Hardware Configuration

Hardware Configuration
SIMATIC S7 Date: 22.08.2007

SITRAIN Training for
Automation and Drives
Siemens AG 2000. All rights reserved. File: PRO1_04E.1
Contents Page
Hardware Configuration and Parameter Assignment ........................................................................ 2

Inserting a Station ............................................................................................................................ 3
Starting HW Config ............................................................................................................................ 4
Generating a Hardware Setpoint Configuration ................................................................................. 5
Addressing of S7-300 Modules …................................................................................................... 6
DI/DO Addressing in Multi-Tier Configurations ................................................................................. 7
Module Address Overview ............................................................................................................. 8
Variable Addressing ......................................................................................................................... 9
HW Config: Editing Symbols, Monitor / Modify Variables …..…...................................................... 10
CPU Properties: Cycle / Clock Memory .......................................................................................... 11
Saving the HW Setpoint Configuration and Downloading it in Module .............................................. 12
Uploading the HW Actual Configuration to the PG ........................................................................... 13
Exercise: Upload Actual Configuration to the PG and Rename It ..................................................... 14
Exercise: Adapting the ACTUAL Configuration ................................................................................. 15
Exercise: Copy "My_Program" to HW Station …........................................................................... 16
Exercise: Assign Parameters to CPU Clock Memory and Test ......................................................... 17
CPU Properties ............................................................................................................................ 18
CPU Properties: General …….......................................................................................................... 19
CPU Properties: Startup ................................................................................................................ 20
CPU Properties: Retentive Memory .................................................................................................. 21
CPU Properties: Protection .............................................................................................................. 22
CPU Properties: Diagnostics / Clock .................................................................................................. 23
CPU Properties: Communication ................................................................................................. 24
SITRAIN Training for ST-7PRO1

Automation and Drives Page 1 HW Configuration
Hardware Configuration and Parameter Assignment
Configuration Assignment of racks, blocks and distributed

I/O in the Station window of HW Config.
You can select the components from a
hardware catalog.
Parameter-assignment Establishing the characteristics of parameter-

assignable blocks, e.g: startup characteristics,
retentive areas, etc.)
Setpoint configuration Planned hardware configuration and

parameter assignment.
Actual configuration Actual configuration and parameter assignment

of an existing hardware.

HW Configuration The modules are supplied from the factory with preset parameters. If these
default settings are OK, a hardware configuration is not necessary.
A configuration is necessary:
• if you want to modify preset parameters or addresses of a module (e.g.
enable the hardware interrupt of a module)
• if you want to configure communication connections
• with stations with distributed peripherals (PROFIBUS-DP)
• with S7-400 stations with several CPUs (multicomputing) or expansion racks
• with fault-tolerant programmable logic controllers (option package).
Setpoint When you configure a system, a so-called setpoint configuration is created. It

Configuration contains a hardware station with the planned modules and the associated
parameters. The PLC system is assembled according to the setpoint
configuration and during commissioning, the setpoint configuration is
downloaded into the CPU.
Actual Configuration In an assembled system, the actual existing configuration and parameter
assignment of the modules can be read out of the CPU. A new HW station is
thereby set up in the project.
This is necessary, for example, if the project structure does not exist locally at
the PG. After the actual configuration is read out, the set parameters can be
checked and then stored in a project.
Notes With the S7-400, the CPU can be assigned parameters in such a way, that when
there are differences between the setpoint configuration and the actual
configuration, the startup of the CPU is interrupted.
To call the HW Config tool, a hardware station must exist in the SIMATIC
Manager.

Inserting a Station

Insert Station
You insert a new station in the current project by selecting the menu options
Insert -> Station -> SIMATIC 300 Station or SIMATIC 400 Station.
The name automatically given to this station "SIMATIC 300 (1)" can then be
changed by you.

