4 Skema Pemarkahan Rate of Reaction

SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION
SKEMA PEMARKAHAN - CHAPTER 1 FORM 5 RATE OF REACTION
SOALAN OBJEKTIF.
1 Konsep ROR
1 C 6 B 11 B 16 B
2 D 7 B 12 C 17 D
3 D 8 C 13 B 18 A
4 A 9 D 14 B 19 B
5 B 10 D 15 C 20 D
2 Luas Permukaan
1 D 2 D 3 D
3 Kepekatan
1 B 3 B 5 C 7 D
2 B 4 B 6 C
4 Suhu
1 C 2 C 3 C
5 Mangkin
1 A 3 B 5 B
2 C 4 A 6 C
1
SOALAN STRUKTUR
1 (a) Temperature 1
(b) Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2 2
(c) Set I = 20.00 = 0.33 cm3/s 1

60
Set II = 32.00 = 0.53 cm3/s 1
60
(d) Volume (cm3) 2
Set I
Set II
Time (s)
(e)(i) Experiment 2 1
(ii) The particles of reactants gain more kinetic energy
Therefore, hydrogen ions and Zinc atom are collide each 1
other more rapidly 1
The effective frequency of collision between hydrogen ions
and zinc increase, 1
TOTAL 11
2
No 2 Explanation Mark Mark

(a) Able to state the meaning of the rate of reaction
Sample answer :
Change in quantity of reactant / product in a certain range of time //
speed at which reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction//
Change in quantity of reactant / product 1 1
Time
(b) Able to write a balanced chemical equation
Answer : Zn + 2HClZnCl2+H2
1. Correct formula of reactant and product 1
2. Balanced equation 1 2
(c)(i) Able to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid used
Answer :
1. No of mole of hydrogen gas produced
1
2. Ratio of HCl to H2
2 mol of HCl produced 1 mol of H2//
0.0025m mol of HCl produced 0.00125 mol of H2
1
3. Concentration of HCl used
mol dm-3 //0.05 mol dm-3 1 3
(ii) Able to calculate the average rate of reaction
Answer : cm3 min-1 // cm3 s-1 // 6 cm3 min-1 // 0.1 cm3 s-1
1 1
(d) Able to explain why the rate of reaction decreases with time by using
collision theory
Sample answer :
1. The concentration of H+ ion decreases // The number of H+ ion per 1
unit volume decreases
2. The frequency of collision between H+ ion and zinc decreases 1
3. The frequency of effective collision decreases 1 3
(e) Able to sketch a correct curve when using the same volume and
concentration of sulphuric acid to replace hydrochloric acid 1 1
Answer :
Volume of gas/cm3
Isi padu gas/cm3
60
30
Time/min
Masa/min
3
Number Answer / sample answer Marks

5 ( CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
3 a) 1
1. Correct formula reactants and products 1 2
2. Balanced equation
( ( correct label of axes and units for both axes X and Y and
b) i) correct uniform scale 1
correct transfer of data 1
smooth curve 1 3
( tangent on the curve 1
ii) answer : 0.14 0.05 cm3s-1 1 2
( ( Volume of gas / cm3
c) i)
b(i)
c(i)
Time /s
( (Refer to (b) (i)

ii) 1. The smaller the size of reactants, the larger the total surface
area // 1
2. frequency of collision between particles increases 1
3. frequency of effective collision increases 1 4
( vice versa for (c) (i) )
4
4 (a) (i)Hydrogen 1
(ii) Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

1
- Reactants and products are correct 1
- Equation is balanced
(iii) No of mol Mg = 1.2/24 = 0.05 mol

Mol of H2 = 0.05 mol 1
1
Volume of H2 = 0.05 x 24 dm3/1.2 dm3/1200 cm3
1
(b)
- Experiment I is higher 1
- Concentration of hydrochloric acid is higher/Time 1
taken in experiment I is shorter
** Reject if not mentioned EXP I
(c) -Uses of catalyst 1

- Temperature 1
TOTAL 10
5
5 Explanation Mark
Mark
(a) Able to draw a complete, functional and label the apparatus set-up
Hydrochloric Water
acid
Calcium carbonate
1. Functional of apparatus:
Clamp the burette, dotted line for water and hydrochloric acid, end of
delivery tube below water level in the basin. 1
2. Label:
Hydrochloric acid/ HCl, calcium carbonate/ CaCO3, water 1 2
(b) Able to draw the graph with these criterion:
1 Labelled axis with correct unit 1

2 Uniform scale for X and Y axis & size of the graph is at least half of
the 1
graph paper 1
3 All points are marked 1 4
4 Correct shape, Curve is smooth and start from origin point
(c)(i) Able to draw the tangent and show the working and correct unit
1 Correct tangent at 90 second on the graph 1

2 Show calculation of the tangent with correct answer and unit
Range ( 0.10 0.17 ) cm3s-1 1 2
(ii) Lower // accept one value than answer in c (i) 1 1
(iii) The concentration of the acid decreases 1 1
Total 10
6
Question Answer Mark

number
6 (a)
hydrogen peroxide
solution
manganese(IV)
oxide
functional diagram 1
label 1
(b) (i) Oxygen 1
(ii) 2H2O2 2 H2O + O2 [formula correct and balanced] 2

[Formula correct but not balanced, 1 mark]
(c) (i) Experiment II 1
(ii) Concentration of hydrogen peroxide in Expt II is higher than in Expt I 1
(iii)
II
2
(d) Lower the activation energy ( 1)
Frequency of effective collision increases (1) 2
Total 11
7
Question Rubric Score

