Graci Smith

Miss Cook

Competition

October 25 2017

Overpopulation and the affects of it

Overpopulation seems to be the black sheep when talking about the Earths future. With

the right precautions and steps the people of Earth can eliminate this problem before having to

take drastic measures. Here are the steps in order to stop overpopulation before it gets out of

hand:

1. Promote birth control/contraceptives and make them easier to access around the globe

2. Offer more information about overpopulation in high school biology classes and display

the seriousness of this problem

3. Provide sex education for elementary leveled students

4. Establish a tax exempt if parents only have two or less children

5. Enforce a two child policy

These five steps will help to stabilize the growth of population around the world. Overpopulation

is no joke and needs to be addressed before people have to take extremes measures. Although, by

then it will already be too late.

To begin with, birth control and contraceptives have been frowned upon in many parts of

the world. In 1995 Senanayake and Potts mention on Encyclopedia:

The oral contraceptive pill accounts for 34 percent of contraceptive use in the

Netherlands, but only 2 percent in Japan. The intrauterine device provides contraception
 for 19 percent of French women, but only 1 percent of U.S. women. Conversely, the

United States has the highest rate of female sterilization in the developed world.

Recognize that most these percentages are not even close to fifty percent. If the United Nations

could get the countries percent to fifty there would not have to be any two child policies put in

place. Superdrug states how in North America has 25.2 percent of people that do not know about

the prevalences of birth control. Additionally, South America has 25.4 percent and Europe has

30.8 percent. The numbers continue to rise with Asia at 32.2 and Africa at 66.6 percent. The

highest contraception used around the world is female sterilization at 19.2 percent. Although no

contraception is at a whopping 36.4 percent. All in all, if the United Nations were to make

contraceptives more aware of that easier to access it would change these statistics tremendously.

Furthermore, by creating awareness of birth control it will allow people to have less

children which results in eliminating the problem of overpopulation. Another way the United

Nations can stop this process is by placing an content standard that displays what overpopulation

is and the affects of it. In biology classes it is already mentioned but the affects of it are not.

Overpopulation effects are briefly mention in high school classes. Carry capacity is one of the

points that are mentioned but air pollution, decrease in natural sources, and habitat loss is not.

With that in mind every student that goes to school will obtain more knowledge about

overpopulation and most importantly the effects of it. Once the effects are taught students will

understand the seriousness of this problem.

Now, this next step may seem obscure but it is only for the benefit of stopping this issue

before it becomes out of hand. Classes over sex education needs to be taught in elementary

schools. Most parents will not agree with this but it is the best thing to do for the people of Earth.
By taking this step it will allow children to become fully aware of sex education instead of

looking it up on the internet later. When it is taught it will give children all the information

(including contraceptives) about sex education and this will decrease the rate of teen

pregnancies. The World Atlas displays that the top three places in the country for teen

pregnancies are in in Africa. If the United Nations could find a way to get conservatives to

Africa it would solve many problems and not just overpopulation. In this quote from Robert

Engelman he shows how Africa is becoming overpopulated:

The United Nations now forecasts three billion to 6.1 billion peoplestaggering

numbers. Even conservative estimates, from places such as the International Institute for Applied

Systems Analysis in Austria, now see Africa at 2.6 billion. The U.N. has in recent years

continually raised its midline projection for 2100 world population, from 9.1 billion in a 2004

estimate to 11.2 billion today. Almost all of the unanticipated increase comes from Africa.

In the end, with the help of the United Nations providing sex education to elementary level

students will allow them to know all the options and stop the increase of teen pregnancies.

Which will stop the progression of overpopulation.

Following these steps if overpopulation is still continues to pose a threat to society then

the precautions will only continue to get more intense. Additionally, with the help of the United

Nations we could create a tax exempt for parents that have two children or less. In this quote on

Pennlive it emphasises the effect this would have on America and the way parents would take

this step when planning for a family.

I would like our government to limit the number of tax deductions per couple to two (if

you have three or more children, you may continue claiming them until theyre 18). Limit
 the number of children who get benefits under the welfare program and other programs as

well. Limiting to two deductions would encourage zero population growth, help the

federal deficit, limit other entitlement spending and suggest to other counties to follow

suit. Fewer deductions to help the deficit, but fewer taxpayers hurt the Social Security

ponzi scheme.

