5 Steel - SMRF - Design

Seismic Design of Structures Fall 2015 - Shiraz University of Technology
CE 4111
Seismic Design
of Structures
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Shiraz University of Technology
S.M. Dehghan
Fall 2015
Steel Seismic
Force Resisting
Systems
Dr. Dehghan 1
Steel SFRS
Steel Seismic Force Resisting Systems will be
covered in Five Parts:
1. Ductile Design / Structural Steel
2. General Requirements
3. Special Moment Resisting Frame (SMRF)
A. Behavior
B. Design
4. Special Concentrically Braced Frame (SCBF)
5. Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF)
Steel Seismic
Load Resisting
Systems
Moment Resisting
Frames - Design
Dr. Dehghan 2
Moment
Resisting Frames
Outline
Topics
Description and Behavior
of Moment Resisting
Frames
Beam-to-Column
Connections
Panel Zone Behavior
AISC Seismic Provisions

Special MRF
Intermediate MRF
Ordinary MRF
Dr. Dehghan 3
References
ASCE 7-10, Minimum Design Loads for
Buildings and Other Structures
AISC 360-10, Specification for Structural
Steel Buildings
AISC 341-10, Seismic Provisions for
Structural Steel Buildings
NIST GCR 09-917-3, Seismic Design of
Steel Special Moment Frames
AISC 358-10, Prequalified Connections for
SMRF for Seismic Application
Moment
Resisting Frames
Dr. Dehghan 4

AISC 341-10
Chapter E Moment-Frame Systems

E1. Ordinary Moment Frames (OMF)
o Have a low R-factor: R=3.5 for OMF
E2. Intermediate Moment Frames (IMF)
o Have a moderate R-factor: R=4.5 for IMF
E3. Special Moment Frames (SMF)
o Have the highest level of ductile detailing requirements
o Expected to be capable of sustaining very large levels of
inelastic deformation
o Can be designed with lower levels of lateral strength
o Have a high R-factor: R=8 for SMF
10

AISC 341-10
All Seismic Load Resisting Systems (SLRS) must satisfy

requirements in Chapters A to D of the Seismic Provision
Thus, moment frame systems must satisfy the
requirements of Chapters A, B, C, D, and J
Section E3 covers the requirements for Special Moment

Frames design
Note that many of the detailing requirements are related to
the beam-column joint region
We will now cover selected highlights of Section E3
Dr. Dehghan 5
11

Section E3
1. Scope
2. Basis of Design
3. Analysis no additional analysis requirements
4. System Requirements
4a. Moment Ratio
4b. Stability Bracing of Beams
4c. Stability Bracing at Beam-to-Column Connections
5. Members
5a. Basic Requirements
5b. Beam Flanges
5c. Protected Zones
12

Section E3
6. Connections
6a. Demand Critical Welds
6b. Beam-to-Column Connections
6c. Conformance Demonstration
6d. Required Shear Strength
6e. Panel Zone
6f. Continuity Plates
6g. Column Splices
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13

E3.1 Scope
Special moment frames (SMF) must satisfy all the

applicable requirements of Chapters A, B, C, D, I and J
of these Provisions, as well as the requirements in
Section E3
14

E3.2 Basis of Design
SMF are expected to provide

significant inelastic deformations through
flexural yielding of the SMF beams
limited yielding of column panel zones
flexural yielding of columns at the base is permitted
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15

E3.2 Basis of Design
It is expected that most of the inelastic deformation will take
place as rotation in beam hinges, with limited inelastic
deformation in the panel zone of the column
The beam-to-column connections for SMR are required to be
qualified based on tests that demonstrate that the connection can
sustain a story drift angle of at least 0.04 rad based on a
specified loading protocol
Other provisions are intended to limit or prevent excessive panel
zone distortion, column hinging, and local buckling that may lead to
inadequate frame performance
AISC 358-10 provides requirements for six prequalified
connections that are permitted to be employed in SMF systems
If connection types to be used in the structure do not meet the
configurations or limitations, they are required to be prequalified
per Section K1, or qualified per Section K2
16

E3.4 System Requirements
E3.4a Moment Ratio
E3.4b Stability Bracing of Beams
E3.4c Stability Bracing at Beam-to-Column Connections
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17

