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Code No. M0228

R07 Set No.1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2011
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Explain the following terms
i) Maximum demand ii) Coincident demand (iii) Contribution factor
iv) Loss factor
b) Define and derive the relationship between load and loss factors.

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2. a) Discuss the various factors effecting the selection of the primary feeder rating.
b) Explain various types of radial primary feeders with suitable diagrams.

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3. a) What are the various factors that are to be considered in selecting a substation
location?

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b) Give a detailed analysis of square shaped and hexagonal shaped distribution
substation areas.

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4. a) Discuss the importance of voltage drop consideration in distribution systems.
b) Derive the voltage drop and power loss of non-three phase distribution systems
and compare with the three phase balanced systems.

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5. a) What are the types of common faults that occur in a distribution system?
Explain them with proper line diagram.
b) The per unit positive, negative and zero sequence impedances of a distributed

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network are 0.02, 0.02 and 0.01 respectively. Determine the fault current if the
fault is double line to ground.

6. a) Explain the salient points in general coordination of protective devices.

b) Explain the circuit breaker to auto re-closer coordination procedure.

7. a) Justify the importance of power factor correction.

b) A 3-phase, 50HZ, 2200V induction motor develops 400H.P at a power factor
0.8 lag and efficiency 90% .The power factor is to be raised to unity by
connecting a bank of condensers in delta across supply mains. If each of the
capacitance unit is built up of 4 similar 550V condensers, calculate the required
capacitance of each condenser.

8. a) Explain the effect of AVR on voltage control with a neat sketch?

b) With the help of a phasor diagram, show how a series capacitor boosts the
voltage? What are the drawbacks of this method?

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Code No. M0228 R07 Set No.2

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2011
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Define and derive the relationship between load and loss factors.
b) The input to a sub transmission system is 87.6106 kWh annually. On the
peak load day of the year, the peak is 25,000 kW and the energy input that day
is 3105 kWh. Find the load factors for the year and for the peak-load day.

2. a) Compare the radial and loop type primary feeders.

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b) Discuss the various loading and voltage level factors that influence the
design and operation of primary feeders.

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substation areas and compare their loading pattern.
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3. Give a detailed analysis of square shaped and hexagonal shaped distribution

4. a) Discuss the significance of voltage drop and power loss calculations

in distribution systems

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b) Prove that the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the single
phase two wire ungrounded lateral with full capacity neutral is 6 times larger
than the one in the equivalent three phase 4 wire lateral.

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5. a) What are the types of common faults that occur in a distribution system?
Explain them with proper line diagram.
b) Considering a typical example, describe the procedure for fault current

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calculations in a distribution system, mentioning the assumptions to be made
for the analysis.

6. a) Explain the salient points in general coordination procedure.

b) Discuss the coordination procedure between a fuse and a circuit breaker.

7. a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system.

b) A 3-phase 500 H.P, 50Hz, 11kv star connected induction motor has a full
load efficiency of 85% at a lagging p.f of 0.75 and is connected to a feeder.
If it is desired to correct it to a p.f of 0.9 lagging load, determine the following:
i) The size of the capacitor bank in KVAR
ii) The capacitance of each unit if the capacitors are connected in star as
well as in delta.
8. a) How an AVB can control voltage? With the aid of suitable diagram explain its
function.
b) Explain the effect of line drop compensation on voltage control.

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Code No. M0228 R07 Set No.3

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2011
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Discuss the characteristics of the following categories of loads:
i) Residential ii) Commercial iii) Agricultural iv) Industrial
b) Assume that the annual peak load of a primary feeder is 2000kW, at which the
power is 80kW per three phase. Assuming an annual loss factor of 0.15,
Determine (i) the average annual power loss (ii) the total annual energy loss
due to the copper losses of the feeder.

2. a) Compare the radial and loop type primary feeders.

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b) Discuss the various loading and voltage level factors that influence the design
and operation of primary feeders.

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3. a) Discuss the factors influencing the substation location.
b) Show that if the voltage drops are limited, six feeders can carry only1.25
times as much load as the four feeders.

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in distribution system. W
4. a) Discuss the importance of voltage drop and power loss calculations

b) Derive the voltage drop and power loss of non-three phase distribution systems

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and compare with the three phase balanced systems.

5. Briefly discuss the various faults that occur in distribution system and their

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protective schemes employed.

6. a) Explain the salient points in general coordination of protective devices.

b) Explain the fuse to fuse coordination procedure in distribution system
protection.

7. a) Explain the economic justification of installing a capacitor in distribution

system.
b) A 3-phase, 50Hz, 400V motor develops 74.6 kW, the power factor being 0.75
lagging and efficiency 93%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the
supply terminals and power factor raised to 0.95 lagging. Each of the capacitance
units is built up of 4 similar 100V capacitors. Determine the capacitance of each
capacitor.

8. a) Write short notes on the role of AVB on voltage control.

b) Briefly explain the line drop compensation on voltage control.

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Code No. M0228 R07 Set No.4

IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2011
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Explain the importance of load modeling and its characteristics in distribution
systems.
b) A power supply system is having the following loads:
Max.
Diversity
Type of load demand Demand factor
of group
Domestic
Commercial
Industrial
(kW)
15000
25000
50000
1.25
1.2
1.3
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0.7
0.9
0.98

i)
ii)
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If the overall system diversity factor is 1.5, determine the following:

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Max. demand on supply system
connected load of each type.

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2. a) Explain the various types of radial primary feeders with diagrams.
b) Discuss the various routing and conductor size selection factors that influence
the design and operation of primary feeders.

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3. a) What are the advantages of optimally located substation?
b) Compare and contrast between square shaped and hexagonal shaped

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distribution substation areas.

4. a) Discuss the importance of voltage drop and power loss calculations in

distribution systems.
b) Prove that the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the single
phase two wire ungrounded lateral with full capacity neutral is 6 times larger
than the one in the equivalent three phase 4 wire lateral.

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Code No. M0228

R07 Set No.4

5. a) What are the objectives of Distribution system protection?

b) Discuss the operation of fuses and their characteristics.

6. a) Explain the principle of operation of a line sectionalizer with a

suitable diagram.
b) Discuss the coordination procedure between a fuse and a circuit breaker.

7. a) Compare and explain role of shunt and series capacitors in power factor
correction.
b) A 400V, 50cycles 3-phase line delivers 207KW at 0.8 P.f lag. It is desired to

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bring the line P.F to unity by installing shunt capacitors. Calculate
the capacitance if they are (i) star connected (ii) delta connected.

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b) Explain the role of series capacitor in voltage control.
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8. a) Why do we need to control the voltage of a power system? Explain in detail.

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