7(a)
Able to state the comparison of the observation correctly.
Sample answer
More bubbles produced in Experiment II than in Experiment I //

3
Water level in Experiment II is lower than in Experiment I //
Gas volume in Experiment II is more than the gas volume in

Experiment I
[vice-versa]
7(b)
Able to state the inference correctly
Sample answer
3
Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than in Experiment I //
Rate of bubbles produced in Experiment II is higher than in

Experiment I //
Bubbles produced faster in Experiment II (vice-versa)
7(c)
Able to state all three variables correctly
Sample answer
Manipulated variable : Total surface area of calcium

carbonate(marble) // Size of calcium carbonate
3
name the reactant
Responding variable : Rate of reaction //

Rate of bubbles formed//
Water level//
Volume of gas
Fixed variable : Mass of calcium carbonate //

Volume / Concentration of hydrochloric acid//
Temperature
a: symbols for substances
8
7(d)
Able to suggest a correct relationship between the MV and the RV
with direction
Sample answer
3
Total surface area of calcium carbonate increases/decreases, the rate
of reaction increases/decreases //
The bigger/smaller size of calcium carbonate, the rate reaction

increases/decreases
a: [2 statements]
7(e)
Able to write all the burette readings with 2 decimal places
49.70 40.10 31.50
24.10 19.50 15.10
11.50 9.60 8.10 8.10 3
7(f)(i)
Able to plot the graph with
1. All the correct points

2. smooth curve 3
7(f)(ii)
Able to extrapolate the graph and predict the time correctly
1. a curve ending with a horizontal portion and

2. state a time [3 3.5] min 3
7(f)(iii)
Able to calculate the rate of reaction with correct unit
Sample answer
3
3 -1
41.60 = [ 11.89 13.87] cm min
[3 3.5]
9
7(g)
Able to state the operational definition of rate of reaction refer to 3
criteria
1. describe the operation[add different sizes of calcium

carbonate to hydrochloric acid]
2. *observation[more bubbles per unit time]
3. has higher rate of reaction 3
*observation can refer to 1(a)
7(h)
Able to classify all the 5 ions correctly
a : [names]
Sample answer
Positive ion : Ca2+ , H+ 3
Negative ion : CO32- , Cl- , OH-
7(i)
Able to describe the change of colour and compare time taken
correctly.
Sample answer
3
Colour of small prawns becomes red/pink/orange faster than big
prawns
10
8 (a) [able to state the colour of sulphur correctly]

Example:
Light Yellow / kuning muda 1 .....1
(b) [able to explain how to measure a fixed quantity of sulphur produced
correctly]
Example:
1. A piece of white paper marked X was placed under the conical
flask
1
2. Time taken for enough sulphur to produce and cover the mark
X until it disappear from sight
1 .....2
(c) (i) 1
[able to calculate the correctly ]
time
Example:
1
(s 1 )
time
0.030 0.042 0.053 0.063 0.071 1
1
(s 1 )
masa .....1
(ii) [able to draw the graph correctly]

1. both axes are labelled correctly 1
2. All 5 points transferred correctly 1 .....2
(d) (i) [able to state the relationship correctly]
Example:
When the temperature increases, the rate of reaction increases 1 .....1
(ii) [able to explain using the collision theory correctly]
Example:
1. Increase in temperature increases the kinetic energy of
thiosulphate ion / particles // Thiosulphate ion move faster 1
2. Frequency of collision between thiosulphate ion and 1
hydrogen ion increases.
3. Frequency of effective collision increases 1 .....3
TOTAL 10
11
SOALAN ESEI BAHAGIAN B RESPON TERTUTUP
Question Mark scheme Mark Mark

1(a) P1. Smaller size has larger total surface area. 1 4
P2. Absorb heat faster. 1
P3. Bigger size has smaller total surface area. 1
P4. Absorb heat slower 1
(b)(i) Copper(II) sulphate 1 1
(b)(ii) 1. Experiment I 1 2
Rate of reaction = 40/2 = 20 cm3 min-1 1
2. Experiment II
Rate of reaction = 60/2 = 30 cm3min-1
(b)(iii) P1. Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than Experiment I. 1 5
P2. Substance X used in Experiment II is a catalyst. 1
P3. Catalyst provided an alternative path with requires a lower 1
activation energy. 1
P4. More particles are able to achieve lower activation energy. 1
P5. Frequency of effective collisions between zinc atoms and
hydrogen ions are higher.
(b)(iv) 1. Label of axes and unit 1 2

2. Correct curve and label 1
(v) 1. Correct formula of reactants and product 1 2

2. Balanced equation 1
Zn + 2H+ Zn2+ + H2
(vi) 1. Rate of reaction using sulphuric acid is higher. 1 4

2. Volume of hydrogen gas released is doubled. 1
3. Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid. 1
4. Concentration of hydrogen ions in sulphuric acid is double 1
than that in hydrochloric acid.
Total 20
12
No. Mark Scheme Sub Total

Mark Mark
2 (a) Rate of reaction is the speed at which reactants are
converted into products in a chemical reaction. 1 1
(b) 30 = 0.25 cm3s-1

(i) 2x 60 1
45 = 0.375 / 0.38 cm3s-1

(ii) 2x 60 1 3
15 = 0.125 / 0.13 cm3s-1

(iii) 2x 60 1
(c) CaCO3 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O

(i)
Reactant and product correct 1
2
Balance equation 1
(ii) The number of moles CaCO3 = 0.2/40 + 12 + (16x3)