Starting HW Config

HW Config This tool helps you to configure, assign parameters to and diagnose the
hardware.
Starting HW Config To start the HW Config tool:

• select a hardware station in the SIMATIC Manager and choose the menu
options Edit --> Open Object or
• double-click on the Hardware object.
"Hardware This is a window of the "HW Config“ application which you use for inserting
Configuration" components from the "Hardware Catalog" window.
The title bar of this window contains the name of the project and the station
name.
"Hardware Catalog" To open the catalog:

• select the menu options View -> Catalog or
• click on the icon in the toolbar.
If “Standard” is selected as the catalog profile, all racks, modules and interface
modules are offered for selection in the "Hardware Catalog" window.
You can create your own catalog profiles containing frequently used elements
by selecting the menu options Options -> Edit Catalog Profiles.
Profibus Slaves, that do not exist in the catalog, can be added after the fact. To
do so, you use so-called GSE files that are supplied by the manufacturer of the
slave device. The GSE file contains a description of the device. To include the
slave in the hardware catalog, use the menu options Options -> Install New
GSE Files and then Options -> Update Catalog. You will find the new devices in
the catalog under Profibus additional field devices.

Generating a Hardware Setpoint Configuration

Generating a This means specifying how the modules are to be arranged in the rack. This
Setpoint configuration specified by you is referred to as the setpoint configuration.
Configuration
Rack For example, you open a SIMATIC 300 station in the Hardware Catalog.
Catalog "RACK-300" contains the icon for a DIN rail. You can insert this in the
"Hardware Configuration" window by double-clicking on it (or using drag&drop).
Two rack component lists then appear in the two-part window: a plain list in the
top part and a detailed view with order numbers, MPI addresses and I/O
addresses in the bottom part.
Power Supply If a load current power supply is required, you insert, with a double click or per
drag&drop, the appropriate "PS-300" module from the catalog in slot no.1 in the
list.
CPU You select the CPU from the "CPU-300" catalog, for example, and insert it in
slot no. 2.
Slot No. 3 Slot no. 3 is reserved as the logical address for an interface module (for multi-
tier configurations).
If this position is also to be reserved in the actual configuration for the later
installation of an IM, you must insert a dummy module DM370 (DUMMY).
Signal Modules From slot no. 4 onwards, you can insert a choice of up to 8 signal modules
(SM), communications processors (CP) or function modules (FM).
You insert modules in the list by selecting the slot and then double-clicking on
the module you want in the catalog.
You can insert modules anywhere in the list by using drag&drop.

Addressing of S7-300 Modules
Slot No. 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Modules PS CPU SM SM SM SM SM SM SM
Address 0.0
Address 0.7
Address 1.0
Address 1.7

Slot Numbers The slot numbers in the rack of an S7-300 simplify addressing within the
S7-300 environment. The first address on a module is determined by the
position of the module in the rack.
Slot 1 Power supply. This is the first slot by default.

A power supply module is not absolutely essential. An S7-300 can also be
supplied with 24V direct.
Slot 2 Slot for the CPU.
Slot 3 Logically reserved for an interface module (IM) for multi-tier configurations using
expansion racks. Even if no IM is installed, it must be included for addressing
purposes.
You can physically reserve the slot (e.g. for installation of an IM at a later date)
by inserting a DM370 dummy module.
Slots 4-11 Slot 4 is the first slot that can be used for I/O modules, communications
processors (CP) or function modules (FM).
Addressing examples:
• A DI module in slot 4 begins with the byte address 0 .
• The top LED of a DO module in slot 6 is called Q8.0 .
Note 4 byte addresses are reserved for each slot. When using 16-channel DI/DO
modules, two byte addresses are lost in every slot!

DI/DO Addressing in Multi-Tier Configurations
PS IM 96.0 100.0 104.0 108.0 112.0 116.0 120.0 124.0
Rack
3 (Receive) to to to to to to to to
99.7 103.7 107.7 111.7 115.7 119.7 123.7 127.7
PS IM 64.0 68.0 72.0 76.0 80.0 84.0 88.0 92.0

Rack (Receive) to to to to to to to to
2 67.7 70.7 75.7 79.7 83.7 87.7 91.7 95.7
PS
IM 32.0 36.0 40.0 44.0 48.0 52.0 56.0 60.0
Rack to to to to to to to to
1 (Receive)
35.7 39.7 43.7 47.7 51.7 55.7 59.7 63.7
PS 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 24.0 28.0

CPU IM
Rack (Send) to to to to to to to to
0 3.7 7.7 11.7 15.7 19.7 23.7 27.7 31.7
Slot 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Multi-Tier The slots also have fixed addresses in a multi-tier configuration.

