Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Precast/Prestressed
Integral Bridges
IB-01
Copyright 2001
By Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute
ISBN 0-937040-66-5
Printed in U.S.A.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The subcommittee wishes to thank all those who participated in the development of this report. The sub-
committee also extends its gratitude to the many individuals in the respective organizations of the mem-
bers who contributed to this report for their active participation either in developing the material or in edit-
ing and typing.
Finally, the subcommittee expresses its appreciation to the support of the Precast/Prestressed Concrete
Institute Committee on Bridges to embark on a major effort which will be a benefit to the precast con-
crete industry.
The Subcommittee acknowledges the valuable contribution made by Ms. Lori Gale, P.E. at Parsons
Brinckerhoff, Inc. in reviewing and making suggestions to improve the report, Mr. Stephen Weintraut,
P.E. of Butler, Fairman & Seufert, Inc. and Mr. William Dowd, P.E. of HDR for their contribution in
providing the case studies.
Assistance with the preparation of a portion of the graphics was received from the Texas Department of
Transportation and the Florida Department of Transportation. Their contributions to this manual are
gratefully appreciated.
The final editing of the manuscript, final graphics preparation, layout, and prepress work were per-
formed by Roy L. Eriksson, P.E., Eriksson Technologies, Inc.
PRECAST/PRESTRESSED INTEGRAL BRIDGES
Table of Contents
Page
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
3. Superstructure Design
3.1 Superstructure Details at Integral Abutments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.2 Continuity at Piers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.3 Movements and Restraint Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
3.4 Approach Slabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
4. Abutment Design
4.1 Abutment Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
4.2 Accommodating Superstructure Movement at Abutments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
4.3 Passive Pressure Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
4.4 Details at Abutments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
4.5 Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
5. Pier Design
5.0 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
5.1 Accommodating Superstructure Movements at Piers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
5.2 Analysis and Design of Semi-Rigid Piers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
6. Analysis Considerations
6.0 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .27
6.1 Equivalent Cantilever Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .30
6.2 Forces in Substructure Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .32
6.3 Conclusions from Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .35
9. Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
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PRECAST/PRESTRESSED INTEGRAL BRIDGES
Table of Contents
Page
A.3 Menauhant Road Bridge, Massachusetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
A.4 Deer Creek Industrial Park Access Bridge, West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
A.5 Tennessee State Route 50 Over Happy Hollow Creek, Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
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PRECAST/PRESTRESSED INTEGRAL BRIDGES
List of Figures
Page
Figure 1.1 Elevation of a Typical Integral Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
List of Figures
Page
Figure A.5.1 Aerial View of S.R. 50 Over Happy Hollow Creek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Figure A.5.2 Plan and Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Figure A.5.3 Cross-Section and Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Figure A.5.4 Pier Plan and Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Figure A.5.5 Abutment Plan and Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Figure A.5.6 Abutment Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Figure A.5.7 Structural Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Figure A.5.8 Slab Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Figure A.5.9 Approach Slab Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
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PRECAST/PRESTRESSED INTEGRAL BRIDGES
List of Tables
Page
Table 6.1 Soil Spring Stiffnesses for Loose and Dense Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Table 6.2 Displacement and Moment Versus Soil Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Table 6.3 Effective Length of Pile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
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