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+ BOARD, NDA, X & IX
Chapter 14
Hydrogen
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Solutions
LI SECTION - A
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Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. Water gas is a mixture of
ON A
(1) CO and H2O (2) O2 and CO (3) CO and N2 (4) CO and H2
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Sol. Answer (4)
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Water gas is 1 : 1 mixture of CO and H2. As this mixture is used for the synthesis of methanol and a number of
hydrocarbons, it is also known as synthesis gas.
2. An orange coloured solution of K2Cr2O7 acidified with H2SO4 and treated with a substance X gives a blue
.
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H
Cr2O72 H2O2 CrO5
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The elements of 7, 8 and 9 group do not form hydrides. This is actually known as HYDRIDE GAP.
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(1) More reactive than molecular hydrogen
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(2) Can be produced in situ
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(3) Show similarity exactly with hydrogen in reduction reactions
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Sol. Answer (4)
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Nascent hydrogen is more reactive than molecular hydrogen and can be produced in situ.
8. Which are the compounds, which can be oxidised and reduced by H2O2 in acidic and basic medium respectively?
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In acidic medium
In Basic medium
Zn 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
(1) Ortho and para hydrogen are different due to difference in their nuclear spins
(2) Ortho and para hydrogen are different due to difference in their electron spins
(3) Para hydrogen has a lower internal energy than that of ortho hydrogen
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Sol. Answer (1)
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Ortho and Para hydrogen have different nuclear spins.
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11. Hydride ion is a
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Sol. Answer (2)
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H
H H H (Conjugate base of H)2
Hydride ion
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12. Ionic hydrides react with water to
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(1) Give acidic solutions (2) Give basic solutions
Na H + H OH NaOH + H2
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(1) Are also called interstitial hydrides (2) Are non-stoichiometric, being deficient in hydrogen
(3) Pt and Pd hydrides are the example of it (4) Have all properties given above
Metallic hydrides are interstitial and non-stoichiometric and poor conductor of electricity.
Volume strength
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11.2
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2MnO4 + 3H2O218 2MnO2 + 3O2 + 2H2O + 2OH isotopic oxygen goes
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(1) Both with O2 (2) Both with MnO2
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(3) Both with OH (4) One with O2 and one with MnO2
Sol. Answer (1)
2 2H2 O O2
oxidising
2H2O18 18
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A
17. H2O2 can be obtained when following reacts with H2SO4 except with
(1) PbO2 (2) BaO2 (3) Na2O2 (4) SrO2
ON A
Sol. Answer (1)
C
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PbO2 is not a peroxide so, it does not produce H2O2.
(3) 1 mol H2O2 solution gives 10 ml O2 at NTP (4) 1 ml H2O2 solution gives 100 ml O2 at NTP
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H is a Lewis base in I.
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(1) ScH2 (2) LaH2 (3) TiH1.7 (4) All of these
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Sol. Answer (4)
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Transition elements form interstitial hydride.
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(1) H2O with dissolved Mg(HCO3)2 (2) D2O
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(3) D2O with heavy metal impurities (4) H2O with CaCO3
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23. Dipole moment of H2O2 is non-zero as
(1) Two dipole moments are opposite but unequal (2) Two dipole moments are opposite and equal
(3) Two dipole moments are equal but not at 180 (4) Two dipole moments are equal but non-planar
.
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(1) pH = 7 (2) Presence of salts (3) [H+] = [OH] (4) Amphoteric nature
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SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)
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(1) CH4 (2) CsH (3) HCl (4) NaH
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Sol. Answer (1, 3)
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CH4 and HCl are covalent hydride.
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4. Examples of polymeric hydrides are
(1) BH3 (2) BeH2 (3) NaH (4) CaH2
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Sol. Answer (1, 2)
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BH3 and BeH2 exist in polymeric form.
H H H
Be Be Be Be
ON A
H H H
C (BeH2)n
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H H H
B B
H H Hs
(BH3)2
.
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7. H2O2 is
(1) Lighter than water (2) Denser than water
(3) More viscous than water (4) Less viscous than water
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
Density and viscosity of H2O2 is higher than water.
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(1) Stearic acid (2) Oxalic acid (3) Palmitic acid (4) Oleic acid
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Sol. Answer (1, 3, 4)
Stearic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acids are long chain fatty acid and hence their sodiumsalts can participate
in colloidal formation.
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10. Chemical additive which can be used to remove water hardness is
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(1) Na2[Na4(PO3)6] (2) Ca(OH)2 (3) Na2CO310H2O (4) CaCO3
ON A
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3 )
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Na2[Na4(PO3)6] in Calgon method
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Ca(OH)2 Clarks method
(1) The two nuclei have same spin (2) The two nuclei have opposite spin
(3) The two electrons have same spin (4) The two electrons have opposite spin
On increasing ortho concentration equilibrium will shift towards right. Decreasing temp. will also increase the
concentration of parahydrogen and hence equilibrium will shift in forward direction.
