NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy Tables Location Parameters

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NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy - Available Tables
Latitude 46 / Longitude 26 was chosen.
Elevation: 593 meters

averaged from the
Geometry Information
USGS GTOPO30
digital elevation model
Northern boundary
47
Center
Western boundary Eastern boundary
Latitude 46.5
26 27
Longitude 26.5
Southern boundary
46
Show A Location Map
Parameters for Solar Cooking:
Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Lon 26
22-year Average 1.36 2.13 3.05 3.82 4.98 5.18 5.29 4.79 3.53 2.36 1.46 1.10
Parameter Definition
Monthly Averaged Midday Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kW/m2)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 0.21 0.28 0.38 0.44 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.55 0.45 0.34 0.23 0.18
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 2.17 3.34 5.01 6.30 7.43 7.67 7.24 6.35 5.23 3.70 2.35 1.82
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Days (days)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 1
Parameters for Sizing and Pointing of Solar Panels and for Solar Thermal Applications:
1 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 1.36 2.13 3.05 3.82 4.98 5.18 5.29 4.79 3.53 2.36 1.46 1.10 3.26
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Insolation (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Minimum -16 -18 -17 -13 -29 -16 -15 -18 -32 -18 -21 -21
Maximum 18 11 18 17 22 16 12 16 27 13 12 25
Monthly Averaged Diffuse Radiation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 0.80 1.11 1.63 1.81 2.49 2.64 2.54 2.23 1.72 1.17 0.84 0.67 1.64
Minimum 0.90 1.19 1.73 1.87 2.42 2.58 2.49 2.19 1.88 1.27 0.91 0.79 1.69
Maximum 0.71 0.97 1.53 1.75 2.32 2.60 2.55 2.25 1.52 1.04 0.72 0.58 1.55
22-year Average K 0.42 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.45 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.44
Minimum K 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.37 0.40 0.40 0.31 0.35 0.32 0.31 0.35
Maximum K 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.48 0.55 0.51 0.52 0.56 0.58 0.49 0.46 0.50 0.51
Diffuse radiation, direct normal radiation and tilted surface radiation are not calculated when the
NOTE: clearness index (K) is below 0.3 or above 0.8.
Monthly Averaged Direct Normal Radiation (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 1.94 2.74 3.00 3.59 4.09 4.08 4.46 4.38 3.55 2.92 1.99 1.61 3.20
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Direct Normal Radiation (%)
Lat 46
Lon 26
Minimum -58 -46 -43 -28 -54 -29 -26 -31 -71 -44 -62 -82
Maximum 61 37 45 34 50 34 22 28 64 37 48 87
Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface At Indicated GMT Times (kW/m2)
Lat 46
Lon 26
Average@00 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Average@06 n/a n/a 0.13 0.22 0.33 0.35 0.33 0.28 0.20 0.12 n/a n/a
Average@09 0.21 0.28 0.38 0.44 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.55 0.45 0.34 0.23 0.18
Average@12 0.19 0.28 0.37 0.40 0.48 0.49 0.52 0.49 0.37 0.27 0.18 0.15
Average@15 n/a n/a 0.11 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.25 0.21 0.11 n/a n/a n/a
2 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Insolation Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average K 0.42 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.45 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.44
Minimum K 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.37 0.40 0.40 0.31 0.35 0.32 0.31 0.35
Maximum K 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.48 0.55 0.51 0.52 0.56 0.58 0.49 0.46 0.50 0.51
Monthly Averaged Insolation Normalized Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 0.39 0.41 0.40 0.38 0.41 0.40 0.43 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.37 0.37
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 2.17 3.34 5.01 6.30 7.43 7.67 7.24 6.35 5.23 3.70 2.35 1.82 4.89
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.68 0.68 0.66 0.64 0.65 0.68 0.68 0.66 0.66
Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Normalized Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year Average 0.62 0.65 0.66 0.62 0.62 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.62 0.62 0.60 0.61
Monthly Averaged Downward Longwave Radiative Flux (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 6.18 6.23 6.62 7.39 8.07 8.58 8.82 8.65 8.10 7.43 6.75 6.31 7.43
Solar Geometry:
Monthly Averaged Solar Noon (GMT time)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 1026 1031 1025 1017 1013 1016 1023 1021 1012 1002 1001 1009
Monthly Averaged Daylight Hours (hours)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 9.11 10.4 11.9 13.5 14.9 15.7 15.3 14.1 12.6 10.9 9.53 8.73
3 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Daylight Average Of Hourly Cosine Solar Zenith Angles (dimensionless)
Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 0.25 0.34 0.42 0.52 0.54 0.54 0.56 0.52 0.44 0.36 0.29 0.22
Monthly Averaged Cosine Solar Zenith Angle At Mid-Time Between Sunrise And Solar Noon (dimensionless)
Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 0.28 0.37 0.47 0.55 0.59 0.61 0.60 0.57 0.51 0.41 0.31 0.25
Monthly Averaged Declination (degrees)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average -20.7 -12.3 -1.81 9.70 18.8 23.0 21.2 13.7 3.09 -8.45 -18.1 -22.8
Monthly Averaged Sunset Hour Angle (degrees)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 66.8 76.8 88.1 100 110 116 113 104 93.2 81.1 70.1 64.0
Monthly Averaged Maximum Solar Angle Relative To The Horizon (degrees)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average 23.2 31.6 42.1 53.7 62.8 67.0 65.2 57.7 47.0 35.5 25.8 21.1
4 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Hourly Solar Angles Relative To The Horizon (degrees)

