SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

MODULE-21C

Buckling of Column

1. The effective length of a column in a reinforced concrete building

frame, as per IS: 456-2000, is independent of the

(a) Frame type i.e., braced (no sway) or un-braced (with sway)
(b) Span of the beam
(c) Height of the column
(d) Loads acting on the frame

Ans: (d)

2. A long structural column (length = L) with both ends hinged is

acted upon by an axial compressive load, P. The differential
equation governing the bending of column is given by

where is the structural lateral deflection and EI is the flexural

rigidity. The first critical load on column responsible for its
buckling is given by

2
(a) EI/L2 (b) EI/L2
(c) 2 2EI/L2 (d) 4 2EI/L2

Ans: (a)

3. The buckling load for the column AB in the figure, as

KT approaches infinity, become , where is equal to

(a) 0.25 (b) 1.00 (c) 2.05 (d) 4.00

Ans: (c)

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

4. A steel column, pinned at both ends, has a buckling load of 200kN.

If the column is restrained against lateral movement at its mid-
height, its buckling load will be

(A) 200kN (B) 283kN (C) 400kN (D) 800kN

Ans: (d)

5. Cross-section of a column consisting of two steel strips, each of

thickness t and width b is shown in the figure below. The critical
loads of the column with perfect bond and without bond between
the strips are P and P0respectively. The ration P/P0 is

(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

Ans:
PI

= = =4

6. A rigid bar GH of length L is supported by a hinge and a spring of

stiffness K as shown in the figure below. The buckling load,
Pcr for the bar will be

(A) 0.5 KL (B) 0.8 KL

(C) 1.0KL (D) 1.2KL

Ans:
B.M at A should be zero

P = k L P = kL

7. Consider the following statements for a compression member:

I. The elastic critical stress in compression increases with decrease
in slenderness ratio
II. The effective length depends on the boundary conditions at its
ends
III. The elastic critical stress in compression is independent of the
slenderness ratio
IV. The ratio of the effective length to its radius of gyration is
called as slenderness ratio
The TRUE statements are
(A) II and III (B) III and IV (C) II, III and IV (D)
I, II and IV

Ans: (C)

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

8. The effective length of a column of length L fixed against rotation

and translation alone end and free al the other end is

(A) 0.5 L (B) 0.7 L (C) 1. 414L (D) 2L

Ans: (D)

9. The ratio of the theoretical critical buckling load for a column with
fixed ends to that of another column with the same dimensions and
material, but with pinned ends, is equal to
(A) 0.5 (B) 1.0 (C) 2.0 (D) 4.0

Ans:
Buckling load=

10. The sketch shows a column with a pin at the base and rollers at the
top. It is subjected to an axial force P and a moment M at mid-
height. The reaction(s) at R is/are

(A) A vertical force equal to P

(B) A vertical force equal to P/2
(C) A vertical force equal to P and a horizontal force equal to M/h
(D) A vertical force equal to P/2 and a horizontal force equal to
M/h

Ans.
Taking moments about R
M+ *h=0 =
=p
+ =0 + =0 =

11. Two steel columns P (length and yield strength )

and Q (length 2 and yield strength ) have the
same cross-sections and end-conditions. The ratio of buckling load
of column P to that of column Q is:

(A) 0.5 (B) 1.0 (C) 2.0 (D) 4.0

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

Ans:
Buckling load

For both the columns

E --- is same as both are steel

I --- is same as same cross section

Load

( )

12. A column of height H and area at top A has the same strength
throughout its length, under its own weight and applied stress at
the top. Density of column material is . To satisfy the above
condition, the area of the column at the bottom should be

a) b)

c) A d)

Ans: (A)

13. If the crushing stress in the material of a mild steel column is

3300kg/ . Eulers formula for crippling load is applicable for
slenderness ratio equal to/greater than

a) 40 b) 50
c) 60 d) 80
Ans: (D)

14. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Boundary Eulers
Conditions of column buckling load

a) Pin-pin

b) Fixed end

c) Fixed-free

d) Fixed-pin
Ans: (D)

15. For a circular column having its ends hinged, the slenderness ratio
is 160. The d ratio of the column is

a) 80 b) 57
c) 40 d) 20

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

Ans:

( )
K= =
( )

( )
4 d=160
d= 40

16. A hollow circular column of internal diameter d and external

diameter 1.5d is subjected to compressive load. The maximum
distance of the point of application of load from the centre for no
tension is

a) d/8 b) 13d/48
c) d/4 d) 13d/96
Ans:

17. Assertion (A): the buckling load for a column of specified

material, cross-section and end conditions calculated as per Eulers
formula varies inversely with the column length.
Reason(R): Eulers formula takes into account the end conditions
in determining the effective length of column.
Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: (b)

18. A short column of external diameter and internal diameter

carries an external load W. for no-tension condition, the
eccentricity will be

a) b)

c) d)

Ans: (C)

19. A column base is subjected to moment. If the intensity of bearing

pressure due to axial load is equal to stress due to the moment then
the bearing pressure between the base and the concrete is

a) Uniform compression throughout

b) Zero at one end and compression at the other end
c) Tension at one end and compression at the other end
d) Uniform tension throughout
Ans: (C)

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

20. Assertion (A): Rankines theory is generally used for finding out
the buckling load of intermediate columns.
Reason (R): Eulers theory gives higher values for buckling loads
in intermediate columns.
Codes:
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false but R is true.

Ans: (D)

21. Which one of the following pairs is NOT correctly matched?

a) Both ends hinged:

b) Both end fixed:

c) One end fixed and other end free:

d) One end fixed and other hinged:

Ans: (D)

22. The slenderness ratio of a compression member in the context of

Rankines formula is defined as

a)

b)

c)

d)

Ans: (B)

23. Match list-I(end conditions of columns) with list-II(effective

length, ) and select the correct answer using the codes given
below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. Both ends fixed 1. =2L
B. Both ends hinged 2.
C. One end fixed other free 3. =L
D. One end fixed other 4. = L
hinged

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SUB: STRENGTH OF MATERIAL MODULE-21C

Codes:
A B C D
a) 2 4 1 3
b) 3 1 2 4
c) 2 4 3 1
d) 3 1 4 2

Ans: (A)

24. A circular column of external diameter D, and internal diameter d,

carries an eccentric load such that tension is developed nowhere.
What shall be the diameter of the core?

a) b)

c) d)

Ans:

=
( )

25. If the Euler load for a steel column is 1000KN and crushing load is
1500KN, the Rankine load is equal to

a) 2500KN b) 1500KN
c) 1000KN d) 600KN
Ans:

600KN
26. For the design of a cast iron member, the most appropriate theory
of failure is

a) Mohrs theory
b) Rankines theory
c) Maximum stress theory
d) Maximum shear energy theory

Ans: (B)

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