E3.4 System Requirements
E3.4a Moment Ratio
This equation requires that the sum of the plastic moment

capacities of columns at a joint must exceed the sum of the
plastic moment capacities of the beams framing into the joints
Columns must be stronger than beams
Purpose of strong column-weak girder (SC/WB) requirement:
Prevent Soft Story Collapse
18

E3.4a Moment Ratio
The strong-column weak-beam (SC/WB) concept
The real benefit of meeting SC/WB requirements
o the columns are generally strong enough to force flexural
yielding in beams in multiple levels of the frame and
o achieving a higher level of energy dissipation in the system
Weak column frame (with weak or soft stories), are likely
to show an undesirable response at those stories with the highest
column demand to-capacity ratios
Equation E3-1 gives no assurance that columns will not yield
Nonlinear response history analyses have shown
o points of inflection shift and the distribution of moments varies from the
idealized condition
o yielding of beams will predominate yielding of columns
o desired inelastic performance will be achieved in frames with members
sized to meet the requirement in Equation E3-1
Dr. Dehghan 9
19

E3.4a Moment Ratio
20

E3.4a Moment Ratio
Note
M*pc is based on
minimum specified
yield stress of column
M*pb is based on
expected yield stress
of beam and includes
allowance for strain
hardening
Dr. Dehghan 10
21

E3.4a Moment Ratio
Computing M*pb
Mpr = expected moment

at plastic hinge
= 1.1 Ry Mp
Vbeam = beam shear
(Section E3.6d - beam
required shear strength)
sh = distance from face
of column to beam
plastic hinge location
(AISC 358)
M*pb = Mpr + Vbeam (sh + dcol /2 )
22

E3.4a Moment Ratio
Computing M*pc
Mpc = nominal plastic
moment capacity of
column, reduced for effect
of axial force
Vcol = column shear from
statics, based on location
of column inflection points
(usually column midheight)
o M*pc is computed at the intersection of the
beam and column centerlines
o In Section E3.4a M*pc= Zc (Fyc - Puc / Ag),
which is the flexural capacity of the column
just outside of the joint (conservative) M*pc = Mpc + Vcol (dbeam /2 )
o It may advantageous to compute M*pc at the
beam centerline for a more economical design
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23

E3.4a Moment Ratio - Exceptions
24

Must provide adequate lateral bracing of beams in SMF so that

severe strength degradation due to lateral torsional buckling is
delayed until sufficient ductility is achieved
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25

Lateral Torsional Buckling
The compression flange of a beam will buckle, and must be
braced laterally
Under cyclic loading, both flanges will see compression
Note that the key slenderness parameter controlling lateral
torsional buckling is Lb/ry
o Lb = distance between
beam lateral braces
o ry = weak axis radius
of gyration
26

Shows a laboratory cyclic

loading test on a moment frame
specimen
The dark area of the beam
flange indicates where flexural
yielding occurred
The lateral displacement of the
beam flange is clearly visible
Dr. Dehghan 13
27

Shows an RBS test specimen, with lateral torsional displacements of the beam
Like local buckling, lateral torsional buckling (LTB) usually develops gradually
during the cyclic loading for braced beams with seismically compact sections
With each loading cycle, LTB will eventually lead to a decline in the flexural
capacity of the beam
28

Effect of Lateral Torsional Buckling on Flexural
Strength and Ductility
As the slenderness Lb/ry increases, both the flexural
capacity and ductility are reduced
o For SMF beams, the response
should be similar to the upper
curve
o The slenderness Lb/ry should
be sufficiently low so that the
beam can develop its full plastic
flexural capacity, and maintain Increasing Lb /
that capacity through large ry
inelastic deformations
Dr. Dehghan 14
29

D1.2 Stability Bracing of Beams
In addition to providing lateral braces at intervals of

0.086 ry E/Fy (next slide), lateral braces are also
required at plastic hinge locations
30

D1.2b Highly Ductile Members
Note that for typical SMF beams

ry = 40 to 80 mm fy = 250 Mpa E = 200 Gpa
Required spacing of lateral support is Lb = 2700 to 5400 mm
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31

D1.2b Highly Ductile Members
example of a girder braced

by a gravity beam
example of lateral braces
32

Types of Bracing
AISC 360 Appendix 6
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33