= 0.002 mol
1
1 mole of CaCO3 releases 1 mole of CO2. (ratio of
CaCO3 to CO2) 1
0.002 mole of CaCO3 releases 0.002 mole of CO2
The maximum volume of CO2 = 0.002 x 22.4 1 4
= 0.0448 dm3
= 44.8 cm3
1
(d) - Experiment II has a higher rate of reaction
(i) compared to experiment I 1
- The concentration of sulphuric acid, H2SO4 in
experiment II is higher than experiment I 1
- When the concentration of the solution is
increase/higher, the number of reactant
particles also increase/higher.
- The frequency of collision between carbonate 1
ions and hydrogen ions increases
- The frequency of effective collision also 1 5
increases
- Experiment I has a higher rate of reaction 1
compared to experiment III
(d) - The temperature used in experiment I is higher
(ii) than in experiment III 1
13
- Higher temperature causes particles move

faster/higher//kinetic energy is increase 1
- Frequency of collision between carbonate ions
and hydrogen ions increase 1
- The frequency of effective collision also
increases 5
1
1
TOTAL 20
14
MARK
QUESTION NO Marking Criteria
SUB TOTAL
3 (a) - Industries emit (acidic gases)/(sulphur dioxide). 1
- These gases dissolve in rainwater forming acid rain. 1
- The rain water has a higher concentration of acid. 1
- more collisions between (reacting particles)/(metal 1 4
and acid) to occur.
(b) (i) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 1
HCl : H2 = 2 : 1 1
Mole of H2 = x 0.4 x 50/1000// 0.01 1
Volume of H2 = 0.01 x 24 // 0.24 #dm3# 1 4
(ii)
Volume(dm3)
0.24
II
0.12 III
I
5 10 Time (min.)
0
- Axes are labels with units 1

- Curves I, II and curve III are leveling started 1
at 10 and 5 minutes respectively.
- The gradient of curves II and III are more 1
steep than curve I
- Volume of graph level off in Exp. II is 0.24 1 4
dm3 and 0.12 dm3 in Exp. I and III.
(iii) I: rate = 0.12 x 1000/10 x 60 // 0.2 1

II: rate = 0.24 x 1000/10 x 60 //0.4 1
III: rate = 0.12 x 1000/5 x 60 // 0.4 1 3
(iv) Experiment I and Experiment II:

- The initial rate of reaction in experiment II is 1
higher.
- The concentration of hydrochloric acid in 1
experiment II is higher.
- The frequency of collision between zinc atoms and 1
hydrogen ions is higher.
- The frequency of effective collision also increases. 1
Experiment I and Experiment III:

- The initial rate of reaction in experiment III is 1
15
higher.
- The powdered zinc has a larger total surface area. 1
- The frequency of collision between zinc atoms and 1
hydrogen ions is higher.
- The frequency of effective collision also increases. 1 8
16
4 (a) 1.Smaller pieces of charcoal has larger/bigger total surface total 1

area
2.Smaller pieces of charcoal is easier to burn when exposed to 1
oxygen
3.More heat is produced by smaller pieces of charcoal than big 1
pieces
4.More heat energy is absorbed by the food 1 4
(b) (i) ) 40/160 // 0.25 cm3s -1 1
(ii) ) Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 1+1
1. Correct formula od reactants

2. Correct formula of products
3. Mol of H2SO4 = 0.5 X 50/1000 // 0.025mol 1
From equation, 1 mol of H2SO4 1 mol of H2

4. If 0.025 mol of H2SO4 0.025 mol of H2 1
5.
Volume of H2 = 0.025 x 24 dm3 //0.6 dm3 //
1
0.025 x 24000//600 cm3
5
(iii)
Expt I and II
1.Rate of reaction of expt I is higher 1
2.The size of zinc in Expt I is smaller 1
3.Total surface area of zinc in Expt I is bigger/larger 1
4.The frequency of collision between zinc atom and hydrogen 1
ion/H+ in Expt I is higher
5. The frequency of effective collision between particles in Exp I is 1
higher
Expt II and III
1. Rate of reaction in Expt II is higher
2.The concentration of sulphuric acid in Exp II is higher 1
3. The no. of H+ per unit volume in Expt II is higher/greater in Expt 1
II// the concentration of hydrogen ion in Expt II is higher 1
4. The frequency of collision between zinc atom and H+ in Expt II is
higher 1
5. The frequency of effective collision in Expt II is higher 1
10
Total 20
17
5 (a) Able to state

(i) Sulphuric acid 1
Mg + H2SO4 MgSO4 + H2 1
(ii) Able to draw an energy profile diagram that shows the following five
information:
1. label of energy on vertical axis 1
2. The position of the energy level of the reactant is higher than the 1
energy level of the product
3. Correct position of Ea 1
4. Correct position of Ea 1
5. Correct position of H 1
If energy level diagram given, not energy profile diagram, award pt1 and pt2
only)
Able to give explanation by stating the following information:
1. Reaction is exothermic
2. The reactants contain moare energy than the products
3. Heat given nout during bond formation is greater than heat
absorbed during bond breaking
4. H is the energy difference between the reactants and products
5. Activation energy, Ea must be overcome in order for the reaction
to take place
6. The use of catalyst reduces the activation energy 5
(must correspond to the energy profile diagram: negative
catalyst increases the activation energy)
7. the use of catalyst increases the frequency of effective collision
between H+ ion and magnesium atom
(Neagative catalyst reduces the frequency of effective collision
between H+
and magnesium atom)
any five points:
Note: If endothermic reaction: Pts 1,2,3 lost

(b) (i) Able to calculate the average rate of reaction 1+
1. volume divided by time 1
2. Correct answer with the unit
Avarage rate of reaction = 400 cm3
200 s
= 2 cm3 s-1
18
(ii) Able to explain the difference in the rate of reaction by stating the
following information
1. The rate of reaction for Experiment II is higher/greater than 1

Experiment I
r: slower/faster
2. This is because sulphuric acid in Experiment II is 1
diprotic/dibasic acid
3. Hydrochloric acid in Experiment I is monoprotic/monobasic 1
acid
(Basicity of acid in Experiment II is higher than acid in
Experiment I gives pts 2 and 3) 1 6
4. Diprotic acid has higher concentration of H+ ion //monoprotic
acid has lower concentration of H+ ion
a: more/higher number/less H+ 1
5. The frequency of collision between H+ ion and magnesium in
Experiment II is higher than in Experiment I// The frequency of
collision between H+ ion and magnesium in Experiment I is
lower than in Experiment II
r: between particles
1
6. The frequency of effective collision in Experiment II is
higher/greater than in Experiment I// The frequency of effective
collision in Experiment I is lower/smaller than in Experiment II
19
6 (a) Smaller pieces of charcoal have bigger total surface area 1

More area is exposed to oxygen 1
Big pieces of charcoal have smaller total surface area 1
Less area is exposed to oxygen 1 4
(b) (i) Rate of reaction of Exp I : 1/18= 0.056 s -1 1

Rate of reaction of Exp II: 1/10= 0.100 s -1 1 2
(ii) Mol of sulphuric acid:

10x 0.1 // 0.001
1000 1
Mol of Sodium thiosulphate :
50x 0.1 // 0.005
1000 1
1 mol of sulphuric acid produce 1 mol of S
0.001 of sulphuric acid produce 0.001 mol of S 1
Mass of sulphur: 0.001 x 32 g // 3.2 g 1....4
Exp I and II
Rate of reaction of Exp II is higher 1

Exp II has higher temperature, 1
the kinetic energy of the particles higher 1
The frequency of collision between hydrogen ions and
thiosulphate ions increases 1
Frequency of effective collision increases 1....5
Exp I and III

Rate of reaction of Exp I is higher 1
The concentration of Exp I is higher 1
The number particles per unit volume in the solution increases 1
The frequency of collision between hydrogen ions and 1
thiosulphate ions increases
The frequency of effective collision increases 15
TOTAL 20
20
SOALAN ESEI bahagian C respon terbuka
1.a.(i)
The speed at which reactant are converted into product in a chemical reaction// 1
change in selected quantity of reactant or product per unit of time taken.
(ii) Total surface area / concentration of reactant / temperature of reactant / use of

catalyst / pressure of gaseous reactant 1+1
(any 4)
b) To make the coffee powder and sugar dissolve easier in water.
The heat given to the water will give more kinetic energy to the particles. 1
The particles of water, coffee powder and sugar move faster.

1
They will collide each other more frequent.
The frequency of effective collision will increase. 1
Precipitate : Sulphur 1
1
c)
Materials:
0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate, 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, a piece of white
1
paper marked X at the centre.
Apparatus:
150 cm3 conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm3 measuring cylinder, 10 cm3 measuring 1
cylinder, thermometer, Bunsen burner, wire gauze.
Procedure:
Using a measuring cylinder, 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution 1
is measured and poured into a conical flask.
The conical flask is placed on top of a piece of white paper marked X at the
centre.
1
5 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid is measured using another measuring
cylinder.
The sulphuric acid is poured immediately and carefully into the conical flask. At
1
the same time, the stop watch is atarted
The mixture in a conical flask is swirled.

1
21
The X mark is observed vertically from the top of the conical flask through the
solution.
1
The stopwatch is stopped once the X mark disappears from view.
Step 1 7 are repeated using 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate 1
solution at 40oC, 50oC, 60 oC by heating the solution before 5 cm3 of sulphuric
acid is added in. 1
(Max 8)
Conclusion 1
The increase of temperature, increase the rate of reaction
1
20
22
QUESTION SAMPLE ANSWER SCORE

2 (a) How does the temperature affect (the rate of reaction) / (the time
for mark X to disappear from sight)? 3
2(b) Manipulated variable : Temperature of sodium thiosulphate
solution.
Responding variable : The rate of reaction // 3
the time for mark X to disappear from
sight
Fixed variable : Volume and concentration of sodium
thiosulphate solution //
Volume and concentration of sulphuric acid.
2(c) When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution increases,

(the rate of reaction increases) / (the time for mark X to 3
disappear from sight is short)
2(d) Substances : 0.2 mol dm-3 of sodium thiosulphate solution,
1.0 mol dm-3 of sulphuric acid.
Apparatus : Thermometer, stopwatch, conical flask,

measuring cylinder 50 cm3, 3
measuring cylinder 10 cm3, tripod stand, wire gauze,
bunsen burner, white paper marked X.
2(e) Procedures :
1. 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
measured by using measuring cylinder and pour into
conical flask.
2. 5 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 sulphuric acid is measured by using
measuring cylinder.
3. Sodium thiosulphate solution in the conical flask is heated
until the temperature is 30 oC 3
4. The conical flask is put on the white paper that have
marked X.
5. The sulphuric acid is poured quickly into the conical flask
and get the time for mark X disappear from sight.
6. Repeat step 1 until 5 using different temperature.
2(f)
Time for mark X 3
o
Experiment Temperature / C disappear from
sight / s
I
II
III
IV
V
Total mark Max 17
23
Question Mark Scheme Marks

