 19717.336 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 8182 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =35601.842 x 1.125 ^2 / 2 + 1636.072 x 1.125 ^2 / 3 = 23219.509 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =19717.336 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =27899.336 x 1.125 ^2/2 + 14724.65 x 1.125 ^2/6 - 8182 x 1.125 ^2/2 = 15583.358 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 1500 mm thick footing = 1500-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 23219.509 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 144.2 = 12.339 cm2 /m 144.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 15583.358 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 144.2 = 8.281 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1442 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 144.2 0.12 = 17.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 160 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 160
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1440 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 1500-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 144 0.12 = 17.28 cm2 /m 144
Provide 20 mm @ 180 c/c top bar in the footing 180
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.475 x 4.862 x 2500 = 5773.625Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =23.97 x 1.5 x 2500 = 89887.5Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 4.432 x 1800 = 3988.8Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.25 x = 0Kg / m
Total load =5773.625+ 89887.5+3988.8+750+0 = 100399.925 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(5773.625 x 0.875+89887.5 x 11.985+750 x 0.25+3988.8 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.875 + 14548.509)/ 100399.925 = 10.937 m

Eccentricity of loading = 11.985 - 10.937 = 1.048 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 100399.925 x 1.048 = 105219.121 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 100399.925 / 1 x 23.97 + 105219.121 x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 5287.344 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 100399.925 / 1 x 23.97 + 105219.121 x 12 x 11.485 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 = 5241.504 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 100399.925 / 1 x 23.97 + 105219.121 x 12 x 10.735 / 1 x 23.97 ^3 5172.744 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 100399.925 / 1 x 23.97 - 105219.121 x 6 / 1 x 23.97 ^2 = 3089.788 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5287.344 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1800 - 1500 = -7940.256 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 5241.504 - 1.5 x 2500 - 4.432 x 1800 1500 = -7986.096 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5172.744 - 1.5 x 2500 = 1422.744 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3089.788 - 1.5 x 2500 = -660.212 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-660.212 / ( 1.5 x 2500 ) = -0.176 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-7940.256 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 646.593 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-660.212 x -0.176 ^2 / 3 = -6.81690897 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =3089.788 x 21.47 ^2/2 + 2082.956 x 21.47 ^2/6 - 3750 x 21.47 ^2/2 = 7860.92 Kg m / m
Provide 1500 mm thick footing = 1500-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 646.593 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 145.2 = 0.341 cm /m 2
145.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 7860.92 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 145.2 = 4.149 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 4.260 m
Width of Channel W = 18.493 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 3830 = 3.83 - 2.4 a1 = 1.430 m 1.281627
Height of water inside the tank 3830 = 4.26 - 0.43 a = 3.830 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 4.26 - 0.43 = 3.830 m
Density of soil 625 18493 625 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.83 Full Partial = 3830 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.83x1800x0.333 = 2298 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =1.43x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 381 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =1.43x1000 = 1430 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.83 ^3 / 15= 9363.648 3745.46 4185.09 = 9363.65 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.98924588 1.90422 0 1862.19 1786.356 = 1786.36 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.83 ^2 *0.8/ 2 7334.45 5867.56 6118.826 = 7334.45 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.83^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1466.89 1215.62 1215.62 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 9610.325 = 9610.33 Kg m / m
=4400.67x3.83x(3x3.83^2-15x16.3158+20x4.26^2)/60x4.26^2+681.633095x1.43x(3x1.43^2-15x6.0918+20x4.26^2)/60x4.26^2+1915x3.83x(2-899.06103286385)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 16 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 9363.648 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 55.868 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 625 mm 599.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 20743 mm
Thickness of footing = 1100 mm Safe
Provide 625 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 625-40-8
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 9363.648 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 57.7 = 12.435 cm2 /m 57.7
Provide 16 mm bar @ 160 c/c at inside face of wall 160 398-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 9610.325 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 57.7 12.763 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 80 c/c at outside face of wall 80
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 398 = 1786.356 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.2 = 3.889 cm2 /m 35.2

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 9610.325 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 579 ^ 2 = 0.422 N/mm2 625-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 41.25 = 4.95 cm /m2
57.9
Provide 12 mm @ 290 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 290
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 82.5 = 4.950 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 150 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 150

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 0 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 18.693 m
Self weight of slab = 0.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 18.693 = 0.27 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 7949.49 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 6027.64 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 7687.42 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 3057.50 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 1215.62 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(7949.49x100x6/100x0^2)/18 + (1215.624/100x0)/13 = #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Area of steel = 7949.49 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x -4.4 + 1215.624 / 2 x 1500 = -138.04 cm2 /m 0-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 -4.4

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.26 x 2500 = 4393.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =20.743 x 1.1 x 2500 = 57043.25 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =18.493 x 3.83 x 1000 = 70828.19 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 3.83 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 18.493 =18.493 x 250 = 4623.25 Kg / m
Total load =2x4393.125+ 57043.25+70828.19+2x0+2x0+4623. = 141280.94 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 141280.94 / 1 x 20.743 + x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 6811.018 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 141280.94 / 1 x 20.743 + x 12 x 9.8715 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 = 6811.018 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 141280.94 / 1 x 20.743 + x 12 x 9.2465 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 = 6811.018 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 141280.94 / 1 x 20.743 - x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 6811.018 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 6811.018 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 0 = 4061.018 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6811.018 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 0 = 4061.018 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6811.018 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1000 = 231.018 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 6811.018 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1000 = 231.018 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =4061.018 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 507.627 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =6811.018 x 1.125 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.125 ^2/6 - 0x0.875-6704.75x0.3125-9363.648 -2750 x 1.125 ^2/2 = -8889.019 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =6811.018 x 10.3715 ^2 / 2-9363.648-2750x10.3715^2/2-0x10.1215-6704.75x9.559-9.2465x3830x4.62325 = -18764.75 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.26 x 2500 = 4393.125 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =20.743 x 1.1 x 2500 = 57043.25 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.830 0 =18.493 x 3.83 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.83 x 1800 = 3447 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 18.493 =18.493 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x4393.125+ 57043.25+0+2x750+2x3447+0 = 74223.5 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 74223.5 / 1 x 20.743 + x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 3578.243 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 74223.5 / 1 x 20.743 + x 12 x 9.8715 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 = 3578.243 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 74223.5 / 1 x 20.743 + x 12 x 9.2465 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 = 3578.243 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 74223.5 / 1 x 20.743 - x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 3578.243 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3578.243 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1800-1500 = -7565.757 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3578.243 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1800-1500 = -7565.757 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3578.243 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 0 = 828.243 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3578.243 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 0 = 828.243 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-7565.757 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -945.72 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3578.243 x 1.125 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.125 ^2/6 - 2750 x 1.125 ^2/2+9610.325-4197x0.875-4393 = 5089.221 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3578.243 x 10.3715 ^2/2 - 2750 x 10.3715 ^2/2+9610.325-4197x10.1215-4393.125x9.55 = -30317.27 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 231.018 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 216.05 Kg m / m
Provide 1100 mm thick footing = 1100-50-6
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(18764.7509730147x100x6/100x110^2)/18 + (7334.45/100x110)/13 = 0.5682251 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 507.627 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 104.4 = 0.373 cm2 /m 104.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 18764.7509730147 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 104.4+7334.45/2x1500 = 16.218 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 30317.266 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 104.4 22.253 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 507.627 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1044 ^2 = 0.007 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 104.4 0.08 = 8.352 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 130 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 130
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -8889.019 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1040 ^2 = 0.121 cm2 /m 1100-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 104 0.12 = 12.48 cm2 /m 104
Provide 20 mm @ 140 c/c top bar in the footing 140
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 216.05 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1032 ^2 = 0.003 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.08 x 103.2 0.08 = 8.256 cm2 /m 1100-50-12 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 130 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 130 103.2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 216.05 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 103.2 = 0.160 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 7040 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 7040

