MC LC

Trang

GII THIU CHNG TRNH ..................................................................2

CHNG I: NGUN GC RA I QU TRNH PHT TRIN
MN BNG BN VIT NAM ..................................................................3
I. Ngun gc ra i ca mn bng bn .............................................................3
II. Bng bn qua cc giai on pht trin ..........................................................4
III. Qu trnh pht trin mn bng bn Vit Nam ..........................................5
CHNG II: CC C IM MU CHT C BN
KHI NH BNG ..........................................................................................7
I. S phn chia ng vng cung v na qu bng khi nh bng ..................7
II. Mu cht c bn khi nh bng ....................................................................8
CHNG III: NGUYN L K THUT NH BNG .......................10
I. Khi nim v k thut nh bng bn ..........................................................10
II. Phn loi k thut bng bn ........................................................................10
III. Phn tch mt s k thut c bn ...............................................................10
1. K thut giao bng .................................................................................10
2. K thut lp bng thun tay ....................................................................13
3. K thut git bng thun tay ..................................................................14
4. K thut y bng tri tay ......................................................................15
5. K thut git bng tri tay ......................................................................16
6. K thut g bng ....................................................................................17
7. K thut g bng thun tay .....................................................................18
CHNG IV: MT S IU LUT C BN .......................................20
TI LIU THAM KHO..............................................................................24

1
 GII THIU CHNG TRNH
I/V TR MN HC:
Bng bn l mt mn th thao qun chng c pht trin rng ri ti vit nam
cng nh cc nc khc trn th gii. i vi cc trng i hc th mn bng bn l
mn hc nm trong chng trnh cc mn t chn khng phn bit chuyn nghnh
c phn b 30 tit bao gm l thuyt v thc hnh.
II/ MC TIU:
Nhm o to cc sinh vin i hc pht trin ton din v mt th cht
III/YU CU MN HC:
1. Chnh tr t tng:
Cng nh cc mn hc khc, mn bng bn s gp phn gio dc o c tc
phong, gp phn tch cc cho s pht trin phong tro TDTT c s.
2. Chuyn mn:
2.1 L thuyt:
-Trang b cho sinh vin nhng kin thc c bn nht ca mn bng bn, phng
php tp luyn v lut bng bn.
2.2 Thc hnh:
- Sinh vin phi thc hin c mt s k thut c bn nht vi mt k nng nht
nh: Lp bng thun tay.
Chn y tri tay.
G bng thun tay
G bng tri tay
IV. CU TRC CA MN HC:
- Chng trnh mn hc gm hai phn:
+ L thuyt: 4 tit
+ Thc hnh: 24 tit
+ Thi kt thc: 2 tit
V. KIM TRA V NH GI:
Vic kim tra v nh gi kt qu hc tp ca sinh vin c tin hnh theo
hng dn v quy ch chung v thi v kim tra kt thc mn hc ca B Gio dc o
to bao gm cc ni dung sau:
Kim tra kin thc: nhm nh gi mc tip thu v vn dng cc kin thc l
lun vo thc tin.
Kim tra k nng thc hnh: Nhm nh gi nng lc tip thu v nng lc thc
hnh cc k thut c bn hc vo thc tin.
Kim tra thc hc tp ca sinh vin: Nhm nh gi ng thc, ng c hc
tp (l thuyt v thc hnh mn hc) trong qu trnh hc tp ca sinh vin.

2
 CHNG I:

NGUN GC RA I - QU TRNH PHT TRIN

MN BNG BN VIT NAM.

I. NGUN GC RA I CA MN BNG BN:

C nhiu kin khc nhau v s ra i ca mn bng bn. Tuy nhin, cn c vo
cc t liu lch s c th tng hp thnh mt s kin ln nh sau:
C kin cho rng, bng bn c xut x t mn qun vt m ra v c ci bin
thnh. Theo h, vo cui th k XIX nc Anh, mn qun vt kh pht trin
trong gii thng lu. Trong mt ln t chc thi u mn qun vt, cc trn u ang
din ra gay go, quyt lit bng nhin tri ma to, cuc u phi tm dng, nhng
ngi tham gia cuc chi phi ch ma trong mt nh cn tin gn . Nhng ma to
v ko di, v th h ngh ra mt cch l mc li trn gia hai bn n, ly vt v
banh qun vt nh qua, nh li gia hai ci bn.T tr chi ny, h ngh ra cch
thc chi mi, l chi bng trn bn cc nh qu tc chi trong nh v c tn gi l
tennis de table, bng bn ra i c xut x t tr chi ny.
+ C kin khc cho rng, vo khong nm 1895 cng li chi nh trn, nhng
bng c thay bng bng nha v t bng nha dn dn c ph bin. ting
bng nha ny trn bn g pht ra ting ku ping ping, png png do bng bn
cn c tn mi l ping png
+ c kin cho rng mn bng bn xut hin sm hn mn qun vt. Theo klen
(hunggary) cch y 2000 nm, trong cung nh Nht Bn c tr chi cu lng,
bng bn c xut x t tr chi ny ci bin thnh.
+ Cng c ti liu ni rng, bng bn u tin c lu hnh trong cung nh
nc Anh v c nghe ni n hong Anh c ln tng qu cho vua nc c nhng
dng c chi bng bn, sau t cung nh lan rng ra ngoi tr thnh tr chi ph
bin trong cng chng, mang tnh cht gii tr cc nc u Chu.
+ Theo Ivanp cu hun luyn vin bng bn Lin X trong cun sch v hun
luyn bng bn c vit : u th k th XIX mt s tr thc Nga Matxcva v
Lningrt chi tr chi c dng c l vt cng bng dy v bng bng lie c cm
lng, sau t tr chi ny c ci bin thnh tr chi trong nh, dng g lm vt
nh qua nh li vi nhau gia hai ci bn, sau ny ghp hai bn li vi nhau gia c
mc li si v l tin thn ca mn bng bn. Lc cha c quy tc chi thng
nht nh by gi.
+ Theo ng Mngtaga ch tnh danh d hip hi bng bn th gii th khong
nm 1880 c cng ty nc Anh bn dng c th duc th thaod9a4 ng qung co
bn cc thit b chi bng bn .nn bng bn ra i vo nm 1880 nc Anh l
tng i chnh xc. ngoi ra cc t liu lch s TDTT cc nc khng c t liu no
ni bng bn ra i sm hn nm 1880.v vy a s cc kin thng nht mn bng
bn ra i vo khong nm 1880 nc Anh v ban u l mt hnh thc tr chi gii
tr.