This is not like the Chinese government policy of banning more than one child per couple

as an example. Couples are free to have as many children as they wish. This is only

changing the tax deduction to help influence change, bring the problem to light and to

have the biggest impact to slowing or reducing world population and global warming as

well.

In the end, this tax exempt will stress the importance of taking this precautions before it is too

late and the World is at risk.

Finally, after all of these measures have been taken and if the world is still in danger then

there is only one option left. We will have to go to the one child policy like China. In 1970

Chinas fertility rate reached a high of 6.3. Although after the one child policy in 2015 the

fertility rate was 1.6 (National Geographic). That is a huge drop considering that recently if you

were an only child between your parents then you are allowed to have two children. China has

decreased there overpopulation rate so much that now they are allowed to loosen up the reigns.

Rwanda has experienced many problems with overpopulation and in the example displays one of

the difficulties.
 But in Rwanda, the most densely populated country in Africa, the importation of such

resources has long been limited. Unlike other densely populated countries such as Hong

Kong and Holland, Rwanda's economy at the time of its most infamous genocide, in

1994, depended almost exclusively on its primary production [17]. The country had little

industry, few exports, and little tourism. The price of its most important export, coffee,

had declined steeply just before the genocide [18]. Unlike many Asian countries, Rwanda

also received few remittances from Rwandans working as guest workers abroad [17].

Among the many different explanations for the horrific 1994 Rwandan genocide, the

possibility of a Malthusian check (also called demographic entrapment) is scarcely

mentioned [17,19]. A Malthusian check in Rwanda was plausible not only because the

total population was too large, but perhaps more importantly because the rate of

population growth in Rwanda was faster than the capacity of Rwandan society to process

the additional people. As a result, many indicators of development went backwards. The

limited agricultural capacity forced many young men into Kigali, causing a concentration

of young men with few prospects other than what they might gain from violence.

So in the end, many places in the world are having difficulting with overpopulation and with the

help of the United Nations we could end this problem with these steps.

Overall, overpopulation it the elephant in the room when it is mentioned. This problem

needs to be addressed before it gets out of hand. So with the help of the United Nations could

help us get contraceptives to places around the world that do not have them and make

overpopulation more aware in high school biology classes it will change the world for the better.
Also, providing sex education classes for elementary leveled students will allow them to be more

aware of conceptions and decrease teen pregnancies. Finally, by creating a tax exempt for those

parents with two children or less it will emphasis the seriousness of this problem and make

parents understand it. On the other hand, with the help of the United Nations all of these steps

could ultimately change the world and there would be no need to enforce a two child policy.

Although, if we do not take these precautions the world will continue to increase in population,

global warming and decrease in natural resources. In conclusion, with funding for this project the

world would become a safer and cleaner place with no worries of overpopulation or two child

policies.
 Works Cited

Birth Control. International Encyclopedia of Marriage and Family, Encyclopedia.com,

www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/divisions-diagnostics-and-procedures/medicine/birth-control.

Butler, Colin D. Human Carrying Capacity and Human Health. PLOS Medicine, Public

Library of Science,

journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0010055.

Reproductive Health: Teen Pregnancy. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers

for Disease Control and Prevention, 9 May 2017, www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/about/index.htm.

Engelman, Robert. Africa's Population Will Soar Dangerously Unless Women Are More

Empowered. Scientific American, 1 Feb. 2016,

www.scientificamerican.com/article/africa-s-population-will-soar-dangerously-unless-women-ar

e-more-empowered/.
 See How the One-Child Policy Changed China. National Geographic, National Geographic

Society, 1 Mar. 2016,

news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/11/151113-datapoints-china-one-child-policy/.

Superdrug. Birth Control Around the World: Mapping Methods of Contraception | Superdrug,

onlinedoctor.superdrug.com/birth-control-around-the-world/.

Editor, Letters to the. With Overpopulation, Why Give Parents Tax Breaks for More than Two

Kids? PennLive Letters. PennLive.com, 25 Oct. 2013,

www.pennlive.com/opinion/2013/10/with_overpopulation_why_give_parents_tax_breaks_for_m

ore_than_two_kids_pennlive_letters.html.