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 9363.648 x 3.35 = 31368.22 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3830 x 3.35 = 12831 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 12830.5 / 1500 = 8.5536667 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 260 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 260
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 625 2500 =0.4125 x 4.26 x 2500 = 4393.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 1100 2500 =20.743 x 1.1 x 2500 = 57043.25 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.830 1000 =1.1875 x 3.83 x 1000 1.188 = 4548.125 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 0 250 18.493 =18.493 x 250 = 2311.625 Kg / m
Total load =4393.125+ 57043.25+4548.125 +2311.625 = 68296.125 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(4393.125 x 1.34375+57043.25 x 1.5+4548.125 x 2.40625+ 2311.625 x 1.5 - 9363.648)/ 68296.125 = 1.423 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.423 = 0.077 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 68296.125 x 0.077 = 5258.802 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 68296.125 / 1 x 3 + 5258.802 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 26271.243 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 68296.125 / 1 x 3 + 5258.802 x 12 x 1.1875 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 25540.854 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 68296.125 / 1 x 3 + 5258.802 x 12 x 1.8125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 27001.632 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 68296.125 / 1 x 3 - 5258.802 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 19259.507 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 26271.243 - 1.1 x 2500 = 23521.243 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 25540.854 - 1.1 x 2500 = 22790.854 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 27001.632 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1000 = 20421.632 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 19259.507 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1000 = 12679.507 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 6580 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =22790.854 x 1.1875 ^2 / 2 + 730.388999999999 x 1.1875 ^2 / 3 = 16412.653 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =12679.507 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =19259.507 x 1.1875 ^2/2 + 7742.125 x 1.1875 ^2/6 - 6580 x 1.1875 ^2/2 = 10759.644 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 1100 mm thick footing = 1100-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 16412.653 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 104.4 = 12.047 cm2 /m 104.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 10759.644 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 104.4 = 7.897 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1044 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 104.4 0.12 = 12.528 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 90 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 90
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 1040 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 1100-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 104 0.12 = 12.48 cm2 /m 104
Provide 20 mm @ 250 c/c top bar in the footing 250
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.26 x 2500 = 4393.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =20.743 x 1.1 x 2500 = 57043.25 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.83 x 1800 = 3447 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.25 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =4393.125+ 57043.25+3447+750+0 = 65633.375 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(4393.125 x 0.8125+57043.25 x 10.3715+750 x 0.25+3447 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.8125 + 9610.325)/ 65633.375 = 9.231 m

Eccentricity of loading = 10.3715 - 9.231 = 1.1405 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 65633.375 x 1.1405 = 74854.864 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 65633.375 / 1 x 20.743 + 74854.864 x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 4207.948 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 65633.375 / 1 x 20.743 + 74854.864 x 12 x 9.8715 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 = 4157.626 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 65633.375 / 1 x 20.743 + 74854.864 x 12 x 9.2465 / 1 x 20.743 ^3 4094.724 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 65633.375 / 1 x 20.743 - 74854.864 x 6 / 1 x 20.743 ^2 = 2120.296 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4207.948 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1800 - 1500 = -6936.052 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4157.626 - 1.1 x 2500 - 3.83 x 1800 1500 = -6986.374 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4094.724 - 1.1 x 2500 = 1344.724 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 2120.296 - 1.1 x 2500 = -629.704 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-629.704 / ( 1.1 x 2500 ) = -0.229 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6936.052 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 511.8405 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-629.704 x -0.229 ^2 / 3 = -11.0074358 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =2120.296 x 18.493 ^2/2 + 1974.428 x 18.493 ^2/6 - 2750 x 18.493 ^2/2 = 4862.885 Kg m / m
Provide 1100 mm thick footing = 1100-40-8
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 511.8405 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 105.2 = 0.373 cm /m 2
105.2
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 4862.885 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 105.2 = 3.542 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 4.210 m
Width of Channel W = 11.400 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 3780 = 3.78 - 2.4 a1 = 1.380 m 1.314258
Height of water inside the tank 3780 = 4.21 - 0.43 a = 3.780 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 4.21 - 0.43 = 3.780 m
Density of soil 625 11400 625 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 600 600 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.78 Full Partial = 3780 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.78x1800x0.333 = 2268 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =1.38x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 368 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =1.38x1000 = 1380 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.78 ^3 / 15= 9001.692 3600.68 4028.499 = 9001.69 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.96706285 1.88187 0 1792.59 1718.42 = 1718.42 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.78 ^2 *0.8/ 2 7144.2 5715.36 5962.919 = 7144.20 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.78^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1428.84 1181.28 1181.28 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 9265.123 = 9265.12 Kg m / m
=4286.52x3.78x(3x3.78^2-15x15.9138+20x4.21^2)/60x4.21^2+634.8x1.38x(3x1.38^2-15x5.8098+20x4.21^2)/60x4.21^2+1890x3.78x(2-897.862232779097)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 9001.692 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 54.777 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 625 mm 588.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 13850 mm
Thickness of footing = 900 mm Safe
Provide 625 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 625-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 9001.692 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 57.9 = 11.913 cm2 /m 57.9
Provide 12 mm bar @ 90 c/c at inside face of wall 90 399-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 9265.123 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 57.9 12.262 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 90 c/c at outside face of wall 90
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 399 = 1718.42 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.3 = 3.730 cm2 /m 35.3

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 9265.123 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 579 ^ 2 = 0.407 N/mm2 625-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 41.25 = 4.95 cm /m2
57.9
Provide 12 mm @ 300 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 300
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 82.5 = 4.950 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 150 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 150

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 11.600 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 11.6 = 0.43 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 7653.10 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 5802.90 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 7400.80 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 2943.50 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 1181.28 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(7653.1x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (1181.281/100x15)/13 = 11.398504 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 7653.1 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 1181.281 / 2 x 1500 = 55.72 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.21 x 2500 = 4341.5625 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =13.85 x 0.9 x 2500 = 31162.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =11.4 x 3.78 x 1000 = 43092 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.6 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.6 x 3.78 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 11.400 =11.4 x 625 = 7125 Kg / m
Total load =2x4341.5625+ 31162.5+43092+2x0+2x0+7125 = 90062.625 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 90062.625 / 1 x 13.85 + x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 6502.717 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 90062.625 / 1 x 13.85 + x 12 x 6.325 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 = 6502.717 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 90062.625 / 1 x 13.85 + x 12 x 5.7 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 = 6502.717 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 90062.625 / 1 x 13.85 - x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 6502.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 6502.717 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 0 = 4252.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6502.717 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 0 = 4252.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6502.717 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1000 = 472.717 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 6502.717 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1000 = 472.717 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =4252.717 x 0.6 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.6 ^2 / 3 = 765.489 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =6502.717 x 1.225 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.225 ^2/6 - 0x0.925-7904.0625x0.3125-9001.692 -2250 x 1.225 ^2/2 = -8280.845 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =6502.717 x 6.925 ^2 / 2-9001.692-2250x6.925^2/2-0x6.625-7904.0625x6.0125-5.7x3780x2.85 = -15960.12 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.21 x 2500 = 4341.5625 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =13.85 x 0.9 x 2500 = 31162.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.780 0 =11.4 x 3.78 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.6 x 1500 = 900 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.6 x 3.78 x 1800 = 4082.4 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 11.400 =11.4 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x4341.5625+ 31162.5+0+2x900+2x4082.4+0 = 49810.425 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 49810.425 / 1 x 13.85 + x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 3596.421 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 49810.425 / 1 x 13.85 + x 12 x 6.325 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 = 3596.421 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 49810.425 / 1 x 13.85 + x 12 x 5.7 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 = 3596.421 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 49810.425 / 1 x 13.85 - x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 3596.421 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3596.421 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1800-1500 = -6957.579 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3596.421 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1800-1500 = -6957.579 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3596.421 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 0 = 1346.421 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3596.421 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 0 = 1346.421 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6957.579 x 0.6 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.6 ^2 / 3 = -1252.364 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3596.421 x 1.225 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.225 ^2/6 - 2250 x 1.225 ^2/2+9265.123-4982.4x0.925-434 = 4309.901 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3596.421 x 6.925 ^2/2 - 2250 x 6.925 ^2/2+9265.123-4982.4x6.625-4341.5625x6.0125 = -17562.69 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 472.717 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 442.089 Kg m / m
Provide 900 mm thick footing = 900-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(15960.1169396875x100x6/100x90^2)/18 + (7144.2/100x90)/13 = 0.7178565 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 765.489 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 84.2 = 0.697 cm2 /m 84.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 15960.1169396875 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 84.2+7144.2/2x1500 = 16.906 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 17562.691 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 84.2 15.983 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 765.489 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 842 ^2 = 0.016 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 84.2 0.12 = 10.104 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 190 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 190
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -8280.845 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 842 ^2 = 0.172 cm2 /m 900-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 84.2 0.12 = 10.104 cm2 /m 84.2
Provide 16 mm @ 110 c/c top bar in the footing 110
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 442.089 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 828 ^2 = 0.009 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 82.8 0.12 = 9.936 cm2 /m 900-50-16 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 110 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 110 82.8
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 442.089 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 82.8 = 0.409 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 2760 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 2760

