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A hypothesis is a possible
explanation.
Another word for a
hypothesis is a theory or a
claim.
Professor Know -it - All
Type to enter text

I know what
happened!
The skeletons were people
from the hill fort.
They were killed in a savage attack
by the neighbouring tribe the Belgae.
My evidence is the sword wound in the
skull
The attackers slaughtered all the
villagers and buried them as
quickly as possible.
Im so clever!!!
Evidence
File One. Source A: Artists impression of
Maiden Castle - Primary / Secondary
Maiden Castle
was a hill fort.
It looked like
this.
People lived
here
continuously
for 500 years.
Then around
AD CE they
deserted
their home.

Source B: A modern map of the tribes of Britain.

Maiden
Castle
- Primary /
Secondary

The British people divided themselves into tribes. This map

shows the tribes that lived in Southern England. The
Durotriges tribe ruled the region around Maiden Castle.
 Source C: Roman Historian (10BCE - 20CE)
- Primary / Secondary

The Britons are war-

mad, courageous and love
fighting battles.
They fight even if they have
nothing on their side (such as
weapons or armour) on their
own strength and
courage

Source D: A close up of one of the skeletons skull.

- Primary /
Secondary
Source F: Arrowhead primary / secondary Evidence File
A close up of one of the skeletons spine showing a TWO
Roman ballista bolt. The ballista bolt would have been
lodged in the individuals spine at the time of death. At Outside
the time the archaeologist thought it was an arrow
head, but they were wrong!

Source G: Close up of a Roman Ballista Bolt.

Date 43 CE - 410 CE primary / secondary
 Evidence File
TWO
The Mighty Roman Army Inside
The Roman army was the largest and
meanest fighting force in the ancient world.
One of the main reasons Rome became so powerful
was because of the strength of its army. It conquered
a vast empire that stretched from Britain all the way
to the Middle East.

The army was very advanced for its time. The

soldiers were the best trained, they had the best
weapons and the best armour. Being a soldier was a
serious business.

When the Romans invaded Britain, their army was

so good that it took on armies 10 times its size and
won!

Artillery
soldiers fired
giant catapults
called
onagers.
These
machines fired
rocks or balls
of burning tar.

See P Learning for a bonus video.

Evidence File
Three Source H: Map of Roman
Outside Territory primary / secondary
In 43CE, the Romans Invaded Britain. The second legion was
sent to the South West, the area around Maiden Castle. This map
shows how much of Britain the romans had conquered in 16 years.

Source I: Roman Historian, Seutonius.

primary / secondary

The only written evidence about what

happened at maiden Castle is this, Seutonius
says:Vespasian, the commander of the second legion,
Fought 30 Battles, conquered two
warlike tribes and captured more
than 20 large settlements
 Evidence
Four
File
Source J: Archaeological report.
Outside
The archaeologists
at Maiden Castle
uncovered 52
skeletons. There
may be more to be
excavated. but only
part of the hill fort
has been
excavated.

- Fourteen of the
skeletons had
wounds made by
weapons.
- Most of the wounds were sword cuts to the skulls.
- One skull had a wound made by a spear.
The Image shows the excavations at Maiden Castle. Note the grid
pattern for excavation or digging.

Source K: Archaeological Report.

primary / secondary

After examining the skeletal A close up of a healed fracture.

Source: London Museum.
remains it was evident that four of
the people lived on for some time
after they were injured.
Archaeologists know this because
the damaged bones had regrown
after the injury. Although we can
not tell exactly how long the
individuals had lived after their
injuries we know it must have
been many weeks or months. That
is how long a bone takes to heal.
 Five
Source L: Archaeological report Outside
primary / secondary

All of the skeletons found at Maiden

Castle were buried with Objects to
take to the next life. These included
legs of meat and tankards of ale,
pots, weapons, beads, rings and
brooches.
A group of iron-
age treasures
buried around AD
50 along with
their owner.

These artefacts
are not from
Maiden Castle.
But they are from
a neighbouring
tribe.

They are useful

to see the types of
artefacts buried
with human
remains.
primary /
secondary

GO TO: Evidence file 5 outside.

See P Learning for the bonus Archaeology
Video.
 Evidence File
- BBC Ancient Cultures THREE
Timeline. Inside
- Voices from an Iron Age
warrior.

See P Learning for a bonus video.

Evidence File
Four
Inside
Play a game:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/
interactive/games/hunt_ancestor/
index_embed.shtml
Write in your notebooks some archaeological
techniques.

 Evidence File
http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/
Five
z8bkwmn
Inside
Read through the website and take notes.
How did Iron Age people live?
Around 800BC people in Britain learned how to use iron. This discovery had a
dramatic impact on everyday life. Iron tools made farming much easier than before
and settlements grew in size.

What was life like in an Iron Age hill fort?

The Britons lived in villages of round houses.
By the end of the Iron Age many people lived in hill forts. The forts were
surrounded by walls and ditches and warriors defended their people from enemy
attacks.

What technology did Iron Age people use?

Iron Age people developed some very useful tools to help them in their daily work.
Make notes from the pictures.

What beliefs did Iron Age people have?