APA

Format 6 Edi/on
th

Abdu Rahim Kamil

December 13th 2016

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 General APA Format
Typed, double spaced; do not use extra
spaces between paragraphs; 8.5 X 11
paper or A4 in NCKU.
1 (2,54 cm) margins all around
Times New Roman 12 point font
LeS jus/ed
Four sec/ons of paper/tle page,
abstract, main body, references
Use of headings

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 General APA Format
Beginning of each paragraph indented 5 characters (1/2
inch)
Running head designa/on in the upper leS hand
corner on /tle page followed by colon, followed by an
abbreviated version of your /tle in ALL CAPS (this is the
actual running head). Only for when submi\ng, not
for thesis.
The running head is to be no more than 50 characters
On subsequent pages, only the running head in all caps
appears in the upper leS corner, ush leS (remove
Running head and colon)
Numberingpages are numbered consecu/vely
throughout your paper star/ng with 1 on the lower
middle part of the paper.

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 Title Page
1. Title: A concise statement of the main topic of your paper
iden/fying the variables or theore/cal issues under
inves/ga/on; centered, uppercase and lowercase le`ers,
posi/oned in the upper half of the page
2. Authors name: The preferred form is rst name, middle
ini/al(s), and last name; centered, double-spaced below /tle
3. Ins/tu/onal alia/on: Iden/es the loca/on where the author
or authors were when the research was conducted; centered,
double-spaced below authors name
4. Running head designa/on and running head: The running head
designa/on is simply Running head:; the running head is an
abbreviated version of your /tle, no more than 50 characters, in
all capital le`ers. Upper leS-hand corner of /tle page, ush leS
5. Page Number: Page numbering on the lower middle part.

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 Abstract
Do NOT include Running head:
Abstract: centered, at the top of the page.
Write a 150 to 250 word summary of the
paper.
Here, using points. Background, purpose,
methods, and expected result.


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Main Body
Aim for smooth, clear and logical communica/on,
use proper grammar. Tips: Ask someone to read it,
and give comments, also ask their understanding.
Say only what needs to be said
It is generally useful to organize your manuscript
with headings.
Headings also help to track the development of
your paper. APA uses ve levels of headings.
Paraphrasing is more desirable than direct
quota/ons

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 Main Body
Type and center the /tle of the paper at the top of
the page
Type the text double-spaced with all sec/ons
following each other without a break
Here in NCKU, use break aSer sec/ons.
Use numerals to express numbers 10 and above. Use
words to express numerals below 10 and when
beginning a sentence:
Forty students improved, three did not improve, and
25 remained unchanged.
In 125 students observed, 80 improved, ve did not
improve, and 40 remained the same.

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 In Text Cita/ons
Follow the author-date method of in-text cita/on:
The authors last name and year of publica/on
should appear in text, and a complete reference
should appear in the reference list at the end of
the paper
Always capitalize proper nouns, including author
names
ASer a colon or dash in the /tle, capitalize the rst
word
Use italics for the /tles of books, periodicals, lms,
videos, TV shows, and microlms publica/ons
(within text).

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 In Text Cita/ons
One work, one author:
Johnson (2010) found that locus of control
Student reten/on at doctoral level ins/tu/ons (Jones, 2008)

One work by two authors: Cite both names every /me the reference occurs in
the text:
Smith and Jones (2008) reported that
Epidemiological samples were found to be consistent (Packer & Rupert, 2004).

When a work has three, four, or ve authors, cite all authors the rst /me the
reference occurs; in subsequent cita/ons, include only the surname of the rst
author followed by et al. and the year:
Hall, Parker, and Paul (2010) found that
Hall et al. (2010) found that

When a work has six or more authors, cite only the surname of the rst author
followed by et al. and the year. In the reference list, include all authors.

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 In Text Cita/ons
Two or more works with the same parentheses:
Order the cita/ons alphabe/cally in the same order
they appear in the reference list, separated by a
semicolon:
Several studies (Smith & Reed, 2003; Walter, 2004)
showed that
Secondary sources: Use secondary sources sparingly
(e.g. when the original work is out of print or not
available in English). Give the secondary source in
the reference list. In text, name the original work and
give a cita/on for the secondary source:
Murphys diary (as cited in Forman, 2002), revealed
But always use original source for thesis.

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 In-Text Cita/on
When citing authors with the same last names, use first initials with
the last names.
(B. Kachru, 2005; Y. Kachru, 2008)

When citing two or more works by the same author and published in
the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) after the year of
publication to order the references.

Smiths (1998a) study of adolescent immigrants

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 APA uses a system of five heading levels

APA Headings
Level Format
1 Centered, Boldfaced, Upper & Lowercase Headings
2 LeS-aligned, Boldface, Upper & Lowercase Headings
3 Indented, boldface, lowercase heading with a period.
4 Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase heading with period.
5 Indented, italicized, lowercase heading with a period.

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An example of the five-level heading system:

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 TABLE
The label and title appear on separate lines above the table, flush-left and single-spaced.

Cite a source in a note below the table.

Table 1

Internet users in Europe

Country Regular Users
France 9 ml

Note: The data are adapted from The European Union and Russia (2007).
Retrieved from http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu

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Figures

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 Reference List
In the back of the paper, on a separate page
/tled References (NOT Works Cited,
Bibliography), list all the sources cited and
quoted in the paper
Make sure you list ALL your sources referred
to in the body of the paper
All references listed alphabe/cally, by rst
author

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 Reference List
The /tle of a journal ar/cle is not capitalized
(except the rst word and any word aSer a colon)
or italicized; the full name of the journal IS
italicized and uppercase/lowercase
The volume number IS italicized
The name of a book is italicized and not
capitalized (except the rst word and any word
aSer a colon)

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 Reference List
One author entries by the same author are
arranged by year of publica/on, earliest rst:
Jones, C. (2002).
Jones, C. (2008).

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 Reference ListDOI
Digital object iden/ers
Developed by a group of interna/onal publishers
Provides a means of persistent iden/ca/on for
managing informa/on on digital networks (see
h`p://www.doi.org/).
The DOI is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to
iden/fy content and provide a persistent link to its
loca/on on the Internet

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 DOI
All DOI numbers begin with 10 and contain a
prex and a sux separated by a slash
The APA manual recommends that when DOI
numbers are available, use them in the
reference list.

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 ALWAYS BE PRECISE!
3R

REPUTATION, RESPONSIBILITY,
REPLICATION

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