ELECTRICAL MACHINE

REVIEWER / QUESTIONNAIRE / BSPE4C / 2016

- It is a machine that converts electrical energy (or
- power) into mechanical energy (or power).
- A simplex lap wound armature has 600 conductors and carries a current of 50 amperes per armature current path.
If the flux per pole is 30 mWb, determine the electromagnetic torque developed by the armature.
- The armature and the field coils are connected in parallel.
- A shunt motor is taking 72 A at 120 V while developing an output of 10 bhp. Armature resistance is 0.05 ohm and
shunt field resistance of 60 ohms. Determine
- a. counter emf
- b. total copper losses
- c. iron and friction losses
- The armature and the field coils are connected in series.
- A 200V series motor has a field resistance of 0.2 ohm and an armature resistance of 0.1 ohm. The motor takes
30A of current at 900 rpm while developing full load torque. What is the motor speed when this motor develops
70% of full load torque?
- The series field coil is connected in series with the armature coil while the shunt field coil is connected across the
series combination.
- A long shunt compound motor draws a line current of 42A from a 230V DC source. The armature resistance is
0.1 ohm while the series and shunt field resistances are 0.2 ohm and 50 ohm respectively. If the iron and friction
losses amount to 500W, determine the overall efficiency of the machine.
- The series field coil is connected in series with the supply voltage while the shunt field coil is connected in
parallel with the armature coil.
- A 220V short shunt compound motor has an armature resistance of 0.4 ohm, a shunt field resistance of 110 ohms
and a series field resistance of 0.6 ohms. If this motor draws an armature current of 50A at rated load, determine
- a. the counter emf
- b. horsepower developed in the armature
- This test is used to determine the output horsepower of a motor.
- The pony brake test of an elevator door drive shunt motor, the ammeter and voltmeter measuring the input read
34A and 220V. The speed of the motor is found to be 910 rpm and the balance on a 2 ft brake arm read 27.2
pounds. The tare weight of the arm is found to be positive 2.3 pounds. Determine the efficiency of the motor at
this load.
- Calculate the force that will be exerted on the scale in a pony brake test when a 20 hp, 1400 rpm motor is
operating at full load. The length of the brake arm is 3 ft and the tare weight of the brake is 3.75 lbs.
- The shaft power of a shunt motor is 7.8 hp. It draws 50 A from 120 V. The field winding draws 1.2 A. What is
the efficiency of the motor?
- A shunt motor was tested by means of a pony brake having a length arm of 3.5 feet and a tare weight of 5.7 lbs.
The current drawn by the machine from a 240 V line was 50.9 A when the scale reading was 24 lbs and the speed
of the motor was 1215 rpm. Calculate the rotational losses of the motor. The armature and shunt field resistances
of the machine are 0.25 and 240, respectively.

- An electrical device used to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without changing the
frequency. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

- The primary voltage of a certain transformer is 230V. The primary current is 5A, and the secondary current is
50A. What is the secondary voltage?
- TRANSFORMER CHARACTERISTICS
- The magnetic core is build up of laminations of high-grade silicon or other sheet steel, which are sometimes
insulated from each other by varnish, though frequently the surface coating of iron oxide is employed to minimize
eddy-current losses in the core.
- The most popular and efficient transformer core. As shown, each layer of the core consists ofE-and I-
shapedsections of metal.
- cooled by the circulation of air and is not oil immersed.
- The cooling is affected by the natural circulation of the oil through the cooling ducts in the windings and core,
carrying the heat to the heat dissipating surfaces, whence it is carried away by the natural cooling action of the air.
- is one in which the core and coils are immersed in oil and the cooling is increased by forced air over the cooling
surface.
- is a dry type transformer cooled by a forced circulation of air through the core and coils.