3
II. BNG BN QUA CC GIAI ON PHT TRIN:
Thc tin chng minh rng,s pht trin ca mn bng bn ph thuc ch yu
vo s ci tin cc thit b dng c chi, cng nh cc quy nh v cch thc chi.Tuy
vy thi gian u do dng c chi v lut l chi n gin nh : lc u chi s dng
cy vt g b mt trn, nhn,cng nn ma st vi bng t, nng lc khng ch bng
km, do vy thi k ny cc k thut phng th thng c s dng nh ct,chn y
bng.Vic nh gi trnh VV ch yu thng qua vic nh gi tnh kin tr, bn
b,do dai,s ln nh bng qua li nhiu hay t.
Qua mt thi gian ngi ta thy cn phi ci tin vt tng hiu xut nh bng
bng cch tng ma st vi bng.V vy cy vt g c gin mt lp ph ln b
mt mt lp nhung, giy rp hoc lie.Chic vt ny lm thay i mt phn v trnh
k thut.Lc by gi, hiu xut ct bng c tng ln v xut hin mt vi
qu tn cng n thun.
Nm 1902, vt gai cao su ra i bt u t VV ngi Anh sau mt bui tp trn
ng i v ngang qua ch anh bng thy trong hp ng tin ca ngi bn hng c
gin mt lp cao su hn ch ting ku v lm cho nhng ng su khng nhy ra ra
ngoiSau v nh anh cng gin ln vt g ca mnh mt lp cao su nh
bng.Vt gai cao su ra ri vi th nng c nh hi ln hn, nn c tc dng tng
ma st khi chm bng, ng thi nng cao tc khi nh bng.S ra 9i ca vt gai
cao su gip cho k thut bng bn pht trin thm mt bc mi, mt s k thut
tn cng nh vt,lt bng xut hin, phm vi nh bng c m rng, hnh thnh
r nt cc k thut tn cng v k thut phng th, s i u gi hai h thng k
thut ny dn n s pht trin ngy cng cao ca mn bng bn.Tuy vy, do quy nh
ca kch thc bn, li, thi gian mt vn u lc by gi nn cc k thut phng th
c li hn tn cng, cc k thut tn cng cha c nng cao, a s cc VV s
dng cc k thut phng th vn chim u th. V vy trong thi u xut hin nhiu
trn uku di theo kiu maraton.Vn u di nht trong lch s bng bn quc t
l 8gi gi hai VV hasnago (Php) v hebbecgie (Rumani) ti gii v ch bng
bn th gii nm 1934 t chc ti Pari. gii quyt hin tng ny, hip hi bng bn
th gii c nhng sa i quan trng. v lut l quy nh thi gian mt vn u l
mt gi, sau l 30 pht, tip n l 20 pht, ri 15 pht v by gi l 10 pht, nu cha
ht s p dng lut gii quyt nhanh cn gi l lut giao bng lun lu. V cch tnh
im mt vn u, trc kia l 30 im, tip n l 21 im, v by gi l 11 im.
Kch thc bn chiu rng trc kia l 1,464m v c ni rng ra l 1,525m, chiu
cao ca li l 17cm rt xng cn 15,25cm, trc y nh bng mm nay chuyn
sang bng cng chnh s thay i ny, l cuc cch mng quan trng gip cho cc
VV s dng cc k thut tn cng c thun li hn tng bc chim dn u
th.Do vy, k thut tn cng pht trin nhanh ngy cng hon thin.
n nm 1952,ti gii v ch bng bn ln th XIX t chc ti Bombay(n
),i tuyn Nht Bn da94 em n i hi mt v kh mi- l cy vt mt han
chnh.Vi loi v kh mi ny i Nht Bn chim hu ht cc gii ca i
hi(ng i nam,ng i n,n nam,n n.Vt mt ra i vi tnh nng u vit
lm nng cao nng lc khng ch bng, ma st ln,tc bng nhanh hn, chnh
xc cao hn.,uy lc vt bng hn hn vt cao su,phm vi nh bng c m rng
hn..Do vy,t li nh phng th chuyn sang li nh cng th v tn cng nhiu
hn.Vt mt ra i gip cho cc VV s dng k thut tn cng dn dn chim u
th,ph v chin thut phng th ca vt gai cao su.
4
 n nm 1961,ti gii v ch bng bn th gii ln th 26 t chc ti Bc
Kinh(Trung Quc),mt ln na cc VV Nht Bn li mang n i hi mt th v
kh mi- l k thut git bng.Dt bng vi tnh nng to lc ma st vi bng
ln,sc xoy mnh,tc bng i nhanh, chun xc cao,c kh nng nh bng
c nhng im cht m cc k thut tn cng khc khng s dng c.Vi k
thut ny mt thi gian di,i Nht Bn lm ma lm gi trn u trng Quc
t,lng bng bn th gii phi tht ln: Qu bng ma qu Tokyo.Git bng uy
hip mnh m,ph v chin thut ca cc VV phng th.Trong sut mt thi gian
di cc VV s dng k thut tn cng m c bit l k thut dt bng chim u
th v gi thnh tch cao trong cc cuc thi u quc t. i ph vi s u hip ca
k thut dt bng,cc VV ngh ra mt loi v kh mi- l cy vt chng dt
hay cn gi l vt phn xoy.Vt phn xoy u tin xut hin nm 1972 do cc
VV chu u s dng nhng hiu qu cha cao,n nm 1973 khi cc VV Trung
Quc s dng mi a cy vt chng dt ln thnh mt v kh nguy him.c im
ni bt ca vt chng git l lm thay i quy lut xoy bng,qu o bay ca
bng.Do vt phn xoy lm nh hng n ngh thut bng bn,ph v cc k thut
ng tc tn cng,nn gii bng bn ln ting phn i.V vy lin on bng bn
th gii a ra mt s bin php(nh cm dm chn khi giao bng) hoc k t ngy
1/1/1984 th vt thi u phi l hai mu khc nhau r rt,mt bn mu en mt bn
mu ti,trn mt vt phi c ch ITTF mi c thi u cc gii quc t.Vi quy
nh ny,uy lc ca vt phn xoy gim ng k bi cc VV phn bit c
nh hai mu khc nhau nn c iu chnh chin thut ti u cho ph hp.n
nay,vt thi u ca VV s dng rt a dng phc v cho tng li nh s trng
khc nhau.
Nh vy,qu trnh pht trin ca k chin thut bng bn c quan h cht ch vi
s pht trin ci tin ca cc dng c nh bng cng nh nhng quy nh v cch
thc chiS thay i nhm gii quyt cc mu thun thc t v chnh l quy lut
u tranh ca cc mt i lp dn ti s pht trinca mn bng bn
III. QU TRNH PHT TRIN MN BNG BN VIT NAM.
Mn bng bn c du nhp vo vit nam vo khong nm 1920. min bc do
cc thng gia Hoa Kiu, min Nam do thc dn Php du nhp vo, y cng l
mn th thao gii tr dnh cho gii thng lu.n nm 1924 bng bn pht trin
mnh cc thnh ph ln nh H Ni, Hi Phng, Hu, Si Gn.Lc ny t chc
cc gii bng bn theo min l Bc k, Nam K, Trung k.Li nh ch yu ca thi
k ny l dng k thut ct bng g l,thnh thong c c hi bng bng th vt mt
qu,sau li ct tip
Thng 3/1938 t chc cuc thi u quc t ti Vit Nam gia vn ng vin
ke6lenva Srabados ngi Hunggary (cu v ch bng bn th gii)vi 2 vn ng
vin Vit Nam do hi th thao bc k tin c l : Nguyn nh Thi (Nam nh)v L
Ngc Sn (H Ni). kt qu mi vn ng vin ca ta u thng c 1 vn.Sau
i Vit Nam i Campuchia thi u gii v ch bng bn ng dng ti Nng Phnh
gm 3 vn ng vin l L Ngc Sn, Nguyn nh Thi, Mai Duy Dng kt qu vn
ng vin L Ngc Sn dt chc v ch n nam, cp i nam L Ngc Sn v Mai
Duy Dng ot chc v ch i nam.Vi thng li ny, c th ni rng: Mn bng
bn mang li thnh tch thi u quc t sm nht cho th thao Vit Nam