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 9001.692 x 3.35 = 30155.67 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3780 x 3.35 = 12663 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 12663 / 1500 = 8.442 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 260 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 260
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 625 2500 =0.4125 x 4.21 x 2500 = 4341.5625 Kg / m
Weight of footing 900 2500 =13.85 x 0.9 x 2500 = 31162.5 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.780 1000 =1.1875 x 3.78 x 1000 1.188 = 4488.75 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 11.400 =11.4 x 625 = 3562.5 Kg / m
Total load =4341.5625+ 31162.5+4488.75 +3562.5 = 43555.313 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(4341.5625 x 1.34375+31162.5 x 1.5+4488.75 x 2.40625+ 3562.5 x 1.5 - 9001.692)/ 43555.3125 = 1.387 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.387 = 0.113 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 43555.3125 x 0.113 = 4921.75 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 43555.3125 / 1 x 3 + 4921.75 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 17799.604 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 43555.3125 / 1 x 3 + 4921.75 x 12 x 1.1875 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 17116.028 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 43555.3125 / 1 x 3 + 4921.75 x 12 x 1.8125 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 18483.181 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 43555.3125 / 1 x 3 - 4921.75 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 11237.271 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 17799.604 - 0.9 x 2500 = 15549.604 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 17116.028 - 0.9 x 2500 = 14866.028 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 18483.181 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1000 = 12453.181 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 11237.271 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1000 = 5207.271 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 6030 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =14866.028 x 1.1875 ^2 / 2 + 683.576000000001 x 1.1875 ^2 / 3 = 10803.027 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =5207.271 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =11237.271 x 1.1875 ^2/2 + 7245.91 x 1.1875 ^2/6 - 6030 x 1.1875 ^2/2 = 5374.51 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 900 mm thick footing = 900-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 10803.027 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 84.2 = 9.832 cm2 /m 84.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 5374.51 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 84.2 = 4.891 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 842 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 84.2 0.12 = 10.104 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 200 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 200
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 842 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 900-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 84.2 0.12 = 10.104 cm2 /m 84.2
Provide 16 mm @ 190 c/c top bar in the footing 190
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.4125 x 4.21 x 2500 = 4341.5625 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =13.85 x 0.9 x 2500 = 31162.5 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.6 x 3.78 x 1800 = 4082.4 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.6 x 1500 = 900 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =4341.5625+ 31162.5+4082.4+900+0 = 40486.4625 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(4341.5625 x 0.9125+31162.5 x 6.925+900 x 0.3+4082.4 x 0.3 + 0 x 0.9125 + 9265.123)/ 40486.4625 = 5.694 m

Eccentricity of loading = 6.925 - 5.694 = 1.231 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 40486.4625 x 1.231 = 49838.835 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 40486.4625 / 1 x 13.85 + 49838.835 x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 4482.115 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 40486.4625 / 1 x 13.85 + 49838.835 x 12 x 6.325 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 = 4347.047 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 40486.4625 / 1 x 13.85 + 49838.835 x 12 x 5.7 / 1 x 13.85 ^3 4206.352 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 40486.4625 / 1 x 13.85 - 49838.835 x 6 / 1 x 13.85 ^2 = 1364.306 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4482.115 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1800 - 1500 = -6071.885 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4347.047 - 0.9 x 2500 - 3.78 x 1800 1500 = -6206.953 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4206.352 - 0.9 x 2500 = 1956.352 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 1364.306 - 0.9 x 2500 = -885.694 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-885.694 / ( 0.9 x 2500 ) = -0.394 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6071.885 x 0.6 ^2 / 2 = 757.14336 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-885.694 x -0.394 ^2 / 3 = -45.8305313 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =1364.306 x 11.4 ^2/2 + 2842.046 x 11.4 ^2/6 - 2250 x 11.4 ^2/2 = 4006.32 Kg m / m
Provide 900 mm thick footing = 900-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 757.14336 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 85.4 = 0.679 cm /m 2
85.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 4006.32 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 85.4 = 3.595 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 3.655 m
Width of Channel W = 15.515 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 3225 = 3.225 - 2.4 a1 = 0.825 m 1.570304
Height of water inside the tank 3225 = 3.655 - 0.43 a = 3.225 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 3.655 - 0.43 = 3.225 m
Density of soil 500 15515 500 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.225 Full Partial = 3225 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.225x1800x0.333 = 1935 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 220 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x1000 = 825 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.225 ^3 / 15= 5590.336 2236.13 2543.7 = 5590.34 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.72116462 1.633785 0 1132.83 1075.931 = 1075.93 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.225 ^2 *0.8/ 2 5200.313 4160.25 4366.76 = 5200.31 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.225^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1040.06 833.55 833.55 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 6016.748 = 6016.75 Kg m / m
=3120.1875x3.225x(3x3.225^2-15x11.787375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+226.875x0.825x(3x0.825^2-15x3.015375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+1612.5x3.225x(2-882.352941176471)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 20 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 5590.336 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 43.168 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 500 mm 472.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 17515 mm
Thickness of footing = 950 mm Safe
Provide 500 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 500-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 5590.336 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 = 9.436 cm2 /m 45.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 110 c/c at inside face of wall 110 341-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 6016.748 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 10.155 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 110 c/c at outside face of wall 110
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 341 = 1075.931 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 2.795 cm2 /m 29.5

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 6016.748 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 454 ^ 2 = 0.430 N/mm2 500-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 35 = 4.2 cm /m
2
45.4
Provide 12 mm @ 400 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 400
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 70 = 4.200 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 180 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 180

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 15.715 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 15.715 = 0.32 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 14045.92 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 10650.20 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 13582.87 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 5402.28 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 833.55 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(14045.92x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (833.553/100x15)/13 = 20.851517 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 14045.92 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 833.553 / 2 x 1500 = 101.82 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 0 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 0 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =17.515 x 0.95 x 2500 = 41598.125 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =15.515 x 3.225 x 1000 = 50035.875 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 15.515 =15.515 x 625 = 9696.875 Kg / m
Total load =2x3198.125+ 41598.125+50035.875+2x0+2x0+969 = 107727.13 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 107727.125 / 1 x 17.515 + x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 6150.564 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 107727.125 / 1 x 17.515 + x 12 x 8.2575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 = 6150.564 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 107727.125 / 1 x 17.515 + x 12 x 7.7575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 = 6150.564 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 107727.125 / 1 x 17.515 - x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 6150.564 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 6150.564 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 3775.564 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 6150.564 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 3775.564 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 6150.564 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 550.564 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 6150.564 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 550.564 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =3775.564 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 471.946 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =6150.564 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 0x0.75-8046.5625x0.25-5590.336 -2375 x 1 ^2/2 = -5714.195 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =6150.564 x 8.7575 ^2 / 2-5590.336-2375x8.7575^2/2-0x8.5075-8046.5625x8.0075-7.7575x3225x3.87875 = -22280.32 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =17.515 x 0.95 x 2500 = 41598.125 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 0 =15.515 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.225 x 1800 = 2902.5 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 15.515 =15.515 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x3198.125+ 41598.125+0+2x750+2x2902.5+0 = 55299.375 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 55299.375 / 1 x 17.515 + x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 3157.258 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 55299.375 / 1 x 17.515 + x 12 x 8.2575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 = 3157.258 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 55299.375 / 1 x 17.515 + x 12 x 7.7575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 = 3157.258 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 55299.375 / 1 x 17.515 - x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 3157.258 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3157.258 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -6522.742 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3157.258 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -6522.742 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3157.258 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 782.258 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3157.258 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 782.258 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-6522.742 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -815.343 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3157.258 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 2375 x 1 ^2/2+6016.748-3652.5x0.75-3198.125x0.25 = 2868.971 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3157.258 x 8.7575 ^2/2 - 2375 x 8.7575 ^2/2+6016.748-3652.5x8.5075-3198.125x8.0075 = -20668.71 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 550.564000000001 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 514.892 Kg m / m
Provide 950 mm thick footing = 950-50-6
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(22280.3233466375x100x6/100x95^2)/18 + (5200.313/100x95)/13 = 0.8650191 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 471.946 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 89.4 = 0.405 cm2 /m 89.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 22280.3233466375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 89.4+5200.313/2x1500 = 20.831 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 20668.71 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 89.4 17.716 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 471.946 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 894 ^2 = 0.009 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.08 x 89.4 0.08 = 7.152 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 150 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -5714.195 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 890 ^2 = 0.106 cm2 /m 950-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 89 0.12 = 10.68 cm2 /m 89
Provide 20 mm @ 150 c/c top bar in the footing 150
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 514.892 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 882 ^2 = 0.01 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 88.2 0.12 = 10.584 cm2 /m 950-50-12 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 100 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 100 88.2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 514.892 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 88.2 = 0.447 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 2520 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 2520