- is one in which the core and coils are immersed in oil and the cooling is being affected by the circulation of water
through a coil installed in the transformer tank and immersed in the oil.
- transformerhasmore turnsofwireon thesecondarycoil, which makes a larger induced voltage in the secondary coil.
- Astepdowntransformerhaslessturnsofwireon thesecondarycoil,which makes asmallerinduced voltagein
thesecondarycoil.
- Determine the primary voltage of a transformer if the number of turns is 1,600 T, the secondary voltage is 110,
and the number of turns is 800.
- A transformer having primary voltage of 440 and a secondary voltage of 220. What is the number of turns in the
secondary if the number of turns in the primary is 2,000? What kind of transformer is this?
- Given the transformers primary and secondary voltage of 600V and 440V, find the number of turns in the
secondary if the number of turns in the primary is 3000 turns.
- A transformer has a primary voltage of 110 and secondary voltage of 220. Its primary current is 2 amperes. What
is the secondary current?
- A transformer having primary voltage of 230V and the number of turns in the primary and secondary are 1,000
and 1,500. What is the secondary voltage? What kind of transformer is this?
- A step-up transformer has a secondary voltage of 440 with a secondary current of 10A. If the primary current is
200A, what is the transformers primary voltage?
- if its core is loss less, has no leakage flux and has no copper losses in its windings.
- The net cross section of the core of a 60-cycle transformer is 20 square inches. The maximum flux density in the
core is 50,000 lines per square inch. If there are 900 turns in the primary and 90 turns in the secondary, determine
the rated voltage of the primary and secondary.
- A single phase transformer is rated 4,160V primary and 250V secondary. If it has 1,500 turns in the primary, what
should be the number of turns in the secondary winding?
- A certain transformer has a ratio of 8 is to 1. The primary winding resistance is 0.00283 ohm per turn and has
1155 more turns than the secondary winding. If the copper loss in the primary is 20% less than in the secondary,
find resistance of the secondary winding.
- A 2200/200 volt transformer has a primary resistance of 2.4 ohms and a secondary resistance of 0.02 ohm.
Determine the equivalent resistance referred to
- a. the primary side
- b. the secondary side
- A 10 kVA, 2400/240-V single-phase transformer has the following resistances and reactances. Find the primary
voltage required to produce 240V at the secondary terminals at full load, when the power factor is 0.8 lagging.
R1= 3, X1= 15, R2= 0.03, X2= 0.15
- The maximum flux density in the core of a 3000/240-V, 50 Hz single-phase distribution transformer is 1.25 Tesla.
If the voltage induced per turn is 8 volts, determine the cross-sectional of the core in cm2.
- A single phase practical transformer rated 100 kVA, 12470 volts primary, 600V secondary has a current and
resistance of 0.101 of 220 k. Determine the reactive power in kVAR.
- A 150 kVA, 2400/240-V transformer has the following resistances and reactances: R1= 5 X1= 20 R2= 0.05
X2= 0.250 Find the equivalent resistance and reactance referred to the primary and secondary side.
- A 2400/240 V practical transformer has the following resistance and reactance: Rm= 51 kXm= 29 k Find the
apparent power in kilovolt-amperes.
- A 10 kVA, 2,000/400 V, single phase distribution transformer has a primary and secondary winding impedances
of 5.0 + j10 and 0.2 + j0.45 ohms, respectively. Calculate the voltage across the secondary terminals at full load,
80% power factor lagging, when the primary is supplied with 2,000 volts.
- The low voltage side is supplied with rated voltage while the high voltage side is left open. Electrical
measurements are done on the low voltage side.
- The no-load current of a transformer is 4A at 0.25 pfwhen supplied at 250 V, 60 Hz. Determine the
- a. core loss
- b. resistance representing the core loss
- c. magnetizing reactance
- The low voltage side is short circuited while the high voltage side is supplied with voltage adjusted so that the
high side will draw rated high side current. Electrical measurements are done on the high voltage side.
- A short circuit test was performed upon a 10-kVA, 2300/230 volt transformer with the following results: Esc=
137 volts; Psc= 192W; Isc= 4.34 A. Calculate in primary terms the equivalent resistance and reactance of the
transformer.
- A 2300/230 volt distribution transformer is tested for polarity in accordance with the standard method. If 120
volts is impressed across the high voltage windings, determine the voltmeter reading if the transformer has
- a. additive polarity
- b. subtractive polarity
- I2R loss in the primary and secondary windings.
- eddy current loss + hysteresis loss
- In a 400V, 50 c/s transformer, the total iron loss is 2500 W. When the supplied voltage is 220V at 25 c/s, the
corresponding loss is 850W. Calculate the eddy current loss at normal frequency and voltage.
- the ratio of its output power (power drawn by the load) to the input power (power developed by the transformer).
- This connection is seldom used in three-phase transformers.
- It is often used for distribution service where a four-wire secondary distribution circuit is desired.
- This is extensively used for power transmission and distribution.
- It is used when tying together two high-voltage transmission system of unequal voltage. The following data were
obtained when a short circuit test was performed upon a 100 kVA, 2400/240V distribution transformer: Esc= 72
volts; Isc= 41.6 A; Psc= 1180W. All instruments are on the high side during the short circuit test. Calculate the
equivalent resistance and reactance of the transformer.
- The no-load loss of a transformer at rated voltage is 100watts at 30 Hz and 300 watts at 60 Hz. What is the
hysteresis loss at 60 Hz and rated voltage? (Note: Since not specified, the maximum flux density (m) is assumed
constant.)