FORMAL AND INFORMAL

DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

INTRODUCCIN

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

ESTRUCTURA DE CONTENIDOS

Introduccin ................................................................................ 2

Mapa Conceptual .......................................................................... 4

1. Formal and Informal Document Types and Content ............ 5

1.1 Formal Documents ............................................................... 5

1.1.1 CVs (Britain English)/or Resume (American English) ................. 5

1.1.2 End of term papers ............................................................... 6

1.1.3 Discursive Essays ................................................................. 7

1.1.4 Academic Discursive Essays ................................................... 7

1.1.5 Problem-solution essays ........................................................ 8

1.1.6 Factual Descriptions .............................................................. 8

1.1.7 Reports ............................................................................... 9

1.2 Emails and informal letters ................................................... 10

Bibliografa ................................................................................ 12

Glosario ..................................................................................... 13

Control de Documentos ................................................................ 16

Creative Commons y Marca Registrada ........................................... 16

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

MAPA CONCEPTUAL

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1. Formal and Informal Document Types and Content

All writings should contain an Introduction, a main body and a conclusion.

The information you need to include in each of these types of documents
depend on the text and intention of the document; therefore you need
to take into account aspects like Paragraphing, which should be at least
three but no more; Cohesion which contains Paraphrasing, to write the
same idea, but in different words; Substitution, writing a pronoun instead
of a full; name or phrase; and, Connectors, the relation how sentences
are connected. Below you will find the types of formal and informal
documents and their mean characteristics, as well as some examples.

1.1 Formal Documents:

1.1.1 CVs (Britain English)/

or Resume (American English):

The writing of a CV (Curriculum Vitae) depends on the type of work you

are applying for. However they tend to be standardized and use a lot of
formulaic language you can replace for your own information.

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1.1.2 End of term papers:

The end of Term Papers are similar to an academic

discursive Essay. The main differences for an end of
term paper are: more preparation; you must read more
material on the topic; and your final essay will be longer.

There are four stages when writing a term paper:

The draft thesis stage: It is possible that after creating an original

idea, at the end of your research this change completely due to
the findings you got from it.

Drawing up the working bibliography and researching the theme:

Once you have chosen the draft thesis, go to the set of reading
lists, library listings or internet databases or websites.

Organizing your ideas and re-writing your thesis: It is appropriate

and helps to the final result, to arrange a three or four paragraphs
document. The first one may contain a brief description of the
topic. The second and third can describe the whole research and
the final one should include the conclusion.

Writing up your work: this should begin with a summary of the

background to the paper, and a justification for its writing. It should
include your thesis statement towards the end of the introduction,
summarizing your overall conclusion and the papers message in
one sentence.

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 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1.1.3 Discursive Essays:

Every good academic paper includes the introductory

paragraph, as explain before, to let the reader know what
is the importance of it, as well as justification for that
research.

The next second or third paragraphs should describe the thesis, implications
an overview of the issues supported it, and the final paragraph almost
always includes a summary of your own point of view about the topic, and
some suggestions about it.

1.1.4 Academic Discursive Essays:

The way in which ideas are written and supported are

of great importance in writing a Discursive Essay. The
conclusions must be included based on the evidence;
at the end according to your perspective, you can give
some personal thoughts regarding the topic like advices
not conclusions, and perhaps, including the actions to be
taken.

FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1.1.5 Problem-solution essays:

This should begin with a general statement on the topic,

some background information, or some reasons why we
should be interested.

You put forward possible solutions, beginning a new paragraph for each
problem. Discuss the benefits of implementing these solutions, and also
the difficulties involved.

Make sure that in the final paragraph you write the solution would be the
best.

1.1.6 Factual Descriptions:

This is a pie chart, bar or line graph which contains

numerical information, based on it you can support your
conclusions. It is important that you only comment on
the facts that you are given, and do not speculate about
reasons for any changes.

Begin with rewriting the title that you are given, using different language,
and make a general comment on the statistics.

