ALBtelecom SH. a.

(a shortening of Albanian Telecom - Telekomi Shqiptar) was

established as Albania's state company that provided telecommunications services
through a fixed network. On 5 December 1912 the Provisional Government led by
Ismail Qemali established the Ministry of Post Telegraph Telephones, where
ALBtelecom existed only as a government office.[1] It is the largest fixed line
telephone company in the country, currently covering with Optical Fiber Backbone
Network the entire territory of Albanian cities (Albania's population is 3.2
million).[2]
It was privatized on 1 October 2007 (following a privatization process which
started in 2000), with 76% of its shares sold by the Albanian government to a
consortium of two Turkish companies, alik Holding and Trk Telekom, with Calik
taking 80% of the consortium's stake.[1]
In May 1996 ALBtelecom created Albanian Mobile Communications (Now Telekom Albania)
and in March 2008 created another mobile telephony company called Eagle Mobile,[3]
which gained a 13% market share within a year. [4]
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Before the privatization
3 Privatization
4 Eagle Mobile
5 References
History[edit]
ALBtelecom was created in 1912, right after the Independence of Albania, and was
licensed to provide fixed and mobile telephony, and internet, in 1992, by the
Entity of Telecommunication Regulation (ERT). ALBtelecom is owned by CETEL a.s., in
Ankara (76 percent of the shares), and by the Albanian government and other
shareholders (24 percent). CETEL a.s. itself is owned by one of the biggest
companies in Turkey, alik Group, with 80 percent of the shares, and by Turk
Telekom, with 20 percent.[citation needed]
By the end of 2012, the company has invested on the replacement and expansion of
the network from TDM to NGN technology, to increase the capacities across the
country, on the preparation of infrastructure, on the latest technology services,
as well as to improve the service infrastructure, etc.
The fibre optic network has already reached 3000 km across the country, with 600 km
of international network that enables connection with the neighboring countries. In
2007, when the company was privatized, there were only 500 km of optical fibre.
Before the privatization[edit]
Todays ALBtelecom was founded just after the creation of Independent Albania, in
1912, after the Declaration of Independence of the Albanian State. This government,
having acknowledged the importance of interconnection for the essential needs of
the new state, population, economy, and external communication, took steps to
organize the Post-telegraphic service. For this reason, the Albanian Ministry of
Post-telegraph was founded, and Mr. Lef Nosi was appointed as the first minister of
this Ministry. This ministry would later be called the Ministry of Post and
Telecommunications.
Despite all the efforts to create a structure that would facilitate the
communications within and outside the country, during World War I, the
interconnection suffered mass destruction. Its transformations resumed immediately
after the creation of the new Albanian state in 1920. The government invested in
the construction of the first plant with a capacity of 200 numbers.
The Interconnection Administration of the Albanian State was created in year 1922,
as a part of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and it adhered as a member of the
International Postal Union, and became a member of the International
Telecommunication Union as well. During the rule of Ahmet Zog, interconnection was
technically backward and nothing but a limited network which served mainly to the
state administration.
In 1930, another plant, with a capacity of 150 numbers, which aided the state
institutions was installed. At this time, 94% of the interconnection was covered by
the postal service, 4% was covered by the telegraphic services, and 1% by the
telephony service.
The aftermath of World War II was still present in the telecommunications sector,
where many of the lines were damaged. During 1945, many of those were rebuilt, and
in the meantime the Post-telegraphic offices reopened, standing on similar levels
to those of pre-war.
The telephonic interconnection with the world was established in 1946, through the
Tirana-Peshkopia line. In this same period, the interurban telephone service by
means of booths is introduced for the first time.
In August 1947, the General Directorate of Post-Telecommunication was created under
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Also, in this same year, it was installed the
first automatic plant in Tirana, with a capacity of 800 numbers.
In 1960, the fixed telephony capacity quadrupled. Meanwhile, given the ever-
increasing need for communication, in 1965, Post-Telecommunication offices were
established in all the localities of the country. This was accomplished through
direct telephone interconnection of all offices with Tirana.
In the early 1970s, the Post-telecommunication Sector took another important step;
enabling of the connections with the villages. It was in this year that Tirana
acquired direct connection with all other cities/towns.
The 80s and onwards mark the increase in investment flows, in the context of plant
capacity expansion in the cities, to strengthen and develop the technical base, as
well as to mount the numbering system devices, highly facilitating the telephone
communication path.
Furthermore, the 1990s brought a new wind of positive changes in our country, which
coincided with the installation of a new system and which was accompanied by
gigantic changes in the field of telecommunications.
On February 5, 1992, the Albanian Telecom was established as a separate enterprise.
During the 15-year period, the fixed telephony company marked many investments in
network improvement, and in the offering of new services. The public telephone
service of prepaid cards was established during the first part of 1996, whereas in
1997, a more qualitative line of optical fibre cable was applied in the
transmission of international traffic.[citation needed]
Privatization[edit]
The 2000s belong to a new phase of privatization preparations for ALBtelecom. CETEL
Telekom, consisting of one of the largest companies in Turkey, alik Group (80% of
the shares), and Turk Telekom (20% of the shares), bought 76% of the ALBtelecom
shares, while the rest of the shares (24%) is owned by the Albanian government and
other shareholders.
After a long negotiation procedure, on October 1, 2007, the CETEL Company, member
of ALIK Holding, headquartered in Istanbul, and in consortium with Turk Telekom,
officially became the owner of the fixed telephony giant ALBtelecom, and of the
third mobile operator in Albania, Eagle Mobile.
100 percent of the shares of Eagle Mobile were owned by ALBtelecom. Based on the
contract ratified by the Albanian Parliament, ALIK Holding and Turk Telekom became
owners of 76% of the shares of ALBtelecom.[citation needed]
During these years the company has worked to create a network maintenance centre.
Thus, in 2001, the Network Supervising and Maintenance Centre was founded, together
with the expansion of existing capacities by means of two technologies, the
Alcatel S12 and Siemens EWSD. 2004 was an important year in the development and
improvement of the Company. The first phase of Invoicing and Customer Care systems,
as well as the central internet network expansion, and the ADSL technology were
implemented.
Since the privatization of the company, in September 2007, in addition to providing
services in the fixed telephony and in the broadband internet service, ALBtelecom
has carried out a large volume of investments for setting up a modern network of
shops, as well as for the total replacement of infrastructure and network around
the country.[citation needed]
Eagle Mobile[edit]
The merging process of ALBtelecom and Eagle Mobile began in March 2011. Although
being part of the same package, the companies functioned as two different entities.
In February 2013, the company ALBtelecom took possession of the mobile company,
Eagle Mobile, which turned into a brand within ALBtelecom. The Electronic and
Postal Communications Authority (EPCA - AKEP) has given ALBtelecom the license of
transfer that allows the company to offer products and services of fixed telephony,
and broadband internet, as well as mobile telephony and mobile broadband internet
under the Eagle Mobile trademark.
Eagle Mobile entered the Albanian telecommunication market on 12 March 2008. Now
the company covers 98.5% of the country's population and 92.5% of the national
territory. The third operator helped in the market liberalization. Prices underwent
a sharp decline of over 40% with its arrival.[5]
In February 2013 ALBtelecom & Eagle Mobile were finally merged in one single
company and on 3 April were officially presented under the brand of ALBtelecom.