Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IELTS test four performance areas: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking. All
candidates receive a test score between 1 (lowest) and 9(highest) Academic
Institution set their own IELTS entry scores
Each unit contains IELTS practices test and a Fast Track section
Topics that are interesting, durable and even controversial have been favored
for inclusion. The aim has been to encourage critical thinking and discussion
in IELTS preparation classrooms. All six tests are at a level comparable to the
actual IELTS but the later test pose a slightly higher level of challenge than
the earlier ones.
The Writing Test Task 1 material covers a wide range of test task type. The
Writing Test Task 2 prompts are usually short and clear. The aim has been to
enable users of this book to focus on their own writing needs.
This new section offers detailed guidance for managing test performance
professionally and improving upon your IELTS score in each of the four
subtests.
FASTTRACK SECTIONS
WRITING
The first part of this section explores the requirement of the IELTS Academic Writing
Test and targets problem areas with hints for improvement. Each of the twelve
Writing task has planning assistance plus a Sample Answer, which generate
language building activities. ‘Notes’ following the answers provides additional
discourse pointers. Our belief is that IELTS candidates will become better attuned to
the type of writing required for the test if they work analytically and interactively
with whole sample answers. This consistent with an inductive approach
SPEAKING
Two recorded speaking test on CDs are accompanied by listening activities so you
can ‘track ’in an active way the interview format and content. There are also
teacher comments for the two candidates, examiner’s suggestions, plus extra test
practice topics and questions.
? Questions
Time
The listening test takes 30 minutes. You hear the recording ONCE
only
Test Instructions
There are recorded instructions at the beginning of the test. As you listen, write
your answers on the question paper. At the end of the test you are given
time to transfer the answers to an answer sheet.
Listening Test 1
Example
Andrea is feeling happy because…
A. She’s seen Harry.
B.
B She’s finished her exams.
C. She can sleep in
[3] Where are Harry going to advertise his books for sale>
A. In the university bookshop.
[4] Andrea thinks it is unlikely students will buy the furniture because…
A. they’re all doing the same thing.
B. they live at home.
C. It’s summer vacation.
[5] Andrea thinks that the second hand shop…
A. may not pay well.
B. may not take your goods.
C. may not take free goods.
Questions 6-10
Complete Harry’s notes using NO MORE THAN TWO WORD.
THE CANADIAN
FOOD MARKET
Understanding subtle [21]……………………………..
between the Canadian and United States food sectors is
important for successful food marketing
Canada has many different ethnic groups: e.g. Toronto
has large [22]…………… and Asian population
Growth of ethnic specialties of Mediterranean, Caribbean,
South East Asian and [23]………………………………….
Foods
Therefore supermarkets now offering new [24]……………..
to prepare these foods, e.g. condiments and sauces
80% of Canadian market controlled by 8 major national
chains
Seminar to compare Canadian food trends with [25]
………………. And UK
Questions 6-8
Circle the correct letter A-C.
[6] What time should Anrietta finish work in the hamburger shop?
A 7.00 pm
B 3.00 am
C 11.00 pm
[7] What is the problem with Annetta's pay at the hamburger shop?
A the pay is too much
B the pay is late
C the pay isn't correct
[8] How many children will Annetta have to look after?
A two boys and a girl
B two boys and two girls
C two girls and a boy
Questions 15-16
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR NUMBERS for each answer.
[15] If students do not like eating meat, can they get a cheap meal at the
restaurant in Ironbridge?
[16] What time must the students arrive to catch the bus?
Question 17
Circle the correct letter A-D.
[17] Which building is the bus garage?
Questions 18-21
Write NO MORS THAN FOUR WORDS OR NUMBERS for each answer.
[21] Which three of the following famous tourist sights are mentioned? Write the
correct letters A-H.
A Great Wall of China E Taj Mahal
B Angkor Wat F Mt. Kilimanjaro
C Grand Canyon G Leaning Tower of Pisa
D Pyramids H Great Barrier Reef
……………………………………………………….pm
If ill, phone [28]………………………………………….
Presentation:
Due in week 10
Worth [29]…………………………………………. Of
assessment
Outline history, management structure etc.
Include visuals
e.g. [30]
………………………….and……………………………
EXAMPLE
The speaker has come the Theosophical Society F
T
B It broke down.
C It was stolen.
A by motorcycle
B on foot
C by bus
Questions 11-13as you listen, fill in the details to complete the information in the
Questions 17-20
Survival suits are [18] __________ in colour for maximum visibility. They are designed
to keep you floating upright in the water even if you [19] ____________ and will
Fill in the summary below with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS OR A NUMBER for each
space.
Questions 24-26
Complete the summary. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each space.
[21] what was Sarah Price’s worst experience during the trip?
[28] In which of the following areas does Ray expect to have most difficulty?
A loneliness
B time pressure
C organization skills
Question 29 and 30
[30] Name 2 things that are provided free of charge to the competitors.
___________ and____________
Questions 31-33
A Germany.
B Great Britain.
C United States.
Question: 34-39
Complete the Summary below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each
answer.
In 1932 August Dvorak solved the inefficiency problem by re—designing the [34]
____ of the typewriter. He put the most commonly used letters on the
home row. Using the Dvorak keyboard, over 3000 words or [35] _____ of all work can
be done from the home row. In contrast, only [36] _____ can be typed from the home
Typist: using the QWERTY keyboard moved their fingers [39] _____ miles
Question 40
[40] Which of these was the main reason why the Dvorak keyboard was never
adopted?
B bad timing
C resistance to change
Question 1
A London
B Singapore
C Hong Kong
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Questions 5-7
A black colour
B wheels
C a metal handle
A 5.50 pm
B 6.10 pm
C 7.50 pm
Question 8
When Jenny picks up the bag she has to [8] _____ in person
Question: 9 and 10
[9] _____
[10] _____
Questions 11 and 12
Complete the notice below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER for
each answer.
Friday, Saturday: 10 am — 8 pm
Questions 13-15
Indicate the number (1-4) to press for information on each of the following.
Questions 16-20
Ticket prices:
Questions 21-23
Match the 3 speakers (21-23) with the background information below (A-G).
AND EXPERIENCE
F works as a journalist
Question 24
A five
B three
C twelve
Question 25-28
C independent distributors
A journalism students
A none is in English.
[28] The festival did not make a profit last year because of
A poor weather.
C lack of publicity‘
Question 29 and 30
Planning Overview
[29] 1 March
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
- less maintenance
Questions 39 and 40
[39] Name ONE group which has opposed the introduction of reed bed technology.
_____
[40] Give ONE concern about reed bed systems raised by students in the question
period. _____
Keep calm
‘Keep calm under pressure. I can hear more clearly and understand better
when I’m relaxed.’
The readings are based on those from magazines, books, journals or newspapers.
Questions
Time
Test Instructions
The instructions in each test are clear and easy to follow, and you are given
examples of
unfamiliar question types. You write your answers directly onto the reading answer
sheet, not
Make a photocopy of the Sample Answer Sheet of this book. Use pencil.
Questions 1-3 Answer the following questions using NO MORE THAN THREE
WORDS from the passage
1 How old was Juliane at the time of the crash?
2 What is her occupation now?
3 What was the cause of the plane crash?
Questions 4—10 Choose the correct letter A—D. [4] What happened to the plane? A
It broke apart in the air. B It hit trees and exploded. C It crashed into a
mountainside. D It hit the ground and burst into flames.
[5] Which of the following did NOT help to slow her fall? A an updraft caused by
storm clouds B hitting vines C the section of seats to which she was attached D a
parachute
[6] Which of the following injuries did she sustain? A a broken foot B a broken arm C
concussion D cuts on her head
[7] What helped her to survive? A knowledge of the jungle B a map showing the
location of the nver C appropriate clothing and Shoes D food supplies from the Plane
[8] What was the biggest threat to her survival?
A infected wounds B sting rays C starvation D crocodiles
[9] How long was she lost in the jungle?
A 3 days B 5 days C 10 days D 15 days
[10] How was she finally rescued?
A search party found her in the jungle. B Native hunters found her. C She signaled to
a plane from the river. D She reached a campsite along the river.
Questions 11-14 Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in
this passage?
Write: YES if the statement agrees wrth the writer’s Views. No if the statement
contradicts the writer’s views. NOT GIVEN if the information is not clearly given in
the passage. t5 a.
[11] Other survivors of the crash were found in the jungle.
[12] Juliane was upset when she re-visited the crash site.
[13] Wings of Hope is the name given to a memorial statue.
[14] Juliane suffered nightmares for many years as a result of her experience
Questions 15—27
Questions 15—19 Classify the following as relating to:
A the silk of bombyx mori B dragline silk of nephila clavipes C capturr silk of nephila
clavipes
[15] forms the framework of a web
[16] most elastic silk
Questions 32-36
Use the information in the text to match the map projection [M A P] with the
charasteristics listed below.
M Mercator projection
A Aitoff projection
Questions 1—13
Questions 1-2 Choose the correct letter A-D.
[1] The researchers concluded that
A subjects underestimated the time spent ’on hold’. B it is better for companies not
to use any 'on-hold' music. C light jazz was the most acceptable music overall. D
both gender and type of music influence callers’ reaction.
[2] The researchers recommended that
A their client continue to play alternative music.
B four types of music should be offered to people ‘on hold’.
C advertising is preferable to music.
D women can be kept waiting for longer than men.
Questions 3-7 Choose the type of music from the list A-D below which corresponds
to the findings of the study.
Types of musIc A light jazz B alternative C classical D rock
Question 19-22
Complete the table using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage
CENTURY SOCIAL CHANGE IN REASON EFFECT ON
BRITAIN POPULATION
Mid 17th century Main drinks were Hops helped to No significant
………. make beer last change
longer
Late 17th century Gin becomes more Beer becomes Mortality rate goes
popular, especially expensive because up
with poor people of [19] ………..
Early 18th century [20] ……….. Britain starts trade Mortality rate goes
drinking starts to with chine down
become
widespread
th
Mid 18 century Decline in urban [22] ………. Water Infant mortality
deaths caused by used for tea and rate goes down by
[21] ………… beer; antibacterial half
qualities of tannin
Questions 26-40
Questions 26—32
Complete the summary below. Choose your answers from the box below the
summary. There are more words than you will need to fill the gaps.
Although IT is one of the leading career ................ made by graduates today, the
industry’s demand for qualified applicants [26] ......................... the supply of skilled
I'l‘ personnel. Despite the [27] ................................... widespread use of computer
technology in all areas of life, [28] .................................... face difficulties recruiting
people whose education has equipped them to commence worldng productively
without further training. Several business organisations now offer income and other
[29] .................................... inducements to potential employees. They also include
group [30] .................................... in their selection procedures, often inviting up to
forty [31] .................................... to their company for the two-day visit. In this way
the company can demonstrate the reality of the working [32] .....................which is
more
likely to involve challenging co-operative projects than individualised tasks.
List of Words
exceeds extracts choices candidates employees admiration previous financial
employment regularity advantages employers environment activities current
Questions 33-37 Do the following statements reflect the views of the writer of the
passage?
Write:
' YES if the statement refiects the views of the writer. NO if the statement
contradicts the writer. NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks
about this.
[33] The American Intercontinental University includes team-based learning in all its
courses on all its campuses. [34] The composition of teams is changed regularly.
[35] Theoretical problems are the most important team activity. [36] The team
members participate in assessment of other team members. [37] International
students prefer traditional classroom learning to team-based learning.
Questions 38—40
Choose one phrase from the list of phrases A-H below to complete each of the
following sentences. There are more phrases than questions so you will not use all
of them.
[38] Students’ work is assessed... [39] The teams make a joint presentation... [40]
The need to achieve consensus assists
List of Phrases
A to compete with other teams as judged by the facilitator. B by individual tests and
exams. C to see who has the strongest point of view in the group. D individually, by
their peers and as a team. E in the development of communication skills. F to
practise working as a group while putting theory into practice. G to assist
North Americans are not a people of the siesta. There is a tendency to associate
afternoon naps with laziness and non-productivity. Latin Americans and some in
Europe cultures take a different view. In Mexico and Greece, for example, it is
customary to close business between noon and about 4.00 pm siesta time.
Recent studies are showing that if you can take a 15-30-minute nap while at work
in the afternoon, you’ll be more alert, more energetic, happier doing what you
do, more productive and therefore more likely to get ahead, Napping on the job is
not yet a trend but there is serious talk in academic circles about the merits of
power napping’.
By some estimates, the average American collects an annual ‘sleep debt’ of 500
hours---subtracting from assumed norm of eight hours a night. Two out of three
American get less than eight hours of sleep a night during the work week,
according to a recent study by the National Sleep Foundation in Washington. Forty
percent say they’re so tired that it interferes with their daily activities. Sleep
researcher William Anthony, a professor of psychology at Boston University, says
fatigue is a significant problem in modern society. He says sleepiness is a leading
cause of auto accidents, second only to drunkenness. All that drowsiness costs an
estimated $18 billion annually lost in productivity. ‘We have a simple message to,’
says Professor Anthony. ‘People should be allowed to nap at their breaks. The
rationale is a productivity one – workers are sleepy, and when they’re sleepy on the
job they’re not productive.’
Some companies are encouraging sleep at work, primarily for safety. The
Metropolitan Transit Authority, which runs the New York subway system and two
suburban railroads, is considering power naps for its train operators and bus drivers.
Another railway has started letting its rain operators take nap breaks of up to 45
minutes but only when trains are stopped at designated spots off the main lines
dispatchers have been notified. Some overseas air carriers permit airline pilots,
when not on duty, to nap in the cockpit. Airlines in the United States have not
accepted this practice yet.