D1.2c Stability Bracing at Beam-to-Column Connection
Columns of SMF are required to be braced to prevent rotation

out of the plane of the moment frame because of the inelastic
behavior in or near the beam-to-column connection during high
seismic activity
34

D1.2c Stability Bracing at Beam-to-Column Connection
Dr. Dehghan 17
35

E3.5 Members
E3.5a Basic Requirements
E3.5b Beam Flanges
E3.5c Protected Zones
36

E3.5 Members
Reliable inelastic deformation capacity for highly ductile

members requires that width-to-thickness ratios of projecting
elements be limited to a range that provides a cross section
resistant to local buckling well into the inelastic ranges
Dr. Dehghan 18
37

Beam and column sections must satisfy the width-thickness

limitations given in Table D1.1
Beams in SMF must satisfy Highly Ductile Member requirement
Columns in SMF must satisfy Highly Ductile Member requirement
38

E3.5b Beam Flanges
Abrupt changes in beam flange area in locations of high strain (plastic

hinge regions of SMF), can lead to fracture by stress concentrations
For connections such as the reduced beam section (RBS), the gradual
flange area reduction, when properly configured and fabricated can
be beneficial to the beam and connection performance
Dr. Dehghan 19
39

E3.5c Protected Zones
40

E3.6 Connections
E3.6a Demand Critical Welds

E3.6b Beam-to-Column Connections
E3.6c Conformance Demonstration
E3.6d Required Shear Strength
E3.6e Panel Zone
E3.6f Continuity Plates
E3.6g Column Splices
Dr. Dehghan 20
41

E3.6a Demand Critical Welds
42

Note that 0.03 rad plastic rotation is equivalent to

0.04 rad drift angle for frames with an elastic drift
of 0.01 rad
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43

FEMA 350 recommends two criteria for the qualifying drift
angle (QDA) for special moment frames
The strength degradation drift angle, means the angle where
either failure of the connection occurs, or the strength of the
connection degrades to less than the nominal plastic capacity
The ultimate drift angle capacity is defined as the angle at which
connection damage is so severe
that continued ability to remain
stable under gravity loading is
uncertain
The strength degradation QDA
is set at 0.04 rad and the
ultimate QDA is set at 0.06 rad
44

Dr. Dehghan 22
45

This provision specifically permits the use of prequalified
connections meeting the requirements of ANSI/AISC 358 to
facilitate and standardize connection design
Connections approved by other prequalification panels may be
acceptable, but are subject to the approval
Use of connections qualified by prior tests or project specific
tests may also be used, although the engineer of record is
responsible for substantiating the connection performance
Published testing, such as that conducted as part of the SAC
project and reported in FEMA 350 and 355 or project-specific
testing, may be used to satisfy this provisions
46

Chapter K - Prequalification and Cyclic Qualification
Testing Provisions
Conformance Demonstration by Testing
Typical connection testing
procedures and testing are
are specified in Chapter K
Prequalified connections
must also have been tested
according to Chapter K before
becoming prequalified
Dr. Dehghan 23
47

K2 Cyclic Tests for Qualification of Beam-to-Column
and Link-to-Column Connections
Testing Requirements
Test specimens should replicate as closely as practical the
prototype (prototype = actual building)
Beams and columns in test specimens must be nearly full-
scale representation of prototype members (Section K2.3b)
o depth of test beam 0.90 depth of prototype beam
o wt. per ft. of test beam 0.75 wt. per ft. of prototype beam
o depth of test column 0.90 depth of prototype column
Sources of inelastic deformation (panel zone, connection
plates, beam) in the test specimen must similar to prototype
48

Lateral bracing in test specimen should replicate prototype
Connection details used in the test specimen shall represent
the prototype connection details as closely as possible
Welding processes, procedures, electrodes, used for test
specimen must be representative of prototype
See Section K2 for more specifics and other requirements
Dr. Dehghan 24
49

Typical Test Subassemblages
In most cases, connection test specimens are constructed to
represent exterior or interior subassemblies
The boundaries of the test specimen usually coincide with the
approximate location of points of inflection in the frame under
lateral load
50

Typical Exterior Test
Subassemblages The ends of the column segment and
beam segment are typically pinned
Hydraulic loading ram and a beam
lateral brace are visible
Dr. Dehghan 25
51

