Beam Shear Reinforcement Designer

Project Proposal

ENSC 26 A-4L
Mendoza, Monique Irish B.
Sabio, Joseph Angelo R.
I. Background of the Study
Beams must have an acceptable factor of safety from other forms of beam failure, which

may have great uncertainty towards predicting them. Shear failure or diagonal tension failure is

one type of beam failure that is difficult to predict properly despite the advances in technology.

Shear failure occurs so suddenly that there are no signs that this type of failure will occur soon.

Thus shear reinforcement is needed to make sure that if a beam is to be overloaded, flexural

failure would occur first than shear failure.

Shear resistance in the beam can be due to the uncracked portions of the concrete, due

to the aggregate interlock, and the flexural rigidity of the dowels or tension members provided

in the beam as longitudinal reinforcement. However shear force due to each effect has not yet

been made, that is why shear capacity of the beam without reinforcements is estimated to be

equal to the total shear force due to the resistance of the aforementioned effects. That is why

reinforcement against shear is needed namely the stirrups. Stirrups are provided to ensure full

flexural capacity will be provided by reinforcement to the beam

Stirrups are widely used as clamps to prevent spreading in shear cracks, and that only

shear occurs in the stirrups and not in the cracks of the concrete. These stirrups could carry the

shear force directly, prevents the cracks from getting bigger, and to increase beam strength and

ductility.

Based on the National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP), design of beams for shear

is to be based on the equation shown below.

Equation 1
where: = total shear force applied at a given section of the beam due to factored loads
= nominal shear strength
= 0.75

Nominal shear strength is equal to the sum of the shear strength of the concrete and

shear reinforcement used in the beam.

= + Equation 2

where: = nominal shear strength

= shear strength of the concrete
= shear strength of the shear reinforcement

The shear strength of the concrete is computed as shown in Equation 3 and shear
strength of the shear reinforcement or the stirrups is shown in Equation 4.

1
= Equation 3
6

where: = shear strength of the concrete

= 1.00 (normal weight concrete), 0.75 (lightweight concrete), 0.85 (sand-lightweight
concrete)
fc = concrete compressive strength
= beam width
d= effective depth of beam

= Equation 4

where: = shear strength of the shear reinforcement

= twice the cross-section of stirrup
= yield strength of stirrup
d= effective depth of beam
s = spacing of stirrups

The critical section assumed for the design is the shear force at the cross section with a
distance d from the face of the support.
II. Sample Computations
Given:
Width, b = 350 mm
Height, h = 600 mm (effective depth, d= 535 mm)
Stirrup diameter = 10 mm
fc= 21 MPa
fy = 414 MPa
fyt= 275 MPa
Wu= 65 kN/m
L= 6 m
Simply supported beam

Required: design of shear reinforcement

Solution:

Maximum Shear, Vu:

(75/) (6)
= = =
2

Determine Vc
1
Vc = ( )
6
1
Vc = 0.75 ( 21(350)(535))
6
= .

Compute Vc/2, 3Vc and 5Vc

= .

= .
= .

Determine Zones
225
=
3000 535 3000
= .
Since Vc< Vud < 3Vc, there are 2 zones!

Determine Spacing at Zone A

3
= min [( ) , (600 ), ( )]
2
 d/2=535/2 =2667.5 mm
2
3 3( (102 ))(275)
4
= = 370.2591342 mm
350

= 267.5

Determine Spacing at Zone B

Vc 184.875 107.2609124
= = = 103.4854501
0.75
2
4 (102 )(275)(535)
=
103.4854501
= 223.3197124

Determine number of stirrups at

Default: 1 @ 50mm from the supports

For Zone B:
Length of zone B:
225 107.2609124
=
3000 3000

= 2991.955432

Number of bars at Zone B:

2991.955432
= + 1 = +1
220
= 14.59979742

For Zone A:
6000 2(50) 2(14)(220)
=
260
= 1

Final Design
For both sides:
1 @ 50 mm
15 @ 220 mm
III. Sample Interface

Sample Result
 IV. Flowchart
START

Input Wu *Wu is the uniform load

Beam Specs applied to the beam or
Concrete Specs DL LL factored

Compute for effective depth,

Vu at a distance d, and
Vc

Yes No
Is Vu > Vc/2?

Compute Vc
Vc/2 Message:
3Vc No stirrups are
needed for the
beam.

Yes No
Is Vc/2 <
Vu Vc?

Zone A Exists!
Sa=smallest(d/2,600,3Avfyt/bw)

A
 A

Yes No
Is Vc < Vu
3Vc?

Zone A & B Exists!

Vs = (Vu-Vc)/
S=Avfytd/Vs
Sa=smallest(d/2,600,3Avfyt/bw)
Sb= smallest(d/2,600,3Avfyt/bw,S)

Yes No
Is 3Vc < Vu
5Vc?

Zone A, B & C Exists!

Vs = (Vu-Vc)/
S=Avfytd/Vs
Sa=smallest(d/2,600,3Avfyt/bw)
Sb= smallest(d/2,600,3Avfyt/bw,S)
Sc=smallest(d/4,300,S)

E
 E

Yes No
Is Vu >
5Vc?

Message:
Section is too small to
accommodate stirrups.
Therefore increase beam
dimensions.

B C D

Display Stirrup Spacing Layout

in accordance to standards
set by NSCP

END