Writer, Test. Highest Teen Pregnancy Rates Worldwide. WorldAtlas, 30 Dec. 2015,

www.worldatlas.com/articles/highest-teen-pregnancy-rates-worldwide.html.
Rubric rating submitted on: 11/13/2017, 11:02:27 PM by danielle.cook@redstreaks.org
4 3 2 1 0

W.1.a: Hook (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 2 creatively Introduction demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)
demonstrated) paragraph a couple errors multiple errors Introduction
Introduction captures the exist) exist) paragraph
paragraph reader's Introduction Introduction captures the
captures the attention. paragraph paragraph reader's
reader's captures the captures the attention.
attention. reader's reader's
attention. attention.

W.1. a: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt) A

Summary creatively A brief demonstrate, but demonstrate, but brief summary
Your score: 3 demonstrated) A summary of any a couple errors multiple errors of any
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of any information is summary of any summary of any information is
background given to background background given to
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W.1.a: Purpose (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt)

& Signifiance creatively The topic and demonstrate, but demonstrate, but The topic and
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W.1.a: Thesis (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted, but (Attempted, but (no attempt
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The last thesis statement sentence is a sentence is a thesis statement
sentence is a that is clear, thesis statement thesis statement that is clear,
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W. 1. a: Topic (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted, but (Attempted, but (No attempt
Sentences creatively Each body a couple errors multiple errors made) Each
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begins with a sophisticated, clear, clear, sophisticated,
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W. 1. b: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Organization & creatively Claims, demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Claims,
Sequencing demonstrated) counterclaims, a couple errors multiple errors counterclaims,
Your score: 3 Claims, reasons, and exist) Claims, exist) Claims, reasons, and
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reasons, and effectively reasons, and reasons, and effectively
evidence are structured and evidence are evidence are structured and
effectively organized in a effectively effectively organized in a
structured and logical structured and structured and logical
organized in a sequence. organized in a organized in a sequence.
logical logical logical
sequence. sequence. sequence.

W. 1. b: Genre (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 2 creatively The essay demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) The
demonstrated) contains all a couple errors multiple errors essay contains
The essay necessary exist) The essay exist) The essay all necessary
contains all componets for contains all contains all componets for
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W. 1. b: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Significance of creatively The significance demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) The
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W. 1. c: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Transitions creatively Thoughtful demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)Thoughtfu
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between points show connection show connection
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W. 1. b: Focus (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 4 creatively Maintains a demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)Maintains
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W. 1. b: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Examples & creatively Contains demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Contains
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Your score: 2 Contains specific, exist) Contains exist) Contains specific,
effective, relevant effective, effective, relevant
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relevant details to back relevant relevant details to back
examples and up major claims examples and examples and up major claims
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in each body in each body in each body
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W. 1. b: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Reflection of creatively Clear reflection demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Clear
Evidence demonstrated) on the evidence a couple errors multiple errors reflection on the
Your score: 2 Clear reflection is referenced exist) Clear exist) Clear evidence is
on the evidence from the text reflection on the reflection on the referenced from
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from the text and clearly referenced from referenced from thoroughly and
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W. 1. f: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt
Rephrase Thesis creatively Conclusion demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)
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and supports the essay. restates thesis restates thesis claims in the
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W. 1. f: So (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

What/Look to creatively Conclusion demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)
the Future demonstrated) offers closure a couple errors multiple errors Conclusion
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and leaves the by answering offers closure offers closure reader thinking
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L. 2: Sentence (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Complexity/Var creatively Sentence variety demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Sentence
iety demonstrated) is effective and a couple errors multiple errors variety is
Your score: 3 Sentence variety sophisticated. exist) Sentence exist) Sentence effective and
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sophisticated. effective and effective and
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W. 1. e: Style & (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Tone creatively A formal style demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) A formal
Your score: 2 demonstrated) A and appropriate a couple errors multiple errors style and
formal style and tone is exist) A formal exist) A formal appropriate tone
appropriate tone established and style and style and is established
is established maintained. appropriate tone appropriate tone and maintained.
and maintained. is established is established
and maintained. and maintained.