According to the Encyclopedia of Sleep and Dreaming: ‘There is a biologically-based
tendency to fall asleep in mid-afternoon just as there is a tendency to fall asleep at
night. Moreover, if sleep the night before is reduced or disturbed for any reason, a
nap the subsequent afternoon is not only more likely to occur, nut it can also relieve
sleepiness and increase alertness.’ The nap zone, documented in numerous studies,
is typically between noon and 3.00 pm. Some people power through this natural
slowdown with caffeine or sugar but if employers allowed naps, the benefits would
be improvements in mood and performance, especially in mid-afternoon. Workers
would concentrate better and persevere in tasks longer. Workers commonly sneak
naps even without permission but some companies have begun encouraging naps
as part of their policies on boosting production. One US distributor, is opening a
2,000-square-foot nap facility that provides beds for up to 20 of its 225 workers at a
time. A company on Japan sets up tents in business offices, provides eyeshades and
ear plugs and encourages employees to snooze in the middle of the work day.
According to Professor Anthony, ‘You’re not going to see napping at traditional types
of operations…. But in 21st century-style operations, this isn’t going to be a perk. It’s
going to have more to do with productivity. Smart employers are understanding that
their employees need to rest to do their best.
Some suspect that corporate naptime, like other perks, is just a way to keep people
at the office longer. On the other hand, growing flexibility in hours for some workers
is allowing nap times to become more common. With eleven million Americans
Questions 1- 13
Question 1
Circle the correct answer A-D
Questions 2 – 6
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Passage 1?
Write:
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer think about this
Questions 7-9
Choose one phrase from the list in the box (A-F) to complete each of the following
sentences
Questions 10-11
Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS FROM THE PASSAGE
Questions 12-13
Circle the correct answer A-D
[13] According to the writer, what is the main reason why employers support the idea of
naps at work
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on this passage
Homeopath
A y
Homeopathy us an alternative system if medicine, founded in the
early 19TH century by a German physician. Dr. Samuel Hahnemann.
Since 1980 homeopathy has experienced a strong resurgence of
interest in North and South America as well as in Europe. Surveys
D
conventional doctors claim that homeopathy functions only as a placebo
because the dosage is so small. However, the clinical experience of
homeopathy shows that this tiny dose can be effective: it works on
unconscious people and infants, and it even works on animals. Controlled
clinical studies performed by medical researchers are demonstrating can
be an effective method of treatment for many diseases.
G
conventional medical therapy and homeopathy is in the role of
medication. In much of conventional therapy the illness is controlled
through regular use of medical substances. If the medication is
withdrawn, the person returns to illness. For example, a person who
takes pill for high blood pressure every day is not undergoing restoration
of perfect health as Dr. Hahnemann said.
Questions 14-19
The reading passage has 7 section A-G
Choose the mist suitable headings for sections B-G from the list of headings (i-x).
There are more headings than sections so you will not use all of them.
List of Headings
(i) The future of homeopathy
(ii) Concerns about homeopathy
(iii) Comparison with traditional western medicine
(iv) Dr. S. Hahnemann
(v) Theoretical and experimental basis
(vi) Revival of homeopathy
(vii) Preparation of medicines
(viii) Debate over effectiveness
(ix) Advantages and limitation of homeopathy
(x) Aspects of treatment
EXAMP
Answer
Section A vi
[14]
Section B
[15] Section C
[16] Section D
[17] Section E
[18] Section F
[19] Section G
Questions 20 -22
Complete the description below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS FROM
THE PASSAGE for each
Answer
Questions 23-26
Complete the summary. Choose your answer from box below
List of words/phrases
cheaper cure heal itself
illness treatments getting better
control symptoms more expensive side effects
stronger shealthy patients
Hemp has been grown for paper, textiles, food and medicine throughout human
history. The earliest known woven fabric made of hemp, dates back to the eighth
millennium (8,000-7,000 BC). The majority of all sails, clothes, tents, rugs, towels,
paper, rope, twine, art canvas, paints, varnishes, and lighting oil were made from
hemp. Hemp seeds were regularly used as a source of food and protein for
centuries.
Hemp’s drastic decline in use and importance within a matter of fifty years is widely
considered to have been brought about by the timber and petrochemical industries
in America. By themed-1930s, changes in technology were beginning to impact on
the hemp industry. Mechanical stripping equipment and machines to conserve
hamp’s high-cellulose pulp became available and affordable. Timber and paper
holding companies stood to lose bllions of dollars if hemp were to be grown on large
scale. A resurgence of the hemp industry also threatened the emerging petro-
chemical companies which had patented the chemicals for pulp processing.
Newspaper articles began to appear, linking hemp with violent crime. The term
used however, was ‘marijuana’ to distance it from hemp used for industrial
purposes. Because few people realized that ‘marijuana’ and hemp came from same
plant species, virtually nobody suspected that the Marijuana Prohibition of 1938
would destroy the hemp industry.
Supporting the theory that marijuana was banned to destroy the hemp industry,
were two articles written just before the Marijuana Prohibition, claiming that hemp
was on the verge of becoming a super crop. These articles, which appeared in well-
respected magazines, praised the usefulness and potential of hemp. Hemp can be
used to produce more than 25, 000 products’ and ‘hemp will prove, for both farmer
and public, the most profitable and desirable crop than can be grown. This was the
first time that billion dollar was used to describe the value of a crop. Less than one
year after these articles were written the Marijuana Prohibition took effect. To what
extent a conspiracy was involved is still being debated, but the important thing is
that for thousands of years, hemp was used extensively. Then over a short period, it
became illegal in many parts of the world.
It is evident that hemp is as extraordinary fibre. Both stems and seeds can be
utilized. Most significantly, hemp can be grown without pesticides and herbicides.
The plant also has the ability to suppress weeds and soil borne diseases. Based on
the hemp industries which have been established overseas, there is a large demand
for hemp products and hemp is proving to be a highly profitable industry. On an
annual basis, one acre of hemp will produce as much fibre as
Hemp can also be used to produce fibreboard that is stronger and lighter than
wood, and its fire retardant. Unlike paper from wood pulp, hemp paper contains in
dioxin, or other toxic residue and a single acre of hemp can produce the same
amount of paper as four acres of trees. The trees take 20 years to harvest and
hemp take single season. In warm climates hemp can be harvested two or even
three times a year. On an annual basis, one acre of hemp will produce as much
paper as 2 to 4 acres of trees. From tissue paper to cardboard, all types of paper
products can be produced from hemp. The quality of hemp paper is superior to tree
based paper. Hemp paper will last hundreds of years without degrading and it can
be recycled many more times than tree-based paper.
Today, industrialized nations around the world are waking up to the enormous
potential of hemp. While some countries, like China and India, have never had laws
against hemp cultivation, others are legalizing industrial hemp after many years of
lumping it together with marijuana. The products and fabrics that are emerging
from the international hemp industry are finding strong demand in an eco-aware
global community. Hemp is indeed and agricultural crop for the twenty-first century.
Questions 27-31
Re-order the following letters (A-F) to show the sequence of events according to the passage. The first one has been
done for you as an example
EXAMPLE
c
[27]
………………
[28]
………………
[28]
………………
[29]
………………
[30]
………………
[31]
………………
Example
D. Prohibition of marijuana
Questions 32-33
Complete the following using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS FROM THE PASSAGE.
Hemp Marijuana
Fibre Strong and durable [32] ……………….
Questions 34-39
From the information given in the passage, classify the following (34-39) as characteristic of:
A. Hemp
B. Wood
C. Cotton
[34] mildew-resistant
Question 40
Choose the correct answer A-D
Frogwatch
Frogwatch, a remarkable success story started in Western Australia, is the brainchild
of Dr. Ken Aplin. His work as the curator of reptiles and frogs in the Western
Australian Museum, involved long field trips and he wondered if a community based
frog-monitoring network could help him keep track of frogs. Through such network,
ordinary untrained members of the community could learn about frog habitats,
observe the numbers and kinds of frogs in their local area, and report this
information to the museum.
Launched in 1995, Frogwatch recently gained its 3221 st member, and many people
say that this is the best thing the museum has ever done. Each participant receives
a ‘Frogwatch kit’ – a regular newsletter, an audio tape of frog calls and identification
sheets. Recently, Frogwatch membership increased dramatically when a mysterious
parasitic fungus disease began attacking frogs nationwide. Although research is yet
incomplete, scientists suspect the fungus originated overseas, perhaps in South
America, where frogs have died in catastrophic numbers from a fungus disease
genetically similar to the Australian organism.
Researchers in Western Australia needed to know how widespread the infection was
in the state’s frog populations. So Aplin sent an ‘F-file’ (frog fungus facts) alert to
Frogwatch members, requesting their help. He asked them to deliver him dead or
dying frogs. More than 2000 frogs have now been examined, half from the
museum’s existing collection. Aplin once thought the fungus had arrived in Western
Australia in only the past year or two, but tests now suggest it has been there since
the late 1980s.
Frogwatch has proved to be the perfect link to the public and Aplin has become a
total convert to community participation. He’s now aiming for a network of 15,000
Frogwatch members as the museum can’t afford to use professional resources to
monitor frog populations. Much of the frog habitat is on private land, and without
community support, monitoring the frogs would be impossible.
He argues that getting the public to send in pages of observations is a good thing,
but giving these reports credibility may not be valid scientifically. In addition he’s
not convinced that Frogwatch’s alarmist message about the danger of fungal
infection is valid either. In Western Australia, for example, there was a long summer
and very late drenching rains that year, following two equally dry years. So, he
argues, there are other things that might have precipitated the deaths. He
questions what could be done about it anyway. If it’s already widespread, it may not
be worth the cost and effort of doing anything about it. Even if it’s causing high
death rates, he says he can still find every frog species found ever the past ten
years in the south-west of Australia.
The nationwide spread of the chytrid fungus is being mapped by Dr. Rick Speare, a
specialist in amphibian disease at James cook University. Speare also tests the
accuracy of Aplin’s fungus diagnoses and says Frogwatch is ‘an amazing and under-
acknowledged system…the best program in Australia for harnessing public interest
in frog biology…There are a lot of eyes out there looking for dead or sick frogs,
beyond the power of any biologist to collect.’
Aplin argues that they should never underestimate the importance of having a
community base, especially when governments want to cut research funds. ‘People
can protest in ways that a handful of scientists hiding in a laboratory can’t do. For
just about every environmental problem, community involvement is fundamental’. Furthermore Frogwatch is
proving to be a social phenomenon as much as anything else. It seems ordinary people know that frogs are a
measure of the environment’s health.
Questions 1 – 13
Questions 1-6
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer of the passage?
Write:
[3] Frogwatch has proven that frogs are disappearing because of a fungus.
[4] Scientists in WA have examined about two thousand frogs collected by Frogwatch
[5] The Frog fungus disease has been in Western Australia for more than ten years.
[6] New species of frogs have been found in Western Australia recently.
Questions 7 – 12
The reading passage describers the opinions of Dr. Ken Aplin, Dr. Dale Roberts and Dr.
Rick Speare in relation to strategies for frog conservation.
Write:
A for Dr. Aplin
B for Dr. Roberts
C for Dr. Speare
[7] Although the involvement of large numbers of people is encouraging, this does not
guarantee scientifically valid data.
[8] The development of frog friendly backyards will help to conserve frog species.
[9] Although it is possible that frogs will adapt to fungal and other problems in the long
Term, we should take precautions in case this does not occur.
[10] As there may be many other explanations for recent frog deaths, it is not worth
spending a great deal of time and money studying this fungus.
[11] Because of the unique geography of Western Australia most frog species in the
Stateare not in danger of extinction.
[12] Frogwatch has greater potential for frog observation than is possible by the
scientificcommunity.
Question 13
Write the appropriate letter A-D.
Just relax…..
Hypnosis is an intriguing and fascinating process. A trance-like mental state is induced in one
A
person by another, who appears to have the power to command that person to obey
instructions without question. Hypnotic experiences were described by the ancient Egyptians
and Greeks, whilst references to deep sleep and anesthesia have been found in the Bible and
in the Jewish Talmud. In the mid-1700s, Franz Mesmer, an Austrian physician, developed his
theory of ‘animal magnetism’, which was the belief that the cause of disease was the
‘improper distribution of invisible magnetic fluids’. Mesmer used water tubs and magnetic
wands to direct these supposed fluids to his patients. In 1784, a French commission studied
Mesmer’s claims, and concluded that these ‘cures’ were only imagined by the patients.
However, people continued to believe in this process of ‘mesmerism’ and it was soon realized
that successful results could be achieved, but without the need for magnets and water.
B The term hypnotism was first used by James Braid, a British physician who studied suggestion
and hypnosis in the mid-1800s. He demonstrated that hypnosis differed from sleep, that it
was a physiological response and not the result of secret powers. During this same period,
James Esdaile, a Scottish doctor working in India, used hypnotism instead of anesthetic in
over 200 major surgical operation, including leg amputations. Later that century, a French
neurologist, Jean Charcot, successfully experimented with hypnosis in his clinic for nervous
disorders.
C
Since then, scientists have shown that the state of hypnosis is a natural human behavior,
which can affect psychological, social and/or physical experiences. The effects of hypnotism
depend on the ability, willingness and motivation of the person being hypnotized. Although
hypnosis has been compared to dreaming and sleepwalking, it is not actually related to sleep.
It involves a more active and intense mental concentration of the person being hypnotized.
Hypnotized people can talk, write, and walk about and they are usually fully aware of what is
being said and done.