3(a) Able to give the problem statement correctly 3
Sample Answer
Does catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) affect the rate of reaction /

(decomposition of hydrogen peroxide)? //
How does a catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) affect the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide)? //
What is the effect of catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) on the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide)? //
Able to state the problem statement less accurate. 2
Sample Answer
Catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) affects the rate of reaction /

(decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) //
To investigate the effect of catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) on the

rate of reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide).
Able to give an idea of problem statement. 1
Sample answer:
Catalyst affects the decomposition.//
Catalyst affects the reaction
No response or wrong response 0
24

3(b) Able to state the three variables correctly 3
Sample Answer
Manipulated variable
Catalyst
Responding variable
Rate of reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) // Time
taken for lighted splinter rekindle.
Contant variable
Volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide
Able to state any two variables correctly. 2
Able to state any one variable correctly. 1
25

3(c) Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable 3
and the responding variable correctly with direction.
Sample Answer
Catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) increases / decreases the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) //
The presence of catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) increases /

decreases the rate of reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen
peroxide) //
When catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) is present, the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) increases/decreases
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable 2

and the responding variable correctly without stating the
direction.
Sample answer
Catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) affects / changes the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) //
The presence of catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) affects / changes

the rate of reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) //
When catalyst / (manganese(IV) oxide) is present, the rate of

reaction / (decomposition of hydrogen peroxide) changes / different
Able to state an idea of hypothesis. 1
Sample answer
Catalyst affects the decomposition.//
Catalyst affects the reaction //
Catalyst changes the reaction //
26

3(d) Able to list completely the materials and apparatus 3
Sample Answer
Materials:
20-volume hydrogen peroxide, manganese(IV) oxide
Apparatus:
Test/boiling tube, spatula, wooden splinter
Able to list incompletely materials and apparatus 2
Sample answer
Materials:
Hydrogen peroxide, manganese(IV) oxide
Apparatus:
Test/boiling tube, wooden splinter
Able to give an idea of materials and apparatus 1
Sample answer
Materials:
Hydrogen peroxide
Apparatus:
Test / boiling tube / [any suitable container]
27

3(e) Able to state the steps correctly 3
Sample Answer
1. Pour [5-10 cm3 ] hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 into a test tube /

(test tube I)
2. Add [little/(0.-1.0) g] manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2 into the test
tube / (test tube I)
3. Bring/insert/place/put a glowing wooden splinter to the mouth
of the test tube / (test tube I)
4. Record the time taken for the glowing splinter light up.
5. Repeat (in test tube II) the experiment / (step 1, 3 and 4) without
manganese(IV) oxide
Able to state the steps partially correct 2
Sample answer
1. Pour hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 into a test tube / (test tube I)

2. Add manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2 into the test tube / (test tube I)
3. Bring/insert/place/put a glowing wooden splinter to the test tube /
(test tube I)
4. Record the observation.
Able to give an idea of the procedure 1
Sample answer
Add manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2 into hydrogen peroxide, H2O2
28

3(f) Able to exhibit the tabulation of data that includes the following 2
information:
1 Heading for the manipulated variable
2 Heading for the responding variable
Sample Answer
Experiment / test tube Rate of reaction / observation

Catalyst presence /
Manganese(IV) oxide/ MnO2/ I
No catalyst / II
//
Rate of reaction / observation
Hydrogen peroxide/H2O2 and
manganese(IV) oxide/
MnO2/catalyst
Hydrogen peroxide/H2O2
Able to exhibit the incomplete tabulation of data that includes: 1
1 Heading for the manipulated variable
2 Heading for the responding variable
Sample answer
Experiment / test tube /catalyst Rate of reaction / observation
Total 17 marks
Notes : In question no. 2, accept alternate answers if student use other suitable reaction
with correct reactants and catalyst.
29
4 (a) (i) P : [any metal situated above Cu in the ECS] 1

Example :
Magnesium / Zinc / Aluminium
[r : Potassium / sodium]
Q : Any acid 1
Example :
Hydrochloric acid / Sulphuric / Nitric acid
[ a : weak acid]
[Chemical equations]
1+1 4
1. Correct formula of reactant and product
2. Balance chemical equations
Sample answer : Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2
(a) (ii) Experiment I : = 30 // 3 cm3 s-1 1

10
Experiment II : = 30 // 1.5 cm3 s-1 1 2

20
[ Unit must be correct ]

(a) (iii) 1. Rate of reaction in experiment I is higher than Experiment
II. 1
2. The concentration of acid in Experiment I more than in
Experiment II // Number of hydrogen ions perunit volume in
Experiment I more than in Experiment II. 1
3. Frequency of collision between hydrogen ion and metal P in
Experiment I is higher than in Experiment II. 1
4. Frequency of effective collision between particles in
Experiment I is higher than in Experiment II. 1 4
30
(b) Factor : Size of Reactant
1. [Name of reactants used] 1