Lat 46
Lon 26
0000 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
0300 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a 1.55 4.29 1.95 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
0400 GMT n/a n/a n/a 4.11 11.3 13.8 11.4 6.45 0.31 n/a n/a n/a
0500 GMT n/a n/a 4.72 14.5 21.5 23.8 21.5 16.7 10.7 3.87 n/a n/a
0600 GMT 0.20 5.98 14.8 24.8 31.9 34.2 31.9 27.1 20.8 13.5 6.04 1.11
0700 GMT 8.56 14.9 24.3 34.7 42.1 44.5 42.2 37.2 30.3 22.1 14.0 8.95
0800 GMT 15.4 22.5 32.4 43.4 51.5 54.3 51.9 46.3 38.4 29.1 20.3 15.1
0900 GMT 20.4 28.1 38.6 50.2 58.9 62.4 60.1 53.6 44.3 33.8 24.3 19.3
1000 GMT 22.9 31.2 41.8 53.5 62.7 66.8 64.8 57.5 47.0 35.5 25.8 21.0
1100 GMT 22.7 31.2 41.5 52.5 61.1 65.3 64.0 56.7 45.7 34.0 24.4 20.1
1200 GMT 19.9 28.2 37.8 47.4 54.9 58.8 58.1 51.5 40.9 29.4 20.3 16.6
1300 GMT 14.6 22.6 31.2 39.6 46.1 49.7 49.4 43.5 33.5 22.5 14.0 10.9
1400 GMT 7.57 15.0 22.8 30.3 36.2 39.6 39.5 33.9 24.4 13.9 6.08 3.48
1500 GMT n/a 6.11 13.2 20.2 25.8 29.2 29.1 23.7 14.4 4.38 n/a n/a
1600 GMT n/a n/a 3.05 9.80 15.5 18.9 18.8 13.3 4.11 n/a n/a n/a
1700 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a 5.57 9.15 8.81 3.09 n/a n/a n/a n/a
1800 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.06 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
5 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Hourly Solar Azimuth Angles (degrees)

Lat 46
Lon 26
0300 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a 64.2 60.8 60.8 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
0400 GMT n/a n/a n/a 80.4 74.6 70.9 71.1 76.6 85.7 n/a n/a n/a
0500 GMT n/a n/a 97.6 91.0 84.8 80.9 81.2 87.2 96.5 106 n/a n/a
0600 GMT 121 114 108 102 95.7 91.3 91.7 98.2 108 117 124 125
0700 GMT 132 126 121 115 108 103 103 110 120 130 136 136
0800 GMT 144 139 135 130 123 118 118 126 136 144 149 149
0900 GMT 158 154 152 149 145 139 139 145 154 161 164 163
1000 GMT 173 171 171 173 173 170 167 170 175 179 179 177
1100 GMT 188 188 191 197 203 205 200 197 197 197 195 192
1200 GMT 203 205 210 219 228 231 227 221 217 214 210 206
1300 GMT 216 220 227 237 245 249 245 239 233 228 223 219
1400 GMT 229 233 241 251 259 262 259 253 247 241 235 231
1500 GMT n/a 245 253 263 270 273 271 265 259 252 n/a n/a
1600 GMT n/a n/a 264 273 281 283 281 276 270 n/a n/a n/a
1700 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a 291 293 291 286 n/a n/a n/a n/a
1800 GMT n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 304 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Parameters for Tilted Solar Panels:
Monthly Averaged Radiation Incident On An Equator-Pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
SSE HRZ 1.36 2.13 3.05 3.82 4.98 5.18 5.29 4.79 3.53 2.36 1.46 1.10 3.26
K 0.42 0.45 0.44 0.41 0.45 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.46 0.43 0.41 0.40 0.44
Diffuse 0.80 1.11 1.63 1.81 2.49 2.64 2.54 2.23 1.72 1.17 0.84 0.67 1.64
Direct 1.94 2.74 3.00 3.59 4.09 4.08 4.46 4.38 3.55 2.92 1.99 1.61 3.20
Tilt 0 1.36 2.09 3.02 3.80 4.93 5.20 5.31 4.76 3.47 2.29 1.45 1.06 3.24
Tilt 31 2.04 2.85 3.57 4.09 4.90 4.95 5.12 4.95 4.00 3.01 2.11 1.61 3.60
Tilt 46 2.22 3.01 3.59 3.93 4.55 4.50 4.70 4.69 3.97 3.14 2.27 1.76 3.53
Tilt 61 2.29 3.01 3.44 3.60 4.01 3.90 4.09 4.22 3.75 3.11 2.32 1.82 3.30
Tilt 90 2.08 2.59 2.72 2.57 2.66 2.56 2.69 2.90 2.85 2.61 2.08 1.67 2.50
OPT 2.29 3.03 3.60 4.10 5.04 5.23 5.36 5.00 4.01 3.15 2.32 1.82 3.75
OPT ANG 62.0 54.0 40.0 26.0 15.0 8.00 10.0 21.0 36.0 51.0 60.0 63.0 37.0
6 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM

Minimum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
SSE MIN 1.13 1.74 2.54 3.31 3.56 4.36 4.51 3.94 2.41 1.94 1.14 0.87 2.62
K 0.35 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.37 0.40 0.40 0.31 0.35 0.32 0.31 0.35
Diffuse 0.71 0.97 1.53 1.75 2.32 2.60 2.55 2.25 1.52 1.04 0.72 0.58 1.55
Direct 0.80 1.45 1.70 2.56 1.88 2.85 3.27 3.00 1.02 1.63 0.74 0.28 1.77
Tilt 0 1.14 1.71 2.51 3.29 3.52 4.38 4.52 3.92 2.37 1.88 1.14 0.84 2.61
Tilt 31 1.65 2.27 2.88 3.50 3.47 4.18 4.37 4.01 2.59 2.42 1.58 1.21 2.85
Tilt 46 1.78 2.38 2.87 3.36 3.23 3.82 4.01 3.79 2.53 2.51 1.68 1.30 2.77
Tilt 61 1.82 2.37 2.73 3.07 2.87 3.32 3.51 3.42 2.37 2.47 1.70 1.33 2.58
Tilt 90 1.64 2.03 2.15 2.21 1.98 2.25 2.37 2.39 1.80 2.06 1.51 1.20 1.97
OPT 1.82 2.39 2.89 3.51 3.57 4.40 4.56 4.06 2.59 2.51 1.71 1.33 2.95
OPT ANG 60.0 53.0 37.0 25.0 12.0 8.00 10.0 19.0 30.0 49.0 57.0 60.0 34.9
Maximum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
SSE MAX 1.61 2.37 3.59 4.46 6.07 6.01 5.91 5.54 4.50 2.67 1.64 1.37 3.81
K 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.48 0.55 0.51 0.52 0.56 0.58 0.49 0.46 0.50 0.51
Diffuse 0.90 1.19 1.73 1.87 2.42 2.58 2.49 2.19 1.88 1.27 0.91 0.79 1.69
Direct 3.14 3.75 4.36 4.84 6.18 5.49 5.46 5.65 5.85 4.02 2.96 3.01 4.56
Tilt 0 1.61 2.33 3.55 4.44 6.01 6.04 5.93 5.51 4.43 2.59 1.63 1.33 3.79
Tilt 31 2.48 3.20 4.31 4.83 6.02 5.73 5.73 5.79 5.22 3.44 2.41 2.08 4.28
Tilt 46 2.72 3.39 4.36 4.66 5.58 5.21 5.26 5.49 5.21 3.60 2.61 2.29 4.20
Tilt 61 2.81 3.41 4.20 4.26 4.88 4.47 4.55 4.93 4.94 3.57 2.68 2.39 3.93
Tilt 90 2.58 2.94 3.33 3.03 3.15 2.85 2.93 3.35 3.76 3.01 2.41 2.20 2.96
OPT 2.81 3.42 4.36 4.83 6.18 6.07 5.99 5.83 5.25 3.61 2.68 2.39 4.46
OPT ANG 63.0 55.0 42.0 28.0 16.0 8.00 10.0 23.0 38.0 51.0 61.0 64.0 38.1
Parameters for Sizing Battery or other Energy-storage Systems:
7 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Minimum Available Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Min/1 day 11.7 21.1 14.4 17.2 10.2 15.6 7.93 14.6 4.24 10.1 4.10 24.5
Min/3 day 31.8 38.8 30.6 28.3 26.2 28.5 35.6 32.1 21.7 28.2 18.7 35.4
Min/7 day 55.7 53.0 44.9 43.9 33.5 52.3 58.7 40.2 47.9 44.6 42.1 54.4
Min/14 day 73.0 68.8 65.0 66.5 55.5 69.2 67.3 57.5 57.0 54.4 57.2 67.0
Min/21 day 78.2 78.1 73.3 75.0 64.0 78.0 78.2 73.1 63.5 67.1 67.3 76.1
Min/Month 83.8 81.6 83.2 86.6 71.4 84.1 85.2 82.2 68.2 82.2 78.7 79.0
Solar Radiation Deficits Below Expected Values Incident On A Horizontal Surface Over A Consecutive-day Period
(kWh/m2)
Lat 46
Lon 26
1 day 1.20 1.68 2.61 3.16 4.47 4.37 4.87 4.09 3.38 2.12 1.40 0.83
3 day 2.78 3.91 6.35 8.21 11.0 11.1 10.2 9.75 8.28 5.08 3.56 2.13
7 day 4.21 6.99 11.7 14.9 23.1 17.2 15.2 20.0 12.8 9.14 5.91 3.51
14 day 5.14 9.27 14.9 17.8 30.9 22.3 24.2 28.4 21.2 15.0 8.73 5.08
21 day 6.20 9.77 17.0 20.0 37.5 23.9 24.2 27.0 26.9 16.2 10.0 5.51
Month 6.82 10.9 15.8 15.3 44.0 24.6 24.1 26.3 33.6 13.0 9.30 7.13
Equivalent Number Of NO-SUN Or BLACK Days (days)