5
 Nm 1949 t chc thi u giao hu bng bn quc t ln 2 gia 2 danh th Php
Hansnag ( Cu v ch th gii) Amauretti (cy vt s 2 ca Php)vi cc tay vt
Vit Nam. K qu Vn ng vin Mai Vn Ha thng vn ng vin Amau retti vi
t s 3/2 trong mt trn u y kch tnh.T y thnh tch thi u quc t ca cc vn
ng vin Vit Nam dn dn c khng nh c th im qua mt s thnh thch
ng k sau:
Nm 1951 ti v ch gii Bng bn th gii ln th 18 t chc ti Vin
(o)ng i nam Vit Nam xp th 5 trong tng s 27 i.
Nm 1952 ti gii v ch bng bn th gii ln th 19 t chc ti Bom Bay (n
), ng i nam Vit Nam xp th 8 trong tng s 19 i.
Nm 1953 ti gii v ch bng bn Chu ln th 2 vn ng vin Mai Vn
Ha ot chc v ch n nam v cng vi Trn Cnh c ot chc v ch i
nam Chu .
Nm 1954 ti gii v ch bng bn Chu ln th 3 ti singapore, mt ln na
vn ng vin Mai Vn Ha ot chc v ch n nam, rt tic gii i nam cp
i Ha c b thua trong trn chung kt nh nhn huy chng bc. Cng nm
ny ti gii v ch bng bn th gii ln th 21 ti Anh, ng i nam Vit Nam xp
hng 5tre6n tng s 24 i tham d.
Nm 1957 ti gii v ch bng bn th gii ln th 24 ti Slckhm (Thy
in) Mai Vn Ha xp hng ging s 8 th gii, cng nm ny ti gii v ch bng
bn Chu ti Manila (philipphin) , i Vit Nam ot 2 huy chng vng ng i
nam v i nam (Ha- c)
Nm 1958 ti gii Vn Hi ln 3 ti toky (Nht Bn) i Vit Nam ot hai
chc v ch ng i nam v i nam (Ha c) v huy chng ng cp i
nam (Tit Liu).
Ngy 23/05/1959 Hi bng bn Vit Nam dn ch cng ha ra i v gia nhp
hi bng bn th gii thng 02/1960.Cng nm ny ti gii v ch bng bn th gii
ln th 25 ti c ng i nam Vit Nam xp hng 3 th gii,VV L Vn Tit l
ht ging s 6 v Mai Vn Ha hng 12 sau v Php d gii Quc T mi. L Vn
Tit ot chc v ch n namsau khi thng murakami Nht Bn 3/2 trong trn chung
kt.Vi nhng thnh tch trn c th ni trong nhng thp k 50 bng bn Vit
Nam c coi l mt trong nhng cng quc bng bn th gii.
Sau thi k ny bng bn Vit Nam bt u suy sp, cc VV tr cha sc
thay th cc lp n anh. Tuy nhin nm 1962 v nm 1966 cc vn ng vin cng
dnh c huy chng ng trong cc k vn hi,ngoi ra chng ta khi6ng dnh
thm thnh tch ng k no.T sau ha bnh lp li, t nc thng nht, trong mt
thi gian di chng ta khng c iu kin giao lu quc t nn nn bng bn nc ta
thc t lc hu so vi trnh chu lc v th gii.T nm 1989 tr li y c s
quan tm ca ng , Chnh Ph v lnh o cc cp, mn bng bn tip tc tham gia
cc k sea games v cng t c nhng thnh tch kh vi 29 huy chng cc loi
qua 8 k sea games v gn y nht, vn ng vin on Kin Quc ot chic v
duy nht khu vc ng Nam tham d th vn hi Athen 2004 va qua, nhng cng
khng t c thnh tch g.R rng khng ph lng ngi hm m, mn bng
bn Vit Nam cn phi c gng nhiu hn na mi duy tr c nhng thnh tch
c, tng bc nng dn trnh bng bn nc ta ngang tm hu lc v th gii.

