Logic of Phantasy 62

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康

Lacan Seminar 14:

The Logic of Fantasy 14
幻见的逻辑
Seminar 14: Wednesday 8 March 1967

(13) That is why it is worthwhile (before I go any further, something which will only happen after the

Easter vacation, because the next one off our sessions, which will be the last one before it, I will reserve

for someone who asked to intervene about what I put forward at least since the beginning of the month

of January, about this topology, the one which comprises the four terms of alienation as well as those of

repetition), it is worthwhile, in these conditions, to delay on what is involved in this field, in so far as, in

analysis, it is here that there is found to be reserved the place of the sexual act.

（第十三）那就是为什麽这是值得的（在我继续探讨之前，复活节假日后，发生一件事，因为我们下一堂

课，将是前面一堂课的延续。我保留这件事，用来回答要求介入关于我提出的问题，那至少是在一月初，

关於这个地形学，这个组成「疏离」的四个术语的地形学，以及「重复」的地形学）。在这些情况，我们拖延

这个领域所牵涉到的东西，是值得的。在精神分析学，性的行动的位置被，发现保留在这里。

I return to the foundation of the satisfaction of the sexual act, in so far as it is also what gives the status

of

sublimation. I return to it, for not being able this year to push any further what I am introducing on this

point. What is involved in the satisfaction of the sexual act?

我回到性的行动的满足的基础，因为那时「昇華」的地位所在。我回到它，因为今年我只能讲到目前介绍的

这一点。性的行动的满足，会牵涉到什麽呢？

It springs from the following, that we know by analytic experience, that there is - not from one partner to

the other, but from any one of the partners to the idea of the couple as One - this lack that we can define

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differently as lack of being, lack in the jouissance of the Other, this lack, this non-coincidence of the

subject as product, in so far as he advances into the field of the sexual act, for he is nothing more than a

product, at that moment. He has no need either to be or to think or to have his slide-rule. He enters this

field and he believes himself to be equal to the role that he has to hold in it. This, whether he is man or

woman. In both cases the phallic lack - that is called castration in one case or Penisneid in the other - is

here what symbolises the essential lack.

底下是它的起源：我们根据精神分析经验知道，有这个欠缺（不是从一个伴侣到另一个伴侣，而是从伴侣

之间，到夫妻结合为一体）。我们能够以不同的方式，定义这个欠缺，作为生命实存的欠缺，大它者的「大

欢爽」的欠缺，生命主体作为产品的因果的欠缺。当他走入性的行动的领域，在当时，他仅仅就是一个产品。

他既没有需要去成为生命的实存，或思考，或拥有他的米达尺。他进入这个领域，他相信自己能够胜任他

必须要扮演的角色，无论他是男人或女人。在两种情形里，阳具的欠缺，在男人这一边被称为「阉割」，在

女人那样边，被称为「阳具羡慕」。这里就是基本的欠缺的符号象征。

This is what it at stake. And why does the penis find itself symbolising it? Precisely because of being

that which, in the form of detumescence, materialises this flaw, this lack in jouissance, materialises the

lack which derives or, more exactly, which appears to derive, from the law of pleasure.

这就是它岌岌可危的地方。为什麽男人的陰茎发现自己是阳具的符号象征呢？确实是因为以「消腫」的姿态，

它将阳具的这个瑕疵，「大欢爽」的这个欠缺，具体表现出来。它具体表现从快乐原则得来，或似乎得来的

这个欠缺。

It is in effect in the measure that pleasure has a limit, that too much pleasure is an unpleasure, that it

stops here and that it appears to lack nothing. Well then, it is an error in calculation, exactly the same as

we would make - and I can get this across to you as a "hey presto". I assure you that if I put forward a

certain number of little equations concerning this o, this 1 + o, this 1 - o which is equal to o-squared and

everything that follows, I will make t get across to you as nothing, what this 2 - o that you see here under

the form of that o which is there and of these here which are each equal to 1. ... I would transform it for

you, by an error, of course, into a 2o - 1, without you (14) having even seen a trace of it.