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 5590.336 x 3.35 = 18727.63 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3225 x 3.35 = 10804 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 10803.75 / 1500 = 7.2025 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 310 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 310
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 500 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 950 2500 =17.515 x 0.95 x 2500 = 41598.125 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 1000 =1.25 x 3.225 x 1000 1.250 = 4031.25 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 15.515 =15.515 x 625 = 4848.4375 Kg / m
Total load =3198.125+ 41598.125+4031.25 +4848.4375 = 53675.938 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(3198.125 x 1.375+41598.125 x 1.5+4031.25 x 2.375+ 4848.4375 x 1.5 - 5590.336)/ 53675.9375 = 1.462 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.462 = 0.038 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 53675.9375 x 0.038 = 2039.686 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 53675.9375 / 1 x 3 + 2039.686 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 19251.77 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 53675.9375 / 1 x 3 + 2039.686 x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 19025.138 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 53675.9375 / 1 x 3 + 2039.686 x 12 x 1.75 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 19478.402 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 53675.9375 / 1 x 3 - 2039.686 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 16532.189 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 19251.77 - 0.95 x 2500 = 16876.77 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 19025.138 - 0.95 x 2500 = 16650.138 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 19478.402 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 13878.402 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 16532.189 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 10932.189 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 5600 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =16650.138 x 1.25 ^2 / 2 + 226.632000000001 x 1.25 ^2 / 3 = 13125.958 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =10932.189 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =16532.189 x 1.25 ^2/2 + 2946.213 x 1.25 ^2/6 - 5600 x 1.25 ^2/2 = 9308.016 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 950 mm thick footing = 950-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 13125.958 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 89.4 = 11.251 cm2 /m 89.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 9308.016 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 89.4 = 7.978 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 894 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 89.4 0.12 = 10.728 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 100 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 100
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 890 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 950-50-10
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 89 0.12 = 10.68 cm2 /m 89
Provide 20 mm @ 290 c/c top bar in the footing 290
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =17.515 x 0.95 x 2500 = 41598.125 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.225 x 1800 = 2902.5 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =3198.125+ 41598.125+2902.5+750+0 = 48448.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(3198.125 x 0.75+41598.125 x 8.7575+750 x 0.25+2902.5 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.75 + 6016.748)/ 48448.75 = 7.712 m

Eccentricity of loading = 8.7575 - 7.712 = 1.0455 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 48448.75 x 1.0455 = 50653.168 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 48448.75 / 1 x 17.515 + 50653.168 x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 3756.819 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 48448.75 / 1 x 17.515 + 50653.168 x 12 x 8.2575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 = 3700.256 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 48448.75 / 1 x 17.515 + 50653.168 x 12 x 7.7575 / 1 x 17.515 ^3 3643.694 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 48448.75 / 1 x 17.515 - 50653.168 x 6 / 1 x 17.515 ^2 = 1775.439 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3756.819 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 - 1500 = -5923.181 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3700.256 - 0.95 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 1500 = -5979.744 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3643.694 - 0.95 x 2500 = 1268.694 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 1775.439 - 0.95 x 2500 = -599.561 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-599.561 / ( 0.95 x 2500 ) = -0.252 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-5923.181 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 455.46175 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-599.561 x -0.252 ^2 / 3 = -12.6915072 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =1775.439 x 15.515 ^2/2 + 1868.255 x 15.515 ^2/6 - 2375 x 15.515 ^2/2 = 2791.173 Kg m / m
Provide 950 mm thick footing = 950-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 455.46175 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 90.4 = 0.386 cm /m 2
90.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 2791.173 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 90.4 = 2.366 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 3.655 m
Width of Channel W = 6.500 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 3225 = 3.225 - 2.4 a1 = 0.825 m 1.648813
Height of water inside the tank 3225 = 3.655 - 0.43 a = 3.225 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 3.655 - 0.43 = 3.225 m
Density of soil 500 6500 500 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 500 500 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.225 Full Partial = 3225 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.225x1800x0.333 = 1935 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 220 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x1000 = 825 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.225 ^3 / 15= 5590.336 2236.13 2543.7 = 5590.34 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.72116462 1.633785 0 1132.83 1075.931 = 1075.93 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.225 ^2 *0.8/ 2 5200.313 4160.25 4366.76 = 5200.31 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.225^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1040.06 833.55 833.55 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 6016.748 = 6016.75 Kg m / m
=3120.1875x3.225x(3x3.225^2-15x11.787375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+226.875x0.825x(3x0.825^2-15x3.015375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+1612.5x3.225x(2-882.352941176471)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 5590.336 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 43.168 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 500 mm 472.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 8500 mm
Thickness of footing = 600 mm Safe
Provide 500 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 500-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 5590.336 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 = 9.436 cm2 /m 45.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 110 c/c at inside face of wall 110 341-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 6016.748 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 10.155 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 110 c/c at outside face of wall 110
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 341 = 1075.931 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 29.5 = 2.795 cm2 /m 29.5

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 6016.748 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 454 ^ 2 = 0.430 N/mm2 500-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 35 = 4.2 cm /m
2
45.4
Provide 12 mm @ 400 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 400
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 70 = 4.200 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 180 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 180

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 6.700 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 6.7 = 0.75 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 2553.12 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 1935.88 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 2468.95 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 981.97 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 833.55 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(2553.12x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (833.553/100x15)/13 = 3.8251463 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 2553.12 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 833.553 / 2 x 1500 = 18.73 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 20 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 20 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =8.5 x 0.6 x 2500 = 12750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =6.5 x 3.225 x 1000 = 20962.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.5 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 6.500 =6.5 x 625 = 4062.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x3198.125+ 12750+20962.5+2x0+2x0+4062.5 = 44171.25 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 44171.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 5196.618 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 44171.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 12 x 3.75 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 = 5196.618 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 44171.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 = 5196.618 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 44171.25 / 1 x 8.5 - x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 5196.618 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5196.618 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 3696.618 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 5196.618 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 3696.618 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5196.618 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 471.618 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 5196.618 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 471.618 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =3696.618 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = 462.077 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =5196.618 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 0x0.75-5229.375x0.25-5590.336 -1500 x 1 ^2/2 = -5049.371 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =5196.618 x 4.25 ^2 / 2-5590.336-1500x4.25^2/2-0x4-5229.375x3.5-3.25x3225x1.625 = -7540.098 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =8.5 x 0.6 x 2500 = 12750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 0 =6.5 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.225 x 1800 = 2902.5 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 0 0 0 6.500 =6.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2x3198.125+ 12750+0+2x750+2x2902.5+0 = 26451.25 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 26451.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 3111.912 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 26451.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 12 x 3.75 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 = 3111.912 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 26451.25 / 1 x 8.5 + x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 = 3111.912 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 26451.25 / 1 x 8.5 - x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 3111.912 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3111.912 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -5693.088 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3111.912 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -5693.088 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3111.912 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 1611.912 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3111.912 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 1611.912 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-5693.088 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.5 ^2 / 3 = -711.636 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3111.912 x 1 ^2/2 + 0 x 1 ^2/6 - 1500 x 1 ^2/2+6016.748-3652.5x0.75-3198.125x0.25 = 3283.798 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3111.912 x 4.25 ^2/2 - 1500 x 4.25 ^2/2+6016.748-3652.5x4-3198.125x3.5 = -5229.109 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 471.618000000001 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 441.061 Kg m / m
Provide 600 mm thick footing = 600-50-6
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(7540.09843749999x100x6/100x60^2)/18 + (5200.313/100x60)/13 = 0.7648279 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 462.077 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.4 = 0.651 cm2 /m 54.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 7540.09843749999 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.4+5200.313/2x1500 = 12.354 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 5229.109 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.4 7.366 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 462.077 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 544 ^2 = 0.023 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 54.4 0.12 = 6.528 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 170 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 170
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -5049.371 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 542 ^2 = 0.253 cm2 /m 600-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 54.2 0.12 = 6.504 cm2 /m 54.2
Provide 16 mm @ 160 c/c top bar in the footing 160
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 441.061 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 532 ^2 = 0.023 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 53.2 0.12 = 6.384 cm2 /m 600-50-12 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 170 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 170 53.2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 441.061 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 53.2 = 0.635 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 1780 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 1780

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 5590.336 x 3.35 = 18727.63 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3225 x 3.35 = 10804 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 10803.75 / 1500 = 7.2025 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 310 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 310
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 500 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 600 2500 =8.5 x 0.6 x 2500 = 12750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 1000 =1.25 x 3.225 x 1000 1.250 = 4031.25 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 6.500 =6.5 x 625 = 2031.25 Kg / m
Total load =3198.125+ 12750+4031.25 +2031.25 = 22010.625 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(3198.125 x 1.375+12750 x 1.5+4031.25 x 2.375+ 2031.25 x 1.5 - 5590.336)/ 22010.625 = 1.406 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.406 = 0.094 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 22010.625 x 0.094 = 2068.999 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 22010.625 / 1 x 3 + 2068.999 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 8716.208 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 22010.625 / 1 x 3 + 2068.999 x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 8486.319 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 22010.625 / 1 x 3 + 2068.999 x 12 x 1.75 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 8946.096 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 22010.625 / 1 x 3 - 2068.999 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 5957.542 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 8716.208 - 0.6 x 2500 = 7216.208 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 8486.319 - 0.6 x 2500 = 6986.319 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 8946.096 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 4221.096 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 5957.542 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 1232.542 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 4725 = 0 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =6986.319 x 1.25 ^2 / 2 + 229.889000000001 x 1.25 ^2 / 3 = 5577.796 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =1232.542 x 0 ^2 / 3 = 0 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =5957.542 x 1.25 ^2/2 + 2988.554 x 1.25 ^2/6 - 4725 x 1.25 ^2/2 = 1741.193 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 600 mm thick footing = 600-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 5577.796 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.4 = 7.857 cm2 /m 54.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 1741.193 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 54.4 = 2.453 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 544 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 54.4 0.12 = 6.528 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 140 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 140
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 542 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 600-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 54.2 0.12 = 6.504 cm2 /m 54.2
Provide 16 mm @ 300 c/c top bar in the footing 300
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.35 x 3.655 x 2500 = 3198.125 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =8.5 x 0.6 x 2500 = 12750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.5 x 3.225 x 1800 = 2902.5 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.5 x 1500 = 750 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =3198.125+ 12750+2902.5+750+0 = 19600.625 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(3198.125 x 0.75+12750 x 4.25+750 x 0.25+2902.5 x 0.25 + 0 x 0.75 + 6016.748)/ 19600.625 = 3.241 m