There are various techniques used to induce hypnosis. The best-known is a series of simple
D
suggestions repeated continuously in the same tone of voice. The subject is instructed to
focus their attention on an object or fixed point, while being told to relax, breathe deeply, and
allow the eyelids to grow heavy and close. As the person responds, their state of attention
changes, and this altered state often leads to other changes. For example, the person may
experience different levels of awareness, consciousness, imagination, memory and reasoning
or become more responsive to suggestions. Additional phenomena may be produced or
eliminated such as blushing, sweating, paralysis, muscle tension or anaesthesia. Although
these changes can occur with hypnosis, none of these experiences is unique to it. People who
are very responsive to hypnosis are also more responsive to suggestions when they are not
hypnotized. This responsiveness increases during hypnotism. This explains why hypnosis
takes only a few seconds for some, whilst other people cannot be easily hypnotized.
It is a common misunderstanding that hypnotists are able to force people to perform criminal
E
or any other acts against their will. In fact, subjects can resist suggestions, and they retain
their ability to distinguish right from wrong. This misunderstanding is often the result of public
performances where subjects perform ridiculous or highly embarrassing actions at the
command of the hypnotist. These people are usually instructed not to recall their behavior
after re-emerging from the hypnotic state, so it appears that they were powerless wile
hypnotized. The point to remember however, is that these individuals chose to participate,
and the success of hypnotism depends on the willingness of a person to be hypnotized.
Interestingly, there are different levels of hypnosis achievable. Thus deep hypnosis can be
F
induced to allow anesthesia for surgery, childbirth or dentistry. This contrasts to a lighter
state of hypnosis, which deeply relaxes the patient who will then follow simple directions. This
latter state may be used to treat mental health problems, as it allows patients to feel calm
while simultaneously thinking about distressing feelings or painful memories. This can help
recovery from psychological conditions such as anxiety, depression or phobias. Sometimes,
G
Physicians also have made use of the ability of a hypnotized person to remain in a given
position for long periods of time. In one case, doctors had to graft skin onto a patient’s badly
damaged foot. First, skin from the person’s abdomen was grafted onto his arm; then the graft
was transferred to his foot. With hypnosis, the patient held his arm tightly in position over his
abdomen for three weeks, then over his foot for four weeks. Even though these positions
were unusual, the patient at no time felt uncomfortable!
H
Hypnosis occasionally has been used with witnesses and victims of crime to enable people to
remember important clues, such as a criminal’s physical appearance or other significant
details that might help to solve a crime. However, as people can both lie and make mistakes
while hypnotized, the use of hypnotism in legal situations can cause serious problems. Also
hypnosis cannot make a person divulge secret information if they don’t want to. This was
confirmed by that memories refreshed through hypnosis may include inaccurate information,
false memories, and confabulation (fact and fantasy combined).
Questions 14-28
Questions 14-18
The passage has eight section A-H. Choose the most suitable heading for sections B-F from
the list of headings below. Write the appropriate number (i-x).
There are more headings than sections, so you will not use all of them.
EXAMP Answer
Section A (x)
List of Headings
[14] Section B (i) Use of hypnotism in criminal cases
(ii) The normality of hypnotized subjects’
[15] Section C behavior
(iii) Early medical experiments with
[16] Section D hypnotism
(iv) Early association of hypnosis with
[17] Section E psychology
(v) Dangers of hypnotism
[18] Section F (vi) How to hypnotise
(vii) Hypnosis and free will
(viii) Difference between mesmerism and
hypnotism
Questions 19-23
Complete the notes on the history of hypnosis using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS FROM THE PASSAGE.
References to hypnotism can be found in both the Talmud and the [19] ………………….Even when Mesmer’s [20]
……………… were not used, successful results occurred without them. Braid identified hypnosis as a natural [21]
………………. response, rather than magical or mystical. Early psychological studies showed the difference
between sleep and hypnosis.
Successful hypnosis requires the subject’s active [22] ………………. Consequently subjects can speak or move
around and are [23] ………………… of their surroundings.
Questions 24-28
Choose the correct letter A-D.
Kids and
Sport
Two Italian psychologists, Vincenzo Marte and Giovanni Notarnicola, describe the
traditional spontaneous practice of sport by children – climbing trees, riding a
bicycle along quiet roads, racing their friends across the fields – as an activity of
freedom, a special activity of discovery and learning. In the case of free sporting
activity, the child’s time is given up entirely to the activity, as can be seen in
endless games of football young children play, which may then be followed by
bicycle races and/or a swim in the river, for example.
Today, however, children’s discovery of sport has become very different. It is often
parents who take their children, when they are very young, to the swimming pool or
to the sports grounds or sports halls. Children’s first experience of sport thus takes
place as an organized activity, which they see as organization of their free time. By
organizing sport for children, and often deciding for them, we unfortunately create
an imbalance preventing them from managing their own play/sports time, thus
denying them an opportunity of autonomy and independence as was possible in the
past.
A first possible reason for the imbalance in the practice of sport by children is
therefore linked to the urban society we live in today. We need not regret the past; it
is rather a question of knowing how to recreate this freedom in our towns and in the
country, where sport is increasingly based on organized leisure activities. Doing one
sport is now the rule in clubs. Sports grounds are often on the outskirts of cities, and
are overcrowded and invariably enclosed, while recreational areas such as parks or
hard-packed surfaces, are very few and far between. How can we find the balance
of a varied and spontaneous relationship to sport under such conditions?
Some interesting answers have already been suggested which take into account the
need to recreate this freedom. Marte and Notarnicola have shown that children who
have experienced such freedom were considered by sports trainers to be more
capable when they joined organized sport aged 12-13. Their study concluded that
no formal training, no matter how early in life it took place, could replace these first
experiences.
Measures which would reverse this imbalance include: increasing the number of
sports facilities which encourage self-organisation by the children, and also setting
up unstructured playing areas with little in the way of equipment. Areas where
street sport can be practiced need to be established and sports clubs which offer
multidisciplinary sports training should be supported. Children should be offered
pre-school activity where they can discover different sports.
Marte & Notarnicola define the spontaneous sporting games of children as activities of [29]
…………………. Because today sport is often decided and [30] ……………… by parents, children lose
their autonomy. A first imbalance occurs because [31]……………….. are out of the city and often
crowded, whilst there are a limited number of open recreational areas where children can play
spontaneously.
Children should discover and learn about sports themselves. The second imbalance occurs because they
start early [32] …………… training very young and participate in only [33]………… specific activity.
Children often give up a sport because of negative [34]…………….. It is important that trainers avoid
excessive criticism of young children may give up sport is the attitudes of their parents. This third
imbalance occurs as parents exer [36] ………………… on children to win rather than to enjoy sport.
Questions 37-40
Choose the correct letter A-D.
[39] To encourage young children to continue with sport we should give them…
Question 6-8
Choose the correct letter A-D.
6. How do we know that dogs have been more successful in evolutionary
terms than wolves?
A Dogs can be trained more easily than wolves.
B Wolves are stronger than dogs.
C Humans prefer dogs to wolves.
D There are more dogs than wolves today.
A increased.
B decreased.
C stayed the same.
D becomes more complex.
8. What can we infer from the studies of brain size and domestication?
A Domestic life is less demanding than surviving in the wild.
Question 9
Choose TWO WORDS FROM THE PASSAGE FOR THE ANSWER.
There are many different types of dogs today, because, in early times
humans began to
9. ___________Their animals for the characteristics they wanted.
Question 10-14
Match one of researchers (A-C) to each of the findings (10-14) below.
A Dr. Wayne
B Dr. Paxton
C Dr. Groves
10. Studied the brain size of domesticated animals
11. Claims that wolves chose to interact with humans
12. Established a new time frame for domestication of wolves
13. Believes that dogs and humans domesticated of wolves
14. Studied the DNA of wolves and dogs
17. The largest number of crop circle reporting’s in a single year occurred in
1990.
18. The patterns of crop circles have become increasingly complex over the
years.
Question 20-23
Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS
FROM THE PASSAGE for each answer.
Since the early 1970’s, over ten thousand crop circles have been around the
world, the greatest number in [20]_________, where in a single year, over one
hundred circles appeared. Phenomenon such as appearance of strange light
and unusual [22] _____________ sometimes occur around the sites of crop
circles. [22] __________ are not affected but it has been observe that birds
[23] _____________ flying over a formation.
Question 24-27
QUESTION 28-40
Question 28-33
Use the information in the passage to match the people (A-C) with the
opinions (28-33) listed below. There are many be more than one correct
answer.
A R. Kaplan, author of The Coming Anarchy
B M. Gee, author of Apocalypse Deferred
C D. Suzuki, author of this passage
28. Our patterns of consumption are using up the ecological capital of the
planet.
29. Crises beginning in the Third World will spread of developed countries.
30. Scientific progress will enable the planet to sustain increased population.
31. Social and political infrastructure worldwide could collapse.
32. Earth’s life support systems are at critical risk.
33. Environmental problems are not a threat to progress.
Question 34-36
LIST OF PHRASES
A have not benefited developing countries
B has led to a drop in the standard of living generally
C cannot continue to expand indefinitely
D have decreased third world debt
E shows a correlation, not cause and effect
F pose a threat to human progress
G has been accompanied by a fall in tariffs
Question 37-40
Choose the correct letter A-D
37. Which of the following is NOT stated by Kaplan as key contributing factor
to potential global destabilization?
A political corruption
B collapse of ecosystems
C population explosion
D malnutrition and disease
38. What is the main source of Gee’s optimism?
A scientific and technological advance
B decreasing Third World debt
C the rise in the standard of living worldwide
D economic growth
39. Which of the following can we infer about the views of the author of this
passage?
A He disagrees with both Gee and Kaplan.
B He supports the view of Gee.
C His views are closer to those of Kaplan.
LAKE
VOSTOK
Beneath the white blanket of Antarctica lies half a continent of virtually uncharted
territory-an area so completely hidden that scientists have little clue what riches
await discovery. Recently, Russian and British glaciologists identified an immense
lake- one of Earth’s largest and deepest-buried beneath 4,000 meter of ice
immediately below Russia’s Vostok Station.
As details have emerged. A growing number of scientists is showing interest, with
dozens of investigators keen to explore the feature, known as Lake Vostok. A thick
layer of sediment at the bottom of the lake could hold novel clues to the planet’s
climate going back tens of millions of year. By looking at the ratio of different
oxygen isotopes, scientists should be able to trace how Earth’s temperature
changed over the millennia. NASA has expressed interest in Lake Vostok because of
its similarity to Europa. This moon of Jupiter appears to have a water ocean covered
by a thick ice sheet, measuring perhaps tens of kilometers in depth. If hydrothermal
vents exist beneath the ice, chemical reactions on Europa or places even more
distant, say many scientists. Though cheap compared with a European mission, any
expedition to Vostok would represent a significant investment.
Vostok Station holds the uncomfortable distinction of having recorded the coldest
temperature on Earth. Thermometers there measure -89.6°C in July 1983, and the
Questions 1-13
Question 1-4
The passage has 5 sections (A-E) choose the most suitable heading for
sections B-E from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers
(i-vii). There are more headings than the section so you will not use all of
them.
i. Cost of exploration
ii. Location and description of the lake
iii. Potential for living organism in the lake
iv. Challenges of exploration
v. Discovery of the fake
vi. Possible sources of nutrients to support life
vii. Types of organisms in the lake
viii. Scientific interest in Lake Vostok
1. Section B
3. Section D
4. Section E
Question 5-6
LIST OF WORDS
Jaws grow animal
Kills eats poisons
Question 18-21
Fill in the blanks with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS FROM THE
PASSAGE.
Conditions which favor the growth of toxic algae include high levels of [18]
_________, and [19] _____________ fish feeding together. Research scientist at
the international conference learned about [20] __________ toxic algae and
how they are spreading around the world in water [21] _____________
Question 22-26
Classify the following as:
A caused by pfiesteria
B caused by chattonella
C caused by an unidentified micro-organism
Mysteries of the
Mummies
In 1992, a German scientist made a discovery which was to upset whole
areas of scientific study from history and archeology to chemistry and
botany. Dr. Svetlana Balabanova, a forensic specialist, was performing tissue
tests on an Egyptian mummy, part of a German museum collection. The
mummified remains were of a woman named Henut-Taui who had died over
3,000 years ago. Amazingly, the tests revealed that her body contained large
quantities of cocaine and nicotine. Dr. Balabanova had regularly used the
same testing methods to convict people of drug consumption but she had
not expected to find nicotine and coca in an Ancient Egyptian mummy. It is
Questions 27-40
Question 27-29
Choose the correct letter A-D
27. What most surprised Dr. Balabanova about her discovery?
A The presence of drugs in the mummies
B The fact that the plants originated in the western hemisphere
C The positive results of tests on the other mummies
D the hostile reaction of the scientific community
28. Which of the following was ruled out by Dr. Lescot’s investigation?
Match ONE of the researchers (A-D) to each of the statements (30-34) below.
There may be more than one correct answer.
A Dr. Svetlana Balabanova
B Dr. Michele Lescot
C Professor John Baines
D Professor Martin Bernal
30. First to first a substance from the Americas in a mummy.
31. Argues against transoceanic trade because of lack of evidence.
32. Had to defend against attacks on research methodology.
33. Gives evidence of extensive Egyptian trade in ancient times.
34. Publication of research results was controversial.
Question 35 – 39
Do the following statements reflect the opinions of the writer in the passage?
Write:
YES if the statement reflects the opinion of the writer.
NO if the statement contradicts the writer.
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this.