Typical Interior Test
Subassemblages
A typical interior subassembly specimen in
the lab with/without concrete composite slab
52

Testing Requirements - Loading History
Apply the following loading history
o 6 cycles at = 0.00375 rad
o continue at increments of 0.01 rad, with two cycles of loading at
each step
Most specimens remain elastic until a drift angle of 0.01 rad
Dr. Dehghan 26
53

- Loading History
Acceptance Criteria for SMF Beam-to-Column Connections

(Section K2.8)
o After completing at least one loading cycle at 0.04 radian, the
measured flexural resistance of the connection at the face of
the column, must be at least 0.80 Mp of the connected beam
54

Example of Successful Conformance Demonstration Test
per Section K2
The strength
deterioration seen
in subsequent
loading cycles was
due to local and
lateral buckling of
the beam
Dr. Dehghan 27
55

56

The required shear strength Vu, of the beam-to-column joint
Depends on connection type,

but typically assumed to be db/2
Lh
(1.2 + 0.2SDS) D + 0.5 L or (0.9-0.2SDS) D
1.1 Ry Mp 1.1 Ry Mp
Vu Vu
Vu = 2 [ 1.1 Ry Mp ] / Lh + Vgravity
Dr. Dehghan 28
57

E3.6e Panel Zone
1) Shear Strength
2) Panel Zone Thickness
3) Panel Zone Doubler Plates
58

E3.6e Panel Zone
E3.6e (1) Shear Strength
Dr. Dehghan 29
59

The required shear strength of the panel zone is the shear
force generated in the panel zone when plastic hinges have
formed in the attached beams
This indicates that the panel zone should not be so weak as to
prevent formation of plastic hinges in the beams
60

Mf = Moment at face of column
Mpr = expected moment at plastic hinge = 1.1 Ry Mp or as AISC 358
Vbeam = beam shear (see Section E3.6d - beam shear strength)
sh = distance from face of column to beam plastic hinge(AISC 358)
Mf = Mpr + Vbeam sh
Dr. Dehghan 30
61

Panel Zone Required Shear Strength, Ru
The column face moment is resolved into
concentrated forces acting at the beam flanges
Note that the shear in the portion of the column
outside of the panel zone Vc will act in a direction
opposite to the panel zone shear
The value of Vc can usually be estimated
from a free body diagram that cuts through
cuts through the beams at the plastic hinge
and the columns at assumed points of
inflection (usually at mid-story height)
Ru
M V
f
d t
b f
c
62

Panel Zone Design Requirement
Yielding of the panel zone is not considered to be a limit
state
Intent of AISC Seismic Provisions is to permit limited
yielding of the panel zone when flexural plastic hinges have
formed in the beams
Ru v Rv where v = 1.0
Rv = nominal shear strength, based on a limit state of shear
yielding, as computed per Section J10.6 of the AISC
Specification
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63

Nominal Shear Strength, Rv
Section J10.6 of the AISC Specification
The term outside of the brackets represents the shear yield

strength of the column web (0.6Fy)The term inside of the
brackets represents a contribution of the column flanges to the
shear strength of the panel zone
Not recommended
64

Section J10.6 of the AISC Specification
The term outside of the brackets represents the shear yield
strength of the column web (0.6Fy)
The term inside of the brackets represents a contribution of the
column flanges to the shear strength of the panel zone
Dr. Dehghan 32
65

Doubler Plate
To satisfy the panel zone shear strength requirements in the AISC
Seismic Provisions, it will sometimes be necessary to weld Doubler
Plates to the column
Doubler plates are provided within the joint region, and increase
the effective web area of the column
Note that tp in Equation J10-11 is the combined thickness of column
web and doubler plates
66

E3.6e Panel Zone
E3.6e (2) Panel Zone Thickness
Dr. Dehghan 33
67

E3.6e Panel Zone
E3.6e (2) Panel Zone Thickness
68

E3.6e Panel Zone
E3.6e (3) Panel Zone Doubler Plate
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69

E3.6e Panel Zone
70

E3.6e Panel Zone
Dr. Dehghan 35
71

E3.6e Panel Zone
72

E3.6f Continuity Plate
Photo of continuity plates
Note that continuity plates are column stiffeners
They are called continuity plates, because they continue
the beams flanges through the joint region
Continuity
Plates
Dr. Dehghan 36
73