Eccentricity of loading = 4.25 - 3.241 = 1.009 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 19600.625 x 1.009 = 19777.031 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 19600.625 / 1 x 8.5 + 19777.031 x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 3948.339 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 19600.625 / 1 x 8.5 + 19777.031 x 12 x 3.75 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 = 3755.118 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 19600.625 / 1 x 8.5 + 19777.031 x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 8.5 ^3 3561.896 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 19600.625 / 1 x 8.5 - 19777.031 x 6 / 1 x 8.5 ^2 = 663.573 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3948.339 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 - 1500 = -4856.661 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3755.118 - 0.6 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 1500 = -5049.882 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3561.896 - 0.6 x 2500 = 2061.896 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 663.573 - 0.6 x 2500 = -836.427 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-836.427 / ( 0.6 x 2500 ) = -0.558 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-4856.661 x 0.5 ^2 / 2 = 445.237 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-836.427 x -0.558 ^2 / 3 = -86.8110855 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =663.573 x 6.5 ^2/2 + 2898.323 x 6.5 ^2/6 - 1500 x 6.5 ^2/2 = 2739.504 Kg m / m
Provide 600 mm thick footing = 600-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 445.237 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 55.4 = 0.616 cm /m 2
55.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 2739.504 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 55.4 = 3.789 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 3.655 m
Width of Channel W = 6.500 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m 1.513788
Depth of soil below water table 3225 = 3.225 - 2.4 a1 = 0.825 m
Height of water inside the tank 3225 = 3.655 - 0.43 a = 3.225 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 3.655 - 0.43 = 3.225 m
Density of soil 400 6500 400 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 250 250 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.225 Full Partial = 3225 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.225x1800x0.333 = 1935 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 220 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =0.825x1000 = 825 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.225 ^3 / 15= 5590.336 2236.13 2543.7 = 2543.70 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.72116462 1.633785 0 1132.83 1075.931 = 1075.93 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.225 ^2 *0.8/ 2 5200.313 4160.25 4366.76 = 4366.76 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.225^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1040.06 833.55 833.55 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 6016.748 = 2390.51 Kg m / m
=3120.1875x3.225x(3x3.225^2-15x11.787375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+226.875x0.825x(3x0.825^2-15x3.015375+20x3.655^2)/60x3.655^2+1612.5x3.225x(2-882.352941176471)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 16 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 2543.7 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 29.119 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 400 mm 332.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 7800 mm 0.988
Thickness of footing = 500 mm Safe
Provide 400 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 400-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 2543.7 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 5.506 cm2 /m 35.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 200 c/c at inside face of wall 200 294-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 2390.512 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 5.175 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 210 c/c at outside face of wall 210
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 294 = 1075.931 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 24.8 = 3.324 cm2 /m 24.8

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 2390.512 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 354 ^ 2 = 0.281 N/mm2 400-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 30 = 3.6 cm /m
2
35.4
Provide 12 mm @ 340 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 340
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 60 = 3.600 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 210 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 210

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 200 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 6.700 m
Self weight of slab = 500.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 750.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 6.7 = 0.75 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 3063.74 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 2323.06 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 2962.74 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 1178.36 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 833.55 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(3063.74x100x6/100x20^2)/18 + (833.553/100x20)/13 = 2.585176 > 1 Unsafe
Area of steel = 3063.74 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 15.6 + 833.553 / 2 x 1500 = 15.33 cm2 /m 200-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 30 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 30 15.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.3 x 3.655 x 2500 = 2741.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =7.8 x 0.5 x 2500 = 9750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =6.5 x 3.225 x 1000 = 20962.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.25 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.25 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 6.500 =6.5 x 750 = 4875 Kg / m
Total load =2x2741.25+ 9750+20962.5+2x0+2x0+4875 = 41070 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 41070 / 1 x 7.8 + x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 5265.385 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 41070 / 1 x 7.8 + x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 = 5265.385 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 41070 / 1 x 7.8 + x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 = 5265.385 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 41070 / 1 x 7.8 - x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 5265.385 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5265.385 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 4015.385 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 5265.385 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 4015.385 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5265.385 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 790.385 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 5265.385 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 790.385 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =4015.385 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 125.481 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =5265.385 x 0.65 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.65 ^2/6 - 0x0.525-5178.75x0.2-2543.7 -1250 x 0.65 ^2/2 = -2731.2 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =5265.385 x 3.9 ^2 / 2-2543.7-1250x3.9^2/2-0x3.775-5178.75x3.45-3.25x3225x1.625 = -6905.42 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.3 x 3.655 x 2500 = 2741.25 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =7.8 x 0.5 x 2500 = 9750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 0 =6.5 x 3.225 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.225 x 1800 = 1451.25 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 6.500 =6.5 x 750 = 4875 Kg / m
Total load =2x2741.25+ 9750+0+2x375+2x1451.25+4875 = 23760 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 23760 / 1 x 7.8 + x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 3046.154 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 23760 / 1 x 7.8 + x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 = 3046.154 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 23760 / 1 x 7.8 + x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 = 3046.154 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 23760 / 1 x 7.8 - x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 3046.154 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3046.154 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -5508.85 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3046.154 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800-1500 = -5508.85 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3046.154 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 1796.154 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3046.154 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 0 = 1796.154 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-5508.846 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = -172.151 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3046.154 x 0.65 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.65 ^2/6 - 1250 x 0.65 ^2/2+2390.512-1826.25x0.525-5178.7 = 775.418 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3046.154 x 3.9 ^2/2 - 1250 x 3.9 ^2/2+2390.512-1826.25x3.775-5178.75x3.45 = -8710.52 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 790.385000000001 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 739.175 Kg m / m
Provide 500 mm thick footing = 500-50-8
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(6905.41582499999x100x6/100x50^2)/18 + (4366.7595/100x50)/13 = 0.987903 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 125.481 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 44.2 = 0.218 cm2 /m 44.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 6905.41582499999 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 44.2+4366.7595/2x1500 = 13.427 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 8710.518 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 44.2 15.101 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 125.481 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 442 ^2 = 0.009 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 44.2 0.12 = 5.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 370 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 370
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -2731.2 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 442 ^2 = 0.206 cm2 /m 500-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 44.2 0.12 = 5.304 cm2 /m 44.2
Provide 16 mm @ 130 c/c top bar in the footing 130
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 739.175 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 428 ^2 = 0.059 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 42.8 0.12 = 5.136 cm2 /m 500-50-16 - 6
Provide 12 mm @ 220 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 220 42.8
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 739.175 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 42.8 = 1.323 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 850 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 850

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 2543.7 x 3.35 = 8521.40 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3225 x 3.35 = 10804 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 10803.75 / 1500 = 7.2025 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 310 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 310
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 400 2500 =0.3 x 3.655 x 2500 = 2741.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 500 2500 =7.8 x 0.5 x 2500 = 9750 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.225 1000 =1.3 x 3.225 x 1000 1.300 = 4192.5 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 500 750 6.500 =6.5 x 750 = 2437.5 Kg / m
Total load =2741.25+ 9750+4192.5 +2437.5 = 19121.25 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(2741.25 x 1.4+9750 x 1.5+4192.5 x 2.35+ 2437.5 x 1.5 - 2543.7)/ 19121.25 = 1.553 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.553 = -0.053 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 19121.25 x -0.053 = -1013.43 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 19121.25 / 1 x 3 + -1013.426 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 5698.133 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 19121.25 / 1 x 3 + -1013.426 x 12 x 1.3 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 5788.215 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 19121.25 / 1 x 3 + -1013.426 x 12 x 1.7 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 5608.05 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 19121.25 / 1 x 3 - -1013.426 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 7049.367 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 5698.133 - 0.5 x 2500 = 4448.133 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 5788.215 - 0.5 x 2500 = 4538.215 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 5608.05 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 1133.05 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 7049.367 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1000 = 2574.367 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 4475 = 5.716 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =4538.215 x 1.3 ^2 / 2 + -90.0820000000003 x 1.3 ^2 / 3 = 3784.045 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =2574.367 x 5.716 ^2 / 3 = 28037.14 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =7049.367 x 1.3 ^2/2 + -1441.317 x 1.3 ^2/6 - 4475 x 1.3 ^2/2 = 1769.369 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 500 mm thick footing = 500-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 3784.045 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 44.2 = 6.560 cm2 /m 44.2
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 28037.1358029173 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 44.2 = 48.607 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 442 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 44.2 0.12 = 5.304 cm2 /m
Provide 16 mm @ 300 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 300
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 442 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 500-50-8
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 44.2 0.12 = 5.304 cm2 /m 44.2
Provide 16 mm @ 40 c/c top bar in the footing 40
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.3 x 3.655 x 2500 = 2741.25 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =7.8 x 0.5 x 2500 = 9750 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.225 x 1800 = 1451.25 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.75 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2741.25+ 9750+1451.25+375+0 = 14317.5 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(2741.25 x 0.45+9750 x 3.9+375 x 0.125+1451.25 x 0.125 + 0 x 0.45 + 2390.512)/ 14317.5 = 2.925 m