6
 CHNGII

CC C IM MU CHT C BN KHI NH BNG

I. S PHN CHIA NG VNG CUNG V NA QU BNG KHI NH

BNG:
1/ S phn chia ng vng cung nh bng:
- Khi bng i phng nh sang chm bn,ny ln v ri xung. c th nh
tr bng tt,ngi ta quy c t khi bng chm bn ny ln v ri xung c chia ra
thnh 5 giai on:

Hnh 1: S phn chia ng vng cung bng bay

- Giai on 1:Bng va ny ln
- Giai on 2:Bng ang ln
- Giai on 3:Bng ln im cao nht
- Giai on 4:Bng bt u ri xung
- Giai on 5:Bng ri xung thp
2/ S phn chia na qu bng:
- Nh chng ta bit mun nh tr bng tt sang bn i phng chng ta ch
c th tip xc qu bng.Ngi ta quy c chia na qu bng thnh 5 phn nh
sau (Hnh 2)
AB l phn trn qu bng
BC l phn gia trn qu bng
CD l phn gia qu bng
DE l phn gia di qu bng
7
 EF l phn di bng

Hnh 2: S phn chia na qu bng

II. MU CHT C BN KHI NH BNG:

nh bng tt,trc tn cn phi phn an hng bng n,im ri ca
bng,tnh cht xoy cu bng,lc nh bng mnh hay nh,sau nhanh chng di
chuyn bc chn to v tr thun li v gi tay nh bng.V vy cn phi c nng lc
phn ng tt,di chuyn bc chn nhanh,bit nm vng thi c,vn dng thnh thc
cc k thut nh bng mi thu c hiu qu.
* Phn on: Mun nh bng tt phi nng cao nng lc phn on.V d:Tc
bng ca mt qu bt mnh c th t ti 50m/s, i ph vi nhng qu bng c
tc trn VV cn c 0.06s.Nhng thc t thi gian phn x ca VV cp kin
tng cng ch t 0,13-0.15s.R rng nu khng phn on trc th ngi cha
kp hnh ng th bng ti.Mt khc i phng bao gi cng che giu ca
mnh nu s rt kh khn cho ngi bng.V vy i phng nh bng th khng
ch ch n qu bng m phi n ng tc nh bng ca h(ng tc tay khi
vung vt,hng chuyn ng ca vt,thi im tip xc vi bng)c th l:
+Xem phng hng chuyn ng ca vt m phn on tnh nng bng xoy
+Cn c vo gc mt vt khi tip xc bng phn on hng bng ti v
tm bng n.
+Cn c bin ng tc ca cng tay,c tay v tc lng tay phn on
bng n mnh hay nh,im ri v mc xoy ca bng.
* Di chuyn bc chn:
Sau khi phn on c hng bng n,lc bng nh sang mnh hay nh,tnh
cht xay v mc xoy ca bng im ri th cn di chuyn nhanh n v tr thch
hp nh bng.
* Gi tay nh bng:
8
 ng thi vi phn on,cn di chuyn bc chn nhanh v quyt nh ng tc
nh bng tr li.Khi quyt nh ng tc nh tr cn ch n 3 im sau:
- Nu dng chn,y,vt nhanh th ng tc phi nhanh,vt tip xc vi bng lc
va ny ln.
- Nu dng vt,git xung th vt tip xc vi bng im cao nht.
- Nu dng git vng hay ct bng th nh bng thi im bng ri xung
thp.
Tm li: Phn on bng n,di chuyn bc chn v gi tay nh bng l 3
im mu cht c bn khi nh bng,gia chng c mi quan h cht ch vi
nhau.Nu thiu mt trong 3 giai on ny th bng nh i s kh chnh xc,3 giai
on ny phi han thnh gn nh ng thi trong mt thi gian rt ngn.V vy,cn
phi tp luyn nng cao c 3 im trn nh bng c hiu qu cao.

