Student ID No.: UPT ‘neownanary ormenioworenes TEE UNIVERSITY OF TRINIDAD & TOBAGO FINAL EXAMINATIONS MAY 2014 Course Code and Title: RESR2003-Fluid Flow in Porous Media Programme: B.ASe. in Petroleum Engineering Date and Time: ‘Thursday 24" Apel, 2014 1:00 pm. ~ 4:00 pm, Duration: 3 hours PLEASE READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU BEGIN THIS EXAMINATION Materials Supplied: 1. 2sheets of graph paper per student. 2. Lsheet of semi-log graph paper. hi Qn 1 1. This paper has 10 pages and 5 questions. 2. You are required to answer ALL Questions. 3. The question paper is to be returned with the Answer script and other writing paper to the Invigilator at the end of the examination. 4. You are reminded of the need for clarity of expression and logical working steps must be shown, Key Examination Protocol 1, Students please note that academie dishonesty (or cheating) includes but is not limited to plagiarism, collusion, falsification, replication, taking unauthorised notes or devices into an examination, obtaining an unauthorised copy of the examination paper, communicating or tying to communicate with another candidate during the examination, and being a party to impersonation in relation to an examination, 2, The above mentioned and any other actions which compromise the integrity of the academic evaluation process will be fully investigated and addressed in accordance with UTT’s academic regulations. 3. Please be reminded that speaking without the Invigilator’s permission is NOT allowed, ©The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page | of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003‘Student ID No. 1, The Dean-Stark Extraction Method was used to determine the saturations of core samples taken from the Herrera sands from the Moruga West Field, at approximately 4000 ft with areal extent of 950 acres. The following information was determined: Mass of saturated sample = 59. gms Bulk volume determined by nondestructive means = 42 cc Oil density = 0.80 gm/ec Volume of water collected when solvent was heated = 3.3 mi Dry weight obtained, after core sample was removed and dried = 48 gms Density of water used to re-saturate sample = 1.00 gm/cc Weight of sample after saturated with fresh water = 62 gms Using the data above, determine the following a. Pore volume, Vp (3 marks) b. Porosity , 6 (3 marks) c. Water saturation, Sy (3 marks) 4d. Oil saturation, S, (3 marks) fe. Gas Saturation, Sy (3 marks) © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page 2 0f 10 ‘May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No. 2. A tilted porous medium with a dip angle of 5° has a thickness of 174.3 ft with a datum level at half way in the medium. The incompressible fluid exhibits linear flow and has a density of 42 lb/ft’. L = 2000 ft h=20ft w= 300ft k= 100 mD = 15% n= 2ep x = 2000 psi Pa = 1990 psi Calculate: a. Fluid potential below the datum level (3 marks) Fluid potential above the datum level (3 marks) c, The difference in fluid potential and state the direction the fluid will be flowing at this pressure, explaining the reason for your answer. (3 marks) 4. Flow rate (3 marks) @. Actual fluid velocity (3 marks) © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page 3 0f 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No.: 3. A gas well is producing at a constant rate of 7454.2 Msctiday under transient flow conditions. The following data are available: k=50mD =10f = = 20% —p,= 1600 psi T=600°R fw2O0.3ft — cy =6.25x 10° psi* The gas properties are tabulated below: P, psi Hy &P z m(p), psi'/cp 0 0.01270 7.000 0.000 400 0.01286 0.937 73.2 x 10 800 0.01390 0.882 52.0 x 10° 7200 0.01530 0.832 113.1 x 107 7600 0.07680 0.794 198.0 x 10" Calculate the bottom-hole flowing pressure after 4 hours by using: a. The m(p)-method {9 marks) b. The p*-method (6 marks) © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No. An oil well is producing at a constant flow rate of 300 STB/day under unsteady- state flow conditions. The reservoir has the following rock and fluid properties: B, = 1.25 bbV/STB = 12x 10° psi’ k, = 60mD P; = 4000 psi = 15% a. Using the E-Function Solution, calculate pressure at radii of 0.25, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ft for t= 1 hour, t= 12 hours and 24 hours. Plot the following pressure profiles as a function of time i Pressure vs. radius (15 marks) il, Pressure vs. logarithm of radius (15 marks) b. Discuss the trends and the shape of the two (2) graphs in i, and ii, above, for t= 1 hr, t= 12 hours and 24 hours. (4 marks) © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page $ of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No.: 5. An oil well is developed on the center of a 40-acre square-drilling pattern. The well is producing at a constant flow rate of 800 STB/day under a semi-steady state condition. The reservoir has the following properties: = 15% h=30f k= 200 md Ho = 1.5 cp B, = 1.2 bb/STB & = 25 x 10° psi? P= 4500 psi y= 0.25 ft A= 40 acres Table 4: Shape Factors for Various Single-Well Drainage Areas In Bounded Reser Cw 31.62 . 316 [\ x6 oJ om wit 219 {Ab owe ae Hs} i2aest id FB] asise FS ass © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page 6 of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No. a. Calculate and plot the bottom-hole flowing pressure as a function of time, from tot = 200 hrs, and explain the shape of the graph (15 marks) b. Based on the plot, calculate the pressure decline rate for the average reservoir pressure from t = 10 tot = 200 hrs? (3 marks) ©. Explain the shape of the graph, in reference to the value obtained for the decline rate, (3 marks) THE END OF THIS EXAMINATION © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page 7 of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003‘Student ID No.: Formula Sheet _ (et of wet core, gm—wt of dry core, gm - wt of water, gm) S, (porevolume, cc)(densityofoil, gm/cc) pa 0,001127kA(®, -®,) ue i 70.60, 1,B, | .| —948¢y1,c,77 olen. kh Fl ki E,(—x)=In(1.781x) E(-x)=a, +a, In(x)+a,[In(x)P +4, [in(x)F +a;x +Agx" +0,x° +4 /x a, =-0.33153973 a, =-0.81512322 a, =5.22123384(107) a, =5.984981107) a, =0.662318450 a, =-0.12333524 a, =1.0832566(107) a, =8.6709776(10~*) May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No.: _ 0.000264 ke PH Cy he D Wp =0.5[In(r, )+ 0.80907] m(p,,)= m(p,)- [ ee be >. (14220,T uz Pw =P; —| 4 Wo _[, 023396081] _162.608u [44 dee en gage kh L781 2 ©The University of Trinidad & Tobago Page 9 of 10 May 2014 Final Examinations RESR2003Student ID No. 3 34 567801 45 67eat Page 10 of 10