ADS Fundamentals 2009

LAB 6: Design Guide, Transient, Momentum

Simulation and the DAC

OverviewThisexerciseteachesthefundamentalsofcreatingfiltersinADSandusing
theTransientsimulator.TheDesignGuideisusedtobuildalumpedcomponentfilter
andMomentumisusedtotestamicrostripfilter.

OBJECTIVES
Builda200MHzIFlowpasslumpedfilterusingaDesignGuide

Builda1900MHzRFbandpassfilterinmicrostrip.

PerformaTransientanalysisonthemicrostripfilter.

SimulatethemicrostripfilterinMomentum.

OPTIONALDAC(dataaccesscomponent)exercise.

CopyrightAgilentTechnologies
2009

Lab 6: Design Guide, Transient, Momentum, DAC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Change projects and start the Design Guide. ...................................................... 3

2. Insert the LPF Smart Component and design the filter. ....................................... 3

3. Microstrip 1900 MHz bandpass filter. ................................................................... 7

4. Transient Analysis on the microstrip filter. ........................................................... 9

5. Momentum simulation from layout. .................................................................... 11

6. OPTIONAL - Impedance response Data Access Component. ......................... 17

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PROCEDURE
1. ChangeprojectsandstarttheDesignGuide.

NOTE:IfyoudonothaveaccesstotheDesignGuide,buildthefilterwithlumped
componentsandsaveitasfilter_lpfanduseitforthefinalanalysislab.

Thesestepswillshowhowadesignguidecanquicklyandaccuratelyproduceafilter,
similartoEsyn,butwithmoreoptionsandgreatercontrol.

a. GototheADSMainWindowandclickFile>OpenProject.

b. AnswerYestoAllifyouarepromptedtosaveallyourcurrentwork.
Thenopenyourearlierproject:system_prj.

c. Createanewschematicnamed:filter_lpf.

d. Besureitistheonlyschematicopenedonyourscreen.Now,three
Now,threestepsareneededtostarttheprocess:

Clickthecommands:DesignGuide>Filter>FilterControl
ControlWindow.

Thenewwindow,FilterDesignGuide,
DesignGuide,willnotbeactiveuntilyouinsertaschematicsmart
componentfromthepalette(nextstep).

IntheFilterDesignGuidecontrolwindow,click
ontheComponentPaletteAllicon(shown
here).Immediately,thepalettewillappearon
yourschematicwindow.Youarenowreadyto
insertsmartcomponent.Youcouldalsoinsert
thecomponentfirstandthenopentheFilterDesignwindoweither
methodworks.

2. InserttheLPFSmartComponentanddesignthefilter.

a. IntheFilterDGpalette,selecttheLowPassLumpedfilter
filtershownhere(DT=dualterminated).Ifamessage
appears,(shownhere)clickOKtodismissit.Theninsertthe
thecomponentontheschematic.UsetheEsckeytoendthe
thecommand.

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b. PositiontheFilterDesignGuidewindownexttotheschematicsoitis
activeandclickontheFilterAssistanttabitshouldactivateasshown
here.Ifnot,selectthefilterintheSmartComponentlist.Youarenow
readytosetthespecifications.

c. IntheFilterDesignGuidewindow(shownhere),enterthefollowingthree
filterspecifications:

(ripple)Ap(dB)=0.1,(passband)Fp=0.2GHz,(stopband)Fs=1.2GHz

d. Aftersettingthefilterresponse,clickRedrawtoseetheresponseplot
change.ThisisaButterworthresponse.Itwillprovidealowpasslumped
filterforthesystemIFoutput.

e. Todesignthefilter,clicktheDesignbutton.

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f. Inyourschematic,theSmartComponentnowhasyourfilter
specificationsandthefiltercircuitiscreated.Toverifythis,pushinto
pushintotheDTcomponent.Afterward,popoutasshownhere:
here:

filter_lpf Thisfilterwillbe
availableinthe
libraryforuselater.
Editthecomponent
todisplaythedesired
parameters.

g. GototheSimulationAssistantandsetthesweep
sweepfrom0MHzto1.3GHzin10MHz
10MHzsteps.ThenclicktheSimulate
Simulatebuttonandwatchwhathappens:
happens:atemplaterunstheSparameter
parametersimulationanddisplaysthe
theresults.

h. Examinethedatadisplayandmovethe
themarkerM1to100MHz.Noticethe
thespeclineat20dB(AtoB)andthe
theperformancetablethatcomparesthe
comparestheinputparameterstotheresults:the20dBstopbandisat
800MHzwhichwillbeOKforoursystem.

i. Scrolldownandexamineallthedata.

j. SaveandcloseallwindowsusingtheADSmainwindowcommand:File>
CloseAll.Youwillusethisoutputsignalfilterlateroninthecourse.
Next,youwillbuildtheinputfilter.

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3. Microstrip1900MHzbandpassfilter.

Inthesenextsteps,youwillbuildandsimulateacoupledlinefilterwiththeADScircuit
simulator.Afterward,youwilltransferittoADSlayoutandsimulateusingMomentum.
ThisstepisonlyintendedtobrieflyshowhowMomentumworksinasimplemicrostrip
application.

a. Createanewschematicinthecurrentproject(system_prj)named:
named:filter_1900.

b. FromtheTLinesMicrostrippalette,insertanMCFILas
shown.Becausethetwoendcomponentsaresymmetrical
(CLin1andCLin2),savetimebytypingtheW,S,andL
parameters(shownhere)forthefirstoneandthencopyit.
Theninsertthemiddlecomponent(Clin3)andtypeinits
values.

c. Insertportconnectorsoneachendasshownalso.

Thesetwohavethesamevalues.

d. FromtheMicrostrippalette,insertthesubstrate
definitionMSUBasshownnoothersettingsare
requiredthedefaultsubstratewillbeused.

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NOTEonthefilterS21responseTheS
parametersimulation(S21)ofthisfilteris
shownhereasareferencethereisnoneedto
simulateitwiththeSparametersimulatorat
thistime.

e. Intheschematic,click:File>
DesignParameters.Whenthe
dialogappears,selecttheADS
builtinsymbolforabandpass
filter:SYM_BPFandclickOK.

Saveddesign:filter_1900foruse
lateroninthesystem.

f. Savethedesignagainsothatallthemodificationsarealsosaved.Thisis
thefilterthatwillbeusedforthefollowingstepsandforthefinalsystem
design.

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4. TransientAnalysisonthemicrostripfilter.

a. Savetheschematic(filter_1900)withanewname:filter_trans.

b. Modifytheschematictolookliketheoneshownbelowbydeletingthe
portconnectors.

c. FromtheSourcesTimeDomainpalette
paletteinsertaVtSineattheinput(be
input(besuretogrounditasshown).It
shown).ItisrecommendedtouseTime
useTimeDomainsourcesforTransient
Transientanalysis.

d. Inserta50ohmresistorattheinputandontheoutput(withground).

e. Labelpin/nodesVinandVoutasshown.Thecircuitshouldlooklikethe
oneshownhere.

f. FromtheSimulationTransientpalette,
insertaTransientsimulationcontrollerand
settheStopTimeandMaxTimeStepas
shown.Thesimulationwillbeginattime
zero(default)andstopafterfifteenperiods
oftheinputsignal(8ns).Inaddition,the
timestepwillsampleattwice(Nyquistrule)
therateofthehighestspectralcomponent
desired,herethe15thharmonic.

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g. Simulateandafterthesimulation,insertarectangularplotofVinand
Voutandediteachtrace(TraceOptions)toplacesymbolatdatathis
willshowyouthetimepointstakeninthesimulation.

TraceOptionsTabLinearTab

h. Zoomintotheplotafter5nsandput
andputthemarkersonthepeaksof
peaksofVinandVoutasshownhere.
here.

i. Writeanequationasshownto
calculatethedelaythroughthefilter:
filter:marker_difference.This
calculatestheXaxisdifference
betweenmarkersusingtheindep
indepfunction(independentvariable=time).

j. Insertalistofmarker_differenceandusePlotOptionstoremovethe
independentdataasshown.Thevalueisthedelaythroughthefilterafter
startup(settling).Dependinguponwhereyouzoominandwhereyou
placethemarkers,yourvaluemaydifferslightly.Thedelaythroughthe
filterisabout44picosecondsasshownhere.

k. Savetheschematicbutkeepitopened.Saveandclosethedatadisplay.

l. ThenextstepswillbetosimulatethisfilterinMomentum.

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5. Momentumsimulationfromlayout.

a. Openfilter_1900andsaveitwithanewname:filter_mom.

b. Transferthefilter_momschematictolayoutbyclicking
clickingtheschematicwindowcommand:Layout>
Generate/UpdateLayout.

c. Whenthenextdialogappear,besuretheStartingComponentisP1(port
connector1fromschematic)sothatthelefttorightlayoutwillbe
generatedcorrectly.ClickOKandyoushouldseeanotherdialog
indicatingthatallcomponentshavebeencreatedinthelayoutwindow.

d. ThelayoutwindowandtheLayerscontrolwillopen.Inthe
thelayout,verifythatyouhavethreelongcoupledlineswithtwo
withtwoports.Zoominonaport(shownhere),andverifythatit
verifythatitisconnectedtotheedgeofthemetal.Formany
manyMomentumsolutions,itisnotnecessaryfortheportto
toconnecttothemiddleofthelineitonlyneedstobeonthe

Zoomedinportconnector.
Momentumportscan
beinsertedinlayout
ifthedrawingis
createdinlayout.

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theedge.

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e. Thenextstepistodefinethesubstratein
Momentum.Todothis,usetheLayout
commandsshownheretotransfertheschematic
schematicMSUBdefinition:Momentum>
Substrate>UpdateFromSchematic.

f. Verifythatthe10milsubstratedefinitionisnowinMomentum.Click:
Momentum>Substrate>Create/ModifyandyoushouldseetheMSUB
valuesinthedialog.

g. YoucanalsolookattheLayoutLayerstabtoseehowthedrawinglayers
inlayoutaremappedtothesubstrate:condisametalstriplayer.ButDO
NOTchangeanything.ClickOKtodismissthedialog.

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h. Beforesimulating,lookattheMomentummesh
features.Click:Momentum>Mesh>Setup.Whenthe
Whenthedialogappears,noticetherearemanymesh
meshfeatures.Butfornow,besuretheEdgeMeshbox
MeshboxisuncheckedasshownandclickOK.

NOTEontheMomentumprocesstheorderofstepsis:
computethesubstratedefinition(Greensfunctions),create
themeshorgridpattern(cells),andthensimulate.

i. Tosimulate,click:Momentum>Simulation>Sparameters.Whenthe
dialogappears,typeinthesweepasshown:1GHzto3GHzusing25
pointsasthelimit.ClickUpdateanditwillappearintheFrequencyPlan.
Next,clicktheSimulatebuttonandclickYesiftheQuestiondialog
appears.WatchthestatuswindowtheAdaptivesweeptypeisthe
defaultanditscurvefittinglikealgorithmwillruntheEM(electro
magnetic)simulationbysolvingselectedpoints.

Momentum
autoplotfeature

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j. WhentheADSDataDisplayopens,youwillseeamessage
messageabouttheautoplot:checktheboxasshownhere
hereandclickOKtodismissit.NoticethattheMomentum
Momentumautoplottemplatelooksslightlydifferentthan
thanADS.

k. ZoomintotheS21plot.Asshownhere,theexpectedresponseissimilar
totheresponsethatyouwouldgetfromthecircuitsimulatorwithany
smalldifferenceduetothesolutionmethods.Also,zoominandlookat
themeshpattern.

Zoominto
seethe
meshcells.

l. Drawasimplecruderectangle(iconshownhere)alongthelengthofthe
filter.Itshouldbeabout2000milslongand60or70milswide.When
youdrawtherectangle,noticethatthecursorbeginsdrawingatxy0,0as
shownhere.Also,youcanmeasureanobject,usingthecursor,by
clickinginlayoutandwatchingthevalueschangehere.Thepointofthis
stepistoshowhowMomentumcananalyzethecouplingbetweenthe
filterandtherectangle(metal).

Spacingbetweenthefilterandthe
m. rectangleisabout10milsonthisend.

W:60
70mils

L:about2000milsorslightlylongerthenthefilter

Click,thenmovethecursorandlookat
thewindowbottomor,tomeasurean
object,use:Insert>Measureandclick
ontwopoints.
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n. Withtherectangledrawnnexttothelayout,performanotherMomentum
simulation.Click:Momentum>Simulation>Sparametersandwhen
thedialogappears,changethedatasetnameasshownhere,
filter_mom_stripandclickApplyandSimulate.

o. Thissimulationwilltakealittlelongerbecausetherearenowmore
unknowns(cells)tocalculateandthereforemorecomputationtimeis
required.Whenthedatadisplayappears,youshouldseethatthereisa
resonancesomewherenearthebandpassoritsedges,dependingupon
yourrectangle.Thisisthetypeofsimulationthatcanonlybe
accomplishedwithMomentum.ViewtheS21resultsandthenclosethe
layoutanddatadisplaywindows.Itisnotnecessarytosavethisdesign.

EXAMPLE:
Narrow
resonanceat
2.05GHzdueto
couplingeffects
ofrectangle.

p. YounowhavetwofiltersthatcanbeusedlaterfortheRFsystem.They
are:1)filter_lpfthisisthe200MHzlowpasscreatedfirst,and2)
filter_1900yousimulatedthismicrostripcoupledlinefilterusingthe
TransientsimulatorandMomentum.Atthistime,closeandsaveall
designsandwindows.

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6. OPTIONALImpedanceresponseDataAccessComponent.

ADACcomponentisafilebasedcomponent.Itmaycontainvariousformatsofdata
frommeasurements,listeddata,oranyothervalidfiletypethatADScanread.Inthis
step,youwillcreateasimplefilewithcompleximpedancevaluesthatvaryovera
frequencyrange.KeepinmindthattheDACcanbeusedtocreatesuchmodelsas:
frequencysensitiveimpedances,varactors,stepfunctions,bitsequencesforsources,
timedomainsequences,andmanyotheruseswhereafileismoreefficientthantyping
inlongequationsorlistsonyourschematic.Ingeneral,theDACworkslikethis:itisa
componentthatpointstoafileinthedatadirectory.Inthisexampleyoucreateafile
thatwillbeusedfortheimpedanceparameterofanADScomponentthesimulatorwill
simplyreadthefile.

a. Openanewschematicwiththename:Z_DAC.

b. Refertotheschematicshownhere.Insertaterminationwithground,an
equationbaselinearZ1P_Eqn(Z1port)fromtheEqnBasedLinearpalette.
TheninsertanSparametercontroller,andaDACfromtheDataitems
paletteintheirdefaultstates(nosettingyet).

c. SettheSparametersimulationasifitwastheLPF:10MHzto200MHzin
10MHzstepsasshownandsavetheschematicagain.

d. OpentheWindowsNotepadprograminStart>
>Programs>Accessories.OrusetheADSMain
MainWindow(Tools>TextEditor)ifNotepadisthe
Notepadisthedefaulttexteditor(thiscanbe
changed).

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IMPORTANTNOTEonDACtextfilesYoushouldnotuseaprogramthathas
formattinglikeMSWORD.However,NotepadisOK.

e. Writeanmdf(multidimensionaldatafile)fileshownhereandsaveitin
theDATAdirectoryas:z_dac.mdf.

NOTEonfiletype.mdfIfnecessary,usewindows
windowsfileexplorertochangethenameifitis
issavedasa.txtfile.Also,thesyntaxinthefirst
firstcolumnis4frequencypoints,thesecondand
andthirdcolumnscontaintherealandimaginary
imaginaryimpedancevaluesateachfrequency.
frequency.

f. Onschematic,edittheSparametercontroller.In
Parameterstab,settocomputeZparameters
notS.IntheDisplaytab,checkSweepVar,Start,
Stopandsetthemasshowntosweepfreqfrom
10to200MHzin10MHzsteps.Youwillget
interpolateddataforallthesteps.

g. Ontheschematic,edit(doubleclick)theZ1P_Eqnanditseditdialogwill
appearasshownhere.

h. Asshownhere,selectFileBasedastheParameterEntryMode,and
DAC1,andsettheDependentParameterNametomy_zandclickOK.

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i. EdittheDACasshown:
Typeinthefilename,select
theType,etc.Also,iVar1

Generic
MDIF
(my_freq)isthe
independentvariablename
andiVal1(freq)istheindependentvariablevalue.Asfreqisswept,
my_freqwillbeindexedinthefileandtheDACwillreturncomplex
valuesofmy_zinterpolatedovertherange.

j. Simulateandplottwo
traces,realandimag,of
Z(1,1)asshown.Asyou
cansee,theZportcanbe
usedwherevera
frequencysensitive
componentisrequired.
Formultiplecomponents,
simplycreatedifferent
filesandaccessthemas
required.

EXTRA EXERCISES:

1. CalculatethebandwidthofthefilterinTransientsimulationusingthe
ruleofthumb:BW=0.35/risetime.Fromtimezerountilabout6ns
shouldbetherisetime.However,usethemarkersandtheequationsto
dothecalculation.

2. TryusingtheDesignGuideforanothercircuittypeorsomeotherdesign.

3. CreateaDACforafrequencysensitiveinductorandsimulateitina
simpleCLCfilter.TheDACwillcontaintheinductorvaluesateach
frequency.

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