9
 CHNG III

NGUYN L K THUT NH BNG

I. KHI NIM V K THUT NH BNG BN:

Bt c mt hot ng no cng phi c mt mc ch c th no .Mt hnh vi
vn ng thng bao gm mt h thng cc ng tc,thc hin theo mt trnh t v
kiu nht nh,ph hp vi c im hot ng gii quyt nhim v no ,trong
cc iu kin ch quan,khch quan khi thc hin.Trong bong bn,vic thc hin ng
tc nh bong i hi s phi hp cu nhiu c ng trong cc tnh hung lun lun
thay i,v th k thut nh bng phi lun i mi v hon thin,iu c
chng minh qua lch s pht trin mn bng bn.Vy k thut c bn ca bng bn l
g? l tp hp tt c cc ng tc hp l nhm nh bng sang bn i phng t
hiu sut cao nht.
II. PHN LOI K THUT BNG BN:
Cn c vo c im tnh cht ca cc k thut ngi ta chia k thut c bn ca
bng bn thnh 6 nhm chnh l:
III. PHN TCH MT S K THUT C BN:
1. Giao Bng:
Giao bng l qu nh bng u tin v l mt k thut c bn ca mn bng
bn.Trc y k thut giao bng cn n iu, dng c nh bng khng to ra c
lc ma st nhiu.Nn giao bng cha c tm quan trng trong h thng k thut bng
bn. T khi vt mt xut hin cng vi s pht trin khng ngng ca cc k thut
hin i giao bng tr thnh v kh li hi ca cc VV, k c cc VV c ng
cp cao. Giao bng tt c th n im trc tip v l mc ch cao nht, giao bng
tt cng c th ngay t u ch ng thc hin cc chin thut a i phng
vo th b ng to c hi ginh im.

10
 Trn thc t c 3 loi xoy bng. l xoy ln, xoy xung v xoy ngang.
a. Giao bng xoy ln thun tay v tri tay:
Khi giao bng vt a t sau ra trc v ln trn. Bn tri tay ch yu l ng tc
dui cng tay, kt hp vi mit c tay. Bn thun tay ch yu l ng tc gp cng tay
kt hp vi cng tay. im tip xc vi bng ch l phn gia trn ca bng. nh
bng khi bng cao ngang phn li.
Khi giao bng cn ch n im ny trn bn i phng. Do bng c sc
xoy ln, nhanh cho nn im ri ca bng cng cui bn cng c tc dng. Mun vy
phi cn c lc tc dng v im ny u tin bn bn mnh iu chnh.

Hnh 3: Bng xoy ln

b. Giao bng xoy xung thun tay v tri tay:
Khi giao bng vt a t sau ra trc, t trn xung di. ng tc ch yu ca
thun tay v tri tay l dui cng tay v c tay. Vt tip xc bng gia di hoc
thp hn mt t khi bng cao ngang li hoc thp hn. Thng thng loi giao
bng ny c c im l xoy mnh hoc xoy t kt hp vi im ri.

Hnh 4: Bng xoy xung

11
 c. Giao bng tri tay, ngang xung, sang phi:
Khi giao bng vt a t sau ra trc, xung di v sang phi. ng tc ch
yu l dui cng tay kt hp vi c tay. Vt tip xc gia di v hi chch bn phi
ca bng. Khi thc hin loi giao bng ny, bin cn nh, c tay cn linh hot v
nhanh.

d. Giao bng thun tay, ngang ln, sang tri:

Khi giao bng vt a t sau ra trc,lc chm bng vt a chch ln trn.ng
tc ch yu l dui cng tay kt hp c tay,vt tip xc gia bng hi ngang sang
tri.ng tc ny cng cn thc hin nhanh,gn,c tay linh hot

12
 2. K thut lp bng thun tay:
a. c im k thut:
L mt k thut tn cng, ng thi l qu nh qu to c hi dt
im.Lp bng m bo chun xc.Khi nh bng tay linh hot d iu khin
im ri.Lp bng thun tay dng i ph vi c bng xoy ln v c bng xoy
xung.Khi nh to ra bng xoy ln.
b. Phn tch k thut.
- Giai on chun b:
Chn tri ng trc,chn phi ng sau,khong cch hai chn rng bng vai,hai
u gi hi khuu trng tm dn vo chn phi.Tay dui t nhin,cnh tay vi cng
tay hp vi nhu mt gc khong 45 vt,c tay,cng tay hp vi nhau thnh mt ng
thng,cnh tay vi cng tay hp vi nhau mt gc khong 140-1450 .Thn trn hi
ci,ngi nghing sang phi mt gc 450 so vi ng bin ngang cui bn,vai phi
thp hn vai tri.Vt cch hng khong 40 cm,u vt hi chc xung,mt vt hi
nghing v pha trc hp vi phng thng ng ca bn mt gc 600.
- Giai on nh bng:
Khi bng i phng nh sang chm bn ny ln,c tay,cng tay,cm vt dng
sc lng vt theo phng t di ln trn ra trc v sang tri..im tip xc gi vt
v bng l phn na ca qu bng.Thi im nh bng pha bn v hi trc mt
mt cht ti im ny cao nht hoc tng ng giai on ba cu ng vng cung
bng bay.Khi vt chm bng c tay mit mnh vt vo bng.Cng tay gp nhanh
dng nh vt qua bng,vt chuyn ng theo mt ng vng cung.Phi hp vi
sc ca thn to vng cung nh bng qua li.
- Giai on kt thc:
Theo quan tnh trng tm chuyn t chn phi sang chn tri mt nhn theo bng
ri kt thc pha trc mt ngang tm ngc bn tri sau nhanh chng tr v t th
ban u tip tc qu sau

