FORM 4 END OF THE YEAR EXAMINATION 2016

PAPER TWO MARKING SCHEME

NO ANSWER MARKS

1 (a) Micrometer screw gauge 1

(b) P = 2.76 mm 1

Q = 2.75 mm 1

(c) Student Q 1

Total 4

2(a) There is no net flow of heat between two objects and they have the same 1
temperature

(b) 45 0C 1

(c) The heat from block P transfer to the water

Until the rate of heat transfer between P and water becomes equal 1
(d) E = mc
= 0.3 x 800 x 55 1
= 13200 J 1
Total 5

3 (a) Impulsive force 1

(b) Air bubbles in plastic envelope prolong the time of impact 1

Impulsive force is reduced 1

(c)
Impulse = Ft
1
= (10N ) (0.1 s)
1
= 1.0 N

(d)
Thick mattress is used in high-jump event 1
Total 6
4 a) Product of force and displacement. 1
b.i) Fman = mg sin 30o + 10
= 0.5 (10)(0.5) + 10
= 12.5 N 1

W = Fs
= 12.5(8) 1
= 100 J

ii) Ep = mgh
= 0.5 ( 10 ) ( 8 sin 300 ) 1
= 20 J 1

iii) 100 20 = 80 J 1
c) Heat energy 1

Total 7
5. a) X = Venturi tube 1
Y = Manometer 1
b.i/ii

iii Air speed at the middle is higher than right side follow by left side. 1
Hence the air pressure at the middle is lower than right side follow by left side 1
c) Bernoullis principle 1

Total 8

6.(a) 0.76 x 10 1
=7.6 N 1

(b ) i) 0.76/3800 1
= 2.00 x 10 -4 m 3 1

ii) m = 1 x10 3 x 2.00 x10 -4 1

= 2.00 x10 -1

W= 2.00 N 1

iii) 2.00 N 1

iv) 7.6-2.00 = 5.6 N 1

Total 8
7 Refraction of light 1
(a)
(b) The image size will be bigger 1

(c) Convex lens 1

1 1 1 1
, v = - 30 cm
15f 10 v
(d) In the diagram, there should have

i. Convex lens 1
ii. The ray from the object through the lens and focus to focus 1
point
iii. The ray from the object through 1
The centre of the lens
iv Inverted, magnified and real:
All correct 2
Only two correct 1

Total 10

8. (a) Resultant force // net force is zero 1

(b) W = mg

= (60kg) (10 N1 ) 1
= 600 N 1
 (c)

(d) 2 T2 = W 1
= 600
T2 = 300 N 1

(e) Method in Diagram 8.2. 1

Tension is lower. 1

(f) 1 2 1
2 m = mgh

v = 6.32 1 1

Total 12

9(a) (i) Convex mirror 1

(ii) The distance between the centre of a convex mirror and its focal 1
point

(b) The curvature of convex mirror X is more than that of convex 1

mirror Y
Parallel light incident on mirror X is reflected through a bigger 1
angle than that of mirror Y
Mirror X has a shorter focal length than that of mirror Y
Parallel light incident on mirror X has a bigger angle of reflection 1
than the mirror Y
A mirror of short focal length produces a bigger angle of reflection 1
(Any 3 Marks only)
i) upright 1
(c) virtual 1
 diminished images 1
laterally inverted 1

ii) The angle of vision is broader 1

(d)

i) The structure and apparatus set up are shown in the diagram 1

Two plane mirrors AC and PQ are place to face each other
The angle < BAC, < BCA, < QPR and <QRP are set at 45 0
The opening AD allows the light to come in and the opening SR
allows the light to go out 1

ii) The plane mirrors produce several faint images besides a

prominent one. The presence of multiple images is due to partial 1
reflection and refraction at the non-silvered glass surface of the
mirror 1
These images overlap and produce blur images which is also less
bright

iii) Use high quality mirrors which are able to reduce 1,1
multiple images formation and produce sharp images
Replace the mirrors with glass prism of 45 0 - 90 0 - 45 0 type 1,1
which reflect light by total internal reflection
The structure alterations are shown below.
10. (a) (i) Inertia is a tendency of object to resist change in its motion. 1

(ii) - When the cardboard is jerked quickly, the coin will fall into the 1
glass.

- When the book is pulled out, the books on top will fall 1
downwards.

- The inertia of the coin resists the change of its initial state,
which is stationary. As a result, the coin does not move 1
with the cupboard and falls into the glass because of gravity.

- Inertia tries to oppose the change to the stationary situation, 1

that is, when the book is pulled out, the books on top do not
follow suit.

(b) (i) - A lorry carrying heavier load has a bigger mass and thus greater inertia. 1

- An empty lorry has a smaller mass and smaller inertia 1

- Inertia is the tendency of the lorry to continue moving in its initial state 1
- Hence the heavier lorry takes a longer time and travels a longer distance
to stop 1

(ii) Initial kinetic energy is converted to heat produced in tyres and sound 1

(c)
Modification Explanation
1. Have 4 small wheels placed To increase stability and mobility
far from each other 2
2. Use of soft padding around Safety of people around
Steel basket 2
3. Wheels fixed with brakes, Safer, easy to stop
with a lever to be controlled 2
by the four legs.
4. Have long handle at chest Easy to push
height 2
5. Use stainless steel or Last longer
2
 galvanized iron

11a) The amount of heat energy required to change a state of matter from 1
solid or liquid or vice versa without changing of temperature.

The substances will change from liquid 1

b) to solid 1

c) i) Q = Pt
= 48 x 5 x 60 // 14 400 J 1
Q = mc
14 400 = 500 x 10 -3( c ) ( 80 40) 1
c = 720 Jkg -1 0 C -1 (with unit ) 1

ii) Heat supplied by liquid = Heat received by water

( 500 x 10-3 ) (4200)(80 )= (1) ( 4200)( - 25) 1
= 29.340 C ( with unit) 1

iii) Temperature remain constant with the heat is absorb to increase the 1
energy to break the bonding among the particles and turns the solid
particles into the state of solid and liquid. 1

d) Characteristics
Smaller surface area
High melting point
Low specific heat capacity
Reasons
the resistance is higher and 2
can heat up the water easily
not easy to melt and 2
produce short circuit
the temperature rises faster 2

Low rate of rusting To slow slow rusting and 2

last longer
V is the most suitable because it has smaller surface area, high melting
point, low specific heat capacity and low rate of rusting.
2

12. (a) The length of the spring shortens from its original length 1
(i)
-The distance compressed becomes half of its original compressed 1
(ii) distance
-The force supported by two springs is divided equally 1

(b) Characteristics Explanation

High density material To produce a more stable 1+1
position
1+1
Spring coil with big diameter Softer and more comfortable to
sit 1+1

Non-rusting metal Sofa will be lasting 1+1

 The length should be big Softer spring
enough
Spring Z is the most suitable choice because it is made of
- High density material
- Big diameter 1+1
- Non-rusting material
- The length is big enough

(c ) (i) Indicates on the graph 1

Gradient = 100gcm1 1

(ii) Extension = 4 cm 1
Mass required = 400 g 1
(d) -95000 g is divided equally among 200 springs 1
-One spring carries a load of 475 g 1
-The sofa is compressed by 4.75 cm 1