ADVANCED TOPICS IN

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

An Examination of DSP in Modern
Fourth Generation Modems
fred harris
San Diego State University
 Advanced Topics in Digital Signal Processing
An Examination of DSP in Modern Fourth Generation Modems
Summary
This four-day course is designed for communication
systems engineers, programmers, implementers and
managers who need to understand current practice and
next generation DSP techniques for upcoming
communication systems. DSP is more than mapping
legacy analog designs to a DSP implementation. To
avoid compromise solution appropriate for an earlier
time period, we return to first principles to learn how
to apply new technology capabilities to the design of
next generation communication systems.
Instructor
Dr. fred harris teaches at San Diego State University
where he occupies the CUBIC Signal Processing Chair.
His teaching and research areas include Digital Signal
Processing, Multirate Signal Processing,
Communication Systems, Source Coding and Modem
Design. He has extensive practical experience in
communication systems, high performance modems,
sonar and advanced radar systems and high
performance laboratory instrumentation. He holds a
number of patents on Multirate Signal Processing for
Satellite and Cable Modems and lectures throughout the
world on DSP applications. He consults for
organizations requiring high performance, cost-
effective DSP solutions and has contributed to a number
of textbooks and handbooks on various aspects of signal
processing.
What You Will Learn
• How to size and design filters for a specified
processing task
• Effects of Finite Arithmetic on Different Filter
Architectures
• Understand Multi-rate Signal processing for
Sample Rate Changes
• Understand Multi-rate Signal processing for
Intentional Aliasing
• DSP Based Signal Enhancement and Signal
Conditioning
• DSP Based Synchronization Techniques
• Limitations and Boundaries of DSP Based
Solutions
40 – Vol. 72 Register online at www.aticourses.com or call ATI at 888.501.2100 or 410.531.6034
June 21-24, 2004
8:30am - 4:30pm
Washington DC/Maryland
$1495
Course Outline
1. Introduction. An examination of Past, Present, and Future Digital
Modulation Systems.
2. Digital Filters. FIR Filters, Resampling Filters, Interpolators and
Decimators, Half Band Filters, Cascade-Integrator-comb (CIC) filters,
Hogenauer Filters, Multirate IIR filters.
3. Channelizers. Modulation and Demodulation. Design Techniques.
Workload Comparisons.
4. Filter Design Techniques. Window Designs and Performance
considerations. Equiripple Designs. System Considerations. Options to
Improve System Performance. Finite ArithmeticWindow Designs and
Performance considerations. Equiripple Designs. System
Considerations. Options to Improve System Performance. Finite
Arithmetic.
5. Digital Baseband Transmission. The Nyquist Filter, Excess
Bandwidth, Matched Filters, Square-Root Nyquist Filter, Shaping and
Up-Sampling Filters.
6. Pre-and Post-Signal Conditioning. Analog Filters, Timing Jitter,
Direct Digital Synthesizers, CORDIC processors, Digital Oscillators,
Interpolating and Decimating Filters in A-to-D and D-to-A, AGC, DC
Canceling, I-Q Balancing.
7. Sigma-Delta Converters. A-to-D, D-to-A, D-to-D. Multi-loop
Converters, Wide-Band Converters. System Considerations.
8. Carrier Centered Modulation and Demodulation. Shaping and
Interpolation, QPSK, QAM, Digital IF Options, OFDM, Legacy
Analog modulation and Demodulation in DSP. FM Modulation and
demodulation.
9. Synchronization. The Phase Locked Loop, Proportional plus Integral
Loops, Phase Recovery, Band Edge Filters in Frequency Recovery,
Timing Recovery, Polyphase Filters in Timing Recovery.
10. Adaptive Filters. LMS Algorithm, RLS Algorithm, Lattice Filters,
Linear Equalization, Adaptive Equalization, Decision Feedback
Equalizers, Constant Modulus (Blind) Equalizers.
11. Modem Structures. Wireline, Cable, Satellite, and Terrestrial modems
and considerations.
 What you will Learn
• How to Size and Design Efficient Digital Filters
• Effects of Finite Arithmetic on Different Filter
Architectures
• Understand Multirate Signal processing for Sample Rate
Changes
• Understand Multirate Signal processing for Intentional
Aliasing
• DSP Based Signal Enhancement and Signal Conditioning
• DSP Based Synchronization Techniques
• Limitations and Boundaries of DSP Based Solutions
 Topics
• Digital Filters
• Channelizers
• Filter Design Techniques
• Digital Baseband Transmission
• Pre and Post Signal Conditioning
• Sigma-Delta Converters
• Carrier Centered Modulation and Demodulation
• Synchronization
• Adaptive Filters
• Modem Structures
What the Customer Expects
It all Started with….
Regenerative Receiver
TRF: Tuned Radio Frequency

Note Real Breadboard

Superheterodyne

Patent Disclosure: June 3, 1918

Receiver Requires Copy of Carrier
N(t)

Ideal Low Pass

x(t)
Channel Filter
A x(t)+ NI(t)
cos(θ(t))
2
A cos(ω0t) cos(ω0t+ θ(t))

N(t)
m
x(t) Low Pass
Ideal
Channel Filter
2 [A+A m x(t) + N (t)]
π I
Sign
A cos(ω0t) sign[cos(ω0t)]

A
( 2
)2

95% energy in carrier

Carrier Recovery PLL
Harry Nyquist (1889-1960)

The Sampling Theorem

fS>BW
Analog to Digital Converter
 The Modern Era
ADC and DSP Insertion
IF Sampling
Timing Correction in DSP Land
Digital Receiver: Asynchronous
Carrier and Sampling Clock
DSP Based Receiver
Analog 10-BIT
Band Pass VGA ADC
Filter

AGC Signal
Control Present
Detector LMS
40.0 MS/S Algorithm

125 KS/S -
Polyphase Polyphase 250 KS/S 2-to-1
Downsample Matched Equalizer Detector
Down
Filter Filter
sample
4-to-1 40-to-1

10.0 MS/S Timing

Carrier *
Loop Filter
Loop
& DDS

Polyphase
Derivative
Matched
Filter
Parallel
Mapping Ouput Data
Polyphase to
Detected Algorithm 0.25/0.5/1.0
Band-Edge Binary Serial
Symbols MB/S
Center Filter 125 K sym/sec Symbols
Frequency 125/250/500
Selection QPSK/QAM Kwords/sec

State Machine Control

Signals
Polyphase Multichannel Receiver
TIMING
RCVRY

PHASE-0

PHASE-1
VCO
PHASE
PHASE-2
fc fs ROTATORS

...............
Channel

...............
IF

...............
ADC 80-PNT
Select
STAGE Real
FFT and
Process
or

40-PNT
PHASE-38 Complex
FFT
PHASE-39
Time Series: 40-Channel
Polyphase Filter Bank

0.8

0.6
m a gnitu de

0.4

0.2

0
40

35

30

25

20

15
100
90
10 80
70
60
5 50
c e nte r fre que nc y 40
30
20
0 10
0
tim e
 Polyphase Channelize
1-Wideband and 7-Narrowband CDMA Signals
S pectrum: S -1 at 6.144 MHz S pectrum: S -2 at 6.144 MHz S pectrum: S -3 at 6.144 MHz S pectrum: S -4 at 6.144 MHz S pectrum: S -5 at 6.144 MHz

0 0 0 0 0

-20 -20 -20 -20 -20

-40 -40 -40 -40 -40

-60 -60 -60 -60 -60

-80 -80 -80 -80 -80

-100 -100 -100 -100 -100

-2 0 2 -2 0 2 -2 0 2 -2 0 2 -2 0 2

S pectra ups ampled to 15.36 MHz and up converted in polyphas e filter

-20
Log-Mag (dB)

-40

-60

-80

-100
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Frequency (MHz)
 Related Publications
f.j harris,
“On the Relationship Between Multirate Polyphase FIR Filters and Windowed, Overlapped
FFT Processing”, Twenty-third Annual Asilomar Conference on Signals and Computers, 1989.

• D. Elliot, Editor,
“Handbook of Digital Signal Processing: Engineering Applications”,
Academic Press, 1987, Chapter 8, “Time Domain Signal Processing with the DFT”, pp 639-666.

•f.j. harris and M. Rice,

“Multirate Digital Filters for Symbol Timing Synchronization in Software Defined Radios”,
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 19, pp. 2346-2357, Dec. 2001.

•f.j. harris, C. Dick, and M. Rice,

“Digital Receivers and Transmitters Using Polyphase Filter Banks for Wireless
Communications”,
IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, No. 4, April 2003, pp.1395-1412
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