Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The building is located along Kenyatta Avenue in Nairobi County. The 17 storey building
was designed in 1978 by Richard Hughes and Partners (Project Architects), East African
Engineering Consultants (Project Civil, Structural, and Electrical & Mechanical Engineers)
and Davson& Ward (Project Quantity Surveyors). The building construction commenced in
1979 and was completed in 1982. The building has been in existence for 31 years.
1.3 Methodology
The consultant undertook the following measures to enable structural integrity assessment of
the building;
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The consultant carried out a detailed visual inspection of the building to confirm whether the
different structural members conform to serviceability requirements as per BS 8110:1997
which include;
Effects of deflection due to vertical loading
Effects due to wind and earthquake loading considering Nairobi experienced earth
tremors in 2006.
Cracking
Vibrations
Durability of concrete
Signs of fatigue
Fire resistance
The visual inspection was conducted on the building on the following structural members;
Basement-foundation
Lower basement-slab, beams and columns
Ground Floor-slab, column and beams
Typical floors (7th, 13th and 17th )-slab, beams, columns
Shear walls, lift shaft walls, retaining walls, staircase and ramp
None of the inspected structural members showed any sign of failure as no cracks,
deflections, buckling or leakages were visible.
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Table 2.1: Non-destructive tests locations
Level Structural Description Tests
Member
Typical Floor slab 3No. 3
Beams 2 Beams @ 4 8
locations=4No.
Columns 2 Columns on different 6
wings and in opposite
direction @ 3 floors i.e
2 x 3=6No.
Shear wall 2 walls @ 7th floor 2
i.e2No.
Lift Shaft Wall 1 wall @ 7th floor 1
i.e1No.
Staircase 1 at mid-span i.e1 No. 1
Ground Floor Roof Slab 2 No. 2
Column 2 columns from typical 3
floor i.e 2 x 1=2No. + 1
column from roof slab
i.e 1x1=1No.
Beams 2 beams from typical 6
+1additional beam, i.e
3x2=6No.
Lower basement Suspended slab 3No. 3
Beams 2 beams from typical 6
+1additional beam, i.e
3x2=6No.
Columns 2 columns from typical 3
floor i.e 2 x 1=2No. + 1
column from roof slab
i.e 1x1=1No.
Basement Foundation 2No. 2
Others Retaining Wall 2No. 2
Ramp 2No. 2
TOTAL 50 No. test
Locations
The results of these tests are in appendix 4.1 while a comprehensive engineering
interpretation and analysis is presented in 2.4.
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As-built structural drawings were forwarded to the consultant on 23rd April 2013. The
consultant requested for 66 drawings as attached in appendix 4.2 list for study. The drawings
were for basement, lower basement, ground floor, mezzanine, first floor and typical floor
layouts and reinforced concrete details. Other drawings were for beams, slabs, lift shaft walls,
staircase, shear wall, ramp, columns and retaining walls. The drawings were found to be
professionally drafted.
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(13th Floor) Rebar 4Y25+4Y20 4Y25+4Y20
Cover Varies 25-46mm 40mm
Concrete 40.7N/mm2 30N/mm2
Strength
Colum C1 Size 1600 x 1600mm hexagon 1600 x 1600mm hexagon Ok
th
(17 Floor) Rebar 8Y16 8Y16
Cover Varies 13-43mm 40mm
Concrete 32.3N/mm2 25N/mm2
Strength
Beam-B1 Size 550 x 700mm 550 x 700mm Ok
(Mid-span- Rebar 4Y25 4Y25
bottom- Cover 25mm 25mm
lower Concrete 60.1N/mm2 40N/mm2
basement) Strength
Beam-B2 Size 550 x 700mm 550 x 700mm Ok
(Mid-span- Rebar 4Y25 4Y25
bottom- Cover 25mm 25mm
lower Concrete 53.8N/mm2 40N/mm2
basement) Strength
Retaining Size 250mm 250mm Ok
Wall Rebar Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF
(Lower Cover 30mm 30mm
basement) Concrete 56.5N/mm2 40N/mm2
Strength
Ramp Size 250mm 250mm Ok
(Lower Rebar Y16@200NF/FF,Y16@200NF/FF Y16@200NF/FF,Y16@200NF/FF
basement) Cover 30mm 20mm
Concrete 58.1N/mm2 40N/mm2
Strength
Staircase 1 Size 200mm 200mm Ok
(mezzanine) Rebar Y12@200B1/B2 Y12@200B1/B2
Cover 45mm 20mm
Concrete 40.6N/mm2 25N/mm2
Strength
Shear Wall Size 250mm 250mm Ok
1 Rebar Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF
(Mezzanine) Cover 45mm 25mm
Concrete 44.1N/mm2 25N/mm2
Strength
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Wall (13th Rebar Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF Y16@200NF/FF,Y12@200NF/FF
floor) Cover 45mm 25mm
Concrete 44.1N/mm2 25N/mm2
Strength
Land - - 650,000,000
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The consultant has undertaken visual and physical measurements, non-destructive testing,
studied as-built structural drawings and undertaken comparative structural analysis and
interpretation. The consultant is therefore able to conclude that;
The building structure was constructed as per the as-built structural drawings
The building structure can withstand vertical loading and horizontal loadings
(nominal, wind and seismic loads) as per the frame and shear walls provided.
The building is stable, safe, serviceable and durable
4.0 APPENDICES
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4.1 Non-Destructive Tests Report
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4.2 As-Built Structural Drawings List
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