Eccentricity of loading = 3.9 - 2.925 = 0.975 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 14317.5 x 0.975 = 13959.563 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 14317.5 / 1 x 7.8 + 13959.563 x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 3212.26 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 14317.5 / 1 x 7.8 + 13959.563 x 12 x 3.65 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 = 3124.011 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 14317.5 / 1 x 7.8 + 13959.563 x 12 x 3.25 / 1 x 7.8 ^3 2982.813 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 14317.5 / 1 x 7.8 - 13959.563 x 6 / 1 x 7.8 ^2 = 458.894 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3212.26 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 - 1500 = -5342.74 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3124.011 - 0.5 x 2500 - 3.225 x 1800 1500 = -5430.989 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2982.813 - 0.5 x 2500 = 1732.813 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 458.894 - 0.5 x 2500 = -791.106 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-791.106 / ( 0.5 x 2500 ) = -0.633 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-5342.74 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 = 93.212906 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-791.106 x -0.633 ^2 / 3 = -105.6625 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =458.894 x 6.5 ^2/2 + 2523.919 x 6.5 ^2/6 - 1250 x 6.5 ^2/2 = 1060.482 Kg m / m
Provide 500 mm thick footing = 500-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 93.21290625 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 = 0.157 cm /m 2
45.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 1060.482 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 45.4 = 1.790 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 430 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 430 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 3.605 m
Width of Channel W = 2.500 m
Free board b = 0.430 m
Depth of water table below ground level Safe for UPLIFT = 2.400 m
Depth of soil below water table 3175 = 3.175 - 2.4 a1 = 0.775 m 2.080362
Height of water inside the tank 3175 = 3.605 - 0.43 a = 3.175 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.430 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 3.605 - 0.43 = 3.175 m
Density of soil 350 2500 350 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 250 250 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 3.175 Full Partial = 3175 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.175x1800x0.333 = 1905 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =2.4x1800x0.333 6 15 = 1440 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =0.775x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 207 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =0.775x1000 = 775 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 3.175 ^3 / 15= 5334.331 2133.73 2431.439 = 2431.44 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 1.69904723 1.611435 0 1083 1027.511 = 1027.51 Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 3.175 ^2 *0.8/ 2 5040.313 4032.25 4235.073 = 4235.07 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 3.175^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 1008.06 805.24 805.24 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 5772.475 = 2291.91 Kg m / m
=3024.1875x3.175x(3x3.175^2-15x11.445875+20x3.605^2)/60x3.605^2+200.2084625x0.775x(3x0.775^2-15x2.793875+20x3.605^2)/60x3.605^2+1587.5x3.175x(2-880.721220527046)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 2431.439 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 28.469 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 350 mm 325.000
Thickness of wall at top = 200 mm
Total width of footing = 3700 mm
Thickness of footing = 400 mm Safe
Provide 350 mm thick at bottom of wall and 200 mm thick at top of wall = 350-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 2431.439 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.4 = 6.129 cm2 /m 30.4
Provide 12 mm bar @ 180 c/c at inside face of wall 180 271-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 2291.907 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 30.4 5.777 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 190 c/c at outside face of wall 190
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 271 = 1027.511 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 22.5 = 3.499 cm2 /m 22.5

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 2291.907 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 304 ^ 2 = 0.365 N/mm2 350-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 27.5 = 3.3 cm /m
2
30.4
Provide 12 mm @ 320 c/c vertical bar at outside face of wall 320
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 55 = 3.300 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 230 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 230

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 2.700 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 2.7 = 1.85 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 414.62 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 314.38 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 400.95 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 159.47 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 805.24 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(414.62x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (805.24/100x15)/13 = 0.655546 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 414.62 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 805.24 / 2 x 1500 = 3.27 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 150 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 150 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.275 x 3.605 x 2500 = 2478.438 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.7 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3700 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =2.5 x 3.175 x 1000 = 7937.5 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.25 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.25 x 3.175 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 1562.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x2478.4375+ 3700+7937.5+2x0+2x0+1562.5 = 18156.88 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 18156.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 4907.264 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 18156.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 12 x 1.6 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 = 4907.264 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 18156.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 = 4907.264 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 18156.875 / 1 x 3.7 - x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 4907.264 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4907.264 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 0 = 3907.264 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 4907.264 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 0 = 3907.264 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 4907.264 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1000 = 732.264 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4907.264 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1000 = 732.264 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =3907.264 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 122.102 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =4907.264 x 0.6 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.6 ^2/6 - 0x0.475-3259.6875x0.175-2431.439 -1000 x 0.6 ^2/2 = -2298.58 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =4907.264 x 1.85 ^2 / 2-2431.439-1000x1.85^2/2-0x1.725-3259.6875x1.425-1.25x3175x0.625 = -2870.66 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.275 x 3.605 x 2500 = 2478.438 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =3.7 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3700 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.175 0 =2.5 x 3.175 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.175 x 1800 = 1428.75 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 1562.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x2478.4375+ 3700+0+2x375+2x1428.75+1562.5 = 13826.88 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 13826.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 3736.993 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 13826.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 12 x 1.6 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 = 3736.993 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 13826.875 / 1 x 3.7 + x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 = 3736.993 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 13826.875 / 1 x 3.7 - x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 3736.993 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3736.993 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1800-1500 = -4478.01 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3736.993 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1800-1500 = -4478.01 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3736.993 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 0 = 2736.993 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3736.993 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 0 = 2736.993 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-4478.007 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = -139.938 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3736.993 x 0.6 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.6 ^2/6 - 1000 x 0.6 ^2/2+2291.907-1803.75x0.475-3259.6875 = 1357.339 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3736.993 x 1.85 ^2/2 - 1000 x 1.85 ^2/2+2291.907-1803.75x1.725-3259.6875x1.425 = -780.937 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 732.264 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 684.819 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-50-6
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(2870.6569175x100x6/100x40^2)/18 + (4235.0725/100x40)/13 = 0.679497 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 122.102 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 = 0.272 cm2 /m 34.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 2870.6569175 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4+4235.0725/2x1500 = 7.806 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 1357.339 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 3.024 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 122.102 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0.015 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 270 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 270
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -2298.577 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0.286 cm2 /m 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m 34.4
Provide 12 mm @ 140 c/c top bar in the footing 140
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 684.819 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 333 ^2 = 0.091 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 33.3 0.12 = 3.996 cm2 /m 400-50-12 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 190 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 190 33.3
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 684.819 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 33.3 = 1.576 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 490 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 490

