Clad and Lined Pipe Specification: Company Specifications

Eni S.p.A.
Exploration & Production Division
COMPANY SPECIFICATIONS
CLAD AND LINED PIPE SPECIFICATION
02949.MAT.COR.FUN
Rev. 0 – March 2007
ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD
Documento riservato di proprietà di Eni S.p.A. Divisione Agip. Esso non sarà mostrato a Terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of Eni S.p.A. Divisione Agip. It shall neither be shown to Third Parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
Eni S.p.A. 02949.MAT.COR.FUN
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PREMISE
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ISSUE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CLAD AND LINED PIPE SPECIFICATION

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
1.2 References
1.3 Definitions
1.3.1 General Definitions
1.3.2 Specific Definitions
1.4 Symbols and abbreviations
1.5 Quality Assurance and Company Inspection
1.6 Special Requirements
1.7 Linepipe Manufacturing Process
1.8 Purchase Order
1. SCOPE
1.1 Coverage
1.2 General
4. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE AND MATERIAL
4.1 Process of Manufacture
4.2 Cold Expansion
4.3 Heat Treatment
4.4 Welded Clad Pipe
4.5 CRA Liners
5. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
5.1 Composition
5.2 Heat Analyses of the CRA Layer
5.3 Product Analyses of the CRA Layer
5.7 Base Material
6. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
6.1 Mechanical Properties
6.2 Tensile Tests – General
6.3 Testing Frequency
6.5 Transverse Tensile Tests
6.6 Weld Tensile Tests
6.14 Guided Bend Test - Clad Pipe Only
6.16 Weld Ductility Test for Electric-Welded Pipe
6.17 Retests
6.18 Centrifugally Cast Homogeneity Test
6.19 Hardness Tests
6.20 Fracture Toughness Tests
7. SPECIAL TESTS
7.2 Intergranular Corrosion Test
7.3 Test for Bonding
7.4 Metallographic Examination
7.5 Chemical Analysis of Weld Overlay
7.6 Pitting Corrosion Test
7.7 HIC/SWC Testing
8. HYDROSTATIC TESTS
8.1 Inspection Hydrostatic Test
8.2 Verification of Test
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8.3 Test Pressures

8.4 Supplementary Hydrostatic Tests
9. DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS AND LENGTHS
9.1 Dimensions and Weights
9.2 Diameter
9.3 Wall Thickness
9.5 Length
9.6 Straightness
9.7 Jointers
9.8 Pipe Ends
10. NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION
10.1 Inspection Methods for Welded Clad Pipe
10.2 Inspection Methods for Seamless and Centrifugally-Cast Clad Pipe
10.3 Inspection Methods for Lined Pipe
10.4 Radiological Inspection-Equipment
10.5 Fluoroscopic Operator Qualification
10.6 Operator Certification
10.7 Reference Standards
10.10 Procedure for Evaluating In-Motion Operation of the Fluoroscope
10.11 Acceptance Limits
10.14 Weld Repair
10.15 Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Inspection
10.16 Magnetic Particle Inspection
10.17 Dye Penetrant Inspection
11. WORKMANSHIP, VISUAL INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS
11.1 Purchaser Inspection
11.2 Workmanship
11.3 Visual Inspection
11.4 Defects
11.5 Repair of Defects
11.7 Procedure for Repair of Weld Seams of Electric-Weld and Induction-Welded Pipe
12. MARKING AND SURFACE TREATMENT
12.1 Marking – General
12.2 Location of Markings
12.5 Die Stamping
13. DOCUMENTATION
13.1 Certification
13.3 Manufacturing Procedure Specification
13.4 Welding
13.5 Manufacturing Data Book
13.6 Tally List
14. PACKING AND HANDLING
14.1 General
14.2 Method of Packing and Storage
14.3 Transportation and Handling
14.4 Hot-Working Precautions
14.5 Documentation
B.1 Supplementary Requirement 1 (SR1) - Non-destructive Testing of Metallurgically
Bonded Clad Pipe
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B.2 Supplementary Requirement 2 (SR2) - Non-destructive Testing of Mechanically

Bonded Lined Pipe
C.1 Inspection Notice
C.2 Plant Access
C.4 Rejection
E.1 Supplementary Requirement SR5 - Fracture Toughness Testing (Charpy V-Notch)
E.2 Supplementary Requirement SR6 - Drop Weight Tear Testing of Welded Pipe
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PART I INTRODUCTION
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This Specification forms an addendum to API Specification 5LD, Specification for CRA Clad or Lined
Steel Pipe - July 98 and defines additional requirements covering the manufacture, inspection,
testing, marking, coding and supply of clad and lined pipes. This Specification must be read in
conjunction with API Specification 5LD, Specification for CRA Clad or Lined Steel Pipe - July 98.
All pipes shall be produced in accordance with a Manufacturing Procedure Specification that has
been approved by COMPANY and that has been qualified in accordance (Appendix D).
With reference to the Purchase Order, all pipes that shall be suitable for sour service shall comply
with the material requirements of ISO 15156 (NACE-MR0175). Cladding, weld overlays or linings are
not acceptable for preventing SSC for the backing material, which shall be fully compliant with ISO
15156 / NACE MR0175.
1.2 References
API SPEC 5LD Specification for CRA Clad or Lined Steel Pipe - July 98
API RP 5L1 Railroad Transportation of Line pipe
API RP 5L2 Marine Transportation of Line pipe
ASME V Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Non-destructive
Examination
ASME VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Div. 2, Construction of
Pressure Vessels
ASME B46.1 Surface Texture, Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay
ASTM A265 Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel
Plate
ASTM A312 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic
Stainless Steel Pipes
ASTM A358 Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic
Chromium-Nickel Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A578 Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of
Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications
ASTM B423 Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-
Copper Alloy (UNS N08825 and N08221) Seamless Pipe and Tube
ASTM B424 Standard Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNS N08825 and
N08221) Plate, Sheet and Strip
ASTM B444 Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-
Columbium Alloys (UNS N06625) and Nickel-Chromium-
Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219) Pipe and Tube
ASTM B499 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by
the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis
Metals
ASTM B705 Standard Specification for Nickel-Alloy (UNS N06625, N06219and
N08825) Welded Pipe
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ASTM E112 Standard Test Method for Determining Average Grain Size
ASTM E165 Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
ASTM E709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
ASTM E571 Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination
of Nickel and Nickel Alloy Tubular Products
ASTM G48 Standard Test Method for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance
of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of Ferric Chloride
Solution
AWS A5.11 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Welding Electrodes for
Shielded Metal Arc Welding
AWS A5.14 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes
and rods
ISO 2178 Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates; Measurement of
coating thickness; Magnetic method
ISO 2566-1 Steel, conversion of elongation values Part 1 Carbon and low alloy
steels
ISO 9712 Non-destructive testing; qualification and certification of Personnel
ISO 3183-3 Petroleum and natural gas industries – Steel pipe for pipelines –
Technical delivery conditions – Part 3: Pipes of requirement class C
ISO 10474 Steel and steel products, inspection document
ISO 15156 Standard Material requirements for Sulphide Stress Cracking
Resistant Metallic Materials for Oil Field Equipment
NACE TM0177 Laboratory testing of materials for resistance to sulphide stress
cracking and stress corrosion cracking in H2S environments
NACE TM0284 Evaluation of pipeline and pressure vessel steels for resistance to
hydrogen-induced cracking
1.3 Definitions
1.3.1 General Definitions
For the purpose of applying this Specification to a contract or purchase order, the word ‘shall’
indicates a mandatory requirement; the word ‘should’ indicates a recommendation; and following
definitions shall apply:
COMPANY Shall mean Eni E&P or its elected representatives.
CONTRACTOR Shall mean the company appointed by COMPANY to perform the

EPCI works of a package, and its subcontractors, vendors, agents
and authorised representatives.
MANUFACTURER Shall mean the party that manufactures equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by COMPANY or CONTRACTOR.
SUPPLIER Shall mean the party that supplies equipment and services to
perform the duties specified by COMPANY or CONTRACTOR.
1.3.2 Specific Definitions

The definitions stated in Section 3 of API 5LD shall be supplemented by the following definitions.
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Backing Pipe Shall mean the steel pipe forming the pressure envelope to which
the CRA layer is bonded.
Clad Shall mean a metallurgically bonded CRA layer.
CRA Layer Shall mean the internal corrosion resistant alloy layer.
Defect Shall mean a discontinuity or group of discontinuities that produce an

indication during non-destructive testing, which does not meet
specified acceptance criteria.
Discontinuity Shall mean an interruption in the physical structure or configuration

of a pipe that may be either intentional or unintentional.
Flaw Shall mean an interruption in the physical structure or configuration

of a pipe that is unintentional.
Indication Shall mean evidence of a discontinuity observed during non-

destructive testing that requires interpretation to determine its
significance.
Jointer Shall mean a pipe made from two smaller sections of pipe that are
welded together.
Lined Shall mean a mechanically bonded CRA layer.
Lot Shall mean a group of pipes covered by a single test or analysis.
Mechanically Bonded Shall mean the technique used in the manufacture of lined pipe
relying upon the expansion of an internal CRA pipe into an outer
backing pipe.
Metallurgically Bonded Shall mean the technique used in the manufacture of clad pipe
where CRA layer is fused to the base material or backing pipe.
Pipe bevel Shall mean the total weld preparation machined on the end of a pipe.
Plate or coil Shall mean the starting material from which a welded pipe is formed.
Purchaser The term used in API Spec 5LD that shall have the same meaning
as COMPANY.
Radiological The term used in API Spec 5LD that has the same meaning as
radiographic, used in this Specification.
Seal weld Shall mean the weld performed at the ends of a lined pipe to seal the
cavity between the CRA liner and the backing pipe.
Sour Service Exposure to oilfield environments that contains H2S and can cause
cracking of materials by the mechanisms addressed by ISO 15156 /
NACE MR0175.
1.4 Symbols and abbreviations
CE Carbon Equivalent
CLA Centre Line Average
CRA Corrosion Resistant Alloy
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DN Diameter Nominal
DPI Dye Penetrant Inspection
DWTT Drop Weight Tear Test
ECT Eddy Current Testing
EMT Electromagnetic Testing
FBH Flat Bottomed Hole
FCAW-MC Flux Cored Arc Welding - Metal Cored
GMAW Gas Metal Arc Welding
GTAW Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
HAZ Heat Affected Zone
HIC Hydrogen Induced Cracking
HV Vickers Hardness
ID Inside Diameter
MFL Magnetic Flux Leakage
MPI Magnetic Particle Inspection
MPS Manufacturing Procedure Specification
MPQ Manufacturing Procedure Qualification
MT Magnetic Particle Testing
NDT Non-Destructive Testing
OD Outside Diameter
PAW Plasma Arc Welding
Pcm Ito-Bessyo Formula
PQR Procedure Qualification Record
PREN Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number
PT Dye Penetrant Testing
Ra Roughness Average
RDH Radially Drilled Hole
RT Radiographic Testing
SAW Submerged-Arc Welding
SMAW Shielded Metal Arc Welding
SMLS Seamless
UNS Unified Numbering System
UT Ultrasonic Testing
WPS Welding Procedure Specification
1.5 Quality Assurance and Company Inspection
MANUFACTURER shall submit any manufacturing, testing and inspection procedures that require
approval by COMPANY prior to start of production. Production shall not start until approval by
COMPANY has been obtained.
MANUFACTURER shall have in place a quality assurance organization responsible for formulating
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and implementing a quality system, which ensures that the requirements of this specification are
achieved.
Unless otherwise stated in a purchase order, the MANUFACTURER’s quality system shall be based
on ISO 9000 (or COMPANY approved equivalent) and shall be described in a quality assurance
manual.
The manual shall provide for the preparation of a Quality plan that shall include provisions for control
of all raw materials, pipe manufacture and final inspections including hold and witness point.
The Quality Manual and Quality Plan shall be submitted to COMPANY with the tender documents.
The Quality Plan shall be subject to COMPANY approval for incorporation of COMPANY hold and
witness points prior to the start of production. Evidence shall be included in the plan that the
inspection team is independent of production management.
1.6 Special Requirements
All correspondence, reports, manuals, test reports, certificates shall be in the English language or
shall have authenticated translations accompanying them.
If the requirements of this specification cannot be met, written notification of non-compliance,

including explanations and proposed change, shall be provided by the MANUFACTURER for
COMPANY approval.
All pipes supplied in accordance with this specification shall be suitable for application of fusion-
bonded coatings. When specified in the purchase order, pipes shall be suitable for induction bending
or hot forming to produce tees; where this is the case the CRA layer shall be metallurgically bonded
to the backing pipe.
1.7 Linepipe Manufacturing Process
The method to be used for cladding or lining the pipe has been intentionally left open in this
Specification. MANUFACTURER shall submit details of their facilities and their proposed
manufacturing process with their tender to COMPANY for approval prior to purchase order award.
As a minimum, the following information shall be supplied:
1. A description of the production facilities.
2. The production capacity.
3. A reference list of similar pipe sizes and cladding materials produced using the
proposed manufacturing process including:
• full details of manufacturing process used;

• all dimensional tolerances achieved;
• product and heat analysis test results achieved;
• corrosion test results achieved;
• mechanical test results achieved;
• weldability test performed for girth welds and test acceptance criteria used.
4. The name of the steel-maker and CRA maker.
5. The steel-making process including rare earth additions, calcium treatment, de-
sulphurising, sulphide shape control, phosphorus removal and degassing
techniques, if used.
6. The nominal weight of each heat and the size and weight of ingots and billets.
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7. The ingot or billet piercing method and forming techniques.
8. The manufacturing method proposed for each pipe size including where
applicable:
• details of clad/lined pipe forming technique;

• forming temperatures;
• post-forming heat treatments;
• clad welding pre-heat temperatures and post weld heat treatment
temperatures;
• longitudinal weld preparation and welding sequence;
• girth weld preparation and welding sequence, where applicable;
• clad interface activator compositions;
• maximum continuous joint length achievable (without butt welding two joints
together);
• maximum and minimum tolerances achievable for pipe wall thickness, out of
roundness, straightness, internal and external diameter.
9. The method of controlling thickness of the CRA layer and backing pipe during
forming.
10. Full details of all ultrasonic testing equipment used for measuring lack of bond,
the thickness of the CRA layer, the pipe wall thickness and pipe body laminations
and defects including:
• testing technique;
• extent of testing (100% coverage required);
• acceptance criteria;
• sensitivity and calibration technique;
• calibration frequency;
• marking technique used to indicate loss of coupling.
11. Full details of proposed DPI and MPI techniques used for detection of surface
defects in the CRA layer and backing steel pipe including:
• testing technique;
• extent of testing (100% coverage required);
• acceptance criteria;
• reference standards.
12. The proposed technique for confirming that surface indications do not extend
through the CRA layer to the underlying backing material, i.e. ferroxil method.
13. The proposed technique for checking iron dilution into the CRA layer for clad
welding technique.
14. The techniques proposed for measuring the straightness, length, diameter, wall
thickness, out-of-roundness and end squareness.
15. The percentage cold expansion used for sizing purposes (Note: This shall not
change desired mechanical, corrosion resistance or physical properties of pipe).
16. The hydrostatic testing procedures.
17. The method and number of heat treatments.
18. The technique for establishing the bond strength of the CRA layer.
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19. The proposed thickness of the CRA layer if a different thickness is proposed to
that specified in this Specification.
20. The chemical composition of the backing pipe.
21. The chemical composition of CRA layer.
22. Full details of proposed Manufacturing Procedure Qualification testing including

but not limited to the following:
• product and heat analysis testing;

• tensile testing;
• impact testing;
• hardness testing;
• bonding testing;
• SSC and HIC testing;
• pitting testing;
• butt weld testing;
• bend testing;
• macro and metallurgical testing.
23. The NDT techniques to be used for the examination of the butt welds in welded
and/or jointed pipe.
24. Recommendations and precautions to be implemented when clad pipe is to be

induction bent or hot-form to produce tees, i.e.:
• maximum induction bending temperatures;

• post-forming heat treatments.
1.8 Purchase Order
In placing the order for Clad or Lined Pipe, reference should be made to the Section “Suggestion for
Ordering API CRA Clad or Lined Pipe” in API Specification 5LD, Specification for CRA Clad or Lined
Steel Pipe - July 98, Page iv, and to the following table.
Reference Section
Issues to be specified in the Purchase Order
in this Specification
PART I
Transported fluid (sour/not-sour) 1.1
PART II
Quantity/Length ---
Grade of backing pipe and CRA layer 1.1
Suitability for induction bending or hot forming 1.6
Size (inside or outside diameter, wall thickness of backing pipe) 9.1
Further documentation and document submission dates 13.1 to 13.6
Necessity for temporary corrosion protection requirements (coating) 14.1 and 14.2
Bevel configuration ---
Inspection frequency C.1
Necessity for a pre-production meeting C.1
Minimum design temperature E.1
Absorbed energy requirements E.1
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PART II AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API SPEC 5LD

The technical requirements for clad or lined steel pipe materials are based on API 5LD - Second
Edition – July 1998.
The numbering of the following bulleted items corresponds to paragraph numbering in API 5LD and
reflects additions, deletions, modifications, and decisions. All provisions of API 5LD that are not
revised remain in force. Where a cross-reference is made to another part of this Specification, the
referenced section number is shown in brackets.
1. SCOPE
1.1 Coverage
• Subsection 1.1 - Deletion - Delete the third paragraph and replace as follows:
Grades of base metal covered by this specification are X42, X46, X52, X56,
X60, X65, X70 and X80 and grades intermediate to these. Grades of the CRA layer
include UNS Grades S31603, N08825, and N06625. Other grades of the CRA layer
shall be subject to agreement by COMPANY.
1.2 General
• Subsection 1.2c - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
c. CONTRACTOR shall ensure that pipe supplied to this Specification is suitable

for weld end preparation either onshore or offshore.
d. MANUFACTURER shall ensure that the design of the pipe ends is such that, in
the event of damage to the supplied pipe bevel, at least one re-bevelling
operation may be performed.
• Subsection 4.1 - Deletion - Delete the first paragraph and replace as follows:
Clad or lined steel pipe furnished to this specification shall be seamless or

welded pipe, clad or lined, as defined below. Clad or lined centrifugally-cast steel
pipe shall not be furnished.
• Subsection 4.1b - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
1. Seamless. Seamless clad pipe shall be produced by hot working composite

material to form a tubular product that does not contain any welded seams.
2. Welded. Welded clad pipe shall be produced from clad plate or skelp, formed
and welded in accordance with (Section 2.4) of this Specification.
4. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE AND MATERIAL
4.1 Process of Manufacture
c. Base material for lined pipe. The base material for the backing pipe and CRA
layer of lined pipe shall be either seamless or welded.
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Seamless backing pipes and CRA liners shall be produced by hot working to form a
tubular product without a welded seam.
Seamless CRA liners shall be produced in accordance with the requirements of

(Section 4.5.a.1, Section 4.5.b.1 or Section 4.5.c.1), as applicable.
Welded backing pipes shall be produced from plate or skelp, formed and welded in
accordance with (Section 4.4). The internal weld bead shall be ground flush prior to
lining.
Welded CRA liners shall be produced in accordance with the requirements of

(Section 4.5.a.2, Section 4.5.b.2 or Section 4.5.c.2), as applicable. The external
weld bead shall be ground flush prior to lining.
The offset between the longitudinal weld seams of the backing pipe and CRA liner
shall be 90°.
4.2 Cold Expansion
• Subsection 4.2 - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
Cold expansion of the finished heat treated clad or lined pipe for sizing purposes
is permitted up to 1.5% provided that the material properties of the backing pipe and
CRA layer are unaffected.
4.3 Heat Treatment
The base material for backing pipes shall be produced by the electric furnace or
basic oxygen process and shall be fully killed. The material of the backing pipe shall
have a grain size of ASTM 7 or finer, as defined in ASTM E112.
Seamless backing pipes shall be furnished in the normalised, normalised and

tempered or quenched and tempered condition.
The plates for welded backing pipes shall be in the normalised, normalised and
tempered, controlled rolled, controlled rolled plus accelerated cooling, or the
quenched and tempered condition.
Heat treatment shall be performed in accordance with a documented procedure.

MANUFACTURER shall establish and follow procedures for maintaining heat and/or
lot identity.
In the case of lined pipe, the base material of the backing pipe and CRA liner may be
heat treated separately before lining.
4.4 Welded Clad Pipe
• Subsection 4.4 - Addition - New Subsection:
a. Clad Steel Plate Inspection Prior to Pipe Manufacture
By agreement with COMPANY NDT of the clad plate may be carried out
prior to the plate being formed.
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1. Visual Inspection. Visual inspection of the clad plate shall be carried out
over 100% of the clad surface and shall take place after any pickling and
passivation. The examination shall be performed in accordance with ASME
Section V Article 9.
An imperfection shall be considered unacceptable when any of the following

limits are exceeded.
Imperfection: Limit:
Scratches Maximum depth = 0.5 mm

Pits Maximum depth = 0.5 mm
Surface Roughness, Ra Maximum value = 12.5 µm
The surface roughness shall be defined by the Centre Line Average (CLA)
method as per ASME B46.1.
2. Ultrasonic Inspection. Ultrasonic scanning of the clad steel plate shall be

carried out over 100% of the clad surface using a mechanised approach with
automatic recording facilities. In addition, an automatic scanning device
designed to disclose edge defects shall be used to examine the edges of the
plate. An area extending a minimum width of 25 mm from the plate edge shall
be scanned.
The plate thickness shall be checked by scanning along a grid pattern such that
at least 10% of the plate surface is covered.
All ultrasonic examinations shall be carried in accordance with (Section 10.15).
3. Electromagnetic Thickness Measurements. The thickness of the clad layer

shall be verified by electromagnetic (inductive or adhesive force) methods or by
other techniques agreed by COMPANY. Measurements shall be made from the
clad side over a grid pattern in such a way that at least 25% of the surface is
covered.
The accuracy of the clad thickness measurement shall be better than 0.2 mm
and shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 2178 or ASTM B499.
4. Dye Penetrant Inspection. All plate edges shall be dye penetrant inspected
for cracks, laminations and disbondment in accordance with ASTM E165.
No crack-like indications, laminations or disbondment shall be permitted at the

plate edges.
5. Repairs to the Clad Layer. All defects found during inspection of the clad
plate shall be documented by MANUFACTURER. If a defect has to be repaired
by welding, approval shall be obtained from COMPANY prior to the repair being
made.
Defects on the surface of the cladding shall be removed by grinding and the
defective area examined by dye penetrant inspection. The remaining thickness
shall checked using an electromagnetic method, as detailed in (Section 4.4.a.3),
and shall be within the limits given in (Section 9.3).
If the remaining thickness of the cladding is below the limits given in (Section
9.3), the thickness may be recovered by welding subject to approval by
COMPANY.
The surface roughness of all repairs shall conform to the requirements of

(Section 4.4.a.1).
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b. Process of Pipe Manufacture
1. Plate Forming Processes. The plate shall be formed into pipe at room
temperature.
2. Welding Processes. All tack, longitudinal and girth welds shall be made
with the addition of filler metal using a qualified welding procedure in
accordance with (Section 13.4).
Tack welds shall be made using GMAW, gas shielded FCAW, or SMAW using
low hydrogen electrodes. The diffusible hydrogen content of the resulting weld
metal shall not exceed 10 ml/100 g of deposited metal.
As part of the manufacturing procedure qualification test, the location of each

tack weld shall be marked adjacent to the weld. During subsequent sectioning
of the weld for mechanical testing, at least one macro specimen as detailed in
(Appendix D, Section D.4), shall be remove from the location of a tack weld.
Examination of the macro specimen shall verify that complete fusion of the tack
weld into the subsequent filler pass has been achieved.
Welds shall be full penetration and shall be made using one or more of the
following processes: SAW, GTAW and GMAW. The use of electric resistance
welding or high frequency induction welding processes shall not be permitted.
All longitudinal seams shall be a double-sided butt weld and shall be weld
overlaid on the inside such that the depth of the overlay is at least equal to the
thickness of the cladding (See Section 7.4).
Welding parameters controlling the consistency of overlay welding of the internal

bead shall be continuously recorded and records provided for subsequent
verification.
Run-on and run-off tabs shall be used for all longitudinal seams. The tabs shall
be removed by cold cutting or grinding.
For gas shielded welding processes, hydrogen additions in the shielding and/or
backing gas shall not be permitted.
3. AISI 316L Stainless Steel (UNS S31603) Clad Material. The longitudinal
seam shall be weld overlaid on the inside using either AISI 309 Mo (AWS A5.9
ER309Mo) or 309 MoL (AWS A5.9 ER309MoL) for the first layer and either
316L (AWS A5.9 ER316L) or 317L (AWS A5.9 ER317L) for the subsequent
layers. The Mo content of the filler material shall be sufficient to ensure the Mo
content of the finished weld is equal to, or greater than, the Mo content of the
clad material.
For girth welds made from two sides, the same requirements as those specified
for the longitudinal seam shall apply. For girth welds made from one side only,
either AISI 309Mo or 309 MoL shall be used throughout.
4. Alloy 825 (UNS N08825) Clad Material. The longitudinal seam shall be
weld overlaid on the inside using an Alloy 625 filler material.
for the longitudinal seam shall apply. For girth welds welded from one side only,
Alloy 625 shall be used throughout.
In the selection of the welding parameters, specific care shall be taken to avoid
hot cracking (see also Section 7.4).
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5. Alloy 625 (UNS N06625) Clad Material. The longitudinal seam shall be
weld overlaid on the inside using an Alloy 625 filler material.
for the longitudinal seam shall apply. For girth welds welded from one side only,
Alloy 625 shall be used throughout.
In the selection of the welding parameters, specific care shall be taken to avoid
hot cracking (see also Section 7.4).
4.5 CRA Liners
a. AISI 316L Stainless Steel (UNS S31603) Liners.
1. Seamless. Seamless stainless steel liners shall be manufactured in

accordance with ASTM A312. Jointers shall not be permitted.
2. Welded. Welded stainless steel liners shall be manufactured in

accordance with ASTM A358 and shall comply with the requirements for Class 1
or Class 3 pipes specified therein. The liner shall contain one longitudinal weld.
Jointers shall not be permitted.
Welds shall be made using one or more of the following processes: SAW,
GTAW and GMAW. The use of other welding processes shall be subject to
approval by COMPANY. The use of welding to repair of defects in the base
material shall not be permitted.
b. Alloy 825 (UNS N08825) Liners.
1. Seamless. Seamless Alloy 825 liners shall be manufactured in accordance

with ASTM B423 in either the hot-finished, annealed and pickled condition or the
cold-worked, annealed and pickled condition. Jointers shall not be permitted.

accordance with ASTM B705 and shall comply with the requirements for Class 2
pipes specified therein. The liner shall contain one longitudinal weld. The use
of jointers shall not be permitted.
c. Alloy 625 (UNS N08825) Liners.
1. Seamless. Seamless Alloy 825 liners shall be manufactured in accordance

with ASTM B444 and shall comply with the requirements for Class 1 or Class 2
pipes specified therein. The surface finish shall be in accordance with
Supplementary Requirement X.2.2.2 of ASTM B444, i.e. pipes shall be pickled
and not ground. Jointers shall not be permitted.

accordance with ASTM B705 and shall comply with the requirements for Class 2
pipes specified therein. The liner shall contain one longitudinal weld. Jointers
shall not be permitted.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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5. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
5.1 Composition
The composition of the CRA layer and limitations on heat and product analysis
shall be contained in the MPS as detailed in (Section 13.3). The composition of the
CRA layer shall conform to the applicable UNS number and shall be confirmed by
product analysis as detailed in (Section 5.3). The product analysis shall be reported
on the material test certificate for the finished pipe.
In the case of pipes where the CRA layer is specified as UNS N08825 (Gr.L2242),
the CRA layer shall have a minimum Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number of 33
calculated using the following formula:
PREN = Cr + 3.3 · Mo + 16 · N
5.2 Heat Analyses of the CRA Layer
• Subsection 5.2 - Deletion - Delete the second paragraph.
5.3 Product Analyses of the CRA Layer
The CRA layer shall be analysed for product analysis as indicated below. The
composition of each analysis shall conform to the requirements of (Section 5.1).
a. Lined Seamless or Welded Pipe. MANUFACTURER shall ensure that product

analyses are made as part of the manufacturing procedure for the liner. The extent
and method of analysis shall be in accordance with the relevant ASTM standard
referenced in (Section 4.5).
b. Clad Seamless or Welded Pipe. MANUFACTURER shall analyse the CRA

layer of one pipe from each lot. Samples for analyses shall be taken from pipes
which are essentially complete, but which may not necessarily have been trimmed to
their final pipe lengths. In the case of clad welded pipe, samples shall be taken from
a location at least 90° from the longitudinally seam.
5.7 Base Material
MANUFACTURER shall propose a chemical composition for the each type and
grade of pipe to be supplied. Each composition shall be contained in the MPS and,
unless otherwise agreed by COMPANY, shall be within the maximum allowable limits
specified in Table 5.7-1 or 5.7-2, as appropriate to the product type and grade.
Provided that the final alloy content does not exceed the maximum allowable limit,
with reference to the target chemistry proposed by the manufactured, the content of
Rev. 0 March 2007
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each of the elements listed below may vary by up to the figure shown.
Element: Maximum Allowable

Variation, wt%:
C ± 0.03
Mn ± 0.30
Si ± 0.25
Cu ± 0.10
Ni ± 0.10
Mo ± 0.05
Cr ± 0.05
Nb ± 0.02
V ± 0.02
Ti ± 0.02
Any variation in excess of the figure shown above shall not be permitted.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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Table 5.7-1 Chemical Composition of Welded Steel Pipe (1, 2, 3, 4)
Product analysis, maximum weight %
Grade X42 X52 X60 X65 X70 X80

(5)
C 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14
Mn (5) 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.75 1.85
Si 0.40 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45
P 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020
S 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
Cu 0.35 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Ni 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Mo 0.10 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
(6)
Cr 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Al (total) (7) 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
Nb (8, 9) 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
(8)
V 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10
(8)
Ti 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
N (7) 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
(10)
B 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005
(11)
CE 0.34 0.37 0.38 0.39 0.41 0.44
Pcm (12) 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.25
Notes
1) Chemical composition applies for wall thicknesses up to 35 mm and shall be subject to agreement
by COMPANY for larger wall thicknesses.
2) When scrap material is being used in steel production, the amount of the following residual
elements shall be determined and reported, and the levels shall not exceed: 0.03% As, 0.01% Sb,
0.02% Sn, 0.01% Pb, 0.01% Bi and 0.006% Ca.
3) When calcium is intentionally added, the Ca/S ratio shall be = 1.5 when S > 0.0015.
4) Except for deoxidation elements, other elements than those mentioned in this table shall not be
intentionally added if not specifically agreed by COMPANY.
5) For each reduction of 0.01% carbon below the maximum specified value, an increase of 0.05%
manganese above the specified maximum values is permitted with a maximum increase of 0.1%.
6) 0.5 - 1.0% Cr may be used subject to agreement by COMPANY.
7) Al : N ≥ 2:1 (not applicable for titanium killed steels).
8) (Nb + V + Ti)% maximum: 0.12%. This value may be increased to maximum 0.15% subject to
agreement by COMPANY.
9) The niobium content may be increased to 0.10% subject to agreement by COMPANY.
10) Boron (max 30 ppm) may be added subject to agreement.
Mn Cr + Mo + V Cu + Ni
11) CE = C + + +
6 5 15
Si Mn + Cu + Cr Ni Mo V
12) Pcm =C+ + + + + + 5 ⋅B
30 20 60 15 10
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Table 5.7-2 Chemical Composition of Seamless Steel Pipe (1, 2, 3)
Product analysis, maximum weight %
Grade X42 X52 X60 X65 X70 X80

(4)
C 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.16
Mn (4) 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.75 1.85
Si 0.40 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45
P 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020
S 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
Cu 0.35 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Ni 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Mo 0.10 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
(5)
Cr 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Al (total) (6) 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
Nb (7) 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06
(7)
V 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.10
(7)
Ti 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06
N (6) 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
(8)
B 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005
t ≤ 15 0.34 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.43
CE (9)
15 < t < 26 0.35 0.38 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.44
Pcm t ≤ 15 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.26
(10)
15 < t < 26 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.27
Notes
1) The chemical composition shown applies for wall thicknesses up to 26 mm and shall be subject to
agreement by COMPANY for larger wall thicknesses.
2) When scrap material is being used in steel production, the amount of the following residual
elements shall be determined and reported, and the levels shall not exceed: 0.03% As, 0.01% Sb,
0.02% Sn, 0.01% Pb, 0.01% Bi and 0.006% Ca.
3) Except for deoxidisation elements, other elements than those mentioned in this table shall not be
intentionally added if not specifically agreed by COMPANY.
4) For each reduction of 0.01% carbon below the maximum specified value, an increase of 0.05%
manganese above the specified maximum values is permitted with a maximum increase of 0.1%.
5) 0.5 - 1.0% Cr may be used subject to agreement by COMPANY.
6) Al : N ≥ 2:1 (not applicable for titanium killed steels)
7) (Nb + V + Ti)% maximum : 0.12%. This value may be increased to maximum 0.15% subject to
agreement by COMPANY.
8) Boron (max 30 ppm) may be added subject to agreement by COMPANY.
Mn Cr + Mo + V Cu + Ni
9) CE = C + + +
6 5 15
Si Mn + Cu + Cr Ni Mo V
10) Pcm =C+ + + + + + 5 ⋅B
30 20 60 15 10
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6. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS
6.1 Mechanical Properties
All mechanical tests shall be performed on specimens taken from backing pipe.
The pipe shall be in its final heat-treated condition and shall have been subjected to
all hot or cold working operations involved in the manufacture of the product of which
it is representative (This shall include any heat treatment required in the installation
of a liner.
When tensile tests are made using flattened bar specimens, the ratio of body (base
metal) yield strength to tensile strength shall not exceed 0.90. When round bar or
non-flattened rectangular specimens are tested, the ratio of base metal yield strength
to tensile strength shall not exceed 0.93.
The measured yield strength shall not exceed the minimum specified value by more
than 150 MPa.
The minimum tensile elongation shall be not less than 20%.
Samples removed for the determination of tensile, toughness or microstructural

properties shall be prepared by machining. If thermal cutting is used to remove pipe
coupons from which test specimens are to be prepared, the full extent of the heat
affected region shall be removed during machining of the specimens.
6.2 Tensile Tests – General
• Subsection 6.2 - Addition - Add the following:
The testing procedure shall be in accordance with ASTM A370.
6.3 Testing Frequency
Unless otherwise agreed by COMPANY, both longitudinal and transverse tensile

tests shall be carried out.
Tests shall be performed on samples taken from two pipes per heat. Where a heat
consists of less than twenty pipes, tests shall only be required on samples taken from
one pipe from the heat.
6.5 Transverse Tensile Tests
Flattened rectangular specimens, from which the CRA layer has been removed,
shall be used to determine transverse tensile. The ring expansion method shall not
be used unless specific approval has been obtained from COMPANY.
6.6 Weld Tensile Tests

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Weld tensile specimens shall be taken from the same part of the pipe used for
preparing parent metal tensile specimens. The weld reinforcement shall be removed
from both the inside and outside surfaces of specimens before they are tested.
6.14 Guided Bend Test - Clad Pipe Only
Guided bend tests shall be performed on welded pipe in accordance with API
Spec 5L. One side bend test shall be made on the base material complete with the
clad layer. In addition, in the case of welded pipe, one transverse face and one
transverse root bend test shall also be made on the weld in accordance with ASTM
A370.
The minimum bending angle shall be 150° with a bend radius of 1.5·t, where t is the
thickness of the plate complete with the clad layer.
A specimen shall have failed if it shows any disbondment or contains any open flaws
exceeding 1.6 mm in length.
6.16 Weld Ductility Test for Electric-Welded Pipe
• Subsection 6.16 - Deletion - Delete this subsection in its entirety.
6.17 Retests
6.18 Centrifugally Cast Homogeneity Test
6.19 Hardness Tests
For seamless pipes, hardness testing shall be carried out on two rings cut from
opposite ends of one pipe from each heat. Three specimens shall be removed from
each ring at locations 120° apart. A hardness survey shall be made on each
specimen in accordance with (Appendix D, Section D.4b) and shall determine the
hardness of the backing pipe. The maximum and minimum hardness values
obtained from these tests shall not differ by more than 20 points from those obtained
from the first day production tests.
For welded pipes, hardness testing shall be carried out on a ring cut from one end of
one pipe from each heat. Tests shall be made in accordance with (Appendix D,
Section D.4a) and shall determine the hardness of the weld, heat affected zone and
parent material of the backing pipe. For sour service applications, the maximum
hardness of backing pipe and CRA layer shall not exceed the relevant limits specified
within ISO 15156 / NACE MR0175 Part 2. For non sour service applications, the
hardness of the backing pipe shall not exceed 325 HV10.
6.20 Fracture Toughness Tests

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In the case of both seamless and welded backing pipes, Charpy V-notch tests
shall be performed in accordance with (Appendix E) on each test ring taken for
tensile testing.
Where post weld heat treatment is to be carried out during installation of the pipe, a
duplicate set of Charpy V-notch tests shall be made on material in the simulated post
weld heat treated condition. Tests on pipe in the simulated post weld heat treated
condition shall be made unless otherwise instructed by COMPANY.
For gas transmission pipelines with a nominal outside diameter of 406.4mm or

greater, drop weight tear tests shall also be carried out on one pipe from each heat.
Tests shall be made in accordance with (Appendix E).
7. SPECIAL TESTS
7.2 Intergranular Corrosion Test
• Subsection 7.2
For austenitic steel (LC3O-1812) and alloy 625 nickel alloy (LC3O-2262): leave
unchanged.
For nickel alloy 825 (LC3O-2242): delete clause d. and modify clause a. as follows
(and leave the remaining unchanged):
a. Summary of Test Procedure. Intergranular testing shall be performed as per