Beam flange continuity plates serve several purposes in moment connections

o they help to distribute beam flange forces to the column web
o they stiffen the column web to prevent web local crippling and web local
yielding under the concentrated beam-flange forces

o they minimize stress concentrations that can occur in the joint between the
beam flange and the column due to nonuniform stiffness of the column flange
74

E3.6f (1) Continuity Plate Requirements
The AISC Seismic Provisions indicates that the use of

continuity plates should be consistent with
the prequalification requirements for the connection
(AISC 358)
the specimens used to qualify a connection by test
Dr. Dehghan 37
75

76

Beam flange is welded to the flange of a wide-flange or built-up
I-shaped column
tcf = column flange thickness
If the thickness of the column flange
satisfies both of these equations, then bbf = beam flange width
continuity plates are not required
tbf = beam flange thickness
Continuity
R yb Fyb
tcf 0.4 1.8bbf tbf Plates
R yc Fyc
bbf
and tcf
6
Dr. Dehghan 38
77

When beams are moment connected to
the side plates of boxed wide-flange column sections
the box section columns
continuity plates or cap plates
should always be provided
78

E3.6f (2) Continuity Plate Thickness
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79

E3.6f (2) Continuity Plate Thickness
tcp tcp
tbf tbf-1 tbf-2
tcp 1/2 tbf tcp larger of

(tbf-1 and tbf-2 )
80

E3.6f (3) Continuity Plate Welding
Dr. Dehghan 40
81

E3.6f (3) Continuity Plate Welding
82

Continuity Plate
An example of a continuity
plate welded to a column
CJP groove welds are used to
attach the plate to the inside
faces of the column flanges
Fillet welds were used to
attach the plate to the
column web
Note the large cut-outs at
the corners of the continuity
plate, to avoid welding in the
k-area of the column.
Dr. Dehghan 41
83

Continuity Plate
An example of continuity plates in
the beam-to-column connections
of free free-flange connections
A doubler plate has also been
welded to the column
The top and bottom ends of the
doubler plate end at the continuity
plates
This results is very large welds
where the doubler plate and
continuity plates meet
The small vertical plate at the top
of the joint panel is a shear tab to
connect a framing beam
84

Continuity Plate
Following slides
illustrate the
construction of a
box column with
continuity plates
The small triangular
plates are to hold
the box sides during
fabrication
The two large
continuity plates are
also visible
Dr. Dehghan 42
85

Continuity Plate
Three sides of the

box have been
assembled
The continuity plates
can be welded to the
three box sides, while
the box is still open
and accessible to
welders
The continuity plates
are attached to the
inside box faces with
CJP groove welds
86

Continuity Plate
The weld between
the continuity plate
and the final side of
the box must be
made after the box
is closed
This is normally
accomplished using
an Electroslag
welding process
Note the hole in the
side of the box at
the location of the
continuity plate
Dr. Dehghan 43
87

Continuity Plate
Once the box is closed, the final
internal continuity plate weld is
made by Electroslag welding
The electrode is passed through
the hole in the box
88

E3.6g Column Splices
Dr. Dehghan 44
Moment
Resisting Frames
AISC Prequalified
Connections
90
Prequalified Connections
AISC 358-10
1. General
2. Design Requirements
3. Welding Requirements
4. Bolting Requirements
5. Reduced Beam Section (RBS) Moment Connection
6. Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended End-Plate
Moment Connection
7. Bolted Flange Plate (BFP) Moment Connection
8. Welded Unreinforced Flange-Welded Unreinforced
Web (WUF-W)Moment Connection
Dr. Dehghan 45
91
AISC 358-10
9. Kaiser Bolted Bracket (KBB) Moment Connection

10. CONXTECH CONXL Moment Connection
A. Casting requirements
B. Forging Requirements
COMMENTARY
92
AISC 358-10
Supplement No. 2
2013
Dr. Dehghan 46
93
Chapter 2 Design Requirements
2.2 Connection Stiffness

