Nguyn Minh Chu- 12 L Bi thi gii ton Vt l qua mng k III t 1

BI THI GII TON VT L QUA MNG K III T 1

NGUYN MINH CHU-12 L

Bi I-10:
Do tnh i xng nn qu o bay ca xe mt t cao cc
i v tr chnh gia tng thnh (theo phng ngang).
Gi s qu o ca xe nh hnh v. Gi cc vn tc v gc nh
hnh, vi vo l vn tc khi vt va ri vn nhy.
Ta c: d = v1.cos b .t (1)
Mt khc, theo phng thng ng, ban u xe c vn tc
v1.sin, lc sau xe c vn tc l -v1.sin. Nn
2v .sin b
t= 1 (2)
g
v12 .sin 2 b gd
Thay (2) vo (1), ta c: d = v12 =
g sin 2b
mvo2 mv 2
p dng nh lut bo ton nng lng: + mgh = 1 + mgH vo2 = v12 + 2 g ( H - h )
2 2
p
vo min v1min sin 2b = 1 b =
4
Khi : v12 min = gd
Vn tc nh nht xe c th bay qua thnh l: vo = gd + 2 g ( H - h ) = g ( 2 H + d - 2h )
2

Gc lch ban u gia vo vi phng ngang l:

v cosb d d
v1cosb = vo cosa cosa = 1 = a = arccos
vo 4 ( H - h ) + 2d 4 ( H - h ) + 2d
S d chn nghim nh vy v 0 90o. Suy ra:
d 4 ( H - h) + d
cosa = sin a =
4 ( H - h ) + 2d 4 ( H - h ) + 2d

4d ( H - h ) + d 2
sin 2a = 2sin a .cosa = 2
4 ( H - h ) + 2d
Khong cch a t ch nhy n tng l:
v sin b - vo .sin a v12 sin 2 b - vo2 sin 2a
a = v1cosb .t = v1cosb 1 =
g 2g
v12 vo2 4d ( H - h ) + d 2 d - 4d ( H - h ) + d 2
a = - =
2g g 4 ( H - h ) + 2d 2

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 Nguyn Minh Chu- 12 L Bi thi gii ton Vt l qua mng k III t 1
Bi I-11:
Ban u khi tm c vn tc l vo/2. Do h khng chu tc
dng ca lc no theo phng ngang nn khi tm chuyn
ng chm dn u theo phng thng ng vi gia tc l g.
Chn h trc ta nh hnh, vi O l v tr ban u ca
khi tm.
Khi tm ch chuyn ng theo trc Oy. Gi s iu kin
bi ton c tha mn th vt di ch chuyn ng theo
phng Ox. Ta ca vt trn theo 2 trc l:
l
x = cosq ; y = l.sin q
2
Rt sin v cos t 2 phng trnh ri bnh phng ln,
ta c:
x2 y2
2
+ 2 =1
l l

2
Phng trnh ny chng t vt pha trn chuyn ng trn cung elip c
bn trc ln l l v bn trc nh l l/2.
By gi ta xt lc dy thng ng, lc cng dy cc i.
Do khi tm ca h chuyn ng theo phng thng ng nn v1 = v2
Theo nh lut bo ton nng lng:
mvo2 mv12 vo2
=2 + mgl v1 = - gl
2

2 2 2
Ti v tr cao nht, lc cng dy T v trng lc ng vai tr l lc hng tm ca chuyn
mv12 mv 2
ng: T + mg = T = 1 - mg (1), vi r l bn knh cong ti im cao nht.
r r
p dng cng thc bn knh cong ca elip, ta c: (im ang xt l im cc vin):
2
l
l
2
r = =
l 4
vo2
4m - gl
Th li vo (1): 2 2mvo2
T= - mg = - 5mg
l l
Si dy lun cng v vt di ch chuyn ng theo phng ngang nu 0 T mg
2mvo2 5
0 - 5mg mg gl vo2 3gl
l 2