13
 3. K thut git bng thun tay:

a. c im k thut:
Git bng thun tay l k thut tn cng ch yu dung sc mnh v sc xoy
uy hip i phng,c kh nng dt im hoc to c hi dt im.
b. Phn tch k thut:
- Giai on chun b:
Chn tri ng trc,chn phi ng sau,2 chn tch rng hn vai,gc gia
than ngi vi bin ngang ca bn khong 450;gia cng tay v cnh tay khong 150-
1600,gia cnh tay v thn ngi khong 450,vai phi th lng thp hn vai tri.
- Giai on nh bng:
Khi bng ca i phng nh qua im cao nht ri xung(giai on 3-4 ca
ng vng cung) vt nhanh chng lng t sau ra trc ln trn, sang tri. Lc tc
vo bng l hp lc t bin ca p chn,xoay hng,gp cng tay, mit c tay to ma
st ln. Khi chm bng vt phi t tu ti a.Vt tip xc gia trn hay gia di ph
thuc vo k thut git xung hay git vng.
- Giai on kt thc:
Sau khi tip xc bng tc vt chm dn v kt thc ngang ui mt
tri.Trng tm c th chuyn dch sang chn tri, sau nhanh chng tr v t th
chun b
* Nhng im cn ch khi git bng:
- Phi s dng vt mt c ma st cao
- Phi phn on tt tnh cht xoy ca bng,mc xoy,im ri, tc bay
ca bng c gc v khong cch dng lc thch hp.
- Tip xc bng phi chnh xc( do kh nng tip xc ca git bng nh)

14
 Lc nh vo bng phi tp trung to ra lc t bin nhanh
Ch chuyn ng trng tm, nu chuyn trng tm qu nhiu do dng lc mnh
c th s mt trng tm, kh thc hin qu nh tip theo.
Sau khi git xong cn nhanh chng th lng v v t th chun b
4. K thut y bng tri tay:

a. c im k thut:
L hnh thc phng th tch cc,tc bng i nhanh,d nm quyn ch
ng.i ph vi li nh tn cng nhanh gn bn,bng nh sang mang tnh cht
bng xoy ln,thng c dng cho li nh y tri,vt phi.
b. Phn tch k thut.
- Giai on chun b:
Ngi ng 1/3 bn bn tri cch bn khong 30-40cm.Chn phi ng hi
chch ln trc,chn tri ng sau,khong cch hai chn rng bng vai.Hai u gi hi
khuu,cnh tay cnh ln,cng tay a sang tri.Gc gia hai cnh tay v cnh tay
khong 1000.Mt vt thng gc so vi hng bng ti,mt vi hi p v pha
trc,u vt hi chc xung,vt cch hng 20-30cm.Gc mt vt nghing so
vi bn mt gc khong 600.
- Giai on nh bng:
Khi bng i phng nh sang chm bn ny ln,cnh tay,cng tay v c tay
dng sc cm vt a t sau ra trc,ln trn v sang phi.Khuu tay hi nng
ln.Dng sc ca c tay v cng tay nhanh chng y vt v pha trc.C tay iu
chnh gc mt vt.Thi im y bng pha trn v hi trc mt mt cht ti
im ny cao nht.Khi vt tip xc bng c tay cm vt xoay nhanh y bng to
vng cung bng qua li.

15
 - Giai on kt thc:
Theo qun tnh,trng tm chuyn dn t chn sau ra chn trc,ngi hi lao v
pha trc,mt nhn pha trc.Vt kt thc pha trc hi sang phi gn ngang vai
sau nhanh chng tr v t th ban u chun b qu sau.
5. K thut git bng tri tay:
a. c im k thut :
K thut git bng tri tay ra i khong cui nhng nm 60 v u nhng nm
70, do yu cu ca li nh hai bn.y l k thut c o ca cc VV s dng vt
ngang, cho n nay k thut ny tr thnh ph bin ca cc VV c ng cp
cao.Git bng tri tay c sc xoy ln, ch y i ph vi bng xoy xung ca i
phng,c bit s dng trong khi tn cng giao bng rt c hiu qu.
b. Phn tch k thut:

- Giai on chun b:
Chn phi ng trc,chn tri ng sau,khong cch hai chn rng bng vai,u
gi hi khuu,trng tm h thp dn sang chn tri.Gc gia ngi v bn khong
40-500,gc gia cng tay v cnh tay khong 120-1300,vt dc i bn tri.
- Giai on nh bng:
Khi bng ca i phng nh sang(nu git sung th nh bng giai on 3-4
ca ng vng cung,nu git vng th nh giai on 5 ca ng vng cung)vt
nhanh chng ln t sau ra trc ln trn v sang phi.im tip xc gia vt v bng
l gia trn(git xung),gia di(git vng),c cu chnh ca ng tc l dui cng tay
khi tip xc bng ,c tay mit nhiu vo bng tng lc ma st to thnh vng cung
a bng qua li.Vt lng ti u,trng tm ca c th c chuuyn dch tng ng
phi hp lc mt cch ng b.