All connections contained in this Standard shall be
considered fully restrained (Type FR) for the purpose of
seismic analysis
2.3 Members
2.3.1 Rolled Wide-Flange Members
Rolled wide-flange members shall conform to the cross section
profile limitations applicable to the specific connection in this
Standard
94
2.3 Members
2.3.2 Built-up Members
Built-up members having a doubly symmetric, I-shaped cross
section shall meet the following requirements
Flanges and webs shall have width, depth and thickness
profiles similar to rolled wide-flange sections meeting the
profile limitations for wide-flange sections applicable to the
specific connection in this Standard
Webs shall be continuously connected to flanges in
accordance with the requirements of Sections 2.3.2a or
2.3.2b, as applicable
Dr. Dehghan 47
95
2.3 Members
2.3.2.a. Built-up Beams
The web and flanges shall be connected using complete-joint-
penetration (CJP) groove welds with a pair of reinforcing fillet
welds within a zone extending from the beam end to a
distance not less than one beam depth beyond the plastic
hinge location, Sh, unless specifically indicated in this
Standard
The minimum size of these fillet welds shall be the lesser of
8 mm and the thickness of the beam web
96
2.3 Members
2.3.2.b Built-up Columns
Transfer of all internal forces and
stresses between elements of the
built-up column shall be through welds
1. I-Shaped Columns
Within a zone extending
from 300 mm above the upper beam flange to 300 mm
below the lower beam flange, the column webs and
flanges shall be connected using CJP groove welds with a
pair of reinforcing fillet welds
The minimum size of the fillet welds shall be the lesser
of 8 mm and the thickness of the column web
Dr. Dehghan 48
97
2.3 Members
2.3.2.b Built-up Columns
3. Built-up Box Columns
The width-to-thickness ratio, b/t, of plates used as flanges
shall not exceed, where b shall be taken as not less
than the clear distance between web plates
The width-to-thickness ratio, h/tw, of plates used only as webs
shall conform to requirements of the AISC Seismic Provisions
Within a zone extending from 300 mm above the upper beam
flange to 300 mm below the lower beam flange, flange and web
plates of box columns shall be joined by CJP groove welds
Outside this zone, box column web and flange plates shall be
continuously connected by fillet welds or groove welds
98
2.4 Connection Design Parameters
2.4.1 Resistance Factors
For available strengths calculated in accordance with this
Standard
2.4.2 Plastic Hinge Location

This Standard specifies the presumed location of the plastic
hinge for each prequalified connection type
Dr. Dehghan 49
99
2.4 Connection Design Parameters
2.4.3 Probable Maximum Moment at Plastic Hinge
The probable maximum moment at the plastic hinge shall be
100
Chapter 3 Welding Requirements
Points to AISC Seismic Provisions for filler metals and

welding procedures
Requirements for weld tabs and backing bars at beam-
to-column and continuity plate-to-column joints
Requirements for continuity plate welds
Information for prohibited welds
tack welds to connect backing bar to beam flange
including how to repair if welded in error
Dr. Dehghan 50
101
Chapter 3 Bolting Requirements
Points to standards for fastener and installation

requirements
Refers to AISC Seismic Provisions for quality control
and quality assurance
102
Example of laboratory
test of an RBS connection
Various stages during a
cyclic load test
Whitewashed connection
prior to testing
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103
Example of laboratory test of an RBS connection
Connection at 0.02 radian
View of connection after cyclic loading to around 0.02 radian
This about one-half of the way to the acceptance criteria of 0.04 radian
Note that yielding is concentrated in the reduced section
BY this point, the beam has achieved its full plastic strength
There is no local or lateral buckling visible at this point
104
Example of laboratory test of an RBS connection
Connection at 0.03 radian
A small amount of web local

