Marking Scheme (Mathematics XII 2017-18)

Sr. Answer Mark(s)

No.
Section A
1. 1,3 ( x, y) A A : x 3 y 1 ( x, y) A A : y x 2 (1,3),(2, 4) [1]

2. -15 [1]
3. a i , b j . [1]
(or any other correct answer)
4. (1 2) 3 2 3 212 ,1 (2 3) 1 26 264 (1 2) 3 1 (2 3).
2 [1]
Hence, is not associative.
Section B
5. [1]
4sin 1 x sin 1 x
2
1 [1]
3sin 1 x sin 1 x x sin
2 6 6 2
6. 1 [ 1 + ]
3 2 1 3 2 3 2
5 3 9 10 5 3 5 3

1 2 3 2 13 8 []
P
2 1 5 3 1 1
7. 1 []
Let cos1 x . Then x ,1 , 0, , x cos
2 3
The given expression on LHS
cos 3 sin 1 1 [1]
cos 1 cos cos( ) cos cos( )
2 2 3 3

0
3 3 3

RHS
3 []
8. 1 dy 2 [ 1/2 ]
Let y 2 . Then .
x dx x 3
dy 2 [1]
dy ( ) x 2 x 3 0.002 0.0005.
dx 2
[ 1/2 ]
y decreases by 0.0005.
9. (sin x cos x) 2 [ 1/2 ]
1 sin 2 x
e dx e x
x
dx
1 cos 2 x 2 cos 2 x [ 1/2 ]
1 sin x cos x 1
ex ( 2 2
)dx e x (sec x sec x tan x) dx
2 cos x cos x 2
1 x
e sec x c e x ( f ( x) f ( x))dx e x f ( x) c
2 [1]
10. ax 2 by 2 1 2ax 2byy1 0 ax byy1 0 (1) [ 1/2 ]
a b[ yy2 y12 ] 0 a b[ yy2 y12 ] (2)
[1]
Substituting this value, for a in the equation (1), we get,
b[ yy2 y12 ]x byy1 0 x[ yy2 y12 ] yy1 . Hence verified [ 1/2 ]

11. a 2i j k , b i 2 j k , a b 5, b 6. [ 1/2 ]

a b [1]
The required Projection (vector) of a on b 2
b
b
5 [ 1/2 ]
(i 2 j k ).
6
12. P( A B) [1]
P( B / A) P( A B) 0.4 0.6 0.24
P( A)
P( A B) 0.24 3
P ( A / B) [1]
P( B) 0.80 10
Section C
13.
| | | | [2]

( ) .
[ 1]
| |

( ) [1]

14. Since, f is differentiable at 1, f is continuous at 1. Hence,

lim f ( x) lim(2 x 1) 3 [1]
x 1
x 1

lim f ( x) lim(

ax 2 b) a b [ 1/2 ]
x 1 x 1
f(1) = 3
As f is continuous at 1, we have a + b =3 .... (1) [ 1/2 ]
f (1 h) f (1) a(1 h)2 b 3
Lf (1) lim lim [ 1/2 ]
h 0 h h 0 h
a ah 2ah b 3
2
[ 1/2 ]
lim lim (ah 2a) (using (1))
h 0 h h 0

= 2a
f (1 h) f (1) 2(1 h) 1 3 [ 1/2 ]
Rf (1) lim lim 2.
h 0 h h 0 h
As f is differentiable at 1, we have 2 a = 2, i. e., a = 1 and b = 2. [ 1/2 ]
OR
 x sin x
lim f ( x) lim
x 0 x 0 sin(a 1) x
[ 1/2 ]
sin x
1
x 2
lim
x 0 sin( a 1) x
(a 1) a 1 [ 1/2 ]
(a 1) x
esin bx 1
lim f ( x) lim 2
x 0 x 0 bx [ 1/2 ]
e sin bx
1 sin bx
lim 2 2
x 0 sin bx bx
[ 1/2 ]
f(0) = 2.
[ 1/2 ]
For the function to be continuous at 0, we must have lim f ( x) lim f ( x) f (0)
x 0 x 0
2 [ 1/2 ]
i.e., we must have 2 a 0; b may be any real number other than 0.
a 1 [1]
15. 1 2 x 1 1
y log( x ) 2log( ) 2[log( x 1) log x] [1]
x x 2
1 1 1 x 1
y1 2[ ] (1)
x 1 2 x x( x 1) [1]
x( x 1) ( x 1)(2 x 1) x 2 2 x 1
y2 2 [1]
x 2 ( x 1)2 x ( x 1) 2
x 2 2 x 1 2 x ( x 1)( x 1)
x( x 1)2 y2 2 ( x 1)2 y1 (using (1))
x x [1]
x( x 1) y2 ( x 1) y1 2. Hence, proved.
2 2