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 2431.439 x 3.35 = 8145.32 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 3175 x 3.35 = 10636 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 10636.25 / 1500 = 7.090833 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm dia @ 310 mm c/c as horizontal tie bar in the counterfort 310
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 350 2500 =0.275 x 3.605 x 2500 = 2478.438 Kg / m
Weight of footing 400 2500 =3.7 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3700 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 3.175 1000 =1.325 x 3.175 x 1000 1.325 = 4206.875 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 781.25 Kg / m
Total load =2478.4375+ 3700+4206.875 +781.25 = 11166.56 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(2478.4375 x 1.4125+3700 x 1.5+4206.875 x 2.3375+ 781.25 x 1.5 - 2431.439)/ 11166.5625 = 1.598 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.598 = -0.098 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 11166.5625 x -0.098 = -1094.32 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 11166.5625 / 1 x 3 + -1094.323 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 2992.639 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 11166.5625 / 1 x 3 + -1094.323 x 12 x 1.325 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 3077.753 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 11166.5625 / 1 x 3 + -1094.323 x 12 x 1.675 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 2907.525 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 11166.5625 / 1 x 3 - -1094.323 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 4451.736 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2992.639 - 0.4 x 2500 = 1992.639 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3077.753 - 0.4 x 2500 = 2077.753 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2907.525 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1000 = -1267.48 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 4451.736 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1000 = 276.736 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 4175 = 0.569 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =2077.753 x 1.325 ^2 / 2 + -85.114 x 1.325 ^2 / 3 = 1774.068 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =276.736 x 0.569 ^2 / 3 = 29.86544 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =4451.736 x 1.325 ^2/2 + -1544.211 x 1.325 ^2/6 - 4175 x 1.325 ^2/2 = -208.92 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 1774.068 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 = 3.952 cm2 /m 34.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 208.92 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 = 0.465 cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 280 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 280
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m 34.4
Provide 12 mm @ 270 c/c top bar in the footing 270
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.275 x 3.605 x 2500 = 2478.4375 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.7 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3700 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.175 x 1800 = 1428.75 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2478.4375+ 3700+1428.75+375+0 = 7982.1875 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(2478.4375 x 0.425+3700 x 1.85+375 x 0.125+1428.75 x 0.125 + 0 x 0.425 + 2291.907)/ 7982.1875 = 1.305 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.85 - 1.305 = 0.545 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 7982.1875 x 0.545 = 4350.292 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 7982.1875 / 1 x 3.7 + 4350.292 x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 4063.977 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 7982.1875 / 1 x 3.7 + 4350.292 x 12 x 1.6 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 = 3806.324 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 7982.1875 / 1 x 3.7 + 4350.292 x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.7 ^3 3445.611 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 7982.1875 / 1 x 3.7 - 4350.292 x 6 / 1 x 3.7 ^2 = 250.719 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 4063.977 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1800 - 1500 = -4151.023 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3806.324 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.175 x 1800 1500 = -4408.676 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3445.611 - 0.4 x 2500 = 2445.611 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 250.719 - 0.4 x 2500 = -749.281 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-749.281 / ( 0.4 x 2500 ) = -0.749 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-4151.023 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 = 107.67534 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-749.281 x -0.749 ^2 / 3 = -140.1158 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =250.719 x 2.5 ^2/2 + 3194.892 x 2.5 ^2/6 - 1000 x 2.5 ^2/2 = 986.509 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 107.67534375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 0.233 cm /m 2
35.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 986.509 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 2.135 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2
DESIGN OF C W CHANNEL ARYAN COAL BENIFICATIONS PVT. LTD
DESIGN OF WALL & FOUNDATION 1 X 270 MW POWER PLANT, KORBA.

Grade of Concrete 3500 = M 25


Grade of Steel Reinforcement 0 = Fy 415
Height of wall L = 3.500 m
Width of Channel W = 2.500 m
Free board b = 3.500 m
Depth of water table below ground level Not safe for UPLIFT = 0.900 m
Depth of soil below water table 0 = 3.5 - 0.9 a1 = 2.600 m 0.946272
Height of water inside the tank 3500 = 3.5 - 3.5 a = 0.000 m
Density of water = 1000 Kg/m3
Height of wall above soil = 0.000 m
Height of soil above foundation raft = 3.5 - 0 = 3.500 m
Density of soil 400 2500 400 = 1800 Kg/m3
Angle of internal friction 250 250 0.5236 = 30 0 C
Surcharge load Cantilever Proped = 1500 Kg/m2
Maximum water pressure at bottom of wall on inside face = 1000 x 0 Full Partial = 0 Kg/m2
Pressure due to dry soil at bottom on outside face of wall =3.5x1800x0.333 = 2100 Kg/m2
Pressure due to soil above WT at bottom on outside face of wall 0.5 =0.9x1800x0.333 6 15 = 540 Kg/m2 Propped
Pressure due to soil below WT at bottom on outside face of wall =2.6x(1800-1000)x0.333 = 693 Kg/m2
Pressure due to ground water at bottom on outside face of wall =2.6x1000 = 2600 Kg/m2
Pressure due to surcharge at bottom of wall on outside face 0.5 =1500x0.333 8 = 500 Kg/m2 Propped
Maximum vertical -ve moment due to water at bottom of wall = 1000 x 0 ^3 / 15= 0 0 0 = 0.00 Kg m / m
Maximum vertical +ve moment due to water 3.5 1.5645 0 0 #DIV/0! = #DIV/0! Kg m / m
Maximum shear at bottom due to water 0.8 1 = 1000 x 0 ^2 *0.8/ 2 0 0 0 = 0.00 Kg / m
Maximum shear at top due to water 0.2 0 =1000 x 0^2 x0.2/ 2= 0 0 0.00 0.00 Kg / m
Maximum vertical moment due to soil and ground water at bottom of wall 9302.889 = 3507.13 Kg m / m
=3675x3.5x(3x3.5^2-15x12.25+20x3.5^2)/60x3.5^2+2253.3329x2.6x(3x2.6^2-15x9.1+20x3.5^2)/60x3.5^2+1750x3.5x(2-1000)^2/8

Maximum allowable bending stress in concrete = 18.000 Kg/m2


Maximum allowable direct tension in concrete = 13.000 Kg/m2
Maximum allowable direct tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Maximum allowable bending tension in steel = 1500.0 Kg/cm2
Diameter of vertical bar inside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horzontal bar inside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of vertical bar outside face of wall = 12 mm
Diameter of horizontal bar outside face of wall = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the bottom of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of main bar in the top of footing = 12 mm
Diameter of distribution bar in the footing = 10 mm
Diameter of main bar in the counterfort = 25 mm
Diameter of secondary bar in the counterfort = 16 mm
Diameter of vertical and horizontal tie bar in the counterfort = 12 mm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for wall = 4.0 cm
Clear cover to main reinforcement for footing = 5.0 cm
Minimum thickness required for bending at bottom = 3507.127 x 10^2 x 6 / 100 x 18 = 34.191 cm
Thickness of wall at bottom = 400 mm 382.000
Thickness of wall at top = 250 mm
Total width of footing = 3800 mm
Thickness of footing = 400 mm Safe
Provide 400 mm thick at bottom of wall and 250 mm thick at top of wall = 400-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the inside face of wall = 0 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 0.000 cm2 /m 35.4
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 400-40-6
Area of vertical reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 3507.127 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 7.592 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm bar @ 140 c/c at outside face of wall 140
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 400 #DIV/0! = #DIV/0! cm2 /m 35.4

Mu / bd2 =1.5 x 3507.127 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 354 ^ 2 = 0.412 N/mm2 400-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall 0.12 0.12 x 32.5 = 3.9 cm /m
2
35.4
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Minimum reinforcement 0.06 =0.06x 65 = 3.900 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 200 c/c horizontal bar at inside and outside face of wall 200

Design of Roof Slab


Thickness of Slab = 150 mm
Long span of slab ly = 5.000 m
Short span of slab lx = 2.750 m
Self weight of slab = 375.00 Kg/m2
Live load = 250.00 Kg/m2
Total load = 625.00 Kg/m2
Maximum -ve moment in short span ly / lx = 5 / 2.75 = 1.82 Two long edges discontinous 0.091 = 430.12 kgm/m
Maximum -ve moment in long span 0.069 = 326.13 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in short span 0.088 = 415.94 kgm/m
Maximum +ve moment in long span 0.035 = 165.43 kgm/m
Direct tension in slab = 0.00 kg/m
Diameter of bar = 8 mm
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(430.12x100x6/100x15^2)/18 + (0/100x15)/13 = 0.637215 < 1 Safe
Area of steel = 430.12 x 100 / 1500x 0.87 x 10.6 + 0 / 2 x 1500 = 3.11 cm2 /m 150-40 -4
Provide 8 mm @ 160 c/c bar at top and bottom face of both ways 160 10.6

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 1 - Consider Water Pressure only
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.325 x 3.5 x 2500 = 2843.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.8 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3800 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 1000 =2.5 x 0 x 1000 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing 0 =0.25 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 0 =0.25 x 3.5 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
live load dead load total load column c/c
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 1562.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x2843.75+ 3800+0+2x0+2x0+1562.5 = 11050 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 11050 / 1 x 3.8 + x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 2907.895 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 11050 / 1 x 3.8 + x 12 x 1.65 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 = 2907.895 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 11050 / 1 x 3.8 + x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 = 2907.895 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 11050 / 1 x 3.8 - x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 2907.895 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2907.895 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 0 = 1907.895 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2907.895 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 0 = 1907.895 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2907.895 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 1000 = 1907.895 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 2907.895 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 1000 = 1907.895 Kg/m2
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1907.895 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = 59.622 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =2907.895 x 0.65 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.65 ^2/6 - 0x0.525-3625x0.2-0 -1000 x 0.65 ^2/2 = -321.957 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =2907.895 x 1.9 ^2 / 2-0-1000x1.9^2/2-0x1.775-3625x1.45-1.25x0x0.625 = -1812.5 Kg m / m

Design of Footing for Outer Wall


Case 2 - Consider Soil Pressure only

Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.325 x 3.5 x 2500 = 2843.75 Kg / m