Configurations
Examples:
• Q7.7 is the last bit of a 32-channel DO module plugged into slot 5 of rack 0.
• IB105 is the second byte of a DI module in slot 6 of rack 3.
• QW60 is the first 2 bytes of a DO module in slot 11 of rack 1.
• ID80 is all 4 bytes of a 32-channel DI module in slot 8 in rack 2.

Module Address Overview
“Address Overview”

R Rack number
S Slot number of the relevant module
DP only relevant when using Distributed Peripherals (I/O)
IF Interface module ID when programming the M7 system (in C++).
Free Address When the CPU 315-2DP is used, you can assign addresses to the modules
Assignment independently of the slots in which they are installed:
1. Open HW Config
2. Double-click on the module whose address you want to change. The
"Properties" window opens.
3. Set the starting address you want on the "Addresses" tab page.
The end address is automatically updated by the system.
.

Variable Addressing
2x

Slot dependent The modules are assigned fixed slot-dependent addresses with the S7-300
Addressing (CPUs without DP interface) and S7-400 (without hardware configuration).
Variable With the S7-300 (CPUs with integrated DP interface) and with the S7-400, you
Addressing can assign parameters to the starting addresses of the modules.
What to Do When you double-click on a digital or an analog module, the parameter

assignment screen is opened. After you choose the "Addresses" tab, you can
deselect "System default". You can now define the starting address in the "Start"
box. If the address is already used, an error message is triggered.
Part process images can only be defined in the S7-400. That way, specific
inputs and outputs (e.g. time-critical signals) can be combined into one group. A
system function triggers the updating of a part process image in the user
program.
Note After a CPU memory reset, the parameters, and therefore also the addresses
are lost. This means that with the S7-300 the slot-dependent addresses and with
the S7-400 the default addresses are valid once more.

HW Config: Edit Symbols, Monitor/Modify Variables
1x right

Edit Symbols You can directly access the symbol table from the "HW Config" tool so that it
can already be created during hardware configuration or so that is can be
supplimented or changed at a later date.
You open the symbol table with a right mouse click on the module and by
selecting Edit Symbols in the follow up box. A section of the symbol table with
the relevant addresses is then opened.
Monitor/Modify You can monitor or modify the addresses of the configured modules directly
Variables from the HW Config tool. With the function Monitor Variables, you can check the
wiring of the input modules and with the function Monitor Variables, you can
control the wiring of the output modules.
Note "Symbolic Addressing" and the editing of symbol tables is dealt with in depth in
the chapter "Symbols", the test function Monitor / Modify Variables is dealt with
in the chapter "Troubleshooting and Diagnostics"

CPU Propertires: Cycle / Clock Memory
Clock Memory Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Frequency (Hz) 0.5 0.62 1 1.25 2 2.5 5 10
Period (s) 2 1.6 1 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1

Cycle • "Scan cycle monitoring time (ms):"

- If this time is exceeded the CPU goes into the STOP mode.
Possible causes why this time is exceeded: Communications processes,
frequently from interrupt events, errors in the CPU program.
- If you have programmed an error OB 80, the scan cycle time is doubled.
After that, the CPU also goes into the STOP mode.
• "Cycle load from communication (%):"
- Communication (e.g. data transmission to another CPU via MPI or test
functions, that was triggered by PG) is restricted to the specified
percentage of the current scan cycle time.
- Restricting the cycle load can slow down communication between CPU
and PG.
- Example: Restricting communication to 20% results in a maximum
communication load of 20ms for a scan cycle time of 100ms.
Size of the With the CPU 318-2 and several S7-400 CPUs, you can specify the size of the
Process Image process image (in bytes). The process image area always begins with input or
output byte 0.
Clock Memory Clock memories are bit memories that change their binary value periodically
(mark-to-space ratio 1:1).
Each bit in the clock memory byte is assigned a particular period/frequency.
Example of a flashing light with a flashing frequency of 0.5Hz:
(Period = 2s, light ON = 1s, light OFF = 1s).

