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TOPIPC: Salvador Dali

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ABHISHEK ARYA DR. RITWIJ BHOWMIK
160024
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Brief Introduction
Salvador Dali, his full name was Salvador
Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquis
of Dalí de Púbol. He was born on May 11, 1904
in the small agricultural town of Figueres,
Spain, in the foothills of the Pyrenees
Mountains .

About His Family:-

His father, Salvador Dalí y Cusi, was a middle
class lawyer and notary.

Dali also had an Older brother whose name was

also Salvador born on (12 october 1901). And
had died of gastroenterties nine months
earlier, on (1 August 1903).
Dalí also had a sister, Anna Maria, who was
three years younger . In 1949, she published a
book about her brother, ‘Dalí As Seen By His
Sister’ .

When Dali was 16 years Old his Mother died due

to breast cancer on 21 february 1921. He said ,
It was a great blow that he had experienced
ever. After her death ,his father married to
his deceased wife’s sister. Dali was not happy
with this marriage because he had great respect
and love toward his aunt.
Early Life
In 1920, when he went to Paris and met with
MIRO, PICASSO and MAGRITTE from there his first
surrealist phase started. By 1929, He became
the leader of surrealist movement, During 1930
his art work being shown in international
surrealist exhibitions. He was a
skilled draftman, best known for the striking
and bizarre images in his surrealist work.
Due to flee of world war of II . He and his
wife left the Europe and moved to US. And in
1942 his autobiography published ‘The Secret
Life of Salvador Dalí ‘ . He stayed in US until
1955 , and than he returned to his home country
Spain and lived the rest of his life.

Life in Madrid and Paris:-

In 1922 Dali shifted into the Residencia de
Estudiantes where he got maximum attention
from his fellow classmates for his paintings
that mostly concentrated on Cubism art form.
his only source of information about Cubist art
came from magazine articles and a catalogue
given to him by Pichot ,since there were no
cubist in Madrid .
In 1926 , He expelled from his college for
making a statement that there was no one so
competent as to examine him and his art work.
In the same year he moved to Paris where he met
with Pablo Picasso (a pioneer of Cubism), whom
he revered .Because Many of his work
influences from Picasso and Joan Miró.
Final Years and death:-
In November 1988, Dalí entered the hospital
with heart failure; a pacemaker had been
implanted previously. On 5 December 1988, he
was visited by King Juan Carlos, who confessed
that he had always been a serious devotee of
Dalí.[78] Dalí gave the king a drawing, Head of
Europa, which would turn out to be Dalí's final
drawing.
He returned to the Teatro-Museo made his last
public appearance where he made a brief
statement, saying "Geniuses do not have the
right to die because we are necessary for the
progress of humanity. Viva el Rey, Viva España,
Viva Cataluña" .
On the morning 23 january 1989 .At the age of
84 He died due to hear failure.

Brief Education
Early Education :-
He studied at the Municipal School of Drawing
in Figueres, followed by studies at the San
Fernando Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid, Spain.
In 1925, he received the earliest recognition
of his talent as an artist with his first one-
man show in Barcelona.
In 1916 Dali made a summer trip to Cadaqués
with the family of Ramon Pichot, a local artist
and was greatly inspired by MODERN PAINTING.
His Contribution to Visual
Arts:-

His art form was extremely mixed and had a

Classic style . He drew influences from various
forms of art and his classical influences
included works of Raphael, Bronzino, Francisco
de Zurbaran, Vermeer, and Velázquez. At times
Dali combined classical and modernist
techniques and at some other time he used these
techniques separately in his paintings.

Dali worked on several sculptures and other

objects and he also contributed massively to
theatre, fashion, and photography, among his
other areas of interests.

In 1970s, He created The Dalí Theatre-Museum in

Figueres , where he stored all his collection
work which have been produced by him in the
last years of his life.

In 1983, he created the Gala-Salvador Dalí

Foundation to manage, protect, and promote his
artistic and intellectual work
ART-GROUPS/ART-EXHIBITIONS :-
In 1929 He collaborated with surrealist film
director Luis Bunuel surrealist film Un Chien
Andalou .
In 1929 he had an professional exhibitions and
officially joined the Surrealist group in the
Montaparnasse quarter of Paris.
The Surrealists hailed what He called his
paranoiac-critical method of accessing
the subconscious for greater artistic
creativity.

Art Movements:-
Surrealism: A cultural movement that began in
the early 1920s, and is best known for its
visual artworks and writings.

Modern art: It artistic work produced during

the period extending roughly from the 1860s to
the 1970s, and denotes the styles and
philosophy of the art produced during that era.

Cubism: is an early-20th-century art movement

which brought European painting and sculpture
historically forward toward 20th century Modern
art. Cubism in its various forms inspired
related movements in literature and
architecture.
His Major Art-Works

Name of painting : Basket of Bread

Medium : Oil on canvas
Dimension : 12.5in X 12.5in
Year : 1926

The painting depicts four pieces of bread with

butter on them sitting in a basket. One is
separated from the others and is half-bitten.
The basket sits on a white cloth.
Name of painting : The Persistence of Memory
Spanish Title: La persistencia de la memoria
Medium : Oil on canvas
Dimension : 24cm X 33cm
Year : 1931

This Picture depicts a scene with watches melting

slowly on rocks and the branch of a tree, with the
ocean as a back drop. This concept is hard and soft
painting It describes the softness of sleep &
hardness of reality .
The Persistence of Memory is considered one of the
greatest masterpieces of twentieth century art. It is
not only the most famous painting of Salvador
Dali but also the most renowned artwork in
Surrealism.
Name of Painting : Swans Reflecting Elephants
Spanish Name: Cisnes que se reflejan como
elefantes
Dimension :51cm X 77cm
Medium: Oil on Canvas
Year: 1937

Double images were a major part of his

paranoiac-critical method. This painting uses
the reflection in a lake to create a double
image. The three swans in front of the trees
are reflected in the lake so that their necks
become the elephants’ trunks and the trees
become the legs of the elephants. This is also
one of the most well-known works in Surrealism.
Name of painting : Christ of Saint John of the
Cross
Spanish Name: Cristo de San Juan de la Cruz
Dimension: 250cm X116cm
Medium :Oil Paint
Year
:1937

Its design is based on a drawing by the 16th-century

Spanish friar John of the Cross. Its compositon
consists of triangle which is formed by its design is
based on a drawing by the 16th-century Spanish friar
John of the Cross.
This painting was voted Scotland’s favorite painting
in a 2006 poll and it is considered by many to be the
greatest religious painting of the twentieth century.
Conclusion:-

He was one of the main founder of surrealism

movement.

He always experimented mediums of different

type so he was not just known as a painter.

He had affected art in many ways. For example,

he invented new ways of expresseing ones self
through art. Also, he proved that art doesn't
have to be perfect but creative and unique.
Dali had one of the biggest impacts and legacy
in modern art.