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 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1.1.7 Reports:

The language is formal. The whole view of each report

you write, must follow an appropriate order which
indicates your understanding of the topic, but also it
should show, like a formal writing, coherence, unity, and
good punctuation and grammar.

The title is fundamental to introduce the topic; the subheadings should

give a clear idea of the holistic report. You can include comments on how
the information was gathered as well.

Useful sentences:

The aim of this report is to

This report is intended to give a brief summary of the findings of our
recent project
The data was collected from
This survey was carried out among

Make sure that your report has covered all the key points and achieves its
purpose, so it can be seen at the end the conclusions based on findings
but also the steps to follow after that.

Useful phrases:

In conclusion
The following conclusions can be drawn
As can be seen from the findings of this report
The next stage is
It is appropriate to
We recommend that

In Summary, you can use this template:

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 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

1.2 Emails and informal letters.

The informal writings are very common among people who know each
other well. However informal does not mean ordinary, for this you must
be polite and use appropriate expressions in both emails and letters.
There are, according to each purpose, many types of informal writings,
some of them look for congratulate, give regards, ask for information,
show appreciation and so forth. Depending on the relationship of the
sender and receiver, familiar vocabulary can be used, anyway remember
to be polite and includes courtesy in the vocabulary used, since this a rule
every formal and informal writing should include.

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

BIBLIOGRAFA

Longman Exams Dictionary (2007). Your Key to exams succeed. Pearson

Education. Wh2-Wh23.

Successful End of Your Project. Recovered 3 November 2013. Available in:

http://www.docstoc.com/docs/60623185/Term-Paper-Conclusion-
Writing-A-Successful-End-of-Your-Project&usg=.

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 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

GLOSARIO

Achieve: Lograr.

Advice: Consejo.

Aim: Logro.

Although: Aunque.

Among: Entre varios.

Ask: Solicitar.

Back: Regreso.

Background: Trayectoria.

Bar or line graph: Grfico de barras o lneas.

Been: Sido.

Build: Construir.

Carried out: Llevado a cabo.

Collected: Recogida.

Connector: Conector.

Covered: Cubierta.

Data: Informacin.

Demonstrate: Demostrar.

Discursive: Discursivo.

DoB: Date of Birth.

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

Enrolling: Alistamiento.

Essays: Ensayos.

Factual: Hechos.

Fairly: Casi.

Findings: Hallazgos.

Further: Ms adelante.

Give: Dar.

Hearing: Escuchar.

Issue: Hechos.

Looking forward: Mirar hacia adelante.

Often: Con frecuencia.

Overall: Completa.

Paraphrasing: Parafrasear.

Paragraph: Prrafo.

Pie Chart: Grfico circular.

Point of view: Punto de vista.

Proposal: Propsito.

Purpose: Objetivo.

Qualification: Aptitudes.

Report: Informe.

Request: Solicitud.

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

Require: Requerir.

Select: Escoger.

Share: Compartir.

Skill: Habilidad.

Soon: Pronto.

Statement: Oracin.

Strength: Fortaleza.

Succeed: Exitoso.

Suggestion: Sugerencia.

Summarize: Resumir.

Support: Soporte.

Sure: Seguro.

Table: Tabla.

Template: Plantilla.

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje

 FORMAL AND INFORMAL DOCUMENTS IN ENGLISH

Control de documento
Construccin Objeto de Aprendizaje
Formal and Informal Documents in English
Desarrollador de contenido Alba Nury Cardona Yepes
Experto temtico
Asesor pedaggico Claudia Milena Hernandez
Naranjo
Produccin Multimedia Julio Cesar Orduz Tarazona
Programador Daniel Eduardo Martnez Daz
Lder expertos temticos Ana Yaqueline Chavarro Parra
Lder lnea de produccin Santiago Lozada Garcs

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FAVA - Formacin en Ambientes Virtuales de Aprendizaje SENA - Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje