ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

COURSE STRUCTURE
AND
DETAILED SYLLABUS
AN

For
IL

B.Tech., FOUR YEAR DEGREE COURSE

(Applicable for the batches admitted from 2013-14)
PE
TE
R

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY KAKINADA
KAKINADA – 533003, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA.
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL

UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA
KAKINADA-533003, Andhra Pradesh (India)
For Constituent Colleges and Affiliated Colleges of JNTUK

ABSOLUTELY
AN

NOT TO RAGGING
IL
PE
TE
R
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

2 Microprocessors & Microcontrollers 3+1 -- 3

3 Utilization of Electrical Energy 3+1 -- 3
4 Power System Analysis 3+1 -- 3
5 Power Semiconductor Drives 3+1 -- 3
6 Management Science 3+1 -- 3
7 Power Electronics Lab -- 3 2
8 Electrical Measurements Lab -- 3 2
Total Credits 22

IV Year – I SEMESTER
S. No. Subject T P Credits
1 Renewable Energy Sources and Systems 3+1 - 3
2 HVAC & DC Transmission 3+1 - 3
3 Power System Operation & Control 3+1 - 3
AN

4 Open Elective 3+1 - 3

5 Elective – I 3+1 - 3
6 Microprocessors & Microcontrollers Lab - 3 2
7 Electrical Simulation Lab - 3 2
IL

8 Power systems lab 3 2

Total Credits 21

IV Year – II SEMESTER
S. No. Subject T P Credits
PE

1 Digital Control Systems 3+1 - 3

2 Elective – II 3+1 - 3
3 Elective – III 3+1 - 3
4 Elective – IV 3+1 - 3
TE

5 Project - - 9
Total Credits 21
R

Open Elective:
1. Energy Audit, Conservation and Management
2. Instrumentation
3. Non Conventional Sources of Energy
4. Optimization Techniques
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Elective – I:
1. VLSI Design
2. Electrical Distribution Systems
3. Optimization Techniques

Elective – II:
1. Advanced Control Systems
2. Extra High Voltage Transmission
3. Special Electrical Machines

Elective – III:
1. Electric Power Quality
2. Digital Signal Processing
3. FACTS: Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems.
AN

Elective-IV:
1. OOPS Through Java
2. UNIX and Shell Programming
IL

3. AI Techniques
4. Power System Reforms
5. Systems Engineering
PE
TE
R
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

T P C
IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

Preamble:
In recent years digital controllers have become popular due to their capability
of accurately performing complex computations at high speeds and versatility
in leading non linear control systems. In this context, this course focuses on
the analysis and design of digital control systems.
Learning objectives:
To understand the concepts of digital control systems and assemble
various components associated with it. Advantages compared to the
analog type.
The theory of z–transformations and application for the mathematical
AN

analysis of digital control systems.

To represent the discrete–time systems in state–space model and
evaluation of state transition matrix.
IL

To examine the stability of the system using different tests.

To study the conventional method of analyzing digital control systems in
the w–plane.
To study the design of state feedback control by “the pole placement
method.”
UNIT – I:
PE

Introduction and signal processing

Introduction to analog and digital control systems – Advantages of digital
systems – Typical examples – Signals and processing – Sample and hold
TE

devices – Sampling theorem and data reconstruction – Frequency domain

characteristics of zero order hold.
UNIT–II:
Z–transformations
R

Z–Transforms – Theorems – Finding inverse z–transforms – Formulation of

difference equations and solving – Block diagram representation – Pulse
transfer functions and finding open loop and closed loop responses.
UNIT–III:
State space analysis and the concepts of Controllability and observability
State Space Representation of discrete time systems – State transition matrix and
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

methods of evaluation – Discretization of continuous – Time state equations –

Concepts of controllability and observability – Tests (without proof).

UNIT – IV:
Stability analysis
Mapping between the S–Plane and the Z–Plane – Primary strips and
Complementary Strips – Stability criterion – Modified routh’s stability
criterion and jury’s stability test.

UNIT – V:
Design of discrete–time control systems by conventional methods
Transient and steady state specifications – Design using frequency response
in the w–plane for lag and led compensators – Root locus technique in the z–
plane.
UNIT – VI:
AN

State feedback controllers:

Design of state feedback controller through pole placement – Necessary and
sufficient conditions – Ackerman’s formula.
IL

Learning outcomes:
The students learn the advantages of discrete time control systems
and the “know how” of various associated accessories.
The learner understand z–transformations and their role in the
mathematical analysis of different systems(like laplace transforms in
analog systems).
PE

The stability criterion for digital systems and methods adopted for
testing the same are explained.
Finally, the conventional and state–space methods of design are also
introduced.
TE

Text Book:
1. Discrete–Time Control systems – K. Ogata, Pearson Education/PHI,
R

2nd Edition

Reference Books:
1. Digital Control Systems, Kuo, Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition,
2003.
2. Digital Control and State Variable Methods by M.Gopal, TMH
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

SPECIAL ELECTRICAL MACHINES

(Elective – II)

Preamble:
This is an advanced course on electrical machines. Students will be exposed
to various special machines which are gaining importance in industry. This
course covers topics related to principles, performance and applications of
these special machines including switched reluctance motors, stepper motors,
permanent magnet dc motors, linear motors and electric motors for traction
drives.

Learning Objective:
To explain theory of operation and control of switched reluctance
motor.
To explain the performance and control of stepper motors, and their
AN

applications.
To describe the operation and characteristics of permanent magnet
dc motor.
To distinguish between brush dc motor and brush less dc motor.
IL

To explain the theory of travelling magnetic field and applications

of linear motors.
To understand the significance of electrical motors for traction
drives.

UNIT I:
PE

Switched Reluctance Motor

Principle of operation – Design of stator and rotor pole arc – Power converter
for switched reluctance motor – Control of switched reluctance motor.
TE

UNIT II:
Stepper Motors
Construction – Principle of operation – Theory of torque production – Hybrid
R

stepping motor – Variable reluctance stepping motor – Open loop and closed
loop control.

UNIT III:
Permanent Magnet DC Motors
Construction – Principle of working – Torque equation and equivalent
circuits – Performance characteristics – Moving coil motors.
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

UNIT IV:
Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
Construction – Principle of operation – Theory of brushless DC motor as
variable speed synchronous motor – Sensor less and sensor based control of
BLDC motors.

UNIT V:
Linear motors
Linear induction motor: Construction– principle of operation– applications.
Linear synchronous motor: Construction – principle of operation–
applications.

UNIT VI:
Electric Motors for traction drives
AC motors– DC motors –Single sided linear induction motor for traction
drives – Comparison of AC and DC traction.
AN

Learning Outcomes:
The student should be able to
Explain theory of operation and control of switched reluctance
IL

motor.
Explain the performance and control of stepper motors, and their
applications.
Describe the operation and characteristics of permanent magnet dc
motor.
PE

Distinguish between brush dc motor and brush less dc motor.

Explain the theory of travelling magnetic field and applications of
linear motors.
Understand the significance of electrical motors for traction drives.
TE

Text Books:
1. Special electrical Machines, K.Venkata Ratnam, University press,
2009, New Delhi.
R

2. Brushless Permanent magnet and reluctance motor drives, Clarenden

press, T.J.E. Miller, 1989, Oxford.
3. Special electrical machines, E.G. Janardhanan, PHI learning private
limited, 2014.
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

T P C
IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
ELECTIVE – III

ELECTRIC POWER QUALITY

Preamble:
Power quality is a major problem for utilities and customers. Customers
using sensitive critical loads need quality power for proper operation of the
electrical equipment. It is important for the student to learn the power quality
issues and improvement measures provided by the utility companies. This
course covers the topics on voltage and current imperfections, harmonics,
voltage regulation, power factor improvement, distributed generation, power
quality monitoring and measurement equipment.
AN

Learning Objectives:
To learn different types of power quality phenomena.
To identify sources for voltage sag, voltage swell, interruptions,
IL

transients, long duration over voltages and harmonics in a power

system.
To describe power quality terms and study power quality standards.
To learn the principle of voltage regulation and power factor
improvement methods.
To explain the relationship between distributed generation and power
PE

quality.
To understand the power quality monitoring concepts and the usage of
measuring instruments.
TE

UNIT–I:
Introduction
Overview of power quality – Concern about the power quality – General
classes of power quality and voltage quality problems – Transients – Long–
R

duration voltage variations – Short–duration voltage variations – Voltage

unbalance – Waveform distortion – Voltage fluctuation – Power frequency
variations.

UNIT–II:
Voltage imperfections in power systems
Power quality terms – Voltage sags – Voltage swells and interruptions –
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Sources of voltage sag, swell and interruptions – Nonlinear loads – IEEE and
IEC standards. Source of transient over voltages – Principles of over voltage
protection – Devices for over voltage protection – Utility capacitor switching
transients.

UNIT–III
Voltage Regulation and power factor improvement:
Principles of regulating the voltage – Device for voltage regulation – Utility
voltage regulator application – Capacitor for voltage regulation – End–user
capacitor application – Regulating utility voltage with distributed resources –
Flicker – Power factor penalty – Static VAR compensations for power factor
improvement.

UNIT– IV
Harmonic distortion and solutions
Voltage distortion vs. Current distortion – Harmonics vs. Transients –
Harmonic indices – Sources of harmonics – Effect of harmonic distortion –
AN

Impact of capacitors, transformers, motors and meters – Point of common

coupling – Passive and active filtering – Numerical problems.

UNIT–V
IL

Distributed Generation and Power Quality

Resurgence of distributed generation – DG technologies – Interface to the
utility system – Power quality issues and operating conflicts – DG on low
voltage distribution networks.
PE

UNIT–VI
Monitoring and Instrumentation
Power quality monitoring and considerations – Historical perspective of PQ
measuring instruments – PQ measurement equipment – Assessment of PQ
TE

measuring data – Application of intelligent systems – PQ monitoring

standards.

Learning Outcomes:
R

At the end of this course the student should be able to

Differentiate between different types of power quality problems.
Explain the sources of voltage sag, voltage swell, interruptions,
transients, long duration over voltages and harmonics in a power
system.
Analyze power quality terms and power quality standards.
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Explain the principle of voltage regulation and power factor

improvement methods.
Demonstrate the relationship between distributed generation and
power quality.
Explain the power quality monitoring concepts and the usage of
measuring instruments.

Textbooks:
1. Electrical Power Systems Quality, Dugan R C, McGranaghan M F,
Santoso S, and Beaty H W, Second Edition, McGraw–Hill, 2012, 3rd
edition.
2. Electric power quality problems –M.H.J. Bollen IEEE series-Wiley
india publications, 2011.
3. Power Quality Primer, Kennedy B W, First Edition, McGraw–Hill,
2000.
AN

Reference Books:
1. Understanding Power Quality Problems: Voltage Sags and
Interruptions, Bollen M HJ, First Edition, IEEE Press; 2000.
2. Power System Harmonics, Arrillaga J and Watson N R, Second
IL

Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.

3. Electric Power Quality control Techniques, W. E. Kazibwe and M. H.
Sendaula, Van Nostrad Reinhold, New York.
4. Power Quality c.shankaran, CRC Press, 2001
5. Harmonics and Power Systems –Franciso C.DE LA Rosa–CRC Press
PE

(Taylor & Francis).

6. Power Quality in Power systems and Electrical Machines–EwaldF.
fuchs, Mohammad A.S. Masoum–Elsevier.
TE
R
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

POWER SYSTEM REFORMS

(Elective IV)

Preamble:
This course introduces the concepts and issues of power system reforms and
aims at computation of Available Transfer Capability (ATC), Congestion
Management, Electricity Pricing, Ancillary services Management and Power
system operation in competitive environment.

Learning Objectives:
To study fundamentals of power system deregulation and
restructuring.
To study available transfer capability.
To study congestion management
To study various electricity pricing.
AN

To study operation of power system in deregulated environment.

To study importance of Ancillary services management.

UNIT–I
IL

Over view of key issues in electric utilities

Introduction – Restructuring models – Independent system operator (ISO) –
Power Exchange – Market operations – Market Power – Standard cost –
Transmission Pricing – Congestion Pricing – Management of Inter
zonal/Intra zonal Congestion.
PE

UNIT–II
OASIS: Open Access Same–Time Information System
Structure of OASIS – Processing of Information – Transfer capability on
TE

OASIS – Definitions Transfer Capability Issues – ATC – TTC – TRM –

CBM calculations – Methodologies to calculate ATC.

UNIT–III
R

Congestion Management
Introduction to congestion management – Methods to relieve congestion

UNIT–IV
Electricity Pricing:
Introduction – Electricity price volatility electricity price indexes –
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Challenges to electricity pricing – Construction of forward price curves –

Short–time price forecasting.

UNIT–V
Power system operation in competitive environment:
Introduction – Operational planning activities of ISO – The ISO in pool
markets – The ISO in bilateral markets – Operational planning activities of a
Genco.

UNIT–VI
Ancillary Services Management:
Introduction – Reactive power as an ancillary service – A review –
Synchronous generators as ancillary service providers.

Learning Outcomes:
Will understand importance of power system deregulation and
AN

restructuring.
Able to compute ATC.
Will understand transmission congestion management.
IL

Able to compute electricity pricing in deregulated environment.

Will be able to understand power system operation in deregulated
environment.
Will understand importance of ancillary services.

Text Books:
PE

1. Kankar Bhattacharya, Math H.J. Boller, Jaap E.Daalder, ‘Operation

of Restructured Power System’ Klum,er Academic Publisher – 2001
2. Mohammad Shahidehpour, and Muwaffaq alomoush, –
TE

“Restructured electrical Power systems” Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2001

3. Loi Lei Lai; “Power system Restructuring and Deregulation”, Jhon
Wiley & Sons Ltd., England.
4. Electrical Power Distribution Case studies from Distribution reform,
R

upgrades and Management (DRUM) Program, by USAID/India,

TMH.