Saving the HW Setpoint Configuration and Downloading it in
Module
Download
(only when CPU
is in STOP mode)

Save You select the menu options Station->Save to save the current configuration in
the current project (without generating system data blocks).
Save and Compile When you select the menu options Station->Save and Compile or click the
icon in the toolbar, the configuration and parameter assignment data is
also saved in system data blocks.
Consistency Check You select the menu options Station -> Consistency Check to check whether it
is possible to generate configuration data from the entries made.
Download in Module You select the menu options PLC -> Download or click the icon in the
toolbar to download the selected configuration to the PLC.
The PLC must be in "STOP" mode!
System Data Blocks The SDBs are generated and modified when you configure the hardware.
System data blocks (SDBs) contain configuration data and module parameters.
They are stored in the work memory of the CPU on downloading.
This makes it easier to replace modules, because the parameter assignment
data is downloaded to the new module from the system data blocks on startup.
In the programming device, the system data blocks are saved under: Project \
Station \ CPU \ S7_program \ Blocks \ System_data.
You double-click the My Briefcase icon
to open the list of system data blocks.
If you use a memory card as Flash EPROM, you should save the SDBs there as
well. That way, the configuration is not lost if you operate without battery backup
and there is a power failure.

Uploading the HW Actual Configuration to the PG

Introduction A configuration is only necessary in the following cases:

• if you want to modify the basic settings of the modules
• for stations with distributed I/O
• for S7-400 with several CPUs or with expansion racks.
It is possible to read out the actual configuration from the CPU, to look at the set
parameters in an existing system.
Actual Configuration During startup, the CPU generates an actual configuration, that is, it saves the
arrangement of the modules and allocates the addresses in accordance with a
fixed algorithm. If no parameters have been assigned, the default parameters
defined at the factory are used.
The system stores this actual configuration in system data blocks.
Uploading to PG There are two ways of uploading the actual configuration to the PG:
1. In the SIMATIC Manager:
by selecting the menu options PLC -> Upload Station.
2. In the HW Config tool:
by selecting the menu options PLC -> Upload or by clicking the icon.
Storage on PG The actual configuration read from the hardware is inserted as a new station in
the selected project on the PG.
Note When you read out the actual configuration, the order numbers of the modules
cannot be completely identified. For this reason, you should check the
configuration and if required, insert the exact module type of the existing
modules. To do so, choose the module, and then select the menu options
Options -> Specify Module.

Exercise: Upload Actual Configuration to the PG and Rename It
Result

Task: Since the project "My_Project" does not as yet have a HW Station, you are to
read out the actual configuration of the PLC from your training area. The newly
created hardware station in the project is to be renamed as "My_Station".
What To Do • Start the SIMATIC Manager and open your project "My_Project"
• Load the actual configuration from your training area into your project
SIMATIC Manager -> PLC -> Upload Station
Complete the follow-up dialog box as shown in the slide above
• Rename the newly created hardware station "SIMATIC 300(1)" as
"My_Station"
click twice on "SIMATIC 300(1)" (not a double-click !) and rename
Result In your project "My_Project" there now exists the hardware station "My_Station"
and the hardware-independent program "My_Program" (see picture at the
bottom).

Exercise: Adapting the ACTUAL Configuration

Task: The ACTUAL configuration read out with "Upload Station" is incomplete
because several module order numbers are missing. These are necessary,
however, in order to clearly identify and assign parameters to the modules.
Enter the order numbers of the modules of your training area (located on the
cover at the very bottom) by replacing the modules without order numbers.
What To Do • Start the HW Config tool

SIMATIC Manager (Offline view) -> select HW Station "My_Station" ->
double-click on the object "Hardware"
• Replace the modules without order numbers
double-click on Module(s) -> in the dialog box "Specify Module" choose the
modules to be replaced according to the training area -> simply confirm the
follow-up "Properties" dialog box with OK, since the preset standard
parameters do not have to be changed.
• Only if your training unit is an S7-400:
Specify the module addresses so that they correspond to those of an S7-300
training unit with 32 channel modules (see slide)
double-click on Module -> specify the address in the Properties dialog box
• Save and compile the adapted ACTUAL configuration
Station -> Save and Compile
• Load the adapted ACTUAL configuration in the CPU
PLC -> Download
• Exit the HW Config tool
Result The hardware station "My_Station" that exists in your project "My_Project"
corresponds exactly to your training unit.