Example :
Zinc / Magnesium / calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid
2. Pour [20-50] cm3 an acid* 1.0 mol dm-3 into a conical flask. 1
3. Filled a burette with a water and inverted it over a basin of
water and clamp a burette vertically using retort stand. 1
4. Initial burette reading is recorded. 1
5. Granulated / pieces of metal / metal carbonate is added into
a conical. The conical flask is closed immediately with
stopper and delivery tube. 1
6. Start the stopwatch. 1
7. The volume of gas collected is recorded at 30 seconds
intervals. 1
8. Step 1 to 8 is repeated by using a powder of metal / metal
carbonate. 1
9. Results : 1
Exp .1 : Using a large piece of metal/metal carbonate

Time(s) 0 30 60 90
3
Volume of gas (cm)
Exp. II :Using a powder of metal /metal carbonate

Time (s) 0 30 60 90
3)
Volume of gas (cm )
10. Sketch the graph of volume of gas against time for both
experiment at same axes. 1
Volume of gas/ cm3
II
Time/ s
11. [Gradient graph using powder is higher than large pieces] 1

12. Rate of reaction using powder is higher than large pieces 1
Max
10
31
Factor : Temperature
1. [Name of reactants used] 1

Example :
Sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid 1
2. [ 20 -100] cm3 of sodium thiosulphate solution [ 0.1 1.0 ]

mol dm-3 is pour into a conical flask. 1
3. Record the temperature of sodium thiosulphate. 1
4. The conical flask is placed on the top of piece of white paper
with mark X. 1
5. 5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid is pour quickly into a conical
flask. Stir the mixture / the conical flask is swirl. 1
6. A stopwatch is started immediately. 1
7. The time required for the mark X is disappear from sight is
recorded. 1
8. Step 1 to 7 is repeated using sodium thiosulphate solution at
35 oC, 40 oC, 45 oC and 50 oC. 1
9. Results :
1
Temperature(oC)
Time (s)
1/time (s-1)
10. Plot the graph of : 1

i) Temperature against time OR
ii) Temperature against 1 /time
Temperature / oC
Time / s
1
11. Conclusion : The higher the temperature, the higher the rate
of reaction. Max
10
TOTAL 20
32
Soalan 5.
Experiment 1: Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O
Question No. Rubric Score

5 (i) Able to give the statement of the problem accurately.
Response is in question form.
Sample answer:
Does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect

the rate of reaction? //
3
How does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution
affect the rate of reaction? //
How does the high / low temperature of sodium thiosulphate

solution affect the rate of reaction?
Able to give the statement of the problem less accurately.

Response in question form.
Sample answer:
Does the increase / decrease in temperature 2

increase/decrease the rate of reaction? //
How does the increase/decrease in temperature affect the

rate of reaction?
Able to give an idea of statement of the problem.
Sample answer:
Does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
The increase/decrease in temperature will increase

/decrease the rate of reaction. // 1
The higher / lower in temperature will increase /decrease the

rate of reaction. //
To investigate the effect of temperature to the rate of

reaction.
33

5(ii) Able to state the three variables correctly
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable:
Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution
3
Rate of reaction // Time taken for mark X to become
invisible /disappear
Constant variable:
Volume and concentration of sodium thiosulphate/ sulphuric
acid / size of conical flask
Able to state any two variables correctly 2
Able to state any one variables correctly 1
34

5 (iii) Able to state the relationship correctly between the
manipulated variable and the responding variable with
direction.
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate
solution, the higher/lower the rate of reaction. //
The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate

solution, the shorter/longer the time taken for mark X to
3
disappear from sight/view //
The increase/decrease in temperature of sodium

thiosulphate solution will increase/decrease the rate of
reaction. //
When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

increase /decrease, the rate of reaction will
increase/decrease.
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated

variable and the responding variable with direction.
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the rate
of reaction. //
2
The higher/lower the temperature, the shorter/longer the
time taken for mark X to disappear //
The increases/decreases in temperature will increase

/decrease the rate of reaction. //
Able to state the idea of hypothesis.
Sample answer;
1
Different temperature, different reactivity. //
Temperature changes, the time taken is different.
35

5 (iv) Able to give complete list of materials and apparatus
Sample answer:
Materials:
Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid.
3
Apparatus:
Conical flask, ,bunsen burner, measuring cylinder (10 ml),
measuring cylinder (50 ml), stop-watch, filter /white
/cardboard paper.
Able to give complete list of materials and four apparatus as

following.
Answer:
Materials:
2
Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid.
Apparatus :
Conical flask, thermometer, bunsen burner, filter / white
/cardboard paper.
Able to give at least one substances and at least one

apparatus. 1
36

5 (v) Able to list all the steps correctly
Sample Answer:
1. X mark is drawn on a piece of white/filter/ cardboard

paper.
2. 50 cm3 of sodium thiosuphate solution [(0.01-1.0)
mol dm-3] is measured with a (50 cm3 ) measuring
cylinder and is poured into a conical flask.
3. The solution is slowly heated until 30 oC.
4. 5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid [(0.1- 2.0) mol dm-3] is
measured with a (10 cm3) measuring cylinder and is
3
added to the conical flask. A stop-watch is started
immediately.
5. The conical flask is swirled and is placed on a
white/filter/cardboard paper with a mark X.
6. The X mark is observed vertically from the top
through the solution.
7. The stop-watch is stopped immediately when the X
mark cannot be seen. Time is recorded.
8. The experiment is repeated by using the sodium
thiosuphate solution at 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC and 70 oC
respectively.
Able to list down steps 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 2
Able to give an idea to step 4. 1
37