Lat 46
Lon 26
1 day 0.88 0.78 0.85 0.82 0.89 0.84 0.92 0.85 0.95 0.89 0.95 0.75
3 day 2.04 1.83 2.08 2.14 2.21 2.14 1.93 2.03 2.34 2.15 2.43 1.93
7 day 3.09 3.28 3.85 3.92 4.65 3.33 2.89 4.18 3.64 3.87 4.04 3.19
14 day 3.77 4.35 4.89 4.68 6.22 4.30 4.57 5.94 6.01 6.38 5.98 4.61
21 day 4.55 4.59 5.60 5.24 7.54 4.61 4.57 5.64 7.64 6.89 6.84 5.00
Month 5.01 5.12 5.18 4.00 8.83 4.74 4.57 5.50 9.51 5.51 6.36 6.48
Parameters for Sizing Surplus-product Storage Systems:
Available Surplus Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Max/1 day 199 204 204 193 168 169 160 162 183 192 208 175
Max/3 day 170 190 183 176 161 165 154 157 178 186 189 170
Max/7 day 153 168 169 161 147 154 142 141 153 169 159 156
Max/14 day 135 149 148 131 132 133 126 137 148 147 139 137
Max/21 day 126 127 129 116 128 123 118 130 137 130 124 131
Max/Month 118 111 118 117 122 116 112 116 127 113 112 125
Cloud Information:
8 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Daylight Cloud Amount (%)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 76.1 76.9 77.0 79.2 73.5 72.0 65.3 60.2 65.3 66.2 74.4 77.2 71.9
9 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Cloud Amount At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Average@06 n/a n/a 70.0 71.6 62.4 60.9 55.1 51.6 60.6 61.6 n/a n/a
Average@09 75.4 75.4 80.3 79.4 73.9 72.0 63.2 58.4 63.9 67.5 74.9 77.0
Average@12 76.8 78.4 83.3 85.3 81.2 79.7 73.6 68.5 71.3 69.4 73.9 77.4
Average@15 n/a n/a 74.5 80.3 76.4 75.2 69.4 62.4 65.6 n/a n/a n/a
Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Clear Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
< 10% @0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
< 10% @6 n/a n/a 8.08 11.0 17.4 15.9 19.7 25.2 15.6 14.7 n/a n/a
< 10% @9 2.20 2.89 3.67 7.42 9.24 7.73 12.9 17.6 17.7 15.4 5.30 1.91
< 10% @12 2.35 1.93 3.23 3.94 5.13 4.24 4.11 10.2 13.0 14.0 7.73 2.20
< 10% @15 n/a n/a 7.11 5.45 7.18 5.30 7.04 14.6 17.1 n/a n/a n/a
Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Broken-cloud Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
10 - 70% @0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
10 - 70% @6 n/a n/a 26.4 21.5 26.1 30.9 33.4 30.3 31.2 33.5 n/a n/a
10 - 70% @9 28.5 28.1 19.2 16.3 22.4 26.8 31.6 33.2 24.5 21.5 25.9 29.6
10 - 70% @12 28.7 25.8 15.4 12.2 16.1 19.8 29.3 28.8 19.2 21.2 23.9 28.4
10 - 70% @15 n/a n/a 20.8 17.4 19.5 24.8 31.5 30.3 24.4 n/a n/a n/a
Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Near-overcast Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Lat 46
Lon 26
>= 70% @0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
>= 70% @6 n/a n/a 65.4 67.4 56.4 53.1 46.7 44.4 53.1 51.7 n/a n/a
>= 70% @9 69.2 68.9 77.1 76.2 68.3 65.4 55.4 49.1 57.7 63.0 68.7 68.4
>= 70% @12 68.9 72.1 81.3 83.7 78.7 75.9 66.5 60.8 67.7 64.6 68.3 69.3
>= 70% @15 n/a n/a 72.0 77.1 73.3 69.8 61.4 54.9 58.4 n/a n/a n/a
10 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Meteorology (Temperature):
Monthly Averaged Air Temperature At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (°C)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average -4.59 -3.4 1.62 8.68 14.5 17.8 20.1 19.8 14.8 8.88 1.78 -3.62 8.10
Minimum -7.61 -6.77 -2.09 3.77 8.97 12.3 14.5 14.5 10.2 5.15 -1.02 -6.48 3.86
Maximum -1.53 0.00 5.37 13.2 19.5 22.6 24.9 24.6 19.3 12.8 4.76 -0.85 12.1
Parameter Definition Units Conversion Chart
Average Daily Temperature Range (°C)

Lat 46
Lon 26
25-year Average 6.08 6.77 7.46 9.44 10.5 10.3 10.3 * 10.1 9.02 7.72 5.77 5.63
* Warmest month
Monthly Averaged Cooling Degree Days Above 18 °C

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Sum
25-year Average 0 0 0 0 6 28 70 67 10 1 0 0 182
Monthly Averaged Heating Degree Days Below 18 °C

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Sum
25-year Average 699 604 506 284 122 43 16 17 106 279 483 671 3830
Monthly Averaged Arctic Heating Degree Days Below 10 °C

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Sum
25-year Average 451 378 261 72 6 0 0 0 3 73 245 423 1912
Monthly Averaged Arctic Heating Degree Days Below 0 °C

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Sum
25-year Average 151 117 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 38 131 479
Monthly Averaged Earth Skin Temperature (°C)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
25-year Average -5.33 -3.85 1.98 9.71 15.8 19.1 21.3 21.0 15.7 9.19 1.53 -4.29 8.57
11 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Average Minimum, Maximum and Amplitude Of The Daily Mean Earth Temperature (°C)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Amplitude
Minimum -9.15 -8.19 -3.35 2.47 7.58 11.0 13.2 13.2 9.08 4.00 -2.1 -7.86
Maximum -1.12 1.05 8.57 17.8 24.7 27.7 30.1 30.2 23.7 16.1 6.07 -0.41
Amplitude 4.01 4.62 5.96 7.70 8.56 8.36 8.44 8.49 7.35 6.08 4.08 3.72 19.6
Monthly Averaged Frost Days (days)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Sum
25-year Average 28 25 21 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 16 27 125
Dew/Frost Point Temperature At 10 m (°C)