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(3) Electrolysis of acidulated water (4) Kolbes electrolysis
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Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
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Hydrogen gas can be prepared by Lanes process, Boschs process, electrolysis of acidulated water and Kolbes
electrolysis.
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(1) Oxidising agent (2) Reducing agent (3) Bleaching agent (4) Acid
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Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
H2O2 acts as oxidising agent, reducing agent, bleaching agent and acid.
ON A
16 C
Radio-activity can be detected in hydrogen due to the presence of
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1 2 3
(1) 1H (2) 1H (3) 1H (4) He
n
1.5
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p
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SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
Hydrogen peroxide is a hydride of oxygen. It can be obtained by sodium peroxide or barium peroxide in laboratory.
Pure hydrogen peroxide is a colourless, syrupy liquid with bitter taste and odour like that of nitric acid. It is highly
soluble in water, alcohol and ether. It is an unstable liquid and readily decomposes to water and oxygen. It has
ability of both oxidising and reducing nature. It is used for restoring colour of oil painting. H2O2 on treatment with
acidified solution of titanium salt, orange colour is produced due to formation of pertitanic acid. Its strength is
measured as volume strength or percentage weight/volume strength.
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2. A 30 volume solution of hydrogen peroxide means that 1 litre of the solution gives
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(1) 30 ml of O2 (2) 30 litres of O2
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(3) 30 ml of O2 at STP (4) 30 litres of O2 at STP
LI = 3 104 mol
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= 30 litre
ON A
3. Pure hydrogen peroxide is a
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(1) Weak base (2) Strong base (3) Weak acid (4) Strong acid
Comprehension-II
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Heavy water is the oxide of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) and is also called deuterium oxide. It is represented as
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D2O. Heavy water is chemically similar to ordinary water. Heavy water is used for the neutron moderator, as a tracer
compound and for the preparation of deuterium. Reaction of heavy water with alkali metals liberates heavy hydrogen.
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Heavy water can also be used for exchanging labile hydrogen with deuterium completely or partially. Heavy water
reacts slower than ordinary water but forms stronger bonds with other elements as compared to hydrogen.
(1) DC CD (2) CD4 (3) Al(OD)3 (4) Both (2) & (3)
3. Which property of heavy water is lesser in magnitude as that compared with normal water?
(1) Molecular mass (2) Density (3) Boiling point (4) Ionisation constant
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Comprehension-III
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Size of nucleus increases from protium to tritium so in H2 D2 & T2 area of overlapping also increases in the same order.
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(3) 1s 2s in each (4) 1s 2s in T2, 1s 1s in rest
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Sol. Answer (1)
ON A
At no. is same for all.
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2. H2, D2 & T2 show their bond-enthalpies as
(1) H2 = D2 = T2 (2) H2 > D2 > T2 (3) H2 < D2 < T2 (4) D2 < H2 < T2
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(1) D2
(2) H2
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(3) HD
SECTION - D
and
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3. STATEMENT-1 : Complete hydrolysis of one mole of peroxydisulphuric acid gives one mole of H2O2 and two
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moles of H2SO4.
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and
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STATEMENT-2 : Peroxydisulphuric acid has one peroxy linkage.
Sol. Answer (1)
HO3 S O O SO3H
Hydrolysis
H2O2 2HSO4 2H
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1mole 1mole
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4. STATEMENT-1 : Zinc hydroxide dissolves in excess of NaOH solution to evolve dihydrogen gas.
ON A
and
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STATEMENT-2 : Zinc hydroxide is amphoteric in nature.
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Sol. Answer (4)
Zn + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2 + H2
Zn(OH)2 is amphoteric in nature.
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5. STATEMENT-1 : Hydrogen gas is liberated by the action of aluminium with a concentrated solution of NaOH.
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and
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2NaAlO2 + H2
2Al + 2NaOH
SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions
Column-I Column-II
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(B) HNO2 (q) Reducing agent
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(C) O3 (r) Bleaching agent
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(D) H2S (s) Acidic in nature
(A) H2O2 act as oxidizing agent, reducing agent, bleaching agent and acidic in nature.
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(B) HNO2 act as both oxidising agent, reducing agent and acidic in nature.
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(C) O3 is an oxidising and bleaching agent.
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(A) sp3 hybridisation is present in H2O, H2O2, B2H6 and NH3. H2O, H2O2 and NH3 can form hydrogen bonding.
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H2O, H2O2 and NH3 also have lone pair in their structure.
Column I Column II
Structures of H2O2 are same but with different bond lengths and bond angles. All are like half open book structure.
H2O is bent molecule.
Column I Column II
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(D) (NaPO3)6 (s) Ionised in water
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(t) Can be removed from water by using washing soda
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Sol. Answer A(r, s, t), B(p, s, t), C(p, s, t), D(q, s)
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(NaPO3)6 is calgon.
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5. Match the following
ON A
Column I Column II
C
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(A) H+ (p) Hydrogen molecule
(t) Proton
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Self explanatory.