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 Nguyn Minh Chu- 12 L Bi thi gii ton Vt l qua mng k III t 1
Bi I-12:

a)

uuuur uuuu
r
Khi uMN ng pha vi uAB th U MN Z Z U AB
T gin vect, ta c:
U R2 .U C U R1.U L
= U R2 .U C = U R1.U L I 22 .R2 Z C = I12 .R1Z L (1)
U AB U AB
I12 R22 + Z C2
Li c: I1 R12 + Z L2 = I 2 R22 + Z C2 = (2)
I 22 R12 + Z L2
T (1) v (2), ta c: ( R1 = R2 = R )
R22 + Z C2 R2 ZC 1 1
= w L = ( R 2 + w 2 L2 )
R 2 + 2 2
R1 + Z L R1Z L
2 2
wC wC
1 w 1
wL = f = =
wC 2p 2p LC
b) Mt khc, s dng thm 2 gin v ring cho on mch RC v RL, ta c:
U 2R 2 - U L2 I 22 R 2 - I12 Z L2 R2 Z L2
U MN = U R 2 .cosb - U L .sin a = = = U AB 2 - 2 2
R + Z c R + Z L
2
U AB U MN
T kt qu cu a, ta thy ZL = ZC, nn
R 2 - Z L2 R 2 - w 2 L2 R 2C - L
U MN = U AB 2 = U AB . 2 U MN = U AB 2
R + Z L2 R + w 2 L2 R C+L

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 Nguyn Minh Chu- 12 L Bi thi gii ton Vt l qua mng k III t 1

Bi I-13:
Trn mn thu c vt sng A r l do tia phi x
ngay ti mt nc ban u. Mt phn ca tia sng i
vo trong mi trng nc v b phn x y, ln
gp mt nc th mt phn b khc x, mt phn phn
x tr li. Phn khc x ra ngoi gy ra vt sng tip
theo. D thy vt sng ny m hn vt sng ban u.
C nh vy cho n khi xy ra hin tng phn x
ton phn trn mt nc th khng cn vt sng tip na.
Di y, ta ch quan tm nhng tia b khc x
(nhng tia mu ).
Khi tia sng chiu ti mt nc vi gc ti l i th
gc khc x s l r. Vi d kin cho l i = 60 o v
chit sut ca nc l 4/3 th gc r = 40,5o.
Khi chu nc t nghing mt gc th gc ti m
tia khc x vo mt nc hp vi i1. Ta c:
i1 = r + a
Tia sng sau khi phn x trn gng phng s ti
mt nc vi gc ti r1. Ta c:
r1 = i1 + a = r + 2a
Tip tc tng t, ta s c: i2 = r1 + a = r + 3a ; r2 = i2 + a = r + 4a ;...
Tng qut ln, ta thy, gc ti ca tia sng i ti mt nc sau khi phn x trn gng
th n s l: rn = r + 2n.a
Vt sng th 4 bt u bin mt, c ngha l gc ti ca tia sng i ti mt nc sau khi
phn x trn gng th 4 s ng bng gc gii hn phn x ton phn. Do :
1
r 8a=+arcsin
=+ 40,5o 8a 48,59 o a 1o
n

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 Nguyn Minh Chu- 12 L Bi thi gii ton Vt l qua mng k III t 1

Bi I-E3:
Initially, the distance of two plates is d, the length of spring is lo (nature length).
When voltage is V, the distance of two plates is x, and the length of spring is lo+(d - x)
The force of electric field is balance by the force of the spring.
e oS e oS kx 2 ( d - x )
DV .E = k (d - x) 2 ( DV ) = k ( d - x ) DV =
2
(1)
x x e oS
Derivative (1), we obtain:
k 2x.d - 3x 2
( DV ) ' = .
e oS 2 x 2 .d - x 3
2d
(V) = 0 => x = 0 or x =
3
x - 0 2d / 3 +
( DV ) ' - 0+ 0 -
DV ] Z ]

2d 4kd 3
V max x = => DVmax =
3 27e oS
With k = 10N/m, d = 2 mm, S = 100cm2, the numerical value of V is 366 (V)

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