Exercise: Copy "My_Program" to HW-Station
1.
2.
3.

Task The S7 Program(x) of the CPU created through Upload Station is to be replaced
by the originally created hardware-independent S7 Program "My_Program".
Note By copying "My_Program" onto the S7 Program(6) of the CPU, you completely
replace the original S7 Program(6) of the CPU. So that the system data
containing the configuration and parameter assignment data of the Station are
not lost, you must first of all copy them from the S7 Program(6) of the CPU into
"My_Program".
What To Do (see the steps in the slide above)

1. Copy the system data of the hardware station "My_Station" into the
hardware-independent S7 Program "My_Program" using drag&drop
2. Copy the hardware-independent S7 Program "My_Program" to the CPU of
the hardware station "My_Station" using drag&drop.
3. Delete the hardware-independent program "My_Program".
Check whether the structure of your project corresponds to that of picture 3.
Results Your project structure corresponds to that of your training area. It contains the
hardware station "My_Station" with a CPU whose S7 Program is called
"My_Program" .

Exercise: Assign Parameters to CPU Clock Memory and Test

Task Assign parameters to the CPU so that the clock memory byte, which is provided
by the CPU, is stored in the memory byte MB 10.
Then check the success of your parameter assignment with the function
Monitor/Modify Variable.
What To Do: • Start the HW Config tool

SIMATIC Manager (Offline view) -> select HW Station "My_Station" ->
double-click on the object "Hardware"
• Assign parameters to the memory byte MB10 as CPU clock memory byte
double-click on CPU -> Cycle / Clock Memory
• Save and compile the modified configuration
Station -> Save and Compile
• Load the modified configuration into the CPU
PLC -> Download
• Exit the HW Config tool
• Monitor the MB10 memory byte in the "binary" display format in order to be
able to see the individual flashing frequencies
in the SIMATIC Manager select "My_Program -> PLC -> Monitor/Modify
Variable -> enter MB 10 as the address in the variable table -> using the
right mouse button specify binary as the display format -> activate the
function using

CPU Properties
2x

Assigning You assign parameters to the modules to adapt them to the requirements of the
Parameters process.
What to do:
1. Select a module in the station window.
2. Double-click the selected module to open the "Properties" dialog window.
3. This dialog window contains 9 tabs in which you can assign parameters
for the various CPU characteristics (see next pages).

CPU Properties: General

"General" Tab The "General" tab page provides information about the type of module, its
location and, in the case of programmable modules, the MPI address.
MPI Address If you want to network several PLCs via the MPI interface, you must assign a
different MPI address to each CPU.
Click the "Properties" button to open the "Properties - MPI Node" dialog
window, which contains the two tabs: "General" and "Parameters".

CPU Properties: Startup

Startup The S7-300 and S7-400 CPUs have different startup characteristics.
Characteristics For the moment, we shall only look at the startup characteristics of the S7-300.
The special features of the S7-400 will be discussed in a later chapter.
Complete Restart The S7-300 only recognizes the "Complete restart" type of startup. Newer S7-
CPUs also have the "Cold restart" startup version .
Monitoring Times • "Ready message from modules (x100ms):"

Maximum time for all modules to issue a Ready message after power ON.
If the modules do not send a Ready message to the CPU within this time, the
actual configuration is not equal to the setpoint configuration.
For example, in a multi-tier configuration, all power supplies can be switched
on within this time without paying attention to a particular sequence.
• "Transfer of parameters to modules (x100ms):"

Maximum time for "distributing" the parameters to the parameter-assignable
modules (timing begins after "Ready message from modules").
If, after the monitoring time has run out, all modules have not been assigned
parameters, then the actual configuration is not equal to the setpoint
configuration.
Startup if Setpoint Only with CPUs with integrated DP interface (and S7-400) can you use the
Configuration Not "Startup if Preset Configuration Not Equal to Actual Configuration" checkbox to
Equal to Actual decide whether the CPU should startup if the setpoint configuration is not the
Configuration same as the actual configuration (number and type of modules installed).
The other S7300 CPUs go into RUN when the setpoint configuration is not the
same as the actual configuration.