ASTM A262 Practice C (Huey Test) on CRA layer and welds for both lined and clad
pipe. Specimens shall be tested without any preparation or cleaning to the internal
bore in order that coupons may be as representative as possible of the piece they
come from. Acceptance criteria for the CRA layer and welds shall be corrosion rate v
< 1 g/m2/h (=40mpy).
7.3 Test for Bonding
a. Clad Steel Pipe
Three transverse face bend tests shall be made in accordance with ASTM A264
to verify the bond quality. In addition, three shear tests shall be made in accordance
with ASTM A264 except that the minimum shear strength shall be 250 MPa.
Where tests are carried out on welded pipe, the location from which the test
specimens are taken shall be remote from the weld.
b. Lined Steel Pipe
The gripping force shall be measured using the residual compressive stress
test.
Four bi-axial strain gauges shall be placed on the inside surface of the CRA layer of
a 250 mm long ring cut from the lined pipe. The CRA liner shall be taken out of the
base metal restriction by saw-cutting through the backing pipe. The change in hoop
strains and axial strains before and after take-out shall be measured and the bonding
force calculated as an average value.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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7.4 Metallographic Examination
In the case of welded pipe, three metallographic test specimens shall be taken
from each longitudinal seam. The locations from which the specimens are removed
shall be determined by COMPANY.
Each specimen shall be embrace the complete weld cross-section and shall include
a minimum of 15mm of unaffected parent material at each side of the weld.
Specimens shall be polished and etched to allow both macroscopic and microscopic
examinations to be made.
Each specimen shall be assessed against the following acceptance criteria:
Table 7.4/1 – Acceptance Criteria
Feature Acceptance Criteria
Lack of fusion Not permitted(3)
Weld undercut 0.5 mm maximum
Plate edge misalignment (See Section 11.2b)
Disruption in continuity in CRA layer Not permitted(3)
Minimum thickness of CRA layer(1) 2.5 mm
Hot cracking Not permitted(3)
Sigma or other inter-metallic phases Not permitted(3)
Ferrite content of AISI 316L (UNS S31603) weld deposits(2) 5-13%
Notes:
1) The average thickness of the CRA layer shall be not less than 3.0 mm and the
maximum thickness shall be not greater than 4.0 mm.
2) The ferrite content shall be established by either a point count (ASTM E-562) or
magnetic method.
3) Not visible at micro-examination (minimum 200x magnification)
7.5 Chemical Analysis of Weld Overlay
A chemical analysis shall be made of the weld overlay on one of the specimens
from (Section 7.4) or on another specimen prepared specially for this purpose.
The analysis shall be done by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at a point

located in the middle of the overlay bead, approximately 1 mm below the surface,
and shall conform with (Section 5.1). If overlay welding is done with more than one
bead, each bead shall be analysed separately.
As a minimum the analysis shall include Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo and Fe. The values
measured shall be consistent with a dilution of the filler metal composition by less
than 25%. In the case of Alloy 625 overlay (UNS N06625), the iron content shall not
exceed 5% at 2.5 mm from the base metal interface.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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The dilution may be established either by a comparison of the alloy content of the
weld deposit against that shown on the welding consumable test certificate or by a
direct measurement of the combined thickness of the backing pipe and CRA layer.
Where a comparison of the alloy content is made, the values obtained from the
deposit shall be not less than 75% of the values shown on the welding consumable
test certificate.
Where by a direct measurement of the combined thickness of the backing pipe and
CRA layer, the combined thickness of the backing pipe and CRA layer minus the
original thickness of the backing pipe (before it the CRA layer was applied) shall be
at least 75% of the total thickness of the CRA layer (including the penetration into the
backing pipe) as measured from a macro specimen.
7.6 Pitting Corrosion Test
During Production, pitting corrosion test shall be carried out on weldments and
CRA layer at a frequency of 1 per heat of CRA (or 1 per 200 pipes) in accordance
with ASTM G48, Method A. Specimens shall be tested without any preparation or
cleaning to the internal bore. The test shall be performed at a temperature of 22°C
for 24 hours. The acceptance criteria shall be corrosion rate v < 1 g/m2/h (=40 mpy)
and no visual pitting.
7.7 HIC/SWC Testing
HIC/SWC testing of backing material shall be considered as per ISO 15156 /

NACE MR0175 Part 3 clause A.13.1 and Part 2 clause 8. If the sulphur content of
backing material is within the maximum acceptable levels stated in clause 8 of ISO
15156 / NACE MR0175 Part 2, the HIC/SWC test can be omitted if agreed with the
COMPANY, otherwise testing method and acceptance criteria are to be in
accordance with Annex B of ISO 15156 / NACE MR0175 Part 2.
8. HYDROSTATIC TESTS
8.1 Inspection Hydrostatic Test
All pipes shall be hydrostatically tested after cladding or lining and heat
treatment and shall be thoroughly cleaned to remove any contamination. The
hydrostatic test shall be carried out prior to the non-destructive testing required by
(Section 10). Only fresh water shall be used for the test and shall have a chloride ion
content of less than 200 ppm (mg/kg) for alloy 625 and less than 50 ppm (mg/kg) for
alloy 825 and AISI 316L. The temperature of the water shall be not less than 5°C.
Each length of pipe shall withstand, without leakage, a hydrostatic test to at least the
pressure specified in (Section 8.3). The test pressure shall be maintained for at least
15 seconds.
After hydrostatic testing, pipes shall be dried and stored in such a way that they are
kept dry.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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8.2 Verification of Test
• Subsection 8.2 - Addition - Add the following paragraph at the end:
The test pressure measuring device shall be calibrated by means of a dead weight
tester, or equivalent, within the 4 months prior to use. The calibration records shall be
retained by MANUFACTURER and shall be made available to COMPANY upon
request for a 3-year period after the date of purchase from MANUFACTURER.
8.3 Test Pressures
In all cases, the minimum test pressure shall be calculated based on the
minimum specified wall thickness of the backing pipe and shall be such that the hoop
stress is at least 95% of the specified minimum yield strength. MANUFACTURER
shall submit appropriate calculations for determining the test pressure to COMPANY
for approval.
In calculating the hoop stress the applied forces for end-sealing should be
considered. By agreement between COMPANY and MANUFACTURER, the
hydrostatic test pressure may be determined in accordance with (APPENDIX H).
8.4 Supplementary Hydrostatic Tests
9. DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS AND LENGTHS
9.1 Dimensions and Weights
Pipes shall be furnished in the outside diameters and wall thicknesses specified
in the purchase order. Where a specified nominal inside diameter is required, this
will be indicated in the purchase order and the outside diameter and/or wall thickness
will be governed by this requirement.
For the purpose of establishing compliance with dimensional tolerance requirements,

inspection shall be carried out on the pipe in its finished condition.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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• Table 3 - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
Table 3 − Tolerances on dimensions
Outside / Inside Diameter Out-of-Roundness and Wall Thickness
Pipe Body - Outside Diameter Out-of-Roundness
Outside diameter measurements on the body of the Each pipe on which diameter measurements have
pipe shall be at the mill using a diameter tape. been made shall be checked for out-of-roundness.
Measurements shall be made on a random basis, but
no less than three measurements shall be made in Pipe Body Out-of-Roundness
every twenty pipes. The actual outside diameter shall
not deviate from the specified nominal outside diameter The out-of-roundness of the pipe body shall be
by more than ±3.0 mm. determined by measuring the maximum and minimum
external diameter at a pipe cross-section.
Pipe Ends - Inside Diameter
The maximum allowable out-of-roundness shall be
The inside diameter shall be checked on each of the given by:
pipes on which outside diameter measurements have
been made. The inside diameter shall be checked at ODmax − ODmin ≤ 3.0 mm
both ends of the pipe for a length of 100 mm from the
pipe end. Measurements shall be made at three equidistant
locations along the pipe. In the case of welded pipe,
In the case of seamless pipe, the actual inside diameter non-circularity at the position of the longitudinal weld
shall not deviate by more than ±2.0 mm from the shall be checked at the same three positions.
nominal inside diameter. In the case of welded pipe,
the actual inside diameter shall not deviate by more Pipe Ends Out-of-Roundness
than ±1.5mm from the nominal inside diameter
At the pipe ends the out-of-roundness shall be
The nominal inside diameter shall be defined as the checked using an internal ring-gauge with an outside
nominal outside diameter, minus twice the nominal wall diameter 5.0 mm less than the nominal inside diameter
thickness of the backing pipe and CRA layer combined. of the pipe. The gauge shall be able to pass freely into
each end of the pipe, for a distance of at least 100 mm,
The inside diameter shall be measured using an internal when held normal to the pipe axis.
gauge or a measuring tape inside the pipe. The method
and equipment used shall be subject to approval by Pipe Wall Thickness
COMPANY. For pipes with an outside diameter of
219.1 mm or smaller, the inside diameter may be Seamless Pipes - The actual pipe wall thickness shall
calculated by taking the outside diameter measurement not vary from the nominal pipe wall thickness by more
and subtracting twice the actual thickness of the pipe than ±12.5% regardless of pipe size.
wall and CRA layer from this value.
Welded Pipes - The actual pipe wall thickness shall be
at least 95% and not more than 110% of the nominal
pipe wall thickness.
Thickness of the CRA Layer
The thickness of the CRA layer shall be checked at

four equally spaced points around the circumference at
each end of the pipe.
The minimum thickness at any point shall be not less

than 2.8 mm and the average of the eight thickness
measurements shall be not less than 3.0 mm. The
maximum thickness at any point shall be not greater
than 4.0 mm, unless agreed otherwise by COMPANY.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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9.2 Diameter
The diameter shall be within the tolerances specified in (Table 3).
9.3 Wall Thickness
Each length of finished pipe shall be checked for conformance to wall thickness
and CRA layer requirements. The thickness of the pipe wall and CRA layer at any
point shall conform to the tolerances specified in (Table 3). Thickness
measurements shall be made with a mechanical calliper or with a properly calibrated
non-destructive inspection device of appropriate accuracy.
9.5 Length
Pipes shall be supplied in lengths between 11.6 and 12.8 m. The minimum
average length of each day’s production shall be 11.9 m.
Where the use of jointers has been approved by COMPANY, jointers shall be
supplied in lengths between 5.6 and 6.6 m. The minimum average length of the
completed double joints of each day’s production shall be 11.9 m.
9.6 Straightness
Every pipe shall be checked for straightness using a taut string or wire from end
to end along the side of the pipe. The maximum deviation from a straight line shall
be 1.5 mm/m (measured in any 1 m length of the pipe) and 12 mm total over a full
length of pipe.
9.7 Jointers
Where the use of jointers is approved by COMPANY, pipes may be furnished by

welding together jointers, provided that the finished pipe length contains only one
girth weld. Girth weld shall be made in accordance with a COMPANY approved
procedure.
Where welded pipes are to be jointed, the longitudinal seams shall be staggered by
45° - 90°.
Each finished pipe length shall be subject to a hydrotest as detailed in (Section 8).
No expansion shall be carried out after the circumferential weld has been completed.
9.8 Pipe Ends

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Unless specified otherwise by COMPANY, clad pipe shall be furnished with

plain ends cut perpendicular to the pipe axis. The ends of all lined pipe shall be seal-
welded and shall be prepared in accordance with a COMPANY approved procedure.
The maximum deviation from the perpendicular across the face at each end of the
pipe shall be 0.5% of the nominal outside diameter up to a maximum of 1.5 mm.
10. NON-DESTRUCTIVE INSPECTION
• Section 10 - Addition - Add the following paragraphs at the start of this section:
The Manufacturer shall demonstrate to COMPANY prior to the start of

production that the NDT techniques and procedures to be used are capable of
identifying all of the surface and sub-surface defects referred to in this Specification.
Measuring equipment for inspection and testing shall be selected such that it has a
resolution and accuracy at least five times better than the tolerance of the parameter
being measured. Similarly, the accuracy of standards against which a piece of
equipment is calibrated shall be at least five times better than the equipment being
calibrated.
Only measuring equipment which can be demonstrated to have been previously

calibrated satisfactorily and that is within its documented calibration period shall be
used for inspection and testing.
All NDT shall be performed by inspectors qualified to ISO 9712 level II or equivalent
in the relevant technique. Subject to approval by COMPANY, operators qualified to
ISO 9712 level I or equivalent may be used for certain activities provided that they
are supervised by a level II inspector. In the case of ultrasonic testing, an inspector
qualified to ISO 9712 level III or equivalent shall be responsible for the endorsement
of relevant NDT procedures and verification of the quality of NDT reports. The
validity of equivalent qualifications shall be determined by COMPANY.
All NDT shall be performed in accordance with written procedures approved by

COMPANY.
10.1 Inspection Methods for Welded Clad Pipe
1. General. NDT for final acceptance shall be performed when the pipe is
essentially complete, i.e. all heat treatment and expansion operations shall have
been done, and the pipe shall have been hydrostatically tested. By agreement with
COMPANY, NDT may be done on the pipe before it is cut to length and bevelled.
2. Radiographic Testing. The last 200 mm at both ends of the longitudinal weld
seam shall be 100% radiographed. Where the use of jointers has been approved by
COMPANY, the complete girth weld shall be 100% radiographed.
Radiographic testing shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Section V, Article
2 and (Section 10.4).
3. Ultrasonic Testing. All longitudinal and circumferential weld seams shall be

inspected over their entire length for both longitudinal and transverse defects. In
addition, the last 100mm at each end of the pipe and an area extending 25 mm each
side of the weld seam, along its full length, shall be inspected for laminations and
disbondment. Testing at the pipe ends shall be done from the clad side and shall
include the full circumference of the pipe.
Rev. 0 March 2007
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Where automatic equipment is used, inspection for longitudinal and transverse

defects, including chevron cracking, shall be carried out simultaneously. The end
portions of the longitudinal weld seam that cannot be tested automatically shall be
tested manually.
4. Dye Penetrant Testing. The internal weld reinforcement shall be ground flush
for a distance of 300 mm from each end of the pipe and the resultant surface dye
penetrant inspected in accordance with ASTM E165. Any indications shall be
removed by grinding and the remaining thickness checked to verify that it is within
the limits given in (Section 9.3). If any indication of cracking is found, the pipe end
shall be cut off 25 mm beyond the end of the crack and the longitudinal weld at the
new pipe end ground and dye penetrant inspected as described above.
5. Magnetic Particle Inspection. The entire outside surface of the longitudinal

seam in pipes used for the manufacturing procedure qualification and pipes selected
for production testing shall be subject to 100% magnetic particle inspection in
10.2 Inspection Methods for Seamless and Centrifugally-Cast Clad Pipe
1. General. NDT for final acceptance shall be performed when the pipe is
essentially complete, i.e. the pipe shall be in its finished heat-treated condition and
shall have been hydrostatically tested. By agreement with COMPANY, NDT may be
done on the pipe before it is cut to length and bevelled.
2. Ultrasonic Testing. Each pipe shall be tested along its entire length for
laminations and disbondment. Where automatic equipment is used, inspection for
longitudinal and transverse defects shall be carried out simultaneously. The end
portions of the pipe that cannot be tested automatically shall be tested manually; the
full circumference of pipe ends shall be tested over the length of the untested portion
plus a 25 mm overlap of the automatically tested area.
Where possible, an ultrasonic inspection technique shall also be used to determine

the thickness of the CRA layer. The pipe shall be scanned using a helical pattern
which ensures that a minimum of 25% of the outside surface of the pipe is covered.
3. Electromagnetic Thickness Measurements. Where it is not possible to

determine the wall thickness of the CRA layer by ultrasonic inspection, then an
electromagnetic (inductive or adhesive force) method shall be applied.
Thickness measurements shall be from the inside pipe at 250 mm intervals along its
full length. The accuracy to which the thickness of the CRA layer can be measured
shall be 0.2 mm or better.
5. Magnetic Particle Inspection. The entire outside surface of the pipes used for
the manufacturing procedure qualification and pipes selected for production testing
shall be subject to 100% magnetic particle inspection in accordance with (Section
10.16).
10.3 Inspection Methods for Lined Pipe

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1. General. Each backing pipe and CRA liner shall be radiographically and/or
ultrasonically tested as part of its process of manufacturer as specified in (Section 4).
The extent and method of testing shall be as specified below.
In addition, each finished lined pipe shall be ultrasonically inspected along its entire
length to verify the thickness of the backing pipe and the thickness and continuity of
the CRA liner. The pipe shall be scanned from the outside and/or inside using a
helical pattern which ensures that a minimum of 25% of the outside/inside surface of
the pipe is covered. The accuracy to which the thickness of the CRA layer is
measured shall be 0.2 mm or better.
2. Dye Penetrant Testing. Where the liner is welded, the internal weld
reinforcement shall be ground flush for a distance of 300 mm from each end of the
pipe and the resultant surface together with the seal welds 100% dye penetrant
inspected in accordance with ASTM E165. Where the liner is seamless, the seal
welds shall be 100% dye penetrant inspected in accordance with ASTM E165.
Any indications shall be removed by grinding and the remaining thickness checked to
verify that it is within the limits given in (Section 9.3).
In all cases where grinding is carried out to remove flaws that are disclosed by NDT,
the area of the weld that has been ground shall be subjected to additional dye
penetrant testing after the grinding operation.
a. Welded Backing Pipe
1. Ultrasonic Testing. The entire length of the longitudinal seam in the backing
pipe shall be inspected for both longitudinal and transverse defects. Where
automatic equipment is used, inspection for longitudinal and transverse defects,
including chevron cracking, shall be carried out simultaneously. The end portions of
the longitudinal weld seam that cannot be tested automatically shall be tested
manually.
2. Radiographic Testing. The entire length of the longitudinal seam in the liner and
the last 200 mm at both ends of the longitudinal weld seam in the backing pipe shall
be 100% radiographed.
Radiographic testing shall be carried out in accordance with ASME Section V, Article
2 and (Section 10.4).
3. Magnetic Particle Inspection. The entire outside surface of the longitudinal

seam in pipes used for the manufacturing procedure qualification and pipes selected
for production testing shall be subject to 100% magnetic particle inspection in
accordance with (Section 10.16)
b. Seamless Backing Pipe
1. Ultrasonic Testing. Each seamless backing pipe shall be 100% inspected along
its entire length for internal and external surface defects and for embedded
longitudinal and transverse defects. Where automatic equipment is used, inspection
for longitudinal and transverse defects shall be carried out simultaneously. The end
portions of the pipe that cannot be tested automatically shall be tested manually; the
full circumference of pipe ends shall be tested over the length of the untested portion
plus a 25 mm overlap of the automatically tested area.
In addition each seamless backing pipe shall also be inspected for laminations. The
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pipe shall be scanned from the outside surface using a helical pattern which ensures
that a minimum of 25% of coverage.
2. Magnetic Particle Inspection. The entire outside surface of pipes used for the
manufacturing procedure qualification and pipes selected for production testing shall
be subject to 100% magnetic particle inspection in accordance with (Section 10.16)
10.4 Radiological Inspection-Equipment
Each radiographic examination shall be made employing X-ray equipment and

using the film type indicated below:
- Speed: slow;
- Contrast: very high;
- Grain: very fine;
- Examples: Kodak Industrex M, Kodak Industrex TMX, Kodak Industrex T,
Agfa D2, Agfa D4, Fuji 50.
MANUFACTURER shall record on a review form accompanying the radiograph or

within the mill computer system, the interpretation of each radiograph and disposition
of the pipe inspected.
Radiographic examination shall not be used for pipe wall thicknesses in excess of 20
mm. Acceptance of pipes with a wall thickness in excess of 20 mm shall be base on
ultrasonic examination in accordance with (Section 10.15).
10.5 Fluoroscopic Operator Qualification
10.6 Operator Certification
10.7 Reference Standards
A wire type penetrameter in accordance with ISO 1027 shall be used.
10.10 Procedure for Evaluating In-Motion Operation of the Fluoroscope
10.11 Acceptance Limits
• Subsection 10.11 - Addition - Add the following wording at the end of this subsection:
Films shall be judged in accordance with ASME VIII, Division 1, Paragraph UW 51

with the following additions:
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- continuous or semi-continuous undercut on the inside or outside of the pipe

may not exceed a depth of 0.5 mm.
- any sharp or crack-like indication is unacceptable, regardless of depth.
10.14 Weld Repair
Defects detected during radiographic inspection of the weld shall be rejected

and shall be rectified in accordance with (Section 11.5).
10.15 Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Inspection
1. General. MANUFACTURER shall demonstrate to COMPANY that the selected

ultrasonic techniques are capable of detecting the following defects in accordance
with the requirements of this Specification:
- disbondment between the CRA layer and the backing pipe;

- longitudinal and transverse defects in seamless pipe;
- longitudinal and transverse defects in the seam welds of welded clad pipe.
2. Ultrasonic Equipment. Where ultrasonic inspection is feasible using an angle

beam shear wave technique, the entrance angles of shear wave probes shall be as
follows:
SMLS pipe(1): 45°
SAW pipe - longitudinal defect detection(2) 50 - 70°

(1, 2)
SAW pipe - transverse defect detection 45° on the weld bead. 50 - 70° for X
or K transmission.
Notes:
1) The probe angle may be between 40° and 48°.
2) Part of the completed weld will be austenitic and may have a relatively coarse
grained microstructure in comparison with the backing pipe. Consequently, the
performance of conventional ultrasonic examination using angle beam shear
waves may be significantly reduced. Where a very poor signal to noise ratio is
obtained, the use of an angle beam compression wave or creep wave ultrasonic
examination technique should be considered.
The transducer arrangement shall be such that the sound intensity in both the
longitudinal and circumferential directions does not decrease by more than 3 dB at
any point in the pipe wall, when referred to the maximum sound intensity adjusted in
the static calibration.
Lamination testing may be performed in either the pulse echo or transmission mode.
Determination of the wall thickness shall only be made in the pulse echo mode. The
probe(s) used for lamination/wall thickness testing shall satisfy the following
requirements:
- Twin crystal probes: The focal length shall be approximately 50% of the wall
thickness;
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- Single crystal probes used in the pulse echo mode: The near surface
resolution shall be better than 25% of the wall thickness, measured at the
primary reference sensitivity level.
The detection of disbondment between the CRA layer and backing pipe may be
performed in the pulse echo or transmission mode. The probes used for detecting
disbondment in pulse echo shall satisfy the following requirements:
- Twin crystal probes: The focal length shall be equal to the position of the clad
to steel interface;
- Single crystal probes used in the pulse echo mode: The near surface
resolution shall be better than 25% of the wall thickness when testing from the
outside surface of the pipe or 50% of the thickness of the CRA layer when
testing from the inside surface of the pipe. All measurements shall be made at
the primary reference sensitivity level.
In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the inspection procedures and to verify

that the equipment is functioning correctly, it shall be checked against an appropriate
reference standard as described in (Appendix F) at least once every four hours and
at the beginning and end of a batch.
If a discrepancy of more than 3 dB is observed, then all of the pipes inspected since
the previous check shall be re-inspected. Proper functioning of the UT equipment
and the linearity of the electronic instrumentation shall be checked at least once
every six months and whenever an alteration is made to the equipment.
3. Automatic Ultrasonic Equipment. In addition to the requirements specified

above, automatic ultrasonic equipment shall incorporate the following:
a) A device that monitors the effectiveness of the coupling.
If a zero degrees compression wave probe is used to monitor coupling, or where

a through transmission technique is used for seamless pipe, it shall be assumed
that loss of coupling has occurred when the sensitivity (echo height) decreases
by more than 10 dB relative to the static calibration.
In the case of SAW pipe, where a through transmission technique is used, it

shall be assumed that loss of coupling has occurred when the signal drops
below the electronic noise plus 10 dB, at the position of the through
transmission signal.
A clear acoustic warning system and an automatic paint spray system (or
equivalent) shall be activated when loss of coupling occurs.
b) An automatic paint-spraying device, or equivalent system.
The system shall be activated when the received ultrasonic echo exceeds the
preset acceptance limit and shall operate without any interference from the
operator.
If a defect is detected, a paint mark shall be applied to the pipe within 25 mm

advancement past the point at which the defect was detected. The reset time
for the system shall be less than the time required for the pipe to advance 25
mm in the scanning direction.
c) In the case of welded pipe, an automatic seam tracking system for correct
positioning of the crystals/probes with respect to the weld centre-line.
From each pipe under test, an automatic "on-line" record shall be made without
operator intervention. A summary record shall be made for each pipe. This shall
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include, as a minimum, the pipe identification number, the time at which the test was
carried out and the examination results; where applicable it shall also include the
results of any re-examinations.
4. Electromagnetic Equipment. EMT methods such as eddy current testing (ECT)

and magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing may be applied for surface defect and flaw
detection in seamless pipe.
Inspection of the backing pipe shall be carried out by MFL from the outside surface in
accordance with ASTM E570. The CRA layer shall be inspected by ECT from the
inside surface. In all cases, testing shall be performed using automatic equipment
and shall cover the entire surface of the pipe.
The end portions of the pipe that cannot be tested using an automatic EMT system
shall be tested manually using UT; the full circumference of pipe ends shall be tested
over the length of the untested portion plus a 25 mm overlap of the automatically
tested area. Manual UT shall be carried out in accordance with an approved
procedure for manual ultrasonic examination.
5. NDT Reference Standards. The reference calibration standard shall have the
same nominal diameter and wall thickness as the product being inspected and shall
be of sufficient length to permit calibration of ultrasonic inspection equipment at the
speed to be used in production. The reference standard shall also be of the same
material type and have the same surface finish and be in the same heat treatment
condition as the product to be inspected.
The reference standard shall be free from any discontinuities or other conditions that
could produce indications that might interfere with the detection of the reference
reflectors.
The reference standard shall contain the relevant notches and drilled holes shown in
(Appendix F). MANUFACTURER may use a different type of reference reflector that
shown in (Appendix F), provided that he can demonstrate to COMPANY that the
examination is at least as sensitive as that prescribed in this Specification. In such
cases, MANUFACTURER shall obtain approval from COMPANY.
The primary reference sensitivity level shall be adjusted on the following reference
reflectors:
Type of Pipe
Type of Examination
SMLS SAW
Lamination detection FBH 6.4 mm FBH 6.4 mm
Disbondment detection FBH 6.4 mm FBH 6.4 mm
Surface defect detection Notch N5 -
Defect detection - body and pipe ends Notch N5 -
Defect detection - weld - RDH 3.2 mm
Defect detection - plate end axial defect - Notch N5
All sensitivity adjustments shall be carried out dynamically.
Flat bottomed holes for detecting laminations shall be applied at the mid-wall
position. Flat bottomed holes for detecting disbondment shall be applied at the
interface between the CRA layer and the backing pipe.
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6. Acceptance Limits. For all reference reflectors except for RDH 3.2 mm, the
acceptance limit signal shall be equal to the primary reference sensitivity level, i.e.
equal to the height of the signal produced by the reference reflector. For the RDH
3.2 mm reference reflector, the acceptance limit signal shall be 10 dB below the
primary reference sensitivity level.
For all examination types, indications exceeding the acceptance limit signal are
unacceptable.
When testing for laminations, any area where one or more discontinuities produce a
continuous total loss of back reflection, accompanied by continuous indications on
the same plane that cannot be encompassed within a 25 mm diameter circle, shall
be unacceptable.
When testing for disbondment, both the frequency and extent of any indications shall
be considered. Any indication with an area greater than 30 mm2 shall be
unacceptable. The acceptance limits for the number of indications in any given area
of the plate/pipe shall be in accordance with the Table below:
LOCATION Maximum Number of Indications
Plate/Pipe Body:
locally per area of 1 m x 1 m 10
average per m2 5
Plate Edges/Pipe Ends None
10.16 Magnetic Particle Inspection
1. Equipment. The equipment used for MT shall produce a magnetic field,

transverse to the defect orientation and shall be of sufficient intensity so as to
indicate defects in the external surfaces of the pipe.
MT shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of ASTM E709.
The surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within 25 mm shall be dry and
free of any dirt, grease or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the
inspection.
2. Evaluation. An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection

that causes it; however, the size of the indication is the basis for acceptance
evaluation.
Only indications with a dimension greater than 1.6 mm shall be considered relevant.
(a) A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width.
(b) A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with a length equal to or
less than three times its width.
(c) Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be re-examined to determine
whether or not they are relevant.
MANUFACTURER shall mark each relevant indication and subsequently explore

each indication with respect to the depth of the imperfection.
3. Acceptance Limits. The pipe body and weld surfaces shall be free of:
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(a) Relevant linear indications;

(b) Relevant rounded indications greater than 4.8 mm;
(c) Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1.6 mm or less,
edge to edge.
The surface of the weld bevel shall be free from any flaws that are visible to the
naked eye.
10.17 Dye Penetrant Inspection
1. General. PT shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of ASTM

E165. The surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within 25 mm shall be dry
and free of any dirt, grease or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the
inspection.
2. Evaluation. An indication of an imperfection may be larger than the imperfection

that causes it; however, the size of the indication is the basis for acceptance
evaluation.
Only indications with a dimension greater than 1.6 mm shall be considered relevant.
(a) A linear indication is one having a length greater than three times the width.
(b) A rounded indication is one of circular or elliptical shape with a length equal to or
less than three times its width.
(c) Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be re-examined to determine
whether or not they are relevant.
MANUFACTURER shall mark each relevant indication and subsequently explore

each indication with respect to the depth of the imperfection.
3. Acceptance Limits. The pipe body and weld surfaces shall be free of:
(a) Relevant linear indications;

(b) Relevant rounded indications greater than 4.8 mm;
(c) Four or more relevant rounded indications in a line separated by 1.6 mm or less,
edge to edge.
The surface of the weld bevel shall be free from any flaws that are visible to the
naked eye.
11. WORKMANSHIP, VISUAL INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF DEFECTS
11.1 Purchaser Inspection
The requirements of (Appendix C) shall apply.
11.2 Workmanship
• Subsection 11.2a - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
a. Dents. The pipe shall contain no dents greater than 6.35 mm measured as the
gap between the lowest point of the dent and a prolongation of the original contour of
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the pipe. The length of the dent in any direction shall not exceed one half the
diameter of the pipe. All sharp gouges deeper than 1.0 mm and all cold formed
dents with a sharp bottom gouge shall be considered defects requiring rectification or
rejection. Gouges may be removed by grinding provided that the remaining wall
thickness is within the limits specified in (Section 9.3).
b. Offset of Plate Edges. The radial offset of plate edges (misalignment) for
welded pipe with a nominal wall thickness of 12.7 mm or less shall be no more than
1.6 mm. For pipe with a nominal wall thickness greater than 12.7 mm, the maximum
allowable radial offset shall be 0.125·t or 2.4 mm, whichever is the smaller.
• Subsection 11.2d - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
d. Height of Outside and Inside Weld Beads. The maximum height of any weld
bead shall be 3.2 mm regardless of wall thickness.
The longitudinal weld reinforcement on the inside of the pipe shall be ground back to
the thickness of the cladding over a distance of 300 mm from the pipe ends as
specified in (Section 10.1.4) and (Section 10.3.4), as applicable. The weld
reinforcement on the outside of the pipe shall be ground to the contour of the pipe for
a distance of 100 mm from each end of the pipe. The pipe ends shall be prepared as
described above before hydrostatic testing is carried out.
Weld beads with a height in excess of 3.2 mm may be ground to within the
acceptable limit at the option of MANUFACTURER.
The height of the weld bead shall in no case come below a prolongation of the
surface of the pipe, except that contouring by grinding, otherwise covered in this
Specification, shall be permitted.
• Subsection 11.2f - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
f. Grinding. Defects and flaws may be removed by grinding provided that the
remaining wall thickness is within the limits specified in (Section 9.3). The surface
roughness, Ra, of the pipe shall be a maximum of 12.5 µm (The surface roughness
shall be defined by the Centre Line Average (CLA) method as per ASME B46.1.).
In all cases where grinding repairs are made as a result of defects or flaws that are
disclosed by NDT, the part of the pipe containing such repairs shall be subjected to
additional NDT using the same technique, and to MT and/or PT, after the grinding
operation.
• Subsection 11.2g - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
g. CRA Layer. The CRA layer shall be inspected for continuity as described in
(Sections 10.1, 10.2 and 10.3).
11.3 Visual Inspection
The complete surface of each finished pipe shall be examined both internally
and externally in accordance with ASME V Article 9 and shall be free of defects as
defined in (Section 11.4). In the case of pipes with an inside diameter of 550 mm or
larger, the inspector shall pass through the bore of the pipe when performing his
examination.
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11.4 Defects
• Subsection 11.4e - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
e. Disbondment. Disbondment is defined as a lack of bond between the base

metal and CRA layer. Except in the case of lined pipe, any disbondment shall be
considered a defect when it is in excess of the limits allowed in (Section 10.15.6).
• Subsection 11.4f - Addition - Add the following paragraphs to this Subsection:
The ends of each welded pipe and two positions along its length shall be checked for
out-of-roundness at the position of the longitudinal weld using a template. For pipes
with an outside diameter of 406.4 mm or larger, the template shall have a minimum
chord length of 300 mm. For pipes with an outside diameter less than 406.4 mm, the
template shall have a chord length equal to at least 75% of the pipe diameter. The
template profile shall have a radius equal to the nominal outside radius of the pipe.
The template gauging surface shall have a cut-out to accommodate the weld bead of
the pipe. The cut-out shall be at the centre of the gauging surface and shall be no
more than 5 mm wider than the weld bead. Any local irregularity shall be measured
by a calibrated taper gauge inserted in any gap between the template and the pipe
surface. The local irregularity shall not exceed 1.6 mm.
11.5 Repair of Defects
• Subsection 11.5a - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:
a. Base Metal. Defects in the base metal of seamless or welded pipes shall not be
repaired by welding. Any defects in the base metal shall be repaired by grinding or
machining in accordance with (Section 11.2.f).
c. Weld Seam. There shall be no weld repairs in the longitudinal weld seam within
200 mm of the pipe ends.
The nature and extent of any NDT indication shall be established before a repair is
performed and, where necessary, complementary ultrasonic and/or radiographic
inspections shall be carried out to characterise the defect. Repair welding of seams
containing cracks shall not be permitted.
A maximum of three weld repairs may be carried out along a seam. No repair weld
shall exceed 5% of the total length of the seam and only one attempt to effect the
repair shall be permitted.
Weld repairs shall not be carried out after cold expansion or hydrostatic testing of a
pipe.
11.7 Procedure for Repair of Weld Seams of Electric-Weld and Induction-Welded Pipe

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12. MARKING AND SURFACE TREATMENT
12.1 Marking – General
b. Size. Weight per metre, length and hydrostatic test pressure, shall be in metric
units.
• Subsection 12.1c - Addition - New Subsection:
c. Method of Marking. In addition to the requirements specified in (Section 12.2),

in the case of pipes with a wall thickness of 10 mm or greater, the unique pipe
number shall be stamped on the end face/weld bevel at each end of the pipe using
low stress stamps. In the case of welded pipe, the pipe number shall be stamped
diametrically opposite the longitudinal weld seam.
12.2 Location of Markings
Paint markings shall only be stencilled on the outside surface of the pipe and
shall be applied in the sequence shown in (Section 12.3). No markings shall be put
inside the pipe, unless otherwise agreed by COMPANY.
Paint markings shall be stencilled parallel with the main axis of the pipe and shall
begin within 400 - 600 mm from the pipe end.
12.5 Die Stamping
Cold die stamping shall be carried out on the steel backing pipe only. There
shall be no cold die stamping on other parts of the pipe.
13. DOCUMENTATION
13.1 Certification
MANUFACTURER shall furnish COMPANY with a certificate of compliance

containing the results of all inspection and testing, as summarized in (Appendix G).
Unless otherwise specified by COMPANY, the certificate shall comply with ISO
10474 type 3.2.
13.3 Manufacturing Procedure Specification
MANUFACTURER shall provide a manufacturing procedure specification for

review and approval by COMPANY prior to the start of production. The MPS shall
contain, as a minimum, the following information:
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a. Steel Supply. The MPS shall include the name of the steel maker and shall
provide details of the steel-making and casting techniques to be used, i.e.;
- the steel making process; including deoxidation and desulphurisation

practice, inclusion shape control method and the use of vacuum degassing.
- the casting process, i.e. ingot or continuous casting, including casting speed,
tundish superheat, segregation and control measures.
- plate and strip manufacture; including slab reheating temperatures, start and
finish rolling temperatures and reduction ratios.
The MPS shall provide details of any heat treatments.
The MPS shall provide details chemical composition and shall include as a minimum:
- the target chemistry;

- the ranges for elements added intentionally;
- the maxima for each of the other elements specified in (Section 5.7).
b. CRA Supply. The MPS shall include the name of CRA maker and shall provide
details of the CRA-making and casting techniques to be used.
The MPS shall provide details of any heat treatments.
The MPS shall provide details chemical composition and shall include as a minimum:
- the target chemistry;

- the ranges for elements added intentionally;
- the maxima for each of the other elements specified in (Section 5.1).
c. Clad Steel Plate (if applicable). The MPS shall include the method of plate
production together with details of any specialised cooling and/or heat treatment
operations. It shall also include the NDT methods and procedures to be used during
manufacture and final inspection of the plate.
d. Pipe production. The MPS shall contain as a minimum details of the following:
- the material type and grade of the backing pipe and CRA layer;
- the principal operations involved in forming the pipe and applying or fitting
the CRA layer;
- any heat treatment operations and procedures involved in the manufacture of
the pipe and the final heat treatment condition of the backing pipe and CRA
layer;
- the hydrostatic test procedure and acceptance criteria;
- NDT procedures and acceptance criteria;
- repair procedures;
- pipe dimensions and tolerances;
- procedures used for packing, storage and shipment of the finished pipe.
13.4 Welding
a. Welding Procedure Specification. MANUFACTURER shall provide a separate

WPS, prepared in accordance with ASME IX, for each weld detail involved in the
manufacture of a pipe.
Each WPS shall include details of all the essential, supplementary essential and non-
essential variables listed in ASME IX for the relevant welding process(es).
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Each WPS shall specify the brand name of each welding consumable and shall
include a sketch indicating the run sequence and state the heat input range in kJ/mm
for each run within the sequence.
In addition, in the case of a WPS involving the use of the SAW process, the WPS
shall also include the following information:
- the number of electrodes and polarity for each electrode;

- the welding current for each electrode;
- the welding voltage for each electrode;
- the electrode stick-out;
- the electrode separation;
- the number of weld passes;
- details of seam tracking system for both inside and outside welding and also the
method for checking the set up of the system;
- the limits on internal and external weld reinforcement.
In the case of repair welding procedures, a separate WPS shall be produced for each
repair method to be used. The WPS shall include as a minimum:
- the method by which the defect is to be removed;

- the method and extent of any NDT carried out to confirm that the defect has
been removed;
- sketches showing the profile of the excavation in both the transverse and
longitudinal directions.
b. Procedure Qualification Record. Each WPS shall be qualified in accordance

with ASME IX by a single PQR, i