The 3D FEM simulation is static stress with linear material model used about 3 mm bricks and

tetrahedral elements in the general body, whereas it used a refinement region in the crack tip,
with elements of approximately 0.37 mm and 10 mm of radius. The stress intensity factor was
calculated with the fracture analyzer of the program Autodesk Simulation Multiphysics [1].

[1] https://www.autodesk.com/education/free-software/simulation-mechanical.