GEOGRAPHY - The study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human

activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources,
land use, and industries.

IMPORTANT OF GEOGRAPHY - Geography is a focus within the curriculum for understanding and
resolving issues about the environment and sustainable development. It is also an important link
between the natural and social sciences. As pupils study geography, they encounter different societies
and cultures.

WHAT IS HUMAN AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY - Luckily, geography is split into two main areas
that make it easier to wrap your head around. Physical geography looks at the natural processes of the
Earth, such as climate and plate tectonics. Human geography looks at the impact and behaviour of
people and how they relate to the physical world.

Some examples of human geography include cultural landscapes and phenomena, such as
language, music and art. Other things that are studied under human geography include economic
systems, governmental structures and the study of globalization.

MAPS AND GLOBE

WHAT IS A GLOBE - globe is a three-dimensional, spherical, scale model of Earth (terrestrial

globe or geographical globe) or other celestial body such as a planet or moon. ... The word globe
comes from the Latin word globus, meaning round mass or sphere.

WHAT IS MAP - a representation, usually on a flat surface, as of the features of an area of the
earth or a portion of the heavens, showing them in their respective forms, sizes, and relationships

Both a map and a globe are pictures of a real place - the Earth (or part of it).

They often use similar colors and symbols, as you see if you compare the map below to the
globe above:

There are other ways that maps and globes are similar:
 Neither one can represent everything on Earth, so they must limit themselves as to what they
focus on. The above images focus on political divisions of the world. Topological maps and globes, for
example, look quite different.

The standard symbols of cartography (map-making) are used on both maps and globes.

There are really only three differences between maps and globes:

A globe is a representation of the entire Earth. A map may be a world map also, but we also
have maps of smaller parts of the Earth. (We can also have globes and maps of planets and stars and
such. A 3d representation of outer space is called an orrery.

Maps, being flat, distort distances over large areas. The actual Earth is pretty close to being a
sphere, so projecting that sphere onto a flat surface means that not all parts of the map represent
distances and areas accurately.

Most of the time, it is hard to fold up a globe to put in a purse, pocket, or glove compartment. If
you want to do that, get a globe like this one:

CLIMATE AND WEATHER

Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place over a short period of time,
whereas climate refers to the weather pattern of a place over a long period, long enough to yield
meaningful averages. Meteorology studies weather, while climatology studies climate; both are
atmospheric sciences.

What described weather - Humidity, air temperature and pressure, wind speed and direction,
cloud cover and type, and the amount and form of precipitation are all atmospheric characteristics of
the momentary conditions we call weather. The sun is ultimately responsible for the weather.

What described Climate -Climate is the statistics of weather, usually over a 30-year interval. It is
measured by assessing the patterns of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind,
precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long
periods of time. Temperature is a very important factor in determining the weather because it
influences or controls other elements of the weather, such as precipitation, humidity, clouds and
atmospheric pressure. Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere.

Importance of weather and Climate - There is increasing recognition that climate has a central
role in global economic and social sectors. Climate directly affects the prosperity within of many sectors,
such as insurance, agriculture, energy and health. ... Societies have evolved by managing and adapting
to climate and its impacts. There are several elements that make up the weather and climate of a place.
The major of these elements are the following: temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, and
precipitation. Analysis of these elements can provide the basis for forecasting weather and defining its
climate.

Latitude and longitude

Latitude is an angle (defined below) which ranges from 0 at the Equator to 90 (North or South)
at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run eastwest as circles parallel to the equator.
Latitude is used together with longitude to specify the precise location of features on the surface of the
Earth. Latitude is distance north or south of the equator (an imaginary circle around the Earth halfway
between the North Pole and the South Pole) and longitude is distance east or west of the prime
meridian (an imaginary line running from north to south through Greenwich, England).

The poles are the natural starting place for the graticule, a spherical grid of latitude and
longitude lines. Lines of longitude, called meridians, run in a north-south direction from pole to pole.
Longitude is the angular measurement of a place east or west of the prime meridian.

The primary unit in which longitude and latitude are given is degrees (). There are 360 of
longitude (180 E 180 W) and 180 of latitude (90 N 90 S). Each degree can be broken into 60
minutes ('). Each minute can be divided into 60 seconds

EQUADOR AND MERIDIAN

The Equator separates the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The Equator is at 0 latitude.
The Prime Meridian separates the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. The Prime Meridian runs through
Greenwich, England and is at 0 longitude.

What are the meridian of longitude - Latitude is a measure of how far north or south
somewhere is from the Equator; longitude is a measure of how far east or west it is from the Prime
Meridian. Whilst lines (or parallels) of latitude all run parallel to the Equator, lines (or meridians) of
longitude all converge at the Earth's North and South Poles.