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SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. In liquid water, the number of H2O molecules surrounded to one H2O molecule are ____.
Sol. Answer (4)
Each molecules is surrounded by 4 water.
SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : H2O2 is more polar than H2O.
STATEMENT-2 : D2O has higher boiling point than H2O.
STATEMENT-3 : H2 bond energy is less than D2.
(1) T T T (2) TTF (3) TFF (4) FFT
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Sol. Answer (1)
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Dielectric constant of H2O2 is greater than H2O. Boiling point and freezing point of D2O are greater & H2 requires
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less energy.
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STATEMENT-3 : pH of water depends on temperature.
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(1) T T T (2) TTF (3) TFF (4) FFF
Sol. Answer (1)
ON A
Tritium is radioactive. Solubility of NaCl is more in H2O due to high dielectric constant. pH value of H2O decreases
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by increasing temperature.
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3. STATEMENT-1 : Hydrogen is used for cutting and welding purpose.
STATEMENT-2 : In H2, protium is 99% by mass.
STATEMENT-3 : H2 & O2 react only under vigorous conditions.
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Factual
SECTION - H
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Bond length 1
bond strength
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N2 3D2 2ND3
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4. For which f H is zero?
(1) H (2) H
(3) H+ (4) H+(aq)
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Sol. Answer (4)
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Factual
1
Bond strength bond length
.
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7. How many grams of barium hydride must be treated with water to obtain 4.36 L of hydrogen at 20C and
0.975 atm pressure (Ba = 137)?
Sol. BaH2 + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + 2H2
4.36 0.975
Moles of hydrogen produced = = 0.1768 mole
293 1 0.0821
1
0.176 mole of hydrogen is produced = 0.176 = 0.088 moles of BaH2
2
8. When a substance A reacts with water, it produces a combustible gas B and a solution of substance C in
water. When another substance D reacts with this solution of C, it produces the same gas B on warming
but D can produce gas B on reaction with dilute sulphuric acid at room temperature. A imparts a deep
golden yellow colour to a smokeless flame of Bunsen burner. A, B, C and D respectively are _____?
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Zn 2NaOH Na2ZnO 2 H2
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D C B
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Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2
9. An element X reacts with H2 gas at 200C to form compound Y. When Y is heated to a higher temperature, it
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decomposes to element X and H2 gas in the ratio of 559 ml of H2 (measured at STP) for 1.00 g of X reacted. X also
combines with Cl2 to form a compound Z which contains 63.89 percent by mass of chlorine. Identify X, Y and Z.
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Sol. X + H2 XH2
200 C
ON A
XH2 X + H2
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1 gm of X can produce = 559 ml of H2
X + Cl2 XCl2
1
11200 = 20 gm
.
36 .11
1 gm combine with metal =
63 .89
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36 .11
35.5 gm combine with 35.5 = 20 g
63 .89
n factor: 2
So atomic wt. = 40
So metal is Ca.
X = Ca
Y = CaH2
Z = CaCl2
10. Hydrogen peroxide acts both as an oxidising agent and as a reducing agent in alkaline solution towards
certain first row transition metal ions. Illustrate both these properties of H2O2 using chemical equations.
12. To a 25 ml H2O2 solution, excess of acidified solution of potassium iodide was added. The iodine liberated
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required 20 ml of 0.3 N sodium thiosulphate solution. Calculate the volume strength of H2O2 solution.
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Sol. Equivalent of I2 liberated = equivalent of hypo used = equivalent of H2O2
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20 25
So, 0 .3 N(H2O 2 )
1000 1000
20 0.3
N(H2O2) =
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4
= 2.4 10 1000
= 0.24 N
ON A
So, volume strength = 0.24 5.6
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= 1.34 volume
13. Ionic metal hydrides react with water to give hydrogen gas and an aqueous solution of the metal hydroxide.
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(i) On reaction of equal masses of LiH and CaH2 with water, which compound gives more H2?
(ii) How many kilograms of CaH2 is needed to fill a 100 L tank with compressed H2 gas at 150 atm pres-
NE K
1
LiH H2O LiOH H2
2
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Due to low molecular weight, in equal amount it has high no. of moles.
150 100
Moles of H2 produced : = 6.13102
298 1.0821
2 mole of H2 is produced by = 42 g
42 6.13 102
6.13 102 mole of H2 will be produced by = kg
1000 2
= 12.873 kg
H2O2 H+ + HO2
If pH of H2O2 at 20C is found to be 5.91, calculate ionic product (auto-protolysis constant) of H2O2.
Sol. H2O2 ionise as
H2O2 H+ + HO2
pH = log(H+) = 5.9
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H+ = 105.9
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Xionic = 105.9 105.9 = 1011.8 = 1.58 1012
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15. 1 mega litre water (density 1 g/cc) needs 106 Kg of Na2CO3 for removal of its permanent hardness. Determine
its hardness in the multiples of 200 ppm.
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Sol. Answer (5)
A
ON A
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