16
 - Giai on kt thc:
Khi tip xc vi bng xong,vt theo qun tnh chuyn ng chm dn v kt thc
ngang ui mt phi,trng tm ca c th chuyn sang chn phi.nh bng xong
nhanh chng tr v t th chun b tip tc qu sau.
*Nhng im cn ch khi git bng tri tay:
- Phn on tt tnh cht v mc xoy ca bng i phng.
- Khong cch dng lc phi thch hp
- Tip xc vi bng phi chnh xc.
- Lc nh bng phi tp trung to ra lc t bin nhanh
- Trng tm c th phi tng ng vi lc v hng lng ca vt.
- Sau khi nh xong phi chun b nh qu tip theo hoc phi hp vi cc k
thut khc.
6. K thut g bng:
a. c im k thut:
- G bng l c s ca k thut ct bng.G bng s dng bng xoy xung
nhm i ph bng xoy xung ca i phng lm hn ch kh nng tn cng ca
i phng,ng thi tranh th tn cng i phng nu c c hi.
- G bng c phn chia thnh g nhanh v g chm,ngoi ra cc VV cn s
dng g xoy ,g khng xoy v g bng xoy ngang.
- G bng bao gm g thun tay v g tri tay.Cc t th ca k thut thun v
tri tay v c bn l ging nhau nhng ngc nhau.
+ G chm: l k thut ch yu s dng cho cc VV c li nh phng th v
thng s dng th php g xoy v khng xoy.
+ G nhanh: thch hp cho li nh tn cng,nhm a i phng vo th b
ng tranh th phn cng.
- K thut g bng khng th thiu i vi bt k VV bng bn no.
b. Phn tch k thut g bng chm tri tay:
- Giai on chun b:
Chn tri ng trc,chn phi ng sau,khong cch hai chn rng bng
vai.Ngi ng cch bn khong 50cm.Trng tm h thp ra chn tri,gi hi
khuu,vt chch sang bn tri,ngang ngc,gc gia cng tay v cnh tay khong
90-1000,gia cnh tay v thn ngi khoang 300,vai phi th lng.
- Giai on nh bng:
Khi bng ca i phng nh sang qua im cao nht ri xung,vt nhanh
chng ln t sau ra trc,xung di v sang phi.im tip xc gia vt v bng.C
cu chnh ca ng tc l dui cng tay phi hp vi c tay.Vt ln ti u th trng
tam ca c th c chuyn dch tng ng.

17
 - Giai on kt thc:
Sau khi tip xc vi bng,theo qun tnh,vt chuyn ng chm dn v kt thc
ngang lng bn phi.Trng tm ca c th cng kt thc chn phi.

7. K thut g bng thun tay :

- Cc t th ca k thut v c bn l ging nhau nhng ngc li

18
 * Nhng im cn ch khi g bng:
- Phn on tt mc xoy ca bng i phng iu chnh mt vt hp l.
- Khi g bng phi thp im ri,phi hn ch ti a s tn cng ca i phng.
- Gp iu kin thun li phi tranh th phn cng dnh quyn ch ng hoc
n im
* Nhng sai lm thng mc ca ngi tp khi nh bng bn:
Trong qu trnh tp luyn k thut hc sinh thng mc nhiu nhng sai lm khi
thc hin k thut mt cch a dng. Tuy nhin qua tng hp v nghin cu ngi ta
thy ngi tp thng mc cc li chnh sau y:
- Giai on chun b:
V tr ng cha thch hp xa hoc gn qu
Gc thn ngi so vi bn cha hp l
im chun b ca vt cao hoc thp qu so vi mt bn
Gc mt vt cha hp l
im c trng tm c th cha ng
T th thn ngi cha hp l
- Giai on nh bng:
Thi im nh bng cha thch hp
C ly nh bng cha hp l
Phng hng v bin khi dng lc khng hp l
Gc mt vt,im tip xc bng khng hp lng tc tay,chn,thn di
chuyn cha ng c b phn nh hng n s phi hp.
- Giai on kt thc:
V tr kt thc ca vt cha ng
V tr trng tm c th sai
T th so vi bn cha hp l
* Cc bc sa cha k thut cho ngi tp:
Trn thc t mi mt sai lm khi thc hin k thut ca hc sinh th tng ng s
c mt phng php sa cha c hiu.Tuy vy cng c mt s phng php c bn
sa cha k thut l:
Bc 1: Phn tch li k thut c bit t im ai ca hc sinh
Bc 2: Cho tp ng tc lng tay ngoi bn khng bng
Bc 3: Tp bng cho tng qu,c bit t ch sai ca k thut thc hin(tp
nh bng ti ch)
Bc 4: Tp nh bng trn mt ng c bn sau mi phi hp gia ng
v im trong qu trnh thc hin cn nghim tc,khng nng vi,gio vin phi gim
st cht ch tng bc v sa cha ngay nhng sai st c c ln mi ca hc sinh.

19
 CHNG IV

MT S IU LUT C BN

1/Bn bng:
- Phn mt trn ca bn gi l mt nh bng(mt bn).Hnh ch nht di
2m74,rng 1m5,25 nm trong mt mt phng nm ngang cao 76cm tnh t mt t.
- Mt bn khng bao gm cc cnh bn ca mt bn.
- Mt bn c th lm bng bt c cht liu no v phi c mt ny ng u
khong 23cm khi qu bng tiu chun ri t cao 30cm xung mt bn .
- Mt phi c mu sm ng u v m,xung quanh mt bn c mt ng vavh5
k trng rng 2cm,mi vch theo chiu di 2m74 ca bn gi l ng bin dc,mi
vch theo chiu rng l 1m525 ca bn gi l ng bin ngang(ng cui bn)
- Mt chia thnh hai phn bng nhau bi mt ci li thng ng song song vi
ng cui bn v cng sut trn ton b din chia i hai bn phn bn.
- nh i mi phn mt bn li chia thnh hai phn nh bng nhau bi mt
ng vch gia mu trng rng 30mm song song vi cc ng bin dc.ng
vch gia c coi nh thuc v phn bn phi ca mi na bn.

2 /Li:
- B phn li gm c chnh ci li,dy cng v cc cc li.Bao gm c cc
ci kp cp cc li vo bn.
- Li c cng bng mt si dy nh,buc mi u vo cc li c chiu cao
15,25cm.Khong cch gii hn ngoi ng bin dc vi cc li l 15,25cm.
- Mp trn ca li sut chiu di phi cao 15,25cm so vi mt bn.

20
 - Mp di sut chiu di ca li cn phi st vi mt bn v nhng cnh bn
ca li cn phi st vi cc li.
3/ Bng:
- Qu bng hnh cu c ng knh 40mm.
- Qu bng nng 2,7g.
- Qu bng c lm bng xenlul hoc cht nha do tng t,c mu trng hay
mu da cam v m.