16. When y = 0, we have (x 1) (x2 + x + 1) (x 2) = 0, i.e., x = 1 or 2. [ 1/2 ]

dy
x 3 1 ( x 2)3 x 2 4 x 3 6 x 2 1 [ 1/2 ]
dx
dy
( )(1,0) 3 [ 1/2 ]
dx
[ 1/2 ]
dy
( )(2,0) 7 .
dx
The required equations of the tangents are y 0 = -3 (x 1) or, y = -3x + 3 [2]
and y 0 = 7(x 2) or, y = 7x 14.
OR
3 4 4 x( x 4) [1]
Domain f = (1, ) f ( x) .
1 x (2 x) (2 x) 2
(1 x)(2 x) 2
f ( x) 0 x 0 [ x 4 as 4 (1, )]. [1]
(ve)(ve)
In (-1, 0), f ( x) ve . Therefore, f is strictly decreasing in (-1, 0]. [1]
(ve)(ve)
In (0, ), f ( x) ve . Therefore, f is strictly increasing in [0, ). [1]
17. We have C ( x) x3 45 x 2 600 x,10 x 20 . For the time being we may assume that
the function C(x) is continuous in [10, 20]. [1]
C ( x) 3x 90 x 600 3( x 10)( x 20)
2

C( x) 0 if x 10 or x 20. But, 10, 20 (10, 20). [1]

Therefore, the maximum or the minimum value will occur at the points.
C(10) 2500, C(20) 2000.
Hence, the person must place the order for 20 trees and the least amount to be spent = Rs [1]
2000.
Value: The person cares for a healthy environment despite being economically [1]
constrained.

18. sec x sin x sin x cos x [1]

1 cos ecx dx cos x(1 sin x) dx (1 sin x) (1 sin x) dx
2

t
dt [sin x t cos xdx dt ]
(1 t ) (1 t )
2

t A B C
t A(1 t )(1 t ) B(1 t ) C (1 t )2
(1 t ) (1 t ) 1 t (1 t ) 1 t
2 2

(an identity)
Put t = -1, - 1 = 2 B, i.e., B = -. Put, t = 1, 1 = 4C, i.e., C = . Put t = 0, 0 = A + B + C, which
1 [ 1+ 1/2 ]
gives A = .
4
1 1 1 1 1 1
Therefore the required integral
4 1 t
dt
2 (1 t ) 2
dt
4 (1 t )
dt

1 1 1 1
log 1 t log 1 t c
4 2 1 t 4
1 1 1 1 [ 1 + 1/2]
log 1 sin x log 1 sin x c
4 2 1 sin x 4
19. The given differential equation is ye y dx ( y3 2 xe y )dy, y(0) 1 [1]
y 2
ye dy dx 2 y
or, or , ( ) x y , which is linear in x.
( y 2 xe ) dx
3 y
dy y e
2
dy 1 [1]
I. F. = e y
e 2 log y
y2
1
y2
Multiplying both sides by the I. F. and integrating, we get, x e y dy [ 1/2 ]
1
x e y c x y 2e y cy 2 (the general solution).
y2 [1]
1
When x = 0, y = 1. 0 e1 c c . Hence, the required particular solution is
e
y 2
[ 1/2 ]
x y 2e y .
e
OR
 y
1 2
dy x 2 y x f ( y ), [1]
The given differential equation is ( x y )dy ( x 2 y )dx or ,
dx x y 1
y x
x
hence, homogeneous. [1]
dy dv dv 1 2v 1 v dx
Put y = v x v x . The equation becomes v x or , 2 dv
dx dx dx 1 v v v 1 x
1 2v 1 3 dx 2v 1 3 2dx
or , 2 dv or , [ 2 ]dv
2 v v 1 x v v 1 v 2 2v ( )2
1 1 3 x
2 2 4
2v 1 3 2dx
Integrating, we get 2 dv dv
v v 1 1 3 x
(v ) 2 ( ) 2
2 2
1
v
3 2 1 2 2log x c
or, log(v 2 v 1) tan
3 3
2 [2 ]
2y x
or, log( y 2 xy x 2 ) 2 3 tan 1 c (the general solution).
3x
20. a (a b c ) a 0 [1]
[1]
a b a c 0 a b c a [ 1/2 ]
b (a b c ) b 0 [ 1/2 ]
b c a b a b b c c a
[ 1/2 ]
a b c a (b c ) a (a b )

