HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)

1) A house contains air at 25 C and 65% relative humidity. Will any moisture condense on the windows if the
temperature of the windows drops below 10 C? You must explain your answer physically and justify your
answer using physical properties of the contents of air.

2) You are required to heat cold outside air at 4 C and =90 to 25 C. The air handlers inlet volume flow rate
is 3.25 m3/s.
What is the required heating load (kW)?
If our skin dries out when the relative humidity of air at 25 C is below 50%, will we need to humidify the
air in the room?

3) To condition very humid hot air- we must to not only lower the temperature, but also lower the relative
humidity. In a very humid hot environment, in order to remove excess relative humidity from the air we
must cool the in air (at the coils) BELOW the target temperature (the air temperature in the room).
Consider really hot warm air at 32 C and =90%. Your dehumidification cooling system (air
conditioner) will not only cool the air, but also remove excess moisture from the air top reach a target
temperature and relative humidity of 24C and =60.
The air conditioner inlet average air velocity is 15 m/s in a square duct that has sides of 0.5m length.
What is the rate of water removed from the air (kg/s)?
What is the air conditioner cooling load (kW)?
Note: to reach the final humidity in the room, you will actually have to cool the air below 24C!!!
Sketch the process on a psychrometric chart (if you use equations, show the process path on a hand drawn sketch)
Make sure to sketch and label your system.
If you use psychrometric charts, provide these with your solution ( a new chart for each problem)
 HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)

1) A house contains air at 25 C and 65% relative humidity. Will any moisture condense on the windows if the
temperature of the windows drops below 10 C? You must explain your answer physically and justify your
answer using physical properties of the contents of air.

1) SOL A house contains air at a specified temperature and relative humidity. It is to be determined whether any moisture
will condense on the inner surfaces of the windows when the temperature of the window drops to a specified value.
Assumptions The air and the water vapor are ideal gases.
Analysis The vapor pressure Pv is uniform throughout the house, and its
value can be determined from
25C
Pv Pg @ 25C (0.65)(3.1698 kPa) 2.06 kPa
= 65%
The dew-point temperature of the air in the house is
10C
Tdp Tsat @ Pv Tsat @ 2.06kPa 18.0C
That is, the moisture in the house air will start condensing when the temperature drops below 18.0C. Since the windows
are at a lower temperature than the dew-point temperature, some moisture will condense on the window surfaces.
 HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)

2) You are required to heat cold outside air at 4 C and =90 to 25 C. The air handlers inlet volume flow rate
is 3.25 m3/s.
What is the required heating load (kW)?
If our skin dries out when the relative humidity of air at 25 C is below 50%, will we need to humidify the
air in the room?

Assume: Steady, Negligible KE& PE; No Heat Transfer through the duct walls; State of the air is
uniform at any cross section

Sketch:

Q (IN OR OUT)

1 2
h1, T1, 1 h2, T2, 2

From Psuchrometric Chart (Attatched) we can show:

STATE 1: T1=4C, =90
h1=15.4kJ/kgDA
1=0.00453 kgH2O/kgDA
v1=0.791 m3/kgDA

State 2 T2=15
Consider that no humidification occurs:
2=1=0.00453 kgH2O/kgDA
so from Psych Chart:
h2=36.7
=0.23

From Conservation of Energy:

Q mDA h2 h1
To evaluate mass flow rate dry air:

mDA 1 =4.2kg/s
v1
so that
Q =89.6kW

This WILL require humidification: the outlet relative humidity is too low!
HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)
 HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)

4) To condition very humid hot air- we must to not only lower the temperature, but also lower the relative
humidity. In a very humid hot environment, in order to remove excess relative humidity from the air we
must cool the in air (at the coils) BELOW the target temperature (the air temperature in the room).
Consider really hot warm air at 32 C and =90%. Your dehumidification cooling system (air
conditioner) will not only cool the air, but also remove excess moisture from the air top reach a target
temperature and relative humidity of 24C and =60.
The air conditioner inlet average air velocity is 15 m/s in a square duct that has sides of 0.5m length.
What is the rate of water removed from the air (kg/s)?
What is the air conditioner cooling load (kW)?
Note: to reach the final humidity in the room, you will actually have to cool the air below 24C!!!

FIND:
What is the air conditioner cooling load (kW)?
What is the mass flow rate of water that is condensed out of the air?
Known:
Air is cooled and dehumidified from 32C and =90% to T=24 and =60%
Air velocity: 15m/s in an area of 0.25m2
Assume:
Steady, Water that condenses leaves at T2 (same as air leaving coils); No heat transfer across
duct between state 1 and 2. There is hear transfer across the duct between 2 and 3.

Sketch

Q (OUT)

1\
3
T1=32C 2
3=60
1=60 2=1
h1=? T2 =24
h2=? h3=?
1=? T2=? 3=?
2=?

Condensed Fluid leaving

mC
TC=T2 Q 2-3 IN
hC=hf H2O @ T=T2

NOTE:
To find T2, we must have a look at the final state (state 3): from this we will find the final specific humidity.
Can you explain why 2=3?
can you explain why 2=1? If we know 2 and 2 we can find h2. Note that it is h2 that we need to find the cooling NOT h3..
WHY???

Mass balance of dry air:

mDA1 mDA2 mDA
Mass balance of water vapor:
IN m
m OUT
mH 2O1 mH 2O 2 mC
mC mH 2O1 mH 2O 2 mDA 1 2 : NOTE that 2=3
 HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)

Energy Balance on region between 1 and 2

E IN E OUT
mDA h1 mDA h2 mC h f QOUT
QOUT mDA h1 h2 mDA 1 2 hC

Properites:
Using psychometric chart:
T1=32C,
h1= 102.5 kJ/kgDRYAIR
1=0.0275 kgH2O/kgDRYAIR
v1=0.9 m3/ kgDRYAIR

To find T2, we must have a look at the final state to find the final specific humidity.

and =60%
State 3 is T=24
From the Chart we can show that:
3=0.0112kgH2O/kgDRYAIR

We can see that the only way for us to approach the final state is by cooling until specific humidity reaches this value. And at that
point we will still be on the one hundred percent relative humidity line (see sketch attached) 2=1
know that 2=1 and 2= 3=0.0112kgH2O/kgDRYAIR

From Chart we can show that:

h2= 44.2 kJ/kgDRYAIR
T2=15.8C

Using Tables hC= 67 kJ/kgH2O

f m
m
To find a 1 2 , need air mass flow rate-> we assumed that negligible volume taken up by vapor and approximate
a
NEED m
By definition of volume flow rate:

V A V 0.025m 2 15m / s 3.75m3 / s
/v
a V
m
3.75m3 / s
ma 4.155kg DRYAIR / s
0.9m3 / kg DRYAIR
m f ma 1 2 4.16kg DRYAIR / s 0.0275 .0112 kg H 2O / kg DRYAIR
=0.068kgH2O/s
QOUT mDA h1 h2 mDA 1 2 hC
QOUT 4.16kg DRYAIR / s 102.5kJ / kg DRYAIR 44.2kJ / kg DRYAIR 0.0275 .0112 kg H 2O / kg DRYAIR 67kJ / kg H 2O
QOUT=237kW
HW5 Due Weds 12 Sept (1pm)