4/ Vt:
- Vt c th c kch thc,hnh dng v trng lng bt k nhng ct vt phi
phng v cng.
- t nht 85% b dy ct vt phi bng g t nhin
- Mt ph ct vt hoc mt ct vt.
- Mt mt l mu ti v mt kia l mu en.
- Trc lc bt u trn u hay khi thay vt trong trn u,u th s a vt
m mnh s dng cho i phng v trng ti xem v kim tra.

5/ Bng trong cuc:

- Bng trong cuc c tnh t thi im cui cng khi bng nm yn trong
lng bn tay t do(tay khng cm vt).Trc khi c tung c ch ln lc giao bng
cho n khi lot ng bng nh qua li c quyt nh l nh li hay tnh mt
im.
6/ Giao bng tt:
- Lc bt u khi giao bng,qu bng c nm yn trong lng bn tay m phng
ca tay khng cm vt.
- Sau ngi giao bng tung bng ln theo phng thng ng,khng c to
ra bng xoy sao cho khi ra khi lng bn tay ca tay khng cm vt,qu bng ln cao
21
c t nht 16cm ri ri xung m khng c chm bt c mt vt g trc khi c
nh i
- Khi qu bng ri xung ngi giao bng phi nh bng sao cho bng chm
vo bn mt bn mnh trc ri sau mi ny qua hoc vng qua b phn li v
chm trc tip vo bn mt bn ngi giao bng; trong nh i , bng phi chm
lin tip t na mt bn bn phi ca ngi giao bng sang na mt bn bn phi ca
ngi giao bng
- K t lc bt u giao bng cho ti khi bng c nnh i qu bng phi
pha bn trn mt bn v ng sau ng bin cui bn ca ngi giao bng v bng
khng c che du ngi giao bng bng bt k b phn no trn c th hoc
qun o ca ngi giao bng hoc ca ngi cng nh i vi mnh
- Trch nhim ca ngi giao bng l lm sao cho trng ti hoc tr l trng ti
c th thy c l mnh tun th nhng yu cu i vi qu giao bng tt
- Nu trong trng hp khng c tr l trng ti v ngi trng ti nghi ng v
tnh hp l ca qu giao bng, th i vi ln u tin ca mt trn u trng ti cnh
co ngi giao bng m khng tnh im
- Nu tip tc trong trn u, qu giao bng ca u th hoc ca u thu cng
nh i b nghi ng v tnh hp l v cng l do nh trn hay bt k l do no khc
th bn giao bng s c ghi mt im.
- Trng hp khc thng trng ti c th ni lng nhng yu cu i vi qu
giao bng tt khi trng ti c xc nh rng vit tun theo nhng yu cu b hn
ch do khuyt tt c th ca i th
7 /Mt im c tnh:
- Tr khi l qu nh li mt u th s c tnh mt im
- Nu i phng khng giao bng tt
- Nu sau khi VV thc hin mt qu giao bng tt hay tr li bng tt qu
bng chm vo bt k vt g ngoi tr b phn li trc khi c i phng nh
i.
- Nu sau khi i th nh bng bay qua phn bn mnh hay vt qu ng cui
bn m bng khng chm vo phn bn ca mnh
- Nu i th cn bng.
- Nu i th nh bng hai ln
- Nu i th nh bng bng mt mt ct vt m mt ny khng tun theo ng
vi nhng quy nh v vt
- Nu i th ca anh ta ( ch ta) hoc bt c vt g ngi mc hay mang trn
ngi lm s dch mt bn thi u
- Nu i th ca anh ta ( ch ta) hoc bt c vt g ngi mc hay mang trn
ngi chm vo b phn li
- Nu bn tay khng cm vt ca i th chm vo mt bn u.
- Nu i th ca anh ta,ch ta hoc bt c vt g m ngi mc hay mang
trn ngi lm x dch mt bn thi y.

22
 - Nu i th ca anh ta,ch ta hoc bt c vt g ngi mc hay mang trn
ngi chm vo b phn li.
- Nu bn tay khng cm vt ca i th chm vo mt bn u.
- Nu i i phng nh bng sai trnh t c xc nh bi ngi giao
bng u tin v ngi giao bng u tin
- Nh iu kin quy nh phng php nh khn trng.
8/Phng php nh khn trng:
- Phng php nh khn trng s c p dng nu khi thi u ht 10 pht
m cha kt thc xong mt vn, ngoi tr c hai u th hoc hai i u th t
c t ra ti 9 im hoc l bt k thi im no sm hn theo yu cu ca 2 u
th hoc c hai i u th.
- Nu bng ang trong cuc m n thi gian gii hn th trng ti dng trn
u s c tip tc vi qu giao bng bi u th giao bng ca ln nh bng
m b dng li
- Nu bng khng trong cuc khi n thi gian gii hn th trn u s tip tc
vi qu giao bng thuc v u th giao bng ngay tc th sau ln nh bng qua
li trc .
- Sau mi u th s lun phin giao bng cho tng im mt v nu u th
hay cp i tr bng tt 13 ln th bn giao bng s c tnh mt im.
- Mt khi m phng pht nh khn trng s c p dng th n s tin hnh
cho ti cui trn u.

23
 TI LIU THAM KHO

1. L Vn Inh, 2001, Bng bn, NXB tr TP. HCM

2. Khu Trung Hu - T Dn Sinh, 2001, Bng bn hin i, NXB TDTT H Ni
3. Trng Hu Khm T Khm, 2001, Hun luyn k - chin thut bng bn
hin i, NXB TDTT H Ni
4. Nguyn Danh Thi V Thnh sn,1999, Bng bn, NXB TDTT H Ni
5. y ban TDTT, 2003, Lut bng bn, NXB TDTT H Ni.

24