Concrete pipe

ENGLISH REPORT
Aula Ahmed Naji
Third stage / structural (A)

University of
technology

Building and
construction
engineering

11/21/2017
 What is concrete?
This is one of the most used
construction material around the
world. It is a strong conglomerate
construction material and is
obtained by mixing specific
quantities of cement with specific
quantities of granular material such
as sand, fibers.

Contrary to popular belief, concrete and cement is not the same thing; cement is
actually just a component of concrete. Concrete is made up of three basic components:
water, aggregate (rock, sand, or gravel) and Portland cement. Cement, usually in
powder form, acts as a binding agent when mixed with water and aggregates. This
combination, or concrete mix, will be poured and harden into the durable material with
which we are all familiar

Components of a Basic Concrete Mix

There are three basic ingredients in the concrete mix:

Portland Cement
Water
Aggregates (rock and sand)

Portland cement - The cement and water form a paste that coats the aggregate and sand
in the mix. The paste hardens and binds the aggregates and sand together.

Water- Water is needed to chemically react with the cement (hydration) and too provide
workability with the concrete. The amount of water in the mix in pounds compared
with the amount of cement is called the water/cement ratio. The lower the w/c ratio,
the stronger the concrete. (Higher strength, less permeability)

Aggregates- Sand is the fine aggregate. Gravel or crushed stone is the coarse aggregate
in most mixes.
 Desired Properties of Concrete

1. The concrete mix is workable: It can be placed and consolidated properly by yourself
or your workmen.

2. Desired qualities of the hardened concrete are met: for example, resistance to freezing
and thawing and deicing chemicals, water tightness (low permeability) , wear
resistance, and strength. Know what you are trying to achieve with the concrete.

3. Economy: Since the quality depends mainly on the water to cement ratio, the water
requirement should be minimized to reduce the cement requirement (and thus reduce
the cost).

Take these steps to reduce the water and cement requirements:

Use the stiffest mix possible

Use the largest size aggregate practical for the job.
Use the optimum ratio of fine to coarse aggregate.

How to obtain a good and strength concrete?

A proper ratio between the cement quantity and the granular material quantity is very
important because it determines the concrete strength, which implicitly affects the
structure and strength of the building.
Other factors that have an impact on your concrete strength and hardness are humidity
and temperature so you need to ensure the right levels as well. When mixing it, the
concrete becomes a paste than can further on fill spaces among the aggregate particles
of the construction. After the mixing process, start using the concrete to fill in spaces
you planned to, because it quickly hardens. After the concrete was put in place, it can
take few weeks to achieve its final strength.
 Concrete pipe

Round reinforced concrete pipe offers an impressive record of strength and

performance, making it the most economical and reliable choice for drainage
materials available today

Applications

Sanitary sewers
Storm drains
Culverts
Irrigation distribution systems
Low-pressure sewer force mains
Low-pressure water supply systems
Treatment plant piping
Outfalls
Utility tunnels
Groundwater recharge systems
Jacked or tunnelled installations
Cattle pass tunnelling
Trenchless installations
Applications with internal hydrostatic pressures (up to 65 psi)
Dimensions description
The concrete pipe has a length equal to 15 meter with an inner diameter of 0.94 meter
and the outside diameter is 1 meter

To calculate the amount of the concrete required:

This process is done by calculate the volume of concrete per m3 and multiply the
volume by density
The answer represented weight of required concrete
Where volume of concrete equal to area multiply height

Volume of pipe = 3.14*(0.52 0.472)*15

= 1.371 m
W=23*5.485
=126.155 KN
The amount of concrete that required in the pipe
Outside Diameter of Inside Diameter of Length of Tube Volume of concrete
Tube (m) Tube (m) (m) (m)
1 0.94 15 1.371
MOST POPULAR CONCRETE STRUCTURES

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