buckling has initiated in the
region of the RBS
Dr. Dehghan 52
105
Example of laboratory
test of an RBS connection
Connection at
0.04 radian
Local flange buckling is clearly visible at
this point
There is also a significant degree of web
local buckling, and a limited degree of
lateral torsional buckling at this point
This beam is still resisting a moment of
at least 0.8 Mp at the face of the column
Satisfies the SMF connection
performance requirement
106
Chapter 2 RBS Moment Connection
RBS Concept
Trim Beam Flanges Near
Connection
Reduce Moment at Connection
Force Plastic Hinge Away
from Connection
Dr. Dehghan 53
107
5.3 Prequalification Limits
Beam Limitations
Beams shall be rolled wide-flange or
built-up I-shaped members
Beam depth is limited to w36 (W920)
Beam weight is limited to 447 kg/m
Beam flange thickness less than 44 mm
The clear span-to-depth ratio of the
beam shall be limited
For SMF systems, 7 or greater
IMF systems, 5 or greater.
Lateral bracing requirements and
protected zone dimensions specified
108
5.3 Prequalification Limits
Column Limitations
Columns shall be any of the rolled shapes
or built-up sections
The beam shall be connected to the flange
of the column
Rolled shape column depth shall be limited
to W36 (W920)
Built-up box column shall not have a
width/depth exceeding 610 mm
Dr. Dehghan 54
109
5.5 Beam Flange-to-Column Flange Weld Limitations
Beam flange to column flange connections shall satisfy the
following limitations
Beam flanges shall be connected to column flanges using
complete-joint-penetration (CJP) groove welds
Beam flange welds shall conform to the requirements for
demand critical welds in the AISC Seismic Provisions
Weld access hole geometry shall conform to the requirements of
the AISC Specification
110
5.6 Beam Web-to-Column Flange Weld Limitations
Beam web to column flange connections shall satisfy the
following limitations for SMF systems
The beam web shall be connected to the column flange using a
CJP groove weld extending between weld access holes
The single plate shear connection shall extend between the weld
access holes as shown
The single plate shear connection shall be permitted to be used
as backing for the CJP groove weld
The thickness of the plate shall be at least 10 mm
Weld tabs are not required at the ends of the CJP groove weld
at the beam web
Bolt holes in the beam web for purpose of erection are permitted
Dr. Dehghan 55
111
RBS with welded

web connection
112
5.7 Fabrication of Flange Cut
The reduced beam section shall be made using thermal cutting to
produce a smooth curve
The maximum surface roughness of the thermally cut surface shall
be 13 microns
All transitions between the reduced beam section and the
unmodified beam flange shall be rounded in the direction of the
flange length to minimize notch effects due to abrupt transitions
Thermal cutting tolerances, repair of gouges and notches are
specified
Dr. Dehghan 56
113
Lateral brace at center of RBS

- violates Protected Zone
Examples of RBS
Connection
114
Chapter 2 RBS Moment
Connection
5.8 Design Procedure
STEP-BY-STEP
Dr. Dehghan 57
115
116
Dr. Dehghan 58
117
5.8 Design
Procedure
118
Dr. Dehghan 59
119
120
Dr. Dehghan 60
121
122
Dr. Dehghan 61
123
Dr. Dehghan 62

5 Steel - SMRF - Design

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5 Steel - SMRF - Design

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Seismic Design of Structures Fall 2015 - Shiraz University of Technology

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Chapter E Moment-Frame Systems

AISC Seismic Provisions

All Seismic Load Resisting Systems (SLRS) must satisfy

Section E3 covers the requirements for Special Moment

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Special moment frames (SMF) must satisfy all the

AISC Seismic Provisions

SMF are expected to provide

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

E3.4a Moment Ratio

E3.4b Stability Bracing of Beams

E3.4c Stability Bracing at Beam-to-Column Connections

AISC Seismic Provisions

This equation requires that the sum of the plastic moment

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Mpr = expected moment

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Must provide adequate lateral bracing of beams in SMF so that

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Shows a laboratory cyclic

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

In addition to providing lateral braces at intervals of

AISC Seismic Provisions

Note that for typical SMF beams

AISC Seismic Provisions

example of a girder braced

example of lateral braces

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Columns of SMF are required to be braced to prevent rotation

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

E3.5a Basic Requirements

E3.5b Beam Flanges

E3.5c Protected Zones

AISC Seismic Provisions

Reliable inelastic deformation capacity for highly ductile

AISC Seismic Provisions

Beam and column sections must satisfy the width-thickness

Beams in SMF must satisfy Highly Ductile Member requirement

Columns in SMF must satisfy Highly Ductile Member requirement

AISC Seismic Provisions

Abrupt changes in beam flange area in locations of high strain (plastic

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

E3.6a Demand Critical Welds

AISC Seismic Provisions

AISC Seismic Provisions

Note that 0.03 rad plastic rotation is equivalent to

AISC Seismic Provisions