事实上，由于快乐有一个限度，太多的快乐会变成不快乐，因为快乐会停顿在这里，似乎什麽都不欠缺。

这是一种算计方面的错误，跟我们时常会犯的错误一样。我能够让你们明白，当着是「瞬间消失」。我告诉你

们，假如我提出某些数学的平等式，关于这这零，这个一加零，等於是零的平方，以及随后的结果，我将

会让你们明白，结果是零。若是改成这个二减零，那麽你们会看出，在这个零当分母的形式下，每一个结

果都会等於一。我替你们转换一下，当然这里有个错误，成为二乘零，再减去一。你们看不出一丝破绽痕迹。

I do not have the time today. If you want me to do it the next time, when we will have a little debate

together, it will be easy to do, and it is even very amusing! There is nothing more amusing than this very

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pretty function which is called the golden number.

我今天时间不够。假如你们要我下一次讲这个，我们将会有些争论，这不太容易，虽然是很有趣！没有比

所谓的「黄金率」更加有趣的事了。

The 1 - o which is here, and which it is easy to demonstrate is equal o-squared, is what is satisfying in

the sexual act. Namely, that in the sexual act one does not notice what is missing.

我们很容易证明，这个一减零，相等於是零的平方。这是性的行动令人满意的地方。换句话说，在性的行动

中，我们没有注意到，什麽漏失掉。

This is the whole difference to sublimation. Not that, in sublimation, one knows it all the time, but that

one obtains it as such, at the end, if in fact there is an end to sublimation. This is what I am going to

materialise for you by the use of what is involved in this relation described as the mean and extreme

ratio.

这就是跟「昇華」截然的不同。昇華並不是那样，我们始终知道它，但是我们获得它的本身，在最后，事实

上，这就是昇華的目的。这就是我所要具体跟你们表现的，使用被描述为「黄金比率」的关系，所牵涉到的

东西。

In sublimation, what happens? Far from the lack which is here under the function of o-squared, with

respect to this small o which has been put here above the 1, in the way that you see above. The

interesting thing about this relation, as I told you the last time, is the power to proceed by a successive

reduction, which is produced as follows. You reduce (rabattre) the o-squared here and you obtain, as

regards what remains, namely, the o here, another subtraction of o, namely, o - o-squared, which is

found to be - it is easy to prove, just as o-squared was equal to i - o - equal to o-cubed, which is placed

here.

昇華时，会发生什麽事？丝毫不是「零的平方」的功用，关於这个小客体，它被摆置在这个「一」的上方，以

你们看的方向的上方。关於这个关系，耐人寻味的是，我上一次告诉过你们，要以连续递减的方式继续下

去的次方。我的公式如下：你们递减这个零的平方，你们得到的余数，就是这里这个零，零的另一层扣减，

换句话说，零减去零的平方。结果很容易证明。正如零的平方，相等於一减零，等於零的四次立方，结果在

这里。

Here then is what you obtain, by taking always the remainder - and not of course what you have

reproduced in terms of o-squared; if you reduce o-cubed in this way, you obtain here a sector which has

the value of o-to-the fourth- power; then you reduce it and you have here o-to-the-fifth-power. You have,

therefore, all the even powers on one side and all the odd on the other.

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这就是你得到的结果，总是会有余数。这当然不是你们用零的平方，繁殖的结果。假如你以这种方式，减去

零的四次立方，你们得到一个零跟第四次方的价值。然后，你减去它，你就得到零跟第五次方的价值。因此，

你在一边获得所有的偶数的次方，在另一边，获得所有的奇数的次方。

It is easy to see that they are going, as I might say, towards meeting one another, until they totalise

themselves in one, but that the point where the cut will be produced, between the odd powers and even

powers, is easy to calculate. This point is very precisely a point that is determinable by the fact that it is

equal to o-squared which was first produced here.

我不妨这样说，我们很容易看出来，它们将会会合在一起，直到它们的总数和是一。奇数次方与偶数次方

之间的这个切割，将会被产生，这个很容易演算。决定这一点的确实是这个事实，它相等於最初在这里产

生的零的平方。

It is enough for you to manipulate these proportions a little on a blank page, for you to be able to verify it

yourself.

你们可以在一张空白纸上执行这些演算，你们自己就能够证明。

What does this give as a structure of the sublimatory function?

这给予昇華的功用的结构，怎样的指示？

(15) First of all, that contrary to the pure and simple sexual act, it is from the lack that it starts and it is

with the help of this lack that it constructs what is its work which is always the reproduction of this lack.