5 (vi) Able to tabulate the data with following aspects
1. Correct titles with units

2. Complete list of temperatures
Sample answer:
Temperature Time
(oC) (s) 2
30
40
50
60
70
Able to contruct a table.
1. At least 1 titles correct without units

2. Incomplete list of tempereatures
Sample answer:
Temperature
1
30
38
Experiment 2: 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2

5 (i) Able to give the statement of the problem accurately.
Response is in question form.
Sample answer:
Does the temperature of hydrochloric acid solution affect the

rate of reaction? //
3
How does the temperature of hydrochloric acid solution
affect the rate of reaction? //
How does the high / low temperature of solution affect the

rate hydrochloric acid of reaction?
Able to give the statement of the problem less accurately.

Response in question form.
Sample answer:
Does the increase / decrease in temperature 2

increase/decrease the rate of reaction? //
How does the increase/decrease in temperature affect the

rate of reaction?
Able to give an idea of statement of the problem.
Sample answer:
Does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
The increase/decrease in temperature will increase

/decrease the rate of reaction. // 1
The higher / lower in temperature will increase /decrease the

rate of reaction. //
To investigate the effect of temperature to the rate of

reaction.
39

5 (ii) Able to state the three variables correctly
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable:
Temperature of hydrochloric acid
3
Responding variable:
Rate of reaction // Volume of gas per unit time
Constant variable:
Mass/size of zinc //
Volume and concentration of hydrochloric acid
Able to state any two variables correctly 2
Able to state any one variables correctly 1
40

5 (iii) Able to state the relationship correctly between the
manipulated variable and the responding variable with
direction.
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the
higher/lower the rate of reaction. //
The higher/lower the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the

higher/lower the volume of the hydrogen gas release per 3
unit time //
The increase/decrease in temperature of hydrochloric acid

will increase/decrease the rate of reaction. //
When the temperature of hydrochloric acid

increases/decreases, the rate of reaction will
increase/decrease.
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated

variable and the responding variable with direction.
Sample answer:
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the rate
of reaction. //
2
The higher/lower the temperature, the higher/lower the
volume of the hydrogen gas released per unit time. //
The increase/decrease in temperature will

increase/decrease the rate of reactions. //
Able to state the idea of hypothesis.
Sample answer;
1
Different temperature, different reactivity. //
Temperature changes, the time taken is different.
41

5 (iv) Able to give complete list of materials and apparatus
Sample answer:
Materials:
Zinc, hydrochloric acid
3
Apparatus:
Conical flask, thermometer , bunsen burner, stop-watch
measuring cylinder (50 ml), delivery tube and stopper,
burette, basin,
Able to give all materials and five apparatus as following.
Answer:
Materials:
Zinc, hydrochloric acid 2
Apparatus :
Conical flask, thermometer, bunsen burner, delivery tube,
burette
Able to give at least one substance and at least one

apparatus. 1
42

5 (v) Able to list all the steps correctly
Sample Answer:
1. Burette is filled with water and inverted into a basin

containing water.
2. The burette is clamped vertically using retort stand.
3. Initial reading of burette is recorded.
4. [20-50] cm3 of hydrochloric acid [(0.01-1.0) mol
dm-3] is measured with a (50 ml) measuring cylinder
and is poured into a conical flask.
5. The solution is slowly heated until 30 oC. 3
6. 2 g of zinc is weighed, and is put into the conical
flask.
7. The conical flask is closed immediately with a
stopper which is joined to the delivery tube and
the stopwatch is started.
8. The burette reading is recorded at interval of 30
seconds until the reaction is completed.
9. The experiment is repeated by using the
hydrochloric acid at 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC and
70 oC respectively.
Able to list down steps 1, 4, 6, 8, 9 2
Able to give an idea to step 6. 1
43

5 (vi) Able to tabulate the data with following aspects
1. Correct titles with units

2. Complete list of temperatures
Sample answer:
Temperature Time
(oC) (s) 2
30
40
50
60
70
Able to contruct a table.
1. At least 1 titles correct without units

2. Incomplete list of tempereatures
Sample answer:
Temperature
1
30
44
6 (a) 2H+ + S2O32- S + SO2 + H2O

- all formulae correct 1
- equation balanced 1
(b) Rate of reaction = fixed mass of sulphur formed / time.
- fixed mass of sulphur formed 1
- / time 1
(c) Factor Effect
Concentration of The higher the concentration, the higher the 1
acid rate of reaction 1
Concentration of The higher the concentration, the higher the 1
thiosulphate rate of reaction 1
solution
Temperature of acid The higher the temperature, the higher the 1
rate of reaction 1
Temperature of The higher the temperature, the higher the 1
thiosulphate rate of reaction 1
solution
any two factors and corresponding effects from the above 4
(d) To investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction.
1 Measure 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution* with 1
a measuring cylinder and pour into a conical flask.
2 The conical flask is placed on top of a filter paper marked with a X 1
mark.
3 Measure 5 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid** with a 10 cm3 1
measuring cylinder.
4 Pour the acid into the conical flask quickly and carefully, at the 1
same time start a stop watch.
5 Swirl the mixture in the conical flask slowly 1
6 Observe the X mark on the filter paper from vertically above 1
through the solution.
7 When X marked is not visible through the mixture, stop the stop 1
watch and record the time taken
8 Discard the content in the conical flask and clean the conical flask 1
properly with a brush.
9 Repeat step 1 to 7 by using the volume of sodium thiosulphate 1
solution, distilled water and acid as shown :
Volume of Volume of Volume of Time taken /
solution / distilled water acid / cm3 s
cm3 / cm3
45 5 5
40 10 5
35 15 5
30 20 5
[Table showing the above with volume of acid fixed and time
recorded ] 1
45
10
Plot a graph of concentration against time // time against