[35] There is proof that tobacco was grown in Ancient Egypt.
[36] Trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean may have existed thousands of
years ago.
[37] Ancient Egyptians were great ship builders.
[38] The scientific community generally rejects the idea of contract between
ancient Egypt and the Americas.
[39] The unusual test results could have come from ‘qat’, a plant native to
North Africa.
Question 40
Choose the correct letter A-D
[40] What is the main idea of this passage?
Find out any other meanings when the word(s) is used in a different
context.
Write a few examples using the word or expression.
Make sure that you will understand the meaning if you read it in
another test.
Collect synonyms.
Note down words or phrases from the reading, with the same meaning
as different words used in the question.
Practice spending no more than 20 minutes per section, aim for less.
Don’t waste marks (remember?) so be sure you get all the easier
answers correct.
Don’t spend too long on one question, mark it and come back later.
First read the topic sentences. These should tell you what the paragraphs
about.
If the topic sentence and the heading seem similar, then read the paragraph
slowly and carefully to check that they go together.
First skim to find which part of the text seems to be about that information.
When you locate that part of the text, scan carefully for the specific detail
you need.
NB there will always be an answer that is wrong, but put into try and tempt
you, (the red herring answer) so double check that you’ve chosen the right
one!
If the questions ask for the name of a place, city, country, street,
person or organization, they’re quite easy to find because they always
start with a capital letter.
Don’t panic! Try to guess from the nouns and verbs around it.
Look for words likely similarly or in contrast to or unlikely which may help
you.
4. 42
.
5.
6.
Writing test 1 – 6
Activities and sample answer for each writing task
Each writing test consist of two tasks to be completed in 1 hour.
Task 1
Write a report describing a diagram or table.
Time: 20 minutes
Length: 15o words minimum
What skills are needed?
Read and understand the diagram/table
Task 2
Here’s what IELTS examiners have to say about some of the most common
problems they see in writing test along with suggestions for improvement.
Problems
Timing
Task 2 answers unfinished if too much time is spent on task 1.
Too short
If you write less than the minimum numbers of words for either task you will
lose marks
Write legibly!
More about task 1 and how to do it
Task 1 is about describing information given in the form of a pie chart table
graph or process diagram flow chart. The differences are outlined below. In
the report you may add an opinion or comment in the conclusion but the
main task is to summarize and describe. Often a task 1 will combine two
types of diagrams. Write about both and show the relationship between
them.
Think first
Pie charts/graphs, tables
Read and highlight / underline key words related to (1) the topic and
(2) the task.
KEY WORDS
Idea
Idea Example
Idea
Example
Or
Using Questions
Key Word
The more you practice, the fast and more proficient you will become.
Remember!
First plan WHAT you want to say:
How many paragraphs
What supporting evidence/ideas to include
What order to put them in
Introduction
What kind of diagram is it? These…………show changes in world
population.
What do the charts show? ………..1900 and 2000. The major regions
Over what time period? ………..represented as percentages of the
total
How are the regions shown? ………..population.
Description
Where did the most significant From 19000……….2000 Africa’s
percentage of world
Change occur between 1900 population………from 4.5% to 10% while
Latin
And 2000? ………..grew from 3% to 8% of world…………
Conclusion
What was the actual change in Overall, this represents a huge
………….in the
Population? Number of humans on the …………, from 1600
Over what period? Million to 6 billion …………just one
hundred years.
What does this show? Most of this …………..growth has
occurred in developing…………
Increase(d) ______________________
Decrease(d) ______________________
(162
words)
Comments
The pie chart and body of the report deal with percentages of
population, not the actual number of people. Be sure you understand
the difference.
The actual change in the number of people in the world between 1900
and 2000 (1,600 million to 6 billion) is only mentioned in the
conclusion.
WRITING TEST 1
TASK 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
2 Before or After?
Do these little words in the sample answer refer to things stated before (B) or
after (A) them?
These might present B/A many of these problems
B/A
such anxious moments B/A it is possible to… B/A
it might be helpful B/A
3 Synonyms
Summarize the information by choosing and reporting the key features, and
make any relevant comparisons.
Description
Which countries show the The …….dramatic changes are
…….in Italy,
Greatest change? Japan, France and Canada.
For 1970, which country has In 1970 Italy …….the highest
savings the highest rate of saving? 29.5% …….by
France …….18.7% and then
(From highest to lowest) Japan with 17.6%. Canada had
the……-5.6%
Complete these activities based on the sample answer to build writing skills
for Task 1 questions.
1 Sequencing statistics
Use these 5 expressions to complete a mini-text about five countries, A to E:
in last place, followed by, leading, next, close behind
Mini-text
A is the ………… country, …………B. C is ……….., with D………… . ……… is E
2 Synonyms
Which expressions in the sample answer have the same meaning?
Expression Sample answer expression
Most significant ………………………………
Comments
Step 3 Think it through Put your ideas in order before you start to write.
Introduction agree almost 100% (opinion based on
evidence define climate
change
Paragraph topics 1. Pollution e.g.…
1. Compressing Information
Academic writing tries to express information economically.
Find the expressions in the sample answer which use fewer words but
mean the same as:
The levels of the worlds’ seas
e.g. ……………… (2 words)
……………………
……………………
3. Use of “This”
What does ‘this’ refer to?
(para 2) “This is probably related to…’ This refers to:
……………………………………………..
(para 2) “This keeps factories operating…’ This refers to:
……………………………………….
test 3 task
1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task
The diagrams below show how chocolate is made and how the price of a
chocolate bar is divided up among those involved in the process.
Summarize the information by choosing and reporting the key features, and
make any relevant comparisons.
Write at least 150 words.
How chocolate is made
SUGAR
And other
ingredients
COCOA
CHOCOLATE BAR
GRINDING
INDUSTRIAL CHOCOLATE
COCOA
LIQOUR
COCOA
BUTTER
PRESSING
FOOD
INDUSTRY
WASTE COCOA
POWDER
Comments
1. Use of Passives
Put the passive form of these verbs to complete these phrases using
the sample answer:
Feed care for love give restrict keep impose require abandon
…pets are f…………..and c……………. and I ………………
It is easy to see how much attention is ………………..
The freedoms are increasingly.
These restrictions have been …a…………
…pet owners are ….. to clean up …
… dogs and cats that have been ………….. by owners
2. Connecting expression
Find the missing connecting expressions indicated for each paragraph.
(NOT ’and’)
(para 1) / …………..
(para 2) / in return / not only, but/ ……………/
(para 3) /……………../ no longer, but/ …………../…………
(para 4) ………………./ ………………
3. Compressing Language
Find the expression in the sample answer for:
Dogs and cats can be wonderful companions but there are also a number of
problems associated with pet ownership, both for the animals and for the
community.
In the best situations pets are fed, cared for and loved as part of a family. It
is easy to see how much attention is given to pets, by the range of products
available in the pet section of supermarkets. In return, cats and dogs
contribute to the well being of the community in many ways. Dogs are useful
for protection and serve as guides for the disabled. People with pets are not
Comments
Task words: ‘Many people keep dogs and cats…’ Paraphrase:
‘Dogs and cats can be wonderful companions.’
This essay is organized into 2 paragraphs:
advantages/disadvantages. Each paragraph includes 2 aspects –
for the pet, for the community. Each point has an example to
support it.
The argument balances positives and negatives and the
conclusion reflects both sides.
Description (Graph 2)
How to signal the change Turning……..alcohol consumption, the
story
of topic and make a general ……..different
comment?
.
What is the best order to put The number of……..per capita consumed
by Holland the information in? and the……..increased
sharply between 1960 and ……..form
around 4 liters per……..in Holland
about……..in 1980 and the form nearly
Which counties have a similar 8 liters to……..than 10 in the USA in
1980.
trend? Thereafter……..Countries’ consumption
declined……..to around 8
liters……..the USA in 2000 and
10 in Holland.
Complete these activities based on the sample answer to build writing skills
for Task 2 questions:
1. Synonyms
To communicate/ to contact/ to be connected / to overcome/
to stay in touch
Rates/cases/ levels
For example/via/like/such as
2. Compressing information
Which shorter expressions in the sample answer mean the same as:
The rate at which people are getting divorced (Find 2 words)
The amounts of stress that are being experienced(2)
Websites on the internet where people can make dates with one
another(3)
The age in which there is a lot of information available(2)
A call on the telephone(2)
The levels at which people use the internet(4)
3. Could this be used instead?
Could the expression on the right directly replace the expression in the
sample answer?
Answer Yes or No
Expression in the sample answer Could this be
used instead?
In this way … (para2) After this,…(Y/N)
For example ( para 2) For instance… (Y/N)
Similarly … (para 2) In a similar way… (Y/N)
Even so… (para 4) Nevertheless… (Y/N)
…therefore… (para 4) …so… (Y/N)
N
Jett
y Fisherme
n’s
Cottages
Lighthou
se Cafe
N
Lighthouse Keeper’s
house
Shop
Ferry
Wharf
HOTE
L
Restauran
t
Apartmen
Car park
Supermar
ket
IELTS ON TRACK
Telecommuni ACADEMIC
Hotel
cations
Ferry Wharf Sailing
PLAN YOUR ANSWER
Analyze the task
Think it through
Description
Introduction
What do diagrams show?
Diagram 1
What was there in 1950?
Diagram 2
What additional structures are there now?
Diagram 3
What new structures are planned?
Conclusion
What final observation summarize the data?
TEST 5 TASK 1
Look at the question, title and subtitle.
Highlight key words.
Ask questions to find the information you need. Then use the gapped sample
answer as guide.
The diagrams of the coastal area of Bright Sea illustrate….. Development
from a fishing community in 1950 to a…. terminal, with plans for future…
In 1950 the coastal zone of Bright Sea…. Undeveloped….. Just a lighthouse
and lighthouse keeper’s house…… was a jetty for fishing boats, and……..
Few cottages.
Currently, it can be…. That certain developments have taken place. For
example, roads… been constructed and there is a hotel near the lighthouse.
Write the appropriate preposition for each sentence from the sample answer.
Complete the passive verb forms from the sample answer using
PASSIV
the verbs in brackets()
…it can ………… …………. (see).
…roads have …….. ……….. (construct)
The hotel is to ………. ………… (extend)
A second, ferry wharf will be ………. (add)
… and the shop …….. by a supermarket and car park. (replace)
Comments
The paragraph structure of this report is simple, with each diagram
allocated a separate paragraph.
The use of verb tenses is challenging in this type of report about
changes across different time points. The first diagram requires the
simple past tense, with the present/ present perfect/ present
continuous forms needed for the second diagram. The third diagram
requires some future tense forms. The final paragraph summary uses a
mixture of tenses.
The report uses synonyms well. ( Examples: show / illustrate; area /
zone; growth/development; build/construct; replace/supersede)
The summary paragraph can be shortened if more time is needed for
Task 2.
Conclusion
SAMPLE ANSWER
Almost daily there are reports of new advances in medicine. In the developed
world certainly, the prognosis for many medical problems is more optimistic
today than ten years ago and continues to improve. But these developments
in health care are very expensive, and it is questionable whether countries
can afford to continue to increase spending on health. Many believe that it
would be better to spend more preventing people from becoming unwell in
the first place, and reduce the amount spent on curing ill health.
As many modern diseases are a consequence of our lifestyles, one way of
making savings to the health budget would be to educate people about how
to prevent expensive health problems such as diabetes or heart disease.
Most medical doctors today do not have the time to (nor are they paid to)
teach patients how to make these changes to their lifestyle through diet or
exercise.
It is understandable that when people are sick they want the best medical
treatment possible, with access to the latest diagnostic equipment,
expensive MRI scanners, for example. If the problem is life threatening then
we demand complex operations such as open-heart surgery or organ
transplants. Such procedures usually require intensive nursing care and
lengthy periods of hospitalization, which are costly.
fish
ons
ers
3. USA
of
4. China
5. Denmark
6. Canada
7. Taiwan
YOUR ANSWER
Paragraph topics
Conclusion
SAMPLE ANSWER
It is true that there is increasing pressure on schools today to prepare their
students for work in the twenty-first century. As a result, physical education
is losing ground on the school curriculum to employment- related subjects
like business. While many see this shift as inevitable. I would argue that
physical education is a vital part of the school program and should be
maintained. Sport and PE add variety to the curriculum, broaden the
students’ experience and teach essential life skills.
Within the school day, students need physical activity to balance the long
hours spent sitting at desks. PE provides a break from the mental focus of
academic subjects. A good PE program should include a variety of sports plus
non-competitive activities like dance and aerobics so that students can
experience exercise as both challenging and fun.
There is a growing concern among parents and educators about obesity in
children. Many young people have a sedentary lifestyle that revolves around
TV, computers and being driven in cars. Physical education ensures that all
students get some form of regular exercise during the school day. In addition
they learn about the importance of liking after their bodies.
UNIT 4 SPEAKING
WHAT’S AHEAD…
IN THE SPEAKING UNIT
The IELTS Speaking Test
Fast Track Speaking
Instructions for Test Practice
Speaking Test 1 ( CD1)
Questions and activities
Speaking Test 2 ( CD2)
Questions and activities
More Practice Questions
EXAMINERS' SUGGESTIONS
Here are some typical problems and questions that come up when students
prepare for the Speaking Test, along with suggestions for improvement.
What happen if…?
... I don't understand a question.
... I don't understand even after the question has been repeated.
You can just say Tm sorry, I still don't understand'. The interviewer will move
on to another question.
FASTRACK SPEAKING
INSTRUCTIONS FOR TEST PRACTICE
There are
TWO
Speaking
2 sample
Tests
Next...