Whatever it may be, however it may be taken - and the work of sublimation is not at all necessarily the

work of art, it can be many other things again, including what I am in the process of doing here with You,

which has nothing to do with the work of art - this reproduction of the lack, which goes as far as

circumscribing the point at which its final cut is strictly equal to the starting lack o-squared, is what is

involved in any completed work of sublimation.

（第十五）首先，不同於纯净而单纯的性的行动，昇華从这个欠缺开始，也靠着这个欠缺的帮助，它建造

它自己的作品。这个作品总是这个欠缺的繁殖。不管它是什麽，不管它如何被看待，昇華的作品根本没有需

要成为艺术的作品。它可以说许多其它的东西，包括我现在跟你们在这里的所作所为。这跟艺术作品丝毫没

有关系。这种欠缺的繁殖会将这一点画一个界限，这一点使它最后的切割，完全相等於零的平方开始时的

欠缺。这就是任何完成的昇華作品会牵涉的部分。

This of course, implies within the act, a repetition. It is only by reworking the lack in an infinitely repeated

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fashion, that you reach the limit that gives its measure to the entire work.

当然，这意味着，在昇華的行动之内，有一个重复。只有憑藉无穷尽地重复的方式，重新铸造这个欠缺，

你们才能到达评量整个作品的这个极限。

Naturally, in order for this to function, it is necessary that the measure should be correct at the start.

Because, notice something: with the measure small o, that we have given as being an especially

harmonic measure, you have the following formula: 1 + o + o-squared ... (etc... to infinity as regards the

powers invoked) is equal to 1/1-o.

当然，为了让这个昇華行动可以运作，这个评量从开始就要正确。请注意一下：用这个小客体的评量，我

们给予生命的实存，一个和谐的评量。你们有以下的公式：一加零加零的平方、、、（等等、、、到达无限的次

方），结果等於一减零之一。

This is not only true for the o of the correct measure, that of the golden number, in so far as it serves as

an image for us, to the measure of the subject with respect to sex in an ideal case. This functions for

any x whatsoever, of whatever value, on this simple condition that this x is included between 0 and 1.

Namely, that it also involves, with respect to 1, some defect or some lack.

这不但是对於正确评量的零，而且对於「黄金数目」的零，也都是事实。它提供我们一个形象，来评量生命

的主体，有关理想状态时的性爱。它可运用到任何价值，任何未知数，基本条件是：这个未知数，被包括

在零与一之间。换句话说，它也牵涉到关於这个「一」的某个缺点，或某个欠缺。

But naturally, the manipulation of it will not be as easy as regards the repetitive function of sublimation. It

is the question of what is involved, at the start, about this o, that is at stake. The o is not concerned, in

the subject, only with the sexual function, because it is even prior to it. It is linked purely and simply to

repetition in itself. The relation of o to the S barred, in so far as the S attempts to be precisely situated

with respect to sexual satisfaction, this is what is properly called phantasy and it is what, this year, we

desire to deal with.. But before seeing how we can accede to it, namely, in the analytic act, it was

necessary for me to articulate for you in a fashion which, certainly, may appear distant from the facts - it

is not (as you will see), however much as you may believe it, in joking about the presence or not, in your

pocket of the slide-rule - you will see, on the contrary, that it is by introducing these novelties into the

structural order, that many of the confusions, of the collapses, of the muddles in theory, can be

ventilated in fashion which has its sanction in the order of efficacy.

当然，它的运作，将不会像昇華的重复的功用那样容易。它的问题牵涉到开始时，关於这个岌岌可危的零。

就生命的主体而言，这个零不仅跟性的功用有关，因为它甚至是在性的功用之前。它纯粹而且仅仅跟重复

的本身有关。零跟这个被禁制的生命的主体的关系，当主体企图在性爱的满足，找到自己确实的定位，这

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就构成我们适当地所谓「幻见」，这就是我们今年渴望要处理的。但是看到我们如何介入之前，换句话说，

在精神分析的行动之前，我需要对你们表达，表面上似乎离题。无论你们如何相信它，关键不是在对于它

的存在与否，以玩笑置之，或以你们口袋里的米达尺衡量之。相反地，你们将看得出来，关键是要介绍这

些新奇的东西进入结构的秩序。这样，许多的混乱，许多的崩溃，许多的理论的混杂，我们若是有效地将

结构，整理出一个头绪，就可以得到澄清。

雄伯译
springherohsiung@gmail.com