Lat 46
Lon 26
Daily Average -7.29 -6.63 -3.35 1.21 5.29 8.80 10.4 9.61 6.46 2.93 -1.73 -6.33
Meteorology (Wind):
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (m/s)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
10-year Average 5.34 5.31 5.65 5.09 4.46 4.38 4.04 4.09 4.50 5.37 5.17 5.38 4.89
Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m (%)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
Minimum -12 -13 -20 -12 -10 -9 -11 -9 -10 -10 -15 -14 -12
Maximum 20 11 16 16 10 6 14 16 11 13 14 14 13
It is recommended that users of these wind data review
All height measurements are from the soil, water, or
the SSE Methodology. The user may wish to correct for
ice/snow surface instead of "
effective"surface, which is
biases as well as local effects within the selected grid
usually taken to be near the tops of vegetated canopies.
region.
Monthly Averaged Percent Of Time The Wind Speed At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth Is Within The
Indicated Range (%)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
0 - 2 m/s 12 12 13 15 18 18 23 24 18 14 15 13 16
3 - 6 m/s 57 58 52 57 64 66 66 64 66 54 55 53 59
7 - 10 m/s 30 28 29 27 17 15 11 12 15 30 28 32 23
11 - 14 m/s 1 2 5 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 1
15 - 18 m/s 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
19 - 25 m/s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth For Indicated GMT Times (m/s)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
Average@0130 6.06 5.93 6.06 5.54 5.15 5.15 4.79 5.01 5.20 6.11 5.72 6.04 5.56
Average@0430 6.04 5.86 5.77 4.78 3.89 3.45 3.39 4.05 4.75 5.85 5.63 5.99 4.95
Average@0730 5.09 4.47 4.05 3.14 2.93 3.16 2.72 2.39 2.40 3.53 4.47 5.25 3.63
Average@1030 3.49 3.96 5.12 4.90 4.28 4.25 3.83 3.62 4.08 4.11 3.66 3.62 4.07
Average@1330 4.09 4.76 5.73 5.27 4.45 4.47 3.98 3.72 4.41 4.97 4.58 4.26 4.55
Average@1630 5.66 5.40 5.83 5.28 4.45 4.34 4.05 3.96 4.54 5.52 5.33 5.58 4.99
Average@1930 6.18 6.04 6.35 5.91 5.18 4.91 4.68 4.88 5.30 6.46 6.04 6.19 5.67
Average@2230 6.12 6.06 6.29 5.87 5.37 5.31 4.90 5.11 5.36 6.38 5.96 6.13 5.73
13 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Wind Direction At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (degrees)
Lat 46
Lon 26
10-year Average 304 311 316 317 321 318 321 321 317 317 316 315
Monthly Averaged Wind Direction At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth For Indicated GMT Times (degrees)
Lat 46
Lon 26
Average@0130 304 318 324 309 334 305 331 227 284 310 296 309
Average@0430 308 320 333 322 340 312 328 313 294 316 304 312
Average@0730 309 323 268 354 9 336 345 337 308 324 305 313
Average@1030 302 325 333 74 106 306 323 321 284 324 310 312
Average@1330 300 317 314 278 333 292 313 311 279 308 299 314
Average@1630 299 321 93 340 348 304 324 326 289 329 293 306
Average@1930 305 323 44 71 30 305 342 9 282 275 285 309
Average@2230 304 322 294 312 267 300 254 263 278 313 286 309
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth For Terrain Similar To Airports (m/s)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
10-year Average 4.22 4.19 4.46 4.01 3.52 3.46 3.19 3.24 3.56 4.24 4.08 4.25 3.86
It is recommended that users of these wind data review
All height measurements are from the soil, water, or
the SSE Methodology. The user may wish to correct for
ice/snow surface instead of "
effective"surface, which is
biases as well as local effects within the selected grid
usually taken to be near the tops of vegetated canopies.
region.
Difference Between The Average Wind Speed At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth And The Average Wind speed
At 50 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (%)
Vegetation type "Airport": flat rough grass
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