CPU Properties: Retentive Memory
Only relevant if CPU

has no backup
battery

Retentive Memory The "Retentive Memory" tab page is used for specifying the memory areas to be
retained after a power failure or on transition from STOP to RUN.
A "complete restart" is performed in both cases on the S7-300.
Complete Restart On complete restart, the blocks stored in the battery-backed RAM (OB, FC,
with FB, DB) as well as the bit memories, timers and counters defined as retentive
Backup Battery are retained. Only the non-retentive bit memories, timers and counters are reset.
Complete Restart If the RAM is not battery-backed, the information in it is lost. Only the bit
without memories, timers and counters defined as retentive and the retentive data block
Backup Battery areas are saved in the non-volatile RAM area.
After a complete restart, the program must be downloaded again:
• from the memory card (if inserted) or
• from the PG (if no memory card exists).

CPU Properties: Protection

Preset Option Preset characteristics (protection level 1; no password assigned):

The position of the keyswitch on the CPU determines the protection:
• Keyswitch in RUN-P position or STOP: no restrictions
• Keyswitch in RUN position: read-only access possible!
Password If a protection level was assigned with a password (only valid until a memory
reset), a "person who knows the password" has reading and writing access.
"The person who doesn‘t know the password" has the following restrictions:
• protection level 1: corresponds to the preset characteristics
• protection level 2: read-only access possible, irregardless of the keyswitch
setting
• protection level 3: neither reading nor writing access possible, irregardless
of the keyswitch setting.
Characteristics of a Password-protected Module in Operation

Example: if you want to execute the function "Modify Variable", you must enter
the password for a module that has been assigned the protection level 2
parameter.
Access Rights You can also enter the password for a protected module in the SIMATIC
Manager:
1. Select the protected module or its S7 program
2. Enter the password by selecting the menu options PLC -> Access Rights.
The access rights, after a password has been entered, is only valid until the last
S7 application is completed.
Operation The cycle load for test functions is regulated with this.
In Process operation, test functions such as "Monitor" or "Monitor/Modify
Variable" are restricted in such a way that the permitted scan cycle time
increase that is set cannot be exceeded. Testing with breakpoints and single-
step (program execution) cannot be performed.
In Test operation, all test functions through the PG/PC can be used without
restrictions, even if they cause the scan cycle time to be greatly increased.
CPU Properties: Diagnostics / Clock

System Diagnostics If the "Record cause of CPU STOP" checkbox is deactivated (not checked), no
message is sent to the PG / OP when the CPU goes into Stop mode ("CPU
Messages").
The cause of the stop is still entered in the diagnostic buffer.
Clock The possibilities of synchronizing the clocks in a device network are discussed
in the chapter "Troubleshooting".
It is, however, also possible to automatically adjust the time on the clock of a
stand-alone device by a specified correction factor.
Correction Factor The correction factor is used for correcting an inaccuracy of the clock over 24
hours.
The correction factor can be either positive or negative.
Example: If the clock is 3 seconds fast after 24 hours, this can be corrected with
the factor "-3000ms".
Note The "Interrupts", "Time-Of-Day Interrupts" and "Cyclic Interrupt" are discussed in
the chapter "Organization Blocks".

CPU Properties: Communication

Communication Every communication connection occupies a connection resource on the S7-

CPU. Depending on the technical specifications, a specific number of
connection resources are available to every S7-CPU which are occupied by
various communication services (PG/OP communication, S7 communication or
S7 standard communication).
When communication services log on, the connection resources are occupied in
the sequence of the log on.
So that the occupation of the connection resources is not only dependent on the
sequence of the log on of various communication services, you can also reserve
communication resources for the following services:
· • PG Communication and OP Communication
· • S7 Standard Communication
At least one connection resource each for the PG/OP communication is
reserved. Smaller values are not possible.
Other communication services such as S7 Communication with PUT/GET
functions cannot occupy this connection resource even if they make their
connection first. Instead, the connection resources still available are occupied
that were not specifically reserved for a service.


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Hardware Configuration

SIMATIC S7 Date: 22.08.2007