THE PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP

1. Soap is a formed from the reaction between and an .

2. The name of the process is or alkaline .
3. The procedure:
a) Alkaline hydrolysis
Steps:
Sodium chloride :
1. Oil is with .
2. The are
decomposed by
Glass
rod
Beaker into glycerol and .
Palm oil + concentrated 3. The alkali solution acts as
Wire sodium hydroxide .
gauze
4. Sodium ions combine with
Bunsen .
Stand burner
5. A salt of fatty acid (soap) and water
are formed.

2.

b) Filtration
3.

Steps:
4.
1. The mixture is with a
paper.
2. The residue is with
Residue : distilled water.
soap 3. Some water is poured into the
remaining residue and stirred.
are formed.
Filtrate

4. Equation for the formation of soap:

 THE CLEANSING ACTION OF SOAP

1. Soap is used to clean from the surface of clothing. Is

referred to grease or oil that is in water.
2. MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF SOAP:

NAME:

NAME: CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS:

3. CLEANSING ACTION OF THE SOAP:

1.

2.

3.
5.

4.

6.

4. Detergent is a cleansing agent but it is not made from .