Weight of footing 2500 =3.8 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3800 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 0.000 0 =2.5 x 0 x 0 = 0 Kg / m
Load due to overburden pressure above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.5 x 1800 = 1575 Kg / m
live load dead load total load span of slab
Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 1562.5 Kg / m
Total load =2x2843.75+ 3800+0+2x375+2x1575+1562.5 = 14950 Kg / m

Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 14950 / 1 x 3.8 + x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 3934.211 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 14950 / 1 x 3.8 + x 12 x 1.65 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 = 3934.211 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 14950 / 1 x 3.8 + x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 = 3934.211 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 14950 / 1 x 3.8 - x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 3934.211 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3934.211 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 1800-1500 = -4865.79 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3934.211 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 1800-1500 = -4865.79 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3934.211 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 2934.211 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 3934.211 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 0 = 2934.211 Kg/m2

Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-4865.789 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 0.25 ^2 / 3 = -152.056 Kg m / m
Moment along the inner edge of wall =3934.211 x 0.65 ^2/2 + 0 x 0.65 ^2/6 - 1000 x 0.65 ^2/2+3507.127-1950x0.525-3625x0.2 = 2378.229 Kg m / m
Span moment along the middle of the raft =3934.211 x 1.9 ^2/2 - 1000 x 1.9 ^2/2+3507.127-1950x1.775-3625x1.45 = 85.878 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= 1907.895 x 3.35 ^2 / 12 = 1784.279 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-50-6
Check the slab for combined bending and direct tension
=(1812.499525x100x6/100x40^2)/18 + (0/100x40)/13 = 0.377604 < 1 Safe
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 59.622 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 = 0.133 cm2 /m 34.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 1 = 1812.499525 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4+0/2x1500 = 4.037 cm /m
2

Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft case 2 = 2378.229 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 5.298 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 59.622 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0.007 N/mm2
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 270 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 270
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x -321.957 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0.04 cm2 /m 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m 34.4
Provide 12 mm @ 210 c/c top bar in the footing 210
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 1784.279 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 333 ^2 = 0.237 N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 33.3 0.12 = 3.996 cm2 /m 400-50-12 - 5
Provide 10 mm @ 190 c/c top and bottom as distribution bar in the footing between counterforts 190 33.3
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 1784.279 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 33.3 = 4.106 cm2 /m
Provide 10 mm @ 190 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 190

Design of Counterfort
Size of the counterfort 600 mm x 2000 mm at bottom and 600 mm at top
Spacing between the counterfort = 3.350 m
Maximum cantilever moment due to water on the counterfort = 0 x 3.35 = 0.00 Kg m
Maximum cantilever moment on the counterfort = 169670.0 Tm 2000-40-12.5
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x 169670 x 9.81 x1000 / 600 x 1947.5 = 1.097 N/mm2 1947.5
Area of main reinforcement in the counterfort = 0.322 x 60 x 194.75 0.322 = 37.6257 cm2
Provide 25 mm dia 8 nos. vertical bar at the water face of counterfort 8 nos
Minimum reinforcement = 0.12 x 60 x 194.75 0.12 = 14.022 cm2
Provide 16 mm dia 7 nos. vertical bar at the outer face of counterfort 7 nos
Maximum horizontal force in the counterfort = 0 x 3.35 = 0 Kg/ m
Area of horizontal tie reinforcement in the counterfort = 0 / 1500 = 0 cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Maximum vertical force in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! Kg/ m
Area of vertical tie reinforcement in the counterfort #REF! = #REF! cm2 /m
#REF! #REF!

Design of Footing for Middle Wall


Consider Water Pressure on one side only
Width of Footing = 3000 mm
Weight of Rcc wall 400 2500 =0.325 x 3.5 x 2500 = 2843.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 400 2500 =3.8 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3800 Kg / m
Weight of water on top of footing 0.000 1000 =1.3 x 0 x 1000 1.300 = 0 Kg / m

live load dead load total load span of slab


Load from Roof slab 250 375 625 2.500 =2.5 x 625 = 781.25 Kg / m
Total load =2843.75+ 3800+0 +781.25 = 7425 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer edge =(2843.75 x 1.4+3800 x 1.5+0 x 2.35+ 781.25 x 1.5 - 0)/ 7425 = 1.5 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.5 - 1.5 = 0m


Moment due to eccentricity = 7425 x 0 = 0 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 7425 / 1 x 3 + 0 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 2475 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 7425 / 1 x 3 + 0 x 12 x 1.3 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 2475 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 7425 / 1 x 3 + 0 x 12 x 1.7 / 1 x 3 ^3 = 2475 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 7425 / 1 x 3 - 0 x 6 / 1 x 3 ^2 = 2475 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 2475 - 0.4 x 2500 = 1475 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 2475 - 0.4 x 2500 = 1475 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 2475 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 1000 = 1475 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 2475 - 0.4 x 2500 - 0 x 1000 = 1475 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing 1000 = #DIV/0! m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =1475 x 1.3 ^2 / 2 + 0 x 1.3 ^2 / 3 = 1246.375 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line #DIV/0! = #DIV/0! Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =2475 x 1.3 ^2/2 + 0 x 1.3 ^2/6 - 1000 x 1.3 ^2/2 = 1246.375 Kg m / m
Moment in the bottom slab between the counterforts due to water and self weig= x ^2 / 12 = 0 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 1246.375 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 34.4 = 2.776 cm2 /m 34.4
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft #DIV/0! = #DIV/0! cm /m
2

Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0 N/mm2


Area of main reinforcement in the bottom of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m
Provide 12 mm @ 400 c/c main bar in the bottom of footing 400
Mu / bd2 = 1.5 x x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 344 ^2 = 0 cm2 /m 400-50-6
Area of main reinforcement in the top of raft = 0.12 x 34.4 0.12 = 4.128 cm2 /m 34.4
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Mu / bd 2
= 1.5 x 0 x 9.81 x 10^3 / 1000 x 0 ^2 = #DIV/0! N/mm2
Area of reinforcement in the bottom of raft between counterforts = 0.12 x 0 0.12 = 0 cm2 /m -0- - 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0
Area of reinforcement in the bottom raft between counterforts = 0 x 10^2 / x 0.87 x 0 = #DIV/0! cm2 /m
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Design of footing only with soil pressure
Weight of Rcc wall 2500 =0.325 x 3.5 x 2500 = 2843.75 Kg / m
Weight of footing 2500 =3.8 x 0.4 x 2500 = 3800 Kg / m
Weight of soil above footing 1800 =0.25 x 3.5 x 1800 = 1575 Kg / m
Surcharge load above footing =0.25 x 1500 = 375 Kg / m
Load from Roof slab =0 x 0.625 x = 0 Kg / m
Total load =2843.75+ 3800+1575+375+0 = 8593.75 Kg / m

Cg of loading from outer


edge =(2843.75 x 0.45+3800 x 1.9+375 x 0.125+1575 x 0.125 + 0 x 0.45 + 3507.127)/ 8593.75 = 1.426 m

Eccentricity of loading = 1.9 - 1.426 = 0.474 m


Moment due to eccentricity = 8593.75 x 0.474 = 4073.438 Kg m / m
Pressure below foundation near outer edge = 8593.75 / 1 x 3.8 + 4073.438 x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 3954.077 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near outer edge of wall = 8593.75 / 1 x 3.8 + 4073.438 x 12 x 1.65 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 = 3731.372 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge of wall = 8593.75 / 1 x 3.8 + 4073.438 x 12 x 1.25 / 1 x 3.8 ^3 3375.042 Kg/m2
Pressure below foundation near inner edge = 8593.75 / 1 x 3.8 - 4073.438 x 6 / 1 x 3.8 ^2 = 568.949 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of footing = 3954.077 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 1800 - 1500 = -4845.923 Kg/m2
Net pressure near outer edge of wall = 3731.372 - 0.4 x 2500 - 3.5 x 1800 1500 = -5068.628 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge of wall = 3375.042 - 0.4 x 2500 = 2375.042 Kg/m2
Net pressure near inner edge = 568.949 - 0.4 x 2500 = -431.051 Kg/m2
Zero shear line from inner edge of footing =-431.051 / ( 0.4 x 2500 ) = -0.431 m
Cantilever moment along the outer edge of wall =-4845.923 x 0.25 ^2 / 2 = 105.47006 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the zero shear line =-431.051 x -0.431 ^2 / 3 = -26.69082 Kg m / m
Cantilever moment along the inner edge of wall =568.949 x 2.5 ^2/2 + 2806.093 x 2.5 ^2/6 - 1000 x 2.5 ^2/2 = 1575.979 Kg m / m
Provide 400 mm thick footing = 400-40-6
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 105.4700625 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 0.228 cm /m 2
35.4
Area of reinforcement in the outside face of wall = 1575.979 x 10^2 / 1500 x 0.87 x 35.4 = 3.411 cm2 /m
Mu / bd2

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