10-year Average -20 -21 -20 -21 -20 -21 -20 -20 -20 -21 -21 -20 -20
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed Adjusted For Height And Vegetation Type (m/s)
Height 100 meters
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
10-year Average 5.92 5.89 6.26 5.64 4.94 4.85 4.48 4.54 4.99 5.95 5.73 5.96 5.43
14 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed At 50, 100, 150 and 300 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (m/s)
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
50m 5.34 5.31 5.65 5.09 4.46 4.38 4.04 4.09 4.50 5.37 5.17 5.38 4.89
100m 5.92 5.89 6.26 5.64 4.94 4.85 4.48 4.54 4.99 5.95 5.73 5.96 5.43
150m 6.29 6.26 6.66 6.00 5.25 5.16 4.76 4.83 5.30 6.33 6.09 6.34 5.77
300m 6.98 6.94 7.39 6.65 5.83 5.73 5.28 5.36 5.88 7.02 6.76 7.03 6.40
15 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Wind Speed For Several Vegetation And Surface Types (m/s)
Height 100 meters
Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
35-m broadleaf-evergreen trees (70% coverage) 7.39 7.35 7.82 7.05 6.17 6.06 5.59 5.67 6.23 7.43 7.16 7.45 6.78
20-m broadleaf-deciduous trees (75% coverage) 6.75 6.76 7.25 6.57 5.84 5.86 5.48 5.48 5.89 6.93 6.63 6.85 6.36
20-m broadleaf and needleleaf trees (75%
7.60 7.35 7.61 6.76 5.84 5.69 5.25 5.44 6.06 7.38 7.21 7.60 6.65
coverage)
17-m needleleaf-evergreen trees (75% coverage) 7.19 6.95 7.25 6.44 5.68 5.62 5.22 5.29 5.81 6.98 6.77 7.14 6.36
14-m needleleaf-deciduous trees (50% coverage) 7.09 6.95 7.30 6.48 5.68 5.54 5.11 5.33 6.02 7.28 7.01 7.24 6.42
Savanna:18-m broadleaf trees (30%) &
7.09 7.05 7.50 6.76 5.92 5.81 5.36 5.44 5.97 7.13 6.86 7.14 6.50
groundcover
0.6-m perennial groundcover (100%) 6.43 6.40 6.81 6.13 5.37 5.28 4.87 4.94 5.42 6.47 6.23 6.48 5.90
0.5-m broadleaf shrubs (variable %) & groundcover 6.43 6.40 6.81 6.13 5.37 5.28 4.87 4.94 5.42 6.47 6.23 6.48 5.90
0.5-m broadleaf shrubs (10%) with bare soil 6.43 6.40 6.81 6.13 5.37 5.28 4.87 4.94 5.42 6.47 6.23 6.48 5.90
Tundra: 0.6-m trees/shrubs (variable %) &
6.43 6.40 6.81 6.13 5.37 5.28 4.87 4.94 5.42 6.47 6.23 6.48 5.90
groundcover
Rough bare soil 6.21 6.18 6.58 5.92 5.19 5.10 4.70 4.77 5.24 6.25 6.02 6.26 5.70
Crop: 20-m broadleaf-deciduous trees (10%) &
6.48 6.53 6.62 6.48 5.68 5.58 5.14 5.22 5.73 6.75 6.40 6.57 6.10
wheat
Rough glacial snow/ice 6.80 6.67 6.95 6.18 5.41 5.31 4.90 4.97 5.54 6.75 6.54 6.85 6.07
Smooth sea ice 6.04 5.89 6.14 5.41 4.74 4.66 4.30 4.45 4.99 6.12 5.89 6.13 5.39
Open water 5.72 5.69 6.05 5.45 4.78 4.69 4.32 4.39 4.82 5.75 5.54 5.76 5.24
"Airport": flat rough grass 5.92 5.89 6.26 5.64 4.94 4.85 4.48 4.54 4.99 5.95 5.73 5.96 5.43
Meteorology (Other):
Monthly Averaged Relative Humidity (%)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
25-year Average 82.0 79.5 72.2 63.0 57.8 59.1 57.2 55.2 59.9 68.5 78.5 82.0 67.8
Monthly Averaged Humidity Ratio At 10 m Above The Surface Of The Earth (%)
Lat 46
Lon 26
22-year
0.002614 0.002785 0.003485 0.004755 0.006362 0.007984 0.008873 0.008387 0.006805 0.005386 0.003959 0.002812
Average
Monthly Averaged Atmospheric Pressure (kPa)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
25-year Average 96.2 96.1 96.0 95.7 95.9 95.8 95.8 95.9 96.0 96.4 96.2 96.3 96.0
Monthly Averaged Total Column Precipitable Water (cm)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 0.82 0.80 0.94 1.29 1.76 2.25 2.52 2.38 1.93 1.51 1.15 0.90 1.52
16 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM
Monthly Averaged Precipitation (mm/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
25-year Average 1.29 1.34 1.27 1.82 2.19 2.84 2.69 2.13 1.81 1.24 1.30 1.35 1.77
Supporting Information:
Monthly Averaged Top-of-atmosphere Insolation (kWh/m2/day)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 3.17 4.71 6.91 9.18 10.8 11.5 11.1 9.75 7.67 5.40 3.56 2.72 7.23
Monthly Averaged Surface Albedo (0 to 1.0)

Lat 46 Annual
Lon 26 Average
22-year Average 0.28 0.27 0.19 0.12 0.17 0.19 0.18 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.17 0.26 0.19
Responsible NASA Official: John M. Kusterer

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Document generated on Tue Aug 24 20:22:24 EDT 2010
17 of 17 8/25/2010 3:24 AM

NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy Tables Location Parameters

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NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy Tables Location Parameters

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NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy - Available Tables http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/sse/grid.cgi?email=adeosun2u@yaho...

NASA Surface meteorology and Solar Energy - Available Tables

Latitude 46 / Longitude 26 was chosen.

Elevation: 593 meters

Parameters for Solar Cooking:

Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Midday Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kW/m2)

Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Days (days)

Monthly Averaged Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Minimum And Maximum Difference From Monthly Averaged Insolation (%)

Monthly Averaged Diffuse Radiation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Direct Normal Radiation (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Insolation Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Monthly Averaged Insolation Normalized Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Incident On A Horizontal Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Monthly Averaged Clear Sky Insolation Normalized Clearness Index (0 to 1.0)

Monthly Averaged Downward Longwave Radiative Flux (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Solar Noon (GMT time)

Monthly Averaged Daylight Hours (hours)

Monthly Averaged Declination (degrees)

Monthly Averaged Sunset Hour Angle (degrees)

Monthly Averaged Maximum Solar Angle Relative To The Horizon (degrees)

Monthly Averaged Hourly Solar Angles Relative To The Horizon (degrees)

Monthly Averaged Hourly Solar Azimuth Angles (degrees)

Parameters for Tilted Solar Panels:

Monthly Averaged Radiation Incident On An Equator-Pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

NOTE: clearness index (K) is below 0.3 or above 0.8.

Minimum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Maximum Radiation Incident On An Equator-pointed Tilted Surface (kWh/m2/day)

Parameters for Sizing Battery or other Energy-storage Systems:

Minimum Available Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)

Equivalent Number Of NO-SUN Or BLACK Days (days)

Parameters for Sizing Surplus-product Storage Systems:

Available Surplus Insolation Over A Consecutive-day Period (%)

Monthly Averaged Daylight Cloud Amount (%)

Monthly Averaged Cloud Amount At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Clear Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Broken-cloud Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Monthly Averaged Frequency Of Near-overcast Skies At Indicated GMT Times (%)

Average Daily Temperature Range (°C)

Monthly Averaged Cooling Degree Days Above 18 °C

Monthly Averaged Heating Degree Days Below 18 °C

Monthly Averaged Arctic Heating Degree Days Below 10 °C

Monthly Averaged Arctic Heating Degree Days Below 0 °C

Monthly Averaged Earth Skin Temperature (°C)

Monthly Averaged Frost Days (days)

Dew/Frost Point Temperature At 10 m (°C)

Parameter Definition Units Conversion Chart

Monthly Averaged Relative Humidity (%)

Monthly Averaged Atmospheric Pressure (kPa)

Monthly Averaged Total Column Precipitable Water (cm)

Monthly Averaged Precipitation (mm/day)

Monthly Averaged Top-of-atmosphere Insolation (kWh/m2/day)

Monthly Averaged Surface Albedo (0 to 1.0)

Responsible NASA Official: John M. Kusterer

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