Go back to the interview questions for Test 1.
Record your answers.
If possible, get a friend to ask you the questions and record the whole
interview.
SPEAKING TEST 1-
[1] Set questions
Topic 1: FAMILY
Do you come from a large or a small family? Do all your family live in the
same town or city? How often do you see your brothers and sisters? (or your
family?) Do you have a lot in common with them?
SHORT TALK
Topic 2: FRIENDS
Do you have lots of friends or just a few special friends? Can you say
something about one or two of them? What kinds of things do you and your
friends like to do together? Are you a person who enjoys spending time
alone?
TOPIC CARD
Describe a favorite shop or store. You should say: where it is and what it
looks like what it sells what you like to buy there and say why you like the
shop so much.
Topic 3: TRAVEL
Which other countries have you visited? Which other countries are you
interested in visiting? Why? What are some of the things you don't like about
travelling?
Topic 1: FAMILY
Here is Zsuzso’s topic card. Imagine you are being interviewed. Write your
notes for each part of the topic during the 1-minute planning time on CD 1.
Listen to Zsuzos’s talk. Match her vocabulary with the appropriate meaning.
Vocabulary Meaning
Treasure hunt look for great things to buy OR look for expensive antiques
p.188
Circle the 3 activities Zsuzso mentions.
Buy presents / try on clothes / listen to pop music / go to the mall / have coffee
Underline the‘Filler language’Zsuzso uses in(A)while she is thinking about what to say. Then
complete the shorter version (B)which makes her expression more direct.
‘So it wasn’t a luxury to sort of shop every day it was a necessary sort of making choices I
suppose was very hard but we had to’.
‘So it wasn’t a _______________ to shop every day. It was ______________ to make choices. It was
____________ but we had to do it’.
Her grammatical range and accuracy are good but probably her
weakest feature. She still has a number of slight errors in her speech
and over-relies on certain forms (e.g. however). On the other hand, she
uses a good range of grammatical forms with ease and can move
between formal and less formal expression without a problem.
p.189
SPEAKING TEST 2 – INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Part 1 Set questions
Topic 1: FAMILY
Do you come from a large or a small family? Do all your family live in
the same town or city? How often do you see your brothers and
sisters? (Or your family?) Do you have a lot in common with them?
Topic 2: WEEKENDS
Are your weekends generally busy or relaxed? What kind of things do
you usually do at the weekend? What would you like to do in your time
off if you could choose? Do you ever go away on your days off?
Topic 3: EXERCISE
What kind of outdoor activities or exercise do you like? Are there any
sports you don’t like? Why? Do you think it’s important to keep fit?
What are the best ways to keep fit?
p. 190
SPEAKING TEST 2:
WEN Wen (Wayne) comes from Taiwan. He is
on study leave from his job in
banking. And is working
Towards a PhD in International
Business.
Listening Activities
First, read through the activities for Part 1 of the interview.
Then listen and complete each task. Do the same for parts
2 and 3. Finally, check your answers in the transcript.
(Pp.223-224)
Topic 1: FAMILY
Write the missing information:
Number of members: _______________
Where they live: ___________________
How often they see each other
Brother: ____________
Sister: _____________ ______________
What they have in common: ___________________ ________________
Topic 2: WEEKENDS
Complete the missing information.
Wen’s activities:
1__________________________ ______________
2__________________________
3__________________________
p.191
Part 3 Study the activities. Then answer as you listen.
Wen demonstrates a reasonable level of speaking overall. His ideas are complex and
interesting but his speaking is affected by his first language and culture.
His fluency is quite good – he responds quickly and can use filler language. But, he also
hesitates occasionally and his explanations sometimes lack the development expected
by an assessor (e.g. in Part 1, talking about his siblings, ‘…we are quite different
because one of my brothers is businessman’).
Grammar is Wen’s greatest weakness. Regular inaccuracy with articles and tenses
reduces speaking effectiveness and causes strain for the listener. Also, he lacks range
and flexibility of expression.
Wen’s vocabulary is interesting. He can use complex expressions (e.g. culture shock,
dynasty, evaluate) but sometimes struggles to find the right form of a word (e.g.
‘makes me health’ for healthy).
P. 194
Topic: music
What kinds of music do you enjoy listening to?
When do you listen to music?
Have you ever learned to play a musical instrument? (Which one? / Why not? )
Do you find it easy to talk on the phone in another language? (Why? / Why not?)
TOPIC CARD
SOMETHING YOU MADE OR CREATED
Talk about something you have made or created.
What is was
What steps you took to complete it and say how you felt about making it.
TOPIC CARD
A MARKET YOU LIKE
Describe a market that you like.
p.196
Are school uniforms better than free choice of clothes for school?
What should people do with their old clothes to prevent waste?
What is more important – being original or being able to follow instructions well?
Will people in the future have more opportunities for creative pursuits or less?
Will markets be replaced more and more by huge shopping malls and big supermarkets?
Is the trend towards huge supermarkets a bad thing for smaller towns and cities?
Are people too concerned about buying and not concerned enough about caring?
TOPIC CARD
AN INTERESTING JOURNEY BY PLANE
Talk about an interesting journey you made by plane. You should say:
What you didn’t enjoy about the flight and say why you found the journey interesting
TOPIC CARD
A FAVORITE BOOK FROM CHILDHOOD
Talk about a book that you liked when you were a child.
What it is about
Does travel broaden the mind or is it just an excuse for buying souvenirs, sightseeing and status
seeking?
When do you think there will be possibilities to travel to the moon or mars?
QUICK GUIDE…
Reading
Writing
Speaking
‘QUICK GUIDE’ TO A HIGHER IELTS
TEST SCORE
Managing your test performance
THE PROBLEM: IELTS test takers often say, ‘I need a higher score!’
Increasing numbers of IELTS candidates are taking the IELTS test for the second, third, fourth… or
even tenth time! They need a higher score but don’t achieve it.
BUILD FITNESS For the reading test—a weekly program for busy test takers:
Days 1, 2, 3 Choose one different passage from a full practice IELTS Academic test each day for three
days.
- Answer all the questions and check the time it took each day (max. 20 minutes).
- Then check the answers each day and work out why incorrect answer was wrong.
Day 4 On day 4 repeat the process using the same text from Day 1 but this time complete your
answers in 5 minutes less time that the first time. This repeat practice helps you to get the feeling of
doing a test section faster and more easily—this will motivate you and increase your confidence to
manage & complete things under time pressure.
Day 5, 6 on days 5 and 6, repeat, using passages 2 and 3 from days 2 and 3.
Day 7 Do the whole Reading test, 60 minutes maximum—using passages 1,2 and 3 of the academic
test that you used on days 1-6.
The following week-Start a new sequence of practice with new test material and gradually remove
the repeat element until finally you do a previously unseen, complete reading test in 60 minutes with
no break. Practice and understand all the major reading task types. Test practice books like this
one will include examples of most of these. Work out how each task type functions, what each task
type demands and its difficult aspects. Take control and manage your IELTS ‘fitness training’.
The main social task in the IELTS speaking test is to bring both the assessor and
candidate closer together, in a sense of ‘cooperative connection’. This means
that each helps the other to make the situation friendly and mutually successful.
Music: The assessor will feel comfortable, the more your spoken English echoes
the music of the language that native speakers are used to hearing, which
means:
- Appropriate rises and falls in your voice,
- Good stress on the right sounds
- Not too fast, not too slow
- Appropriate pausing
- Very little hesitation or self-correction
- Neither too loud nor too soft
- Good rhythm and flow of sound
- Clear and accurate, individual sounds
- Good grouping of ‘chunks of meaning.
How to connect with the assessor at each stage of the Speaking Test
1) Connecting during the introduction
- When the assessor invites you into the room, it’s useful to put your passport
or test ID on the table so that it is ready.
- Don’t try to say much while getting seated, just smile and look pleasant
and respond to anything the assessor asks or says (Sometimes test
candidates try to chat to the assessor by saying things like, ‘How are you
today?’ at this point but really the assessor just wants to get on with the
interview efficiently).
- The assessor isn’t a police officer, so say your name in a friendly way. If
your name is really difficult for assessors to identify or repeat properly, give
them a short or simple first name to call you during the interview.
- While seated, look interested and connected, not nervous or tired. Make
friendly eye contact, smile and be polite when asked for your passport or
other ID.
Keep in step and keep in time with the first 12 questions (3 topics)
On average about 15 seconds is an appropriate length for each of your answers in
order to ‘keep in step’ with the rhythm of this section.
- If you take a long time answering (either because of hesitation or going into
too much detail) then the assessor feels pressure because there is not
enough time to ask all the other questions.
- Similarly, if your answers are too short, the assessor will get to the end of the
questions before the minimum time is up for the 3 topics (4 minutes).
So, keep in step with the time boundaries and make the assessor more
comfortable.
Don’t use memorized answers or memorized material at any stage. Why
not?
It is very easy for the assessor to recognize memorized answers and they:
- Often take up too much time
- Frustrate the assessor
- Create a bad impression—you are not conversing in a real way, you are being
false!
Don’t be frightened to ask for a question to be repeated
The assessor has to read the questions from a printed page so if you don’t
understand the question the assessor can’t explain it to you. You can ask for the
questions to be repeated, however. This is much better than remaining silent.
You can say:
“Sorry, I didn’t quite catch that. Could you repeat the question, please?’
If you still don’t understand the question after it is read to you again, just say:
‘I’m sorry but I still don’t quite follow the question’.
Try to extend your answers a little to use the 15 seconds or so.
Why? This makes you seem more interesting, friendlier, and less robotic.
Example:
Assessor’s question: Were you a good student at school?
Answer A: Yes I was a good student at school. (too brief, repeats question words)
Answer B:Most of the time I was, yes …especially at primary school …. But at high
school… I had a period when I was a bit rebellious… and occasionally I got into
trouble for not doing my homework and arriving late.
Be yourself
The interview is testing your ability at spoken English but that English is
spoken at YOU, so don’t forget to be yourself and not be too
frightened or too ‘hidden’
Example:
Assessor’s question: ‘Do you think weddings are really necessary?’
Answer A: (too short, not flowing) ‘Weddings are necessary. Weddings are a
tradition; they make parents happy’.
Answer B (longer, but still too staccato); ‘Yes. They are necessary. Your
family needs to follow traditions. It is a bad thing not to get married. It brings
shame. It shows you are not serious about your life. You need to please your
parents. Weddings help you do this’.
Answer C (longer and more fluent): They seem to be important even
though they may not be completely necessary, because, for a start, they
enable a couple to show a public commitment to each other in front of their
family and friends, which helps them to feel supported when making a big
decision, and besides that, the couple can feel they are part of a long and
honorable tradition in their society, while at the same time pleasing their
parents’.
- It can be useful and adds variety to give examples from your own life
occasionally if that makes it easier for you to communicate your
viewpoint.
Example: ‘I’ll give you an example from my own experience. One of my close
friends and his partner are not married and have never had a wedding, and
because of this, I don’t think they feel as connected to their family’.
Don’t be either too formal or too informal during this part of the
interview. You should be a little more relaxed now because you know the
assessor just a little better. It’s the part of the test in which you can be a little
friendlier and allow your fluency and intonation to communicate this. Avoid
ling silence or long hesitations.
Build precision into your explanation of words or ideas. How?
- Put some variety into your choice of sentence types and vocabulary use.
- Avoid repetition as this rarely adds anything new and doesn’t build variety
- Build precision by using expressions which enable you to paraphrase and
extend an idea or viewpoint.
Example: ‘I’m a bit anti-weddings. By this I suppose I mean that I’ve seen many of
my friends’ marriages fail so I’m a little pessimistic about expensive, ‘showy’
ceremonies and what they seem to represent. In other words, today there seems to
be too much emphasis on display and perhaps not enough attention to deep
meaning’.
When the interview ends, just thank the assessor and say goodbye
politely and briefly. Don’t be ‘too polite’ – the interviewer may sense
that you are trying to leave a favourable impression and are being false. So,
be polite, but genuine.
Be brief- assessors are busy, and under pressure to complete their
candidate list.
Don’t ask questions about your performance after the interview has
finished. The assessor cannot discuss this and will not be impressed by your
question, but embarrassed, as it seems inappropriate. It may damage the
cooperative connection you have built up in the previous 11-14 minutes.
APPENDIX
LISTENING
Note: Slash ‘/’ indicate alternative answers. Brackets ‘(…)’ indicate optional details
TEST 1
Section 1
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. C
5. A
6. Advertise
7. Donate
8. (a) quote
9. Charity
10.Sell
TEST 2Section 1
1.
Johnstone
2. 126
3. 0414 847 749
4. (about) 10
5. (Uncle’s) shop (work)
6. C
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. E
11. C
Holds over 55 people, and our highly qualified and trained staff can advise you as
to which class might suit you. We are inviting you to a free one week trial period
when you can come and try any of the classes or activities before you make the
decision to join. By the way there is also a large and very well equipped gym, where
we offer free fitness assessments and you can have an individual program designed
just for you. Also cardio vascular room has the latest range of machines which help
you burn fat, increase your fitness or just warm up. They’re very popular as you can
forget all about the calorie burning by watching your favorite music videos on TV
while you exercise! Right now we have a very special new member joining fee offer,
which allows two memberships for the price of one, a real bargain! So if you can,
bring along a friend who’d like to get fit as well, in time for summer. Come along
and try us out. You can meet the staff, try out some of the classes for a week,
absolutely free, and then if you like us sign up for only $110 each for six months.
Thanks for taking the time to learn about the Centre and I hope we’ll see you there
soon. Heidi. I’ll put one of our brochures in the mail for you right now. Bye for now…
SECTION 3
Two business studies students, Evelyn and Mark, preparing for a seminar
presentation
E Well I think the marketing of food would be a good topic. I read a very interesting
article other day about the Canadian food market.
M Mm I suppose everybody’s interested in food, even if it’s trying NOT to eat. Why
Canada? I know that’s where you come from, but isn’t just all North America really?
E No, that’s why I thought this article was interesting. Although lots of US
companies are well established in Canada, and vice versa, there are still subtle
differences between the two markets, It says here ‘the Canadian market is definitely
not a northern clone of the US’ I like that. And it says that if you understand these
differences, it can have a big impact on successful food marketing.
M So I know that Canada has a big French-speaking population in Quebec, is this
what they’re referring to?
E Not only French and English speakers, they are many different ethnic groups in
Canada. It’s really quite multicultural. For example Toronto has large Asian and
Italian populations, and Vancouver’s got a large Asian population too. And because
Canada’s population is small, these groups make quite and impact, introducing new
styles of cooking,. So you can see lots of unfamiliar vegetables and things in the
markets and new restaurants are opening every day. It’s great if you love trying out
new foods, as many people do!
M Which kinds of food are becoming popular?
E Well some Asian food I’d say has been popular for quite a while like Chinese. But
now South East Asian restaurants are becoming very fashionable, Then there’s
Mediterranean of course, Such as greek, Italian and so on, but Caribbean and
Mexican food is really taking off among young people these days.
M So are the supermarkets starting to stock the ingredients that are needed to
prepare these foods at home, you know, all those unusual condiments and sauces?
E Yes, that’s right, it’s quite interesting going to the supermarket isn’t it, and
noticing how they’re introducing sections for foods or different nationalities – you
can buy quite exotic products locally these days. The article mentioned that 80% of
the Canadian retail market is controlled by eight major national supermarket chains,
so that when they introduce changes they can happen quite rapidly.
M Ok well how are we going to organize this seminar then?
E I made some notes on the trends in the Canadian market, about changing tastes
and also patterns for where food is consumed. I thought maybe we could summaries
it into a chart or table and maybe use the overhead projector to present it.
M Good idea. Maybe I could have a look for similar trends and tastes in Australia
and the UK for comparison. Let’s have a look at what you found.
(Pause)
E The most significant trend it seemed to me, was Canadians are definitely
interested in healthy food. For example, did you know hat salads are the third most
commonly eaten food in Canadian restaurant?
M Really! What about organic food then, is that becoming more popular?
E Yes, it’s definitely moving into the mainstream, compared to a few years ago.
And, a recent survey showed that 4 out of 5 shoppers said that they check the fat
and nutritional information on the packet when they are deciding what to buy.
M What other trends did you find out?
E There’s one change I noticed straight away when I was home last year, in the
meat department. You know here the meat packaging says ‘rump steak’ or
‘forequarter chops’ and so on? Well they discovered that most consumers these
days didn’t know what to do with these roasts. And pounds and ribs, so the
government approved a new naming system for cuts of meat, which is related ti the
required cooking technique.
M What a good idea. I’ve never really understood the difference between sirloin,
rump, round and all those names. So how many categories are there?
E Eight. There are three kinds of steak – for grilling, for marinating and for
simmering, and then there’s what they call ‘quick serve’ beef, for stir fries I
suppose, and premium oven roast, oven roast, pot roast and stewing beef. It’s a
great idea isn’t it? I hope it catches on here.
M I agree! Any other trends that you thought were significant?
E Well what’s really interesting is what the article called ‘mobile meals’. In other
words more and more Canadians are eating meals away from home, but NOT just
eating more junk food. They are projecting a 40% increase in snack food sales over
the next three years and the growth is coming from healthy snacks- you know the
ones that have less cholesterol and fat, such as muesli bars, health food bars are
those types of products. Apparently in the food marketing jargon they are called
“nutritious portable foods” which means healthy snacks! The other major trend is
that young people are doing more of the food shopping these days so marketing has
to be aimed more at them, as well as more conventionally at the mother.
M Thanks Evelyn, I think we’ll have an interesting discussion about these trends
and the comparisons with other English speaking countries. I’ll see if I can get some
information about them to compare with yours, and meet you on Friday to put it
together.
E See you then, bye.
SECTION 4
A talk given by Doctor Miranda James and introduced by the President of Overseas
Students’ Association
Good afternoon everybody and welcome to the first series of talks we have
arranged for the Overseas Students’ Association this semester. Doctor James has
very kindly agreed to speak to us today on the topic of public speaking, and judging
from the large numbers of you here it is clearly a subject of great interest and
relevance. Dr james
Section 2
An Overseas Student Officer talking to some new students about arrangements for
an excursion to Ironbridge, in England.
Hello everyone, my name is Pamela Sutcliffe and most of you already know that Fro
the Overseas Student Officer here at Salopian Technical College. Next Tuesday, the
28th September, we have arranged an excursion for all new students, to the
important historical town of Ir<-' - We are hoping yoi'" -me because nly is thejustory
of Ironbaitge very importdiu ana interesting, but also an excursion like this is a
relaxed and fun way to get' °ach other. Ironbridge is abont«fiftv-five^itometres
froiB^we and we'll be travelling by the college bus which holds 40 people. If there
are more than that well bring a couple of staff cars as well, though 1 might ask you
to indicate on the list if you have a car and would be willing to take a couple of
passengers. The list Fm referring to is up there on the student notice board, and if
you would like to come on Tuesday would vou please add vnnr name as soon as
possible. Bv the way could vou please print your name clearly • I tow some people
have wonderful ^nature? but often Fm afraid I Can't ffad them which cai\ caUSQ
pratto, Sp if we reed extra transport and vou could bring vour car, can you tick the
'car' column next to vour name? Could you also add vour student number and vour
telephone number, just in case there are any last minute changes and we have to
contact you. The other information I need to give you is about lunch. There's a very
nice little restaurant in Ironbridge, which gives a 15% discount to the college when
we bring groups. That means lunch is only about £4, and thev do good vegetarian
meals too, so ifs usually no problem for those of you on special diets. But if you
prefer to eat your own food that's fine too, either on the bus or in the park. But Td
encourage you to try the restaurant. Now talking of costs I should tell you that the
bus will only cost you £10, and if you bring your car well pay for the petrol, so you
get a free trip in return for driving there. Will you please sign up by Saturday at 6pm
at the latest, the list is closed after that We will depart at 9.30am sham on Tuesday
morning, so please make sure that vou arrive at least 15 minutes before so that you
can find a seat and get settled on the bus, (Pause) The college bus garage is behind
the engineering workshop. Ifs quite easy to find. If vow come hre to the Student
Union building, then walk east down the Avenue until vou get to the Childcare
centre pn your left, and then turn left and nalk PflSt the sports centre and the tennis
courts, which are both on your left-Cross over Central Square and opposite von is
the engineering workshop. Walk around to the back and youll see the bus. Please
wear comfortable shoes as well be walking around Ironbridge and be on our feet for
most of the day. Wear a warm jacket and vou might like to bring an umbrella and a
backpack to put them in if the weather's warn and sunny, which we hope it will be,
but of course we can't guarantee that! Certainly bring your cameras and any snacks
or drinks for the bus journey there and back, which should take about an hour and a
half each way. You should all check the notice board on Monday and well also put a
note in your mailbox to confirm arrangements, so don't forget to check it Now why
are we visiting Ironbridge? Well Ironbridge (as the name suggests) has got the
original iron bridge - that is the first ever iron bridge in the world! It was the
birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, and for 40 years it led the world - as Britain
changed from an agricultural society into an industrial one. It's hard to imagine
today that this pretty, sleepy little tourist town was one of the most important
places in England for over a century. Just imagine, 209 years ago, people from all
over Europe and even North America came to Ironbridge to learn about what was
then the latest technology! Today it is listed as a World Heritage Site fcy the United
Nations, as they consider the unique collection of industrial monuments rank it
alongside the Grand Canvon. the Pyramids and the Great Barrier Reef. One place
that's fun to visit is Blist Hill, which is a reconstruction of a small Victorian industrial
town, where people are working and living as they did a hundred years ago. I hope
you'll enjoy the day - ifs been a very popular excursion in previous years, so Fm
looking foiward to going again next Tuesday. Now don't forget to put your name on
the list as soon as possible
Section 3
a group of students, Henry, Jo, Nancy and Gordon, discussing changes to their work
experience placement arrangements.
H Look there's the notice that Professor Jones told us he'd be putting up
confirming the details of our work experience placements.
J But I thought that was already arranged.
H No, he said he'd have to check wilh the companies that the days we preferred
we OK for them - let's see if any have changed. Theresa's not here today, but her
name's first - it says the Uni Bookshop, Friday aranungs, starting on the 23rd March,
so nothing's changed. IH let her know.
Jo What about Manuel? He's not here either. Is he still going to the music store in
the High St?
H If ifs Mainly Music, yes he's still down for that, on Friday afternoons, starting on
the 9th.
Jo Um.. the day's different - ifs changed from Tuesday mornings, but that's OK, Til
tell him. Hell really enjoy listening to music all day!
H Now where's my name....Henry....here it is....I'm going to The Beauty Shop, and
I said I preferred Thursday afternoons...oh good, that seems OK and mv start date
hasn't changed either. Jo, what day did you opt for?
Jo Fm going to Highway Hotels on Monday mornings.
J Oh has that been changed? OK I was scheduled to start the rrcri; tafrre. HI just
mate a nf?tp nf tM.
N What about me, Henry? Have I still got the Explore Travel Service on
Wednesday mornings?
H Just a minute, where's your name? Uh let's see Nancy. OK here it is. Explore
Travel on Wednesdays, ves ...but afternoons and starting date is Wednesday 14th
March. Has the date charmed?
N No not the date, iust the time, which is fine - III get to sleep in! You lazy thing
Nancy! Chris's name is next on the list. Gorgeous Gowns Fashions, what a name!
Yes it sounds good, doesn't it? Tra hoping hell bring me some free samples! So has
he still got Wednesday mornings?
H Yes, Wednesday mornings, starting op the 14th March.
N OK, Fll tell him when I see him tonight that his arrangements haven't changed.
J Gordon, what about you?
G I chose that software company that makes computer games, I can't remember
its name, but I asked for Tuesday afternoons.
J Oh yes, here it is Games to Go on Wednesday mornings...there's a note here
saving thev have their weekly staff meetings on Tuesday afternoons, so that
wouldn't be much use to vou. That's whv they've changed it to Wednesdays,
starting on 21st March, so you can see their working set up.
G OK Tm glad they've changed it. I don't think I'd want to sit through a meeting
every week!
(Pause)
Can someone remind me what time we have to get to our tit in the afternoons?
J It says here "mornings start at 9am and afternoon sessions at
G Oh thafs a shame. I thought Professor Jones was going to change it to 9.30am
and 1.30pm.
J Yes he did say that he'd try to make it later, but obviously that wasn't possible.
G By the way, just in case, what happens if we're ill or something and can't make
it? Do we phone the college or the place we're going to?
N I think we have to phone the company first and then the college. Didn't you get
the information sheet about work experience at our last seminar? |
G No I missed it because I had to go to the dentist. What else did it say?
N Well we have to do a total of 24 hours altogether, so if we miss one of the
arranged sessions we have to organise another time to make up the hours. And he
gave us details of the presentation we haw to give, about our work experience.
G Oh really, whit dp we have to do?
J In week 10 we each have to give a presentation to the class about the company
we've been with. Ifs 30% of o\u final mark for this subject, so ifs going to be a lot of
work!
N Yes he's expecting us to do a lot of research while we're there, so that we can
outline the history of the company, its management structure, number of
employees, other branches etc,
J And he said we should use lots of visuals such as diagrams and flow charts
during the presentation.
H Yes, and we should also include what we did each week, the different
departments of the company or positions that we observed, and try to relate what
we saw to our studies so far. He gave examples like management style, accounting
systems, information technology, and so on.
G You were right. It sounds like lots of work!
Section 4
A talk from a member of the Conservation Society about 'green cleaning'
J I'm glad I ran into you. I've decided I have to get a car. S You're going to buy a car?
Do you really need one? I'd probably still be driving except that my car broke down
last year. Instead of getting another one, I just moved closer to the university and
went back to riding a bike - better for the environment, better for my health and I
save a lot of money.
J Did it really cost that much?
S Well when you think of registration, insurance, rising petrol costs, parking, plus
maintenance and repairs, it adds up.
JI know it's going to be expensive but I really need my own transportation. It takes a
half an hour by bus each way to university as it is. But now I'm There's no way 1
want to hang at night then walk 3 blocks home alone.
S Hey, I think you've got a point there. So what kind of car are you looking at?
J Ifs an 85 Celica, same Jrind as I used to have. The owner's asking $1500.
S Thafs pretty old. How many kilometres has it done?
J You know, I forgot to ask. HI have to check tonight when I go to see it. Would you
be able to come with me to have a look? At about 6:30?
S Sure Til come, but I don't know a lot about cars. I do know one thing, though. I
wouldn't buy an old car without having a mechanic look at it first.
J Thafs a good idea but won't it cost a lot?
S Not really. You can get a check done through the Automobile Association for $80
and it comes with a report on the condition of the car. It can save you a lot of money
in the bng run.
J I’ll keep that in mind. So we have to get to Parkwood at 6:30. Do you want to take
the bus? It goes straight down South Road every fifteen minutes. Or maybe we
could walk. I don't think ifs that far.
S Actually I could borrow my room mate's motorbike for an hour or so. He's
working all evening in the library.
J Do you think he'd mind?
S No way. He owes me a favour or two.
J OK. Great! See you at six, outside the Student Centre.
SECTION 2
Hello everyone. Glad to see so many happy faces on this wild and windy day. Are
you all ready to go looking for whales? I'm Tony and our other guide today is Dale.
We'll be using these two rubber boats you see here and our trip today will take 3
hours. In a few minutes, well be heading into part of the largest temperate
rainforest of the Pacific Northwest, fll show you our route on the map here. This is
where we are now. Well be leaving the sheltered bay and heading out across the
mouth of the bay toward the open water. As you know, last night there were strong
winds in the area so we can't go out into the ocean as we had planned. Near the
mouth, the water will be quite rough, That's where we are most likely to spot orcas
or killer whales as they are also called. After crossing the where vou took for ipw
whate. Then we will continue up this narrow inlet dose to the shore. You will have a
great view of giant fir and cedar trees that have never been logged- Here is the
place to watch for wildlife. You are likely to see bears along the shore and eagles in
the sky overhead. Right at the back of the inlet, here, are the hot springs where we
will be stopping for an hour. You can have a soothing soak in bubbling hot water
before the return trip. Ill tell you a little bit about the whales now because with the
noise of the wind and the engine you won't be able to hear much out there. As we
head out in the boat, we will probably see dolphins first They are a grey colour and
quite small -1-2 metres long. They will swim right beside the boat, racing along and
sometime jumping out of the water just ahead of us. They swim very fast, and thev
are playful and curious. They're really fun to watch. The next ones we'll see are
orcas or killer whales, which are actually members of the dolphin family. They are 7-
8 metres long, very fast and they have sharp teeth. Some stay in these waters all
year round. We identify them by the distinctive hlarlr and white colour. They feed
mainly on salmon in these waters, but the orca diet can include seabirds, seals,
dolphins and other mammals. They can be fierce hunters and this is why they are
called "killer whales'. We should start watching for them as soon as we get out
towards open water. We're likely to spot the orcas from a considerable distance.
Watch for the black and white marking and mist spouting from the blow holes on
top of their heads. Just outside the inlet is where we will probably see grey whales.
The greys are migratory. They pass through here twice a year, moving from far in
the north where they feed, to the warm southern waters where they breed. You're
very lucky today because several have been reported in the area. Unlike the orcas,
greys are solitary, except when you see a mother with a calf. The grey whales are
much longer and heavier than the orcas -14 metres long and weighing up to 30
tonnes. The grey whales are filter feeders, gathering tiny ghost shrimp from the
sand at the bottom. We recognize greys from their tail fins, because each one is
different. Once we find the whales, well come up as close as we can safely. We are
allowed to approach the whales no closer than 50 meters but that feels pretty close
when you are in the presence of animals this big. Youll see mist coming out of the
blowholes when they breathe out and youll hear a loud hiss. If we are downwind, we
might even be able to smell them - a strong fishy smell (Pause) Now for just a few
words of caution. It will quite bouncy out there, especially in the front of the boat. If
you want a smoother ride, stay in the middle of the boat, close to the engine. Hold
onto the ropes and keep an eye on any big waves. Be alert so you don't get thrown
out of the boat. In case of an emergency, you are all wearing survival suits. They'll
keep you warm and dry in or out of the water. They are bright orange for visibility.
The water temperature is around 8 degrees. Without these suits you would only last
a few minutes in this cold water. With these suits your survival time is increased
dramatically. They will keep you upright in the water even if you can't swim. But we
don't expect anybody to end up in the water so don't worry.
people have to use their left hand, which is the weaker hand. Typewriter technology
improved, doing away with the original rationale for the QWERTY distribution, but
the keyboard remained. In spite of its inefficiency, it is the keyboard we all use
today. (Pause) Already, back in 1932, there was a solution to the problem. Efficiency
expert August Dvorak came up with a new keyboard layout. His home row consisted
of AOEUIDHTNS- which includes all of the vowels as well as the most commonly
used letters. On this keyboard, over three thousand words can be typed using only
the home row. In fact, 70% of all the work can be done on the home row, 22% on
the row above, and 8% on the row below. The QWERTY keyboard allows only about
fifty words to be typed without reaching for other rows. In addition, on Dvorak's
keyboard, the right band handles 56% of the work load and the left handles 44%,
just about the opposite of the division on the QWERTY keyboard. This is an
advantage for most right banders. The Dvorak keyboard, increased accuracy in
typing by almost 50 percent and speed by 15 percent to 20 percent. How much
labour did this Dvorak layout save? In one study, a group of typists was evaluated in
the use of both keyboards. Those using the Dvorak keyboard moved their fingers
just about one mile on an average day, while those who used the QWERTY keyboard
moved their fingers an average of twelve to twenty mite?! The superiority of the
Dvorak keyboard was clearly established. However, it has never been adopted as
the keyboard of choice. Why? First or all, bad luck and bad timing on the part of the
Dvorak team. First there was the Depression, not a good time for introducing
change. But the main factor that worked against the Dvorak system was habit
People were used to the QWERTY keyboard. Computers today could easily switch
the arrangement of letters to the Dvorak layout, but it seems that because of habit,
the QWERTY layout remains dominant. People felt comfortable with the keyboard
they learned on so it was the established patterns of hundreds of millions of typists,
manufacturers, typing teachers and typewriter salespeople that have crushed all
moves toward keyboard efficiency for over 70 years. It looks like QWERTY keyboard
may be with us for a long time yet.
LISTENING TEST 4
Section 1
A comersation m an international airport between a newly student, Jenny Lee, and
an agent at the lost luggage counter
A Ok, who's next, please?
J I think I am.
A How can I help you?
J I just came in on flight 372 from Singapore at 11:30 and my luggage hasn't
arrived, Tve been waiting at the baggage claim for about a half an hour now and
everything seems to have come off the plane. The conveyor belt has stopped and
all the passengers have gone. So I came here to find out what has happened to my
bag.
A Can I see your ticket please? . .
J Here it is.
A So you came from Honp Kong today and changed planes in Singapore, right?
J Yes the connection in Singapore was a tight one. The plane got in late and I had
to rush to to next flight.
A Thafs the problem right there. There wasn't enough time to get your bags onto
the connecting flight Normally Singapore airport is very efficient. Now, I need you to
fill in these forms. Your name?
J Jenny Lee
A Address?
J I guess you want ray address here. I'm staying with relatives. Just a minute, IH
have to look it up. It looks like 583, no its 533 East 67th St. in Riverside.
A Do you have the phone number there?
J Yes I do. Ifs -Lini 93014269.
A So you came in on Qantas Flight 392. Do you know the number of the flight out
of Hong Kong?
J Let me see. I think it was Cathay Pacific 900 or something. Oh yes, it says here
CX912.
(Pause)
A Right. Now, I need a description of the luggage. How many pieces did you check
in?
J Just one.
A Can you describe it for me? Here is a picture to help you.
J OK. It's a big bag like this one. Rectangular - not hard shell but soft covered and
it has a zipper around the front.
A Is it black?
J No, sort of a grey colour.
A Any identification?
J Just a tag with my name on it.
A Any other features?
J Well, it has wheels, and a retractable handle on the end so you can pull it, as well
as the handle in the middle.
A OK thafs fine. Now, if your bag missed the connection, Tm sure ifll be put on the
next flight. TU email Singapore as soon as I finish here. The next flight comes in at
17:50. thafs ten to six this evening. You can pick it up then.
J Ten to six. Thafs too long to wait. Can I get my uncle to pick up the bag on his
way home from work?
A Sony. You have to be here yourself to clear customs.
J Of course. I almost forgot. Will the bag come here, to this desk?
A Yes. You pick it up here, then take it over to the customs area. By the way, don't
forget to bring your passport. You will also need to have the key plus your ticket
vrith the baggage claim ~
Section 2
A recorded message about buying tickets from a booking agency
Thank you for calling ATS Advanced Ticketing System, the call system for all your
entertainment needs. Our automated telephone service is designed to answer your
questions quickly and easily. The ATS office in the Regency Theatre is open Monday
to Thursdays from lQam-5 pm and on Friday and Saturday till 8 pm. For online
bookings and detailed program Listings check ouj \ website at www.abtjx.com That's
spelled A-T-S-T-I-X. Please listen to the choices available. You may press vour choice
as" soon as you hear it to get more information. For sporting events including the
Weston International Tennis Classic, press 1. < For the Formula 1 Grand Prix, press
2. For classical music including the upcoming Philharmonic Orchestra series, press
3. For theatre and dance press 4. For other enquiries, please hold the line. (Pause)
Ticket prices for the Formula 3 Grand Prix on the 10th-14th March are asfollows:
General Admission
Thursday $27 Concession $10
Friday $37 Concession $15
Saturday $55 Concession $35
Sunday $70 Concession $65
Concession rates apply to children under 14 and to students, seniors and pensioners
on presentation of a valid card. Grandstand seating Four-day tickets covering the 6
main grandstands cost $299. However, Pit Straight tickets are $350 and seats at the
Chicane cost $450 each. Children under 3 are admitted free to the general
admission area and children under 14 are eligible for concession prices. Gates open
at Sam Thursday and Friday and 7:30 Saturday and Sunday. Events begin at 9:00.
Alcohol, ice boxes, cans, bottles and animals are not allowed on site. There are no
refunds or exchanges. On each ticket a $2.50 booking fee applies. To make a
booking you must have a valid credit card. To listen again press l. To make a booking
or to talk to a ticket agent, press 2. You call is in our queue. You can expect to wait
about 3 minutes.
Section 3
A discussion among three students, who are organising an international film festival
at their college
C Thanks for coming to this meeting on such short notice, Anna and Veronica. It
looks like we have just become the organising committee for this year's
international film festival. We've all just met so perhaps we should start by an
introduction with a bit of background from each of us.
A OK. Tm Anna. I finished three years of a Languages degree in Sweden, where I
come from. This year I decided to study overseas to get to know a different part of
the world. Tm also a big fan of European cinema, especially French and Italian.
Those are the languages I majored in along with English. To me, film is a great way
to learn about the rest of the world. I was in the film club at my university so when I
saw the notice asking for volunteers, I thought it would be a good way to meet
people and get involved in something I really enjoy.
V Thanks, Anna. My name is Veronica and I come from Italy. Fm doing graduate
studies in English Literature. I went to some of the films in the festival last year and
enjoyed them. I especially liked the video interviews. That was when I decided to
get involved. I used to do film reviews for our student newspaper back home
C Hi Tm Chris from Scotland and Tm in 4th year Journalism. Cinema is my hobby.
Last year I joined the organising committee, just like you have now, and somehow,
this year I've ended up in chaige. Tm actually able to use mv coordinating work on
the festival towards a credit for one of mv courses. I have to write up a report on the
festival with recommendations so that's an extra motivation for me. So I hope this is
going to be a good experience for us all. OK. Where would you like to start?
A How about a general overview of the festival? I don't really know much about it.
C Well, the film festival was started by International Students' Society five years ago
and has grown every year. It is held over 4 nights during study break. Wednesday to
Saturday. Normally we show 3 films a night. Last year we tried to choose films from
different parts of the world that fit together in some way. Maybe a similar theme. Or
we could feature a type of film like action films or science fiction.
(Pause)
A Who picks the films?
C It's UP to us. on the committee, to decide.
V You mean we get to pick all the films ourselves? What a hard decision! There are
so many to choose from.
C Well that's the fun part. We have this catalogue of independent distributors. The
films are listed by language and have a short summary. We just have to go through
it to find a good combination of films that will attract an audience.
A Veronica mentioned something about interviews. How does that fit in?
C We set up cameras in the foyer of the theatre and did Uve interviews before,
during intermission and after the screening. Anyone from the audience could come
up and talk about the film. The broadcasting and journalism school set it up and ran
the interviews. They were shown on big screens around the lobby and in the
theatre. It went over really well. We had a long line up of students waiting to be
interviewed on TV. Everybody wanted their minute of feme.
A Great idea!
C Yeah, it worked really well. We should certainly do something similar again.
V Maybe even develop the idea further. Like a website with audience reviews and
discussion so we can get as much participation and involvement as possible.
C Hey thafs « 7^4 ideal
A Can I ? n, None of the fi "nalish, right? Are they dubbed or subtitled?
C r """-H, we do occasional^ * se. a film in Engb'sh but only from usualwhere Hfl
uialect i^o strong they sometimes need subtitles- tifcTthe Caribbean or even
Scotland! The majority of films in the festival are foreign language, dubbed in
English. We've learned from experience that students don't like reading subtitles.
Maybe they read too much already. Whatever the reason the subtitled films get
smaller audiences so we avoid them as much as possible. V So how large an
audience can we expect and how much does it cost to get in?
C It costs $5 per film or a $20 pass for the whole event * all 12 films for the real
movie fan. We would have broken even last year except for a bad storm on the
Friday night - we almost had to cancel the whole thing. But overall we had a good
turnout -more than 2000 people in 4 days.
V Thafs what I was wondering about - the financial part. Where does the funding
come ftom? What kind of budget do we have?
C The festival is subsidised by the student council. We generate money through
advertising and through admission charges. We'll go over the budget in detail a little
later. But we've got lots of work to do in the meantime.
A I guess we have to start pretty soon.
C Well, I think by the first of March at the latest, we need to select all the films. Then
we have to find some advertisers to sponsor the event - that shouldn't be too hard.
Well just start with last year's list. Our deadline for that should be the middle of
March. By the end of March we need to design the program. Then we can get
posters made up and distributed in ApriL
V Like you said, we need some clever promotion - something to generate interest
and get people talking. We have 4 months to get ready. It should be enough time.
C OK where do we start?
A Let's start by talking about films - since that is the best part - and see what we
come up with. What was the best film you saw last year?
Section 4
A talk given by a lecturer to a group of avil engineering students on the reed bed
system for sewage treatment
Thank you for inviting me to speak to you today about what is now called the reed
bed sewage treatment system. This system uses naturally occurring reeds to treat
domestic and industrial waste. Ifs an environmentally friendly alternative to normal
systems. You all know what reeds are like don't you? - those tall plants with hollow
stems that grow in wet places... like marshes, for example. Here's how the system
works. First of all, an artificial marsh is created. To do this, holes are dug about 1
metre deep and usually rectangular in shape. They are then lined with day or plastic
and the liner is covered with gravel. After that, a system of tubing is laid, with holes
in it and more gravel is added to cover that. Finally reeds are planted in the bed.
The sewage is brought to settling tanks. From there it is distributed to the roots of
the reeds through the tubing. Note that the waste material enters the beds
underground and remains underground. The reeds conduct oxygen very effidently
through their stems to the roots system. Here, bacteria work to reduce the waste
material to basic elements. What comes out of the artificial marsh is water that has
been cleaned through a| natural process. The purified water leaves the reed. a
simple outflow pipe. The water that comes out has to b« tested. Sometimes it is he
in a pond until it evaporates or soaks into the gr Sometimes, after testing, the water
is discharged streams and rivers. (Pause) The reed bed system originated in
Germany in the 1970s and installations have been built in a number of countries
throughout the world. To give you an idea of the size and appearance of a reed bed
installation, an area of 3 by 5 metres approximately would be adequate for a single
house. It would look lite a pond overgrown with reeds. There are tities with 150,000
people in Germany whose entire sewage treatment requirements are served by reed
bed installations which extend for 10-20 hectares. There are two wonderful
environmental advantages. First of. reed bed systems are natural composters. As
time passes grade soil builds up in the beds. The soil can be removed used for
agricultural purposes. Soil produced from waste containing heavy metals would, of
course, have to be test the toxic material removed by chemical processes.
An additional advantage is that the reed bed can function exactly as a marsh,
providing a healthy natural home or habitat for waterfowl and other birds, insects,
reptiles and mammals. But there are practical advantages to a reed bed system
over existing sewage treatment plants as well At all levels the cost is lower than for
normal systems. Labour costs are a fraction of the costs of a conventional system.
Typically a large scale reed bed installation will cost 10% less than a mechanical
system. They require little maintenance and unlike mechanical systems, the
effidencv of reed beds increases over time. But before we go any further, you must
have some questions? Maybe this sounds too good to be true.
S1 Thafs exactly what I wanted to ask. If these systems have so many benefits,
why aren't they more popular? Why don't we see them everywhere?
L As I said, the technology is now almost 40 years old. Demonstration projects of
all types have been built and monitored and are slowly convincing regulators of the
advantages of the system. But you have to understand that regulating authorities
are by nature conservative and resist change. Typically there is a lot of opposition to
these systems - by manufacturers, and by everyone involved in maintaining the
conventional systems. Feed bed systems require fewer staff to operate so there
would be a decline in the workforce. Therefore unions would resist the change as
welL
S2 What happens to reed beds in winter? Does the efficiency decrease?
L The above ground part of the plants die back in cold weather but the roots
remain alive and active and the system continues to work just as effectively in
winter. As soon as the weather warms up new reeds appear and grow quickly.
S3 Is there a problem with mosquitoes in these ponds?
L Well, they are not exactly ponds, with standing water. The beds look more like
a field, covered with long grass. The soil is moist but not like a swamp so there
would be no more mosquitoes than in any other field. Remember, the effluent
enters the beds underground and remains underground. Ok let's get into some of
the technical details now and III answer questions as they come up.
Introduction
I: Hellp. I’m Jessie, and your name is….?
W: Zsuzso
Zsuzso. And you're from?
From Hungary.
Hungary. And ... ii this your identification?
Here it is.
OIL Thank yen.
PART 1
OK, flat then, a few questions about you and your Ufa. Left talk about your family:
Do you Mine from a Urge or a smaa faulty? A relatively large family, five members.
Sight And do all your family live in the same town or city? No, I live in Australia and
my family Uve in Hungary. Mm light So how often do you see your brothers and
sisters? Probably once a year. Do you have a lot In common with them? Well we look
the same, urn I suppose our lives are little bit different however. OK. Is it alright to
talk about your frieads? Thafs OK. Do you have lots of friends or just a few special
friends? I've got a few very spedal friends but er I do have lots of people I can call
friends. Oh huh and can you say something about one or two of your friends? Well
I've got a spedal friend called Pat er she always helps me through rough times. I've
got another special friend, Gordon, who is also wonderful and we share lots of
activities together. What kinds of things do yon and your frieads do together? We
like hiking, going outdoors and visiting places and I suppose just even just go
shopping. Mm, are you a person who enjoys spending time alone? Definitely not.
No? Not at alL OK Let's move on to talk about travelling to other countries. What
other countries have you visited? I have visited a few ... I came from Hungary then
um I went to visit um most of the countries in Europe, America um some countries
in Asia and Australia thafs all.
Which other countries are you interested in visiting? I suppose every country has
got a lot to offer, um if a country has got good food and good people, Fm happy to
go there. Uh huh and what are some of the things that you don't like about
travelling? I don't like the inconvenience of the travelling itself, going, taking
aeroplanes, and living out of suitcases. Probably these are the big 'no-nos' about
travel. OK.
Part 2
Now I'm going to give you a piece of paper with a topic on it Please talk about the
topic for 1-2 minutes, but before you talk you have about I minute to plan. You can
write notes if you want to. Is that OK? Yes thafs fine. Here's some paper for your
notes and this & the topic: Please describe a favourite shop or store.
TOPIC CARD
Describe a favourite shop or store.
Yon should say:
where it is and what it looks like
what it sells
what you like to buy there and
OK. Don't forget you only have 1 to 2 minutes for your talk so I might stop you when
the time's up. Thafs all right. Ready to start? Yes. Yeah, I have to describe my
favourite shop. It is very hard because tm a 'shopaholic', so I've got many favourite
shops. Amongst the many er favourites there is one special store, ifs a department
store called David Jones. I like shopping there because of the quality and variety of
goods in the store. It is always an experience to shop there ifs almost like a treasure
hunt. I like shopping in an elegant and sophisticated environment um ... I can
browse for hours in a depai..a different level in the department store, in the food
store, at the book store, at the fashion departments, er they're just all wonderful.
During the Festive Season the shop transform into something magical, urn which
touches my heart even as an adult so I definitely have to say that 1 love shopping
there. OK. Thank you. Um do your friends like to shop there too? I think so, I
converted them. OK. All right
Part 3
Now you talked about a shop that you liked, so lef s talk now about some other
aspects of shopping. First, electronic shopping. What do yon think of shopping on
the Internet? Firstly I didn't like shopping on the Internet it somehow er took away
the personal um touch from shopping; however I had to realise later on of the
conveniences of electronic shopping um such as um if I want to buy a book which is
available in America on-line, I can order it and within a week I can have it and read
it and use it which is quite convenient. Yes and how do you think that using the
Internet is going to affect shopping in the future? Um I suppose lots and lots of
people nowadays working with the Internet or using Internet daily ... so it is
convenient to shop on line, so probably more and more people going to use that.
However, I think that might be just sort of convenient shopping because I believe
for example to buy a chocolate bar is probably easier to pop into the comer store
rather than order it on the Internet and wait for it for days. For sure, for sure. Why
do you think that shopping has become so popular with young people now? •funk
the meaning abmo has changed i4' oast decatos... raths^than having rmt of a
gathering experience taking th* necessary goods, I think it- became a social
activi™. It is popij 1... to go with hip' M to try a couple of rrSw clothes on, pop into
the mall to see whafs-new and in the same time have a cup of coffee. Yes, so talking
about consumer habits in general um how are your parents' shopping habits, for
example, different from your own? I should say very different. My father used to
own a little deli in Hungary. They shopped every day, that was part of their lives.
And um my time is so precious for me, I have to manage ray time so I don't have
time for shopping every day, so I go shopping every two weeks and I suppose ifs
helping my wallet as well, saving some money. Kmm. And speaking of wallets do
you think in wealthy countries people buy too many things that they don't need? Is
that the case in your country as well? I can't really speak about what...or talk about
whafs happening now in Hungary, as I left the country five years ago. However, um
five years ago and earlier than that we used to buy just necessary things... we had
to make our mind up whether we would like to buy a pair of shoes or do we huy a
microwave so it wasn't a luxury to sort of shop every day, it was a necessary sort of
making choices. I suppose was very hard but we had to. Right OK. Well, thafs the
end of the interview. Thanks very much for talking with me and good luck. Thank
you very much.
Part 1
OK, first then a few questions about you and your life. Yeah. Lefs talk about your
family. Bo you come from a large or a smalt family? Well ifs not large or... ifs not a
small but ifs just a medium one. We got six members in my family. OK and um do all
your family live in the same town or city? No, no they separate. Right How often do
you see your brothers and sisters? Well, usually I meet my brother three times a
year and then I meet my sister once a year because of one of my sister now is living
in Canada.
PART 2
OK. Now I’m going to give you a piece of paper with a topic on it. Please talk about
the topic for 1-2 minutes, but before you talk you can have 1 minute to plan. You
can write notes if you want to. Is that OK?
Yeah.
Here’s some paper for your notes and this is the topic: Please describe an important
year in your life.
TOPIC CARD
Describe an important year in your life.
You should say:
How old you were
What important things you remember from that year
Where these things happened and say why you think that year is so
important.
OK. Don’t forget you only have 1-2 minutes for your talk so I might stop you when
the time is up. Ready to start?
Yeah. Well’ I think the most important year in my life is when I study IMBA degree in
the univerth.. in the university of Hull U.. in UK. That experience give me culture
schock, a real culture shock. I… noticed that um Mexican people speak Spanish and
one of, I remember, one of my Spanish classmates she can’t differentiation..
differentiate Thailand and Taiwan. And another experience is when I went to a
British family in the Christmas holiday and that family.. didn’t know where the
location of Taiwan is and the family. They didn’t have an idea about Taiwan. That
give me a real sh.. culture shock because from the American point of view, most of
American or Canadian people they know the Taiwan situation. But form the west
from the European or from a British point of view they are not have the same idea.
That.. so that really give me a culture shock. So I noticed that if we evaluate
different issues we have to judge from the international point of view. That’s very
important for me right now. Thank you. Did you keep a diary, or something in
writing, to remember that year?
Oh, I didn’t. That was very pity.
PART 3
OK. You talked about things you remember from an important year la year Ufa. Now
I d like to talk about some general questions connected te memory and the past.
How important do you think It Is to know your family history? Well I don't think ifs mf
important. Well... this, this probably because... my expetknce. U em family, one
family is their history is doing business that would be important for the... for the
other family, the othff members of the family to learn how to doing business but for
mt the.,, the thi study on... in the academic field is just work by myself so I don't
think (he family history would be very important for me. Umm. ITA; i are the smi
ways to keep a family history alive for...piopler for ftihue members of your family, do
you think? Well you say the best way, (MI) oh w*ll if this family has a glory history of
coursi it should be IlirtU hut rr I have two academic vocabulary have to msntlon
heie, Iho i>in> is 1earo'/the other one is
OK. You talked about things you remember from an important year in your life. Now
I’d like to talk about some general questions connected to memory and the past.
How important do you think it is to know you family History?
Well I don’t think it’s very important, Well.. this, this probably because.. my
experience. If one family, one family is their history is doing business that would be
important for the.. for the other family, the other members of the family to learn
how to doing business but for me the.. the the study .. in the academic field is just
work by myself so I don’t think the family history would be very important to me.
Umm. What are the best ways to keep a family history alive for.. people, for future
members of your family, do you think?
Well'unlearn', which mean to learn a new things and unlearn the past success
because the family history ifs... ifs a kind of past tense (mm} so people should learn
new things and unlearn the past success thafs would be better. And are you not
curious about yonr history? Mo I don't think so because er...my family came from
China but er most of my family didn't haven't ...gone to China so ifs a. it's a not a
big image for me to... to learn and or to learn something from that history Uhuh. Do
you think it is important to study and understand the history of one's country? Yes
of course,... because history give us a lesson that um make us the same situation
won't happen again. Yeah? What, for example? Well ura ..for example,... in now
there's a conflict you know between Taiwan and China. The separation is just only
40 years but um from that long term of view ... they are two very longest long
period of separation in China. Each has four hundred years separation but finally the
dynasty of China has been united. Ah. And why do you think studying history has
become less popular these days? Well I think this is probably because of the
education system, because most of the teacher they just ...cram knowledge into the
brain of the students so they, students don't like history. Ifs because ifs very boring.
How do you think we could encourage young people to become interested in
history? I think the teachers should ... teach the student from the longitudinal
perspective to compare with the different dynasty, to compare with the different
countries, that would be more interesting. And should they only learn abont Chinese
history? No, no of course not, it should learn all the history in the world, for example
Af.. the present, the United States against Afghanistan. Most of people don't realise
the history of, of the. .Afghanistan. Uhuh, well it sounds very interesting but the
interview has ended now so thank you very much for talking to me. You're welcome.