concentration// concentration against 1/time // 1/time against
concentration 1
11 - graph
Time / s 1
12
Concentration /moldm-3
[ inference from graph]
13 As the concentration increases, the time taken decreases 1
[conclusion]
14 The higher the concentration, the higher the rate of reaction. 1
* replace with acid if factor is concentration of acid
** replace with sodium thiosulphate solution if factor is
concentration of acid
OR To investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction.
1 Measure 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate solution using 1

a measuring cylinder and pour into a conical flask.
2 Measure the temperature of the solution using a thermometer 1
3 Place the conical flask on top of a piece of white paper with a 'X'
marked at the centre 1
4 Measure 5 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid using a 10 cm3
measuring cylinder. 1
5 Then pour the sulphuric acid quickly and carefully into the conical
flask and start a stop watch immediately. 1
6 Swirl the mixture in the conical flask a few times. Then place the
conical flask back on the white paper. 1
7 Look at the 'X' mark vertically from above through the solution.
8 Stop the stopwatch immediately once the mark 'X' can no longer be 1
seen and record the time t taken .
9 Discard the content in the conical flask and clean the conical flask 1
properly with a brush.
46
10 Repeat steps 1 to 9 by heating the sodium thiosulphate solution to 1

35C, 40C, 450C and 50C respectively at step 2. All other
conditions remain unchanged.
1
11 A graph of time against temperature / temperature against time 1

// 1/ time against temperature / temperature against 1/ time is
plotted
12 Graph 1
Time / s
Temperature / 0C
13 [Inference from graph] :

when the temperature is high, time is low / 1/time is high 1
14 [Conclusion] :
the higher the temperature, the higher the rate of reaction 1
max 12
Total 20
47

4 Skema Pemarkahan Rate of Reaction

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SOLAF CHEMISTRY SPM 2014 RATE OF REACTION

SKEMA PEMARKAHAN - CHAPTER 1 FORM 5 RATE OF REACTION

(c) Set I = 20.00 = 0.33 cm3/s 1

No 2 Explanation Mark Mark

Number Answer / sample answer Marks

( (Refer to (b) (i)

(ii) Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

(iii) No of mol Mg = 1.2/24 = 0.05 mol

(c) -Uses of catalyst 1

(b) Able to draw the graph with these criterion:

1 Labelled axis with correct unit 1

1 Correct tangent at 90 second on the graph 1

(ii) Lower // accept one value than answer in c (i) 1 1

(iii) The concentration of the acid decreases 1 1

Question Answer Mark

(ii) 2H2O2 2 H2O + O2 [formula correct and balanced] 2

Question Rubric Score

More bubbles produced in Experiment II than in Experiment I //

Gas volume in Experiment II is more than the gas volume in

Rate of bubbles produced in Experiment II is higher than in

Bubbles produced faster in Experiment II (vice-versa)

Manipulated variable : Total surface area of calcium

Responding variable : Rate of reaction //

Fixed variable : Mass of calcium carbonate //

a: symbols for substances

The bigger/smaller size of calcium carbonate, the rate reaction

49.70 40.10 31.50

24.10 19.50 15.10

11.50 9.60 8.10 8.10 3

1. All the correct points

1. a curve ending with a horizontal portion and

1. describe the operation[add different sizes of calcium

*observation can refer to 1(a)

Positive ion : Ca2+ , H+ 3

Negative ion : CO32- , Cl- , OH-

8 (a) [able to state the colour of sulphur correctly]

(ii) [able to draw the graph correctly]

SOALAN ESEI BAHAGIAN B RESPON TERTUTUP

Question Mark scheme Mark Mark

(b)(iv) 1. Label of axes and unit 1 2

(v) 1. Correct formula of reactants and product 1 2

(vi) 1. Rate of reaction using sulphuric acid is higher. 1 4

No. Mark Scheme Sub Total

(b) 30 = 0.25 cm3s-1

45 = 0.375 / 0.38 cm3s-1

15 = 0.125 / 0.13 cm3s-1

(c) CaCO3 + H2SO4 CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O

(ii) The number of moles CaCO3 = 0.2/40 + 12 + (16x3)

- Higher temperature causes particles move

- Axes are labels with units 1

(iii) I: rate = 0.12 x 1000/10 x 60 // 0.2 1

(iv) Experiment I and Experiment II:

Experiment I and Experiment III:

4 (a) 1.Smaller pieces of charcoal has larger/bigger total surface total 1

(ii) ) Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 1+1

1. Correct formula od reactants

3. Mol of H2SO4 = 0.5 X 50/1000 // 0.025mol 1

From equation, 1 mol of H2SO4 1 mol of H2

5 (a) Able to state

Note: If endothermic reaction: Pts 1,2,3 lost

1. The rate of reaction for Experiment II is higher/greater than 1

6 (a) Smaller pieces of charcoal have bigger total surface area 1

(b) (i) Rate of reaction of Exp I : 1/18= 0.056 s -1 1

(ii) Mol of sulphuric acid: