WORLD UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Course Name: Electronics II

Experiment # 8: STUDY OF LOW PASS AND HIGH PASS

ACTIVE FILTER DESIGN

OBJECTIVE

A filter is a frequency sensitive circuit. It passes some frequencies, but blocks or attenuates
others. There are different types of active filter namely
i) Low pass filter
ii) High pass filter
iii) Band-pass filter
iv) Band stop or band-reject filter
In this experiment you will build the low pass and the high pass filters and plot a response
curve for each type.

EQUIPMENTS
Opamp ( 741) 1 piece
Resistor : 10 k 2 pieces
Potentiometer (1 k) 1 piece
Capacitor 0.0022 F 3 pieces
DC power supply 1 unit
Oscilloscope 1 unit
Analog Trainer Board 1 unit
Signal Generator 1 unit
Chords and wire

ACTIVE LOW PASS FILTER

A lowpass filter is a circuit that has a constant output voltage from dc upto a cutoff
frequency. As the frequency increases above that frequency, the output is attenuated. The
two resistors R5 & R6 and the capacitors C5 & C6 form the passive network for the
lowpass filter. At low frequencies, the capacitor is almost open. Thus the signal applied at
the non-inverting input of the op-amp is very strong. However, at high frequencies, X C
decreases and attenuates the signal.
 2

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure :1

PROCEDURE

1. Construct the following circuit.

2. Set the generator to obtain a Sinusoidal wave with a frequency of 1 kHz.
3. Observe the output waveform at pin 6 of the op-amp. Adjust the 1k potentiometer until
the sine wave at pin 6 of the op-amp (Eout) is exactly 5.0V peak-to-peak.
4. Now measure and record the input voltage at pin 2 of the 1 k potentiometer.
5. Now slowly rotate the frequency knob of the signal generator and take data of peak-to-
peak sine wave amplitude at the output pin of the op-amp versus frequency. Plot the data
on a semi-log paper with frequency on the log scale. This will give response curve of the
low pass filter. Take data at sufficient points so that the response curve can be drawn
with sufficient accuracy. Try to plot at least 20 different points across the frequency
range.

ACTIVE HIGH PASS FILTER

A simple active high pass filter is shown in figure-2. C 7, R9, C8, R8 now forms a high pass
filter. At low frequencies, the XC of the capacitor is high. Thus the signal applied at the non-
inverting input of the op-amp is very weak. However, at high frequencies, X C decreases and
allows more signal to reach the op-amp.
 3

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure: 2
PROCEDURE

1. Construct the following circuit.

2. Set the generator to obtain a Sinusoidal wave with a frequency of 1 kHz.
3. Observe the output waveform at pin 6 of the op-amp. Adjust the 1k potentiometer until
the sine wave at pin 6 of the op-amp (Eout) is exactly 5.0V peak-to-peak.
4. Now measure and record the input voltage at pin 2 of the 1 k potentiometer.
5. Now slowly rotate the frequency knob of the signal generator and take data of peak-to-
peak sine wave amplitude at the output pin of the op-amp versus frequency. Plot the data
on a semi-log paper with frequency on the log scale. This will give response curve of the
low pass filter. Take data at sufficient points so that the response curve can be drawn
with sufficient accuracy. Try to plot at least 20 different points across the frequency
range.

REPORT

1. Give a plot of the response curve for Low pass filter.

2. From the response curve find the roll-off in db/decade Low pass filter.
3. Design a second order low pass active filter with cutoff frequency 1 kHz. Use equal R
and equal C for the passive components.
4. Give a plot of the response curve for High pass filter.
5. From the response curve find the roll-off in db/decade for High pass filter.
6. Design a second order high pass active filter with cutoff frequency 1 kHz. Use equal R
and equal C for the passive components.