0 [As the scalar triple product of three vectors is zero if any two of them are equal.] [ 1/2 ]
21. General point on the first line is ( 2, 2 3, 4 1). [ 1/2 ]
General point on the second line is (2 1,3 2, 4 3). [ 1/2 ]
[ 1/2 ]
Direction ratios of the required line are 3, 2 2, 4 2 .
Direction ratios of the same line may be 2,3 1, 4 2 . [ 1/2 ]
3 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1
Therefore, (1) k ( say)
2 3 1 4 2 2 3 1 2 1
3 2k , 2 2 (3 1)k, 2 1 (2 1)k
3 3
k , 2 2 3 k , 2 1 3 k
2 2
4 4 3 9 3
k 2 9, , which satisfy (1). [1]
2 11
Therefore, the direction ratios of the required line are 6, 20,34 or, 3,10,17 .
[ 1/2 ]
x 1 y 1 z 1
Hence, the required equation of the line is .
3 10 17 [ 1/2 ]
22. Let E1 = Bag I is chosen, E2 = Bag II is chosen, E3 = Bag III is chosen, A = The two balls drawn [1]
from the chosen bag are white and red.
1
P ( E1 ) P ( E2 ) P ( E3 ),
3
1 3 2 1 4 2 [2]
P( A | E1 ) 2, P( A | E2 ) 2, P( A | E3 ) 2 .
6 6 4 4 9 9
By Bayess Theorem, the required probability =
1 4 2
2
P( E3 ) P( A | E3 ) 3 9 9 64
P( E3 | A) 3 . [1]
1 1 3 1 2 1 1 4 2
199
P( Ei ) P( A | Ei ) 2 2 2
i 1 3 6 6 3 4 4 3 9 9
23. Let X denotes the random variable. Then X = 0, 1, 2.
16
c 60 4
c 16 c 32 4
c 3
P( X 0) 20 2 , P( X 1) 120 1 , P( X 2) 20 2 . [ 1 + 1/2]
c2 95 c2 95 c2 95

xi pi xipi xi2pi [ 1/2 ]

0 60/95 0 0

1 32/95 32/95 32/95

2 3/95 6/95 12/95

total 38/95 44/95

3
38 2
Mean = x p
i 1
i i
95 5 [ 1/2 ]

3 3
44 4 144
Variance = xi 2 pi ( xi pi )2
i 1 i 1

95 25 475
. [ 1 +1/2 ]

Section D
24. f g : defined by f g ( x) f ( g ( x)) f ( x3 5) 2( x3 5) 3 2 x3 7 [1]
Let x1 , x2 ( D f g ) such that
f g ( x1 ) f g ( x2 ) 2 x13 7 2 x23 7 x13 x23 x1 x2 . Hence, f g is one- [1]
one.
Let y (Codomain f g ). Then for any x f g (x) = y if 2 x3 + 7 = y, i.e., if, 2 x3 = y 7, i.e., x
y7 y7 [2]
= 3 , which ( D f g ). Hence, for every y (Codomain f g ), 3 (D f g )
2 2
y7
such that f g( 3 ) y. Hence,
2
f g is onto.
Since, f g is both one-one and onto, it is invertible. [ 1/2 ]
 x7
( f g )1 : defined by ( f g ) 1 ( x) 3
[1]
2
97 [ 1/2 ]
( f g ) 1 (9) 3 1.
2
OR
Let a, b such that a = 0, b 0.
[1]
Then a b a b 0 b b, b a b,a b b a
Let a, b such that a 0, b = 0. [1]
Then a b a, b a b a 0 a a,a b b a
[1]
Let a, b such that a = 0, b = 0. Then a b a 0, b a b 0, a b b a .
Now we need to check whether is commutative. One more case is needed to be
examined. Let a, b such that a 0, b 0. Then a b a b, b a b a and a b
may not be equal to b a , e.g., (-1) 2=3, 2 (-1) = 1, hence, (-1) 2 2 (-1). Thus is
not commutative. [1]
The element e will be the identity element for if a e = e a = a for all a .
a e a provided e = 0 and e a a provided e = 0 (As 0 0 0 and 0 a 0 a a for
[2]
a 0). Hence, 0 is the identity element for .
25. A 3(3 6) (2)(12 14) 1(12 7) 62 0 . [1]

Hence, A1 exists. Let cij represent the cofactor of (i, j)th element of A. Then,
c11 3, c12 26, c13 19, c21 9, c22 16, c23 5, c31 5, c32 2, c33 11.
3 9 5

adjA = 26 16 2


19 5 11
3 9 5 [2]
A1
1 26 16 2
62
19 5 11
The given system of equations is equivalent to the matrix equation
x 14
AX B, where X y , B 4 .

z 0
X ( A) B ( A )B
1 1
[ 1]
3 26 19 14 62 1
1 1
9 16 5 4 62 1 Hence, x = 1, y = 1, z = 1
62 62
5 2 11 0 62 1 [2]
OR
 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 1 0 A 2 1 1 1 0 0 A ( R1 R2 )

[1]
0 2 1 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 1 2 0 A ( R2 R2 2 R1 ) [1]
0 2 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 1 2 0 A ( R3 R3 2 R2 ) [1]
0 0 1 2 4 1
1 0 0 2 3 1
0 1 0 1 2 1 A ( R2 R2 R3 , R1 R1 R3 ) [1]
0 0 1 2 4 1
2 3 1 [1]
A 1 2 1
1

2 4 1
2 3 1
X 1 0 1 A 1 0 1 1 2 1 0 1 0
1
[1]
2 4 1
26. x2 , x 0
yx x 2 . [1]
x , x 0
Solving y x 2 , x 2 y 2 2 simultaneously, y y 2 2 0 ( y 2)( y 1) 0 y 1
( y x 2 lies in quadrant I).
[1/2]
x 1

[1]

1
The required area = the shaded area = (
0
2 x 2 x 2 )dx [2]

1 x 1 1 31 1
[ x 2 x 2 2sin 1 ]0 [ x ]0 ( ) sq units. [ 1+1/2 ]
2 2 3 6 4
27.
4
x 4
1
The given definite integral = I = 2 cos 2 x
dx
4 2 cos 2 x dx

4 4
x x
f ( x) , f ( x) f ( x).
2 cos 2 x 2 cos 2 x

4
x [1]
Hence, f is odd. Therefore, 2 cos 2 x dx 0

4
1 1
g ( x) , g ( x) g ( x).
2 cos 2 x 2 cos 2 x

4 4
1 1
Hence, g is even. Thus 2 cos 2 x
dx 2
2 cos 2 x
dx.
0 [1]
4

4
1 4 1
Hence, I =
2 0 2 cos 2 x
dx
2 0 1 2sin 2 x
dx

4
sec2 x 4 sec2 x 1
1
dx dx dt [tan x t sec2 xdx dt ]
2 0 1 tan x 2 tan x
2 2
2 0 1 3 tan x
2
2 0 1 3 t2
[2]
1 1
1
3
dt 3[tan 1 3t ]10
2 1 2 2 6
) t0 (
3
3 2 [2]
3[ ]
6 3 18
OR
Let f(x) = 3x2 2x + 4. Then the given definite integral =
2 n

f ( x)dx lim h f (2 rh), where nh 4. [1]

n
2 r 1
h 0

f (2 rh) 3(2 rh)2 2(2 rh) 4 3r 2 h 2 14rh 20

n n n
n(n 1)(2n 1) n(n 1) [1]
f (2 rh) 3h r
r 1
2

r 1
2
14h r 20n 3h 2
r 1 6
14h
2
20n
[ 2 + 1/2]
n(n 1)(2n 1) n(n 1)
2

f ( x)dx lim h[3h 14h 20n]

2
n 6 2
2
h 0

nh(nh h)(2nh h) nh(nh h)

lim[3 14 20nh]
n 6 2
h 0

4(4 h)(8 h)
lim[ 7 4(4 h) 20 4] 32
h 0 2 [ 1 + 1/2]
28. x 1 y 2 z 1 [1]
The general point on the given line
1 3 9
is ( 1,3 2, 9 1). [1]
The direction ratios of the line parallel to the plane x y +2 z -3 =0 intersecting the given line
[1]
and passing through the point (-2, 3, -4) are 3,3 1, 9 3
1 [1]
and ( 3)1 (3 1)( 1) ( 9 3)2 0 .
2
3 7 11 [1]
The point of intersection is ( , , ).
2 2 2
3 7 11 59 [1]
The required distance = ( 2) ( 3) ( 4) 2
2 2
unit.
2 2 2 2
29. Let x = the number of units of Product 1 to be produced daily
y = the number of units of Product 2 to be produced daily
[1]
To maximize P = (9 1.2)x + (8 0.9)y = 7.8x + 7.1y
subject to the constraints:
x y x y
90, or 3 x 4 y 1080, 80, or 3 x 8 y 1920, x 200, x 0, y 0.
4 3 8 3 [2]

[2]

At the point P
(0, 0) 0
(200, 120) 2412
(0, 240) 1704
(200, 0) 1560
(80, 210) 2115 [1]
The maximum profit = Rs. 2412.