W. 1. d: Word (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Choice creatively Word demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Word
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W. 4: Clarity (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 3 creatively Writing is clear, demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Writing
demonstrated) concise, and a couple errors multiple errors is clear, concise,
Writing is clear, strong.The essay exist) Writing is exist) Writing is and strong.
concise, and is a little shy of clear, concise, clear, concise, The essay
strong. The the minimum and strong. and strong. significantly
essay meets the length The essay fails The essay fails fails to meet the
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requirement. minimum length minimum length requirement.
requirement. requirement.

L. 2: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Capitalization & creatively Sentences demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Sentences
Usage demonstrated) demonstrate a couple errors multiple errors demonstrate
Your score: 4 Sentences correct exist) Sentences exist) Sentences correct
demonstrate capitalization. demonstrate demonstrate capitalization.
correct Correct and correct correct Correct and
capitalization. consistent verb capitalization. capitalization. consistent verb
Correct and tense is present; Correct and Correct and tense is present;
consistent verb words are used consistent verb consistent verb words are used
tense is present; correctly. tense is present; tense is present; correctly.
words are used words are used words are used
correctly. correctly. correctly.

L. 2: Spelling, (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

RO/Frag, & creatively There are no demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) There are
Punctuation demonstrated) spelling errors, a couple errors multiple errors no spelling
Your score: 3 There are no run-ons, and/or exist) There are exist) There are errors, run-ons,
spelling errors, fragments. no spelling no spelling and/or
run-ons, and/or errors, run-ons, errors, run-ons, fragments.
fragments. and/or and/or
fragments. fragments.

W. 8: Relevant (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Information creatively The information demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) The
 Your score: 3 demonstrated) from research a couple errors multiple errors information
The information used in each exist) The exist) The from research
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W. 8: (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Integrating creatively Information demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made)
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Your score: 2 Information integrated into exist) exist) from research is
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the essay maintain the integrated into integrated into selectively to
selectively to flow of ideas, the essay the essay maintain the
maintain the avoiding selectively to selectively to flow of ideas,
flow of ideas, plagiarism, and maintain the maintain the avoiding
avoiding overreliance on flow of ideas, flow of ideas, plagiarism, and
plagiarism, and the research. avoiding avoiding overreliance on
overreliance on plagiarism, and plagiarism, and the research.
the research. overreliance on overreliance on
the research. the research.

W. 8: Accuracy (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 4 creatively All supportive demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) All
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All supportive sources are exist) All exist) All and sources are
facts and reported supportive facts supportive facts reported
sources are accurately. and sources are and sources are accurately.
reported reported reported
accurately. accurately. accurately.

W. 8: Citations (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Your score: 2 creatively Each demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Each
demonstrated) quote/paraphras a couple errors multiple errors quote/paraphras
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quote/paraphras appropriately quote/paraphras quote/paraphras appropriately
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L. 3: MLA (Fully and (Demonstrated) (Attempted to (Attempted to (No attempt

Format creatively Paper is demonstrate, but demonstrate, but made) Paper is
Your score: 3 demonstrated) formatted a couple errors multiple errors formatted
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formatted MLA formatted formatted MLA
according to guidelines, according to according to guidelines,
MLA including: MLA MLA including:
guidelines, heading with guidelines, guidelines, heading with
including: name, teacher, including: including: name, teacher,
heading with class & period, heading with heading with class & period,
name, teacher, and date, name, teacher, name, teacher, and date,
class & period, centered title, class & period, class & period, centered title,
and date, and correctly and date, and date, and correctly
centered title, formatted centered title, centered title, formatted
and correctly paragraphs. and correctly and correctly paragraphs.
formatted formatted formatted
paragraphs. paragraphs. paragraphs.

Comments:
Total: 72/100

You do a decent job at explaining the problem at hand. However, the proposal is a little weak.
Part of it is because of the organization and awkward wording. Another part is that there's no
evidence to support that it would work. They need to know they're not wasting their time.
Evidence that sex education leads to fewer pregnancies, increase in birth control availability
impacts an area's population, etc. There were also places where you are misunderstanding MU's
role in everything. The essay overall is not polished and there are some points that need to be
more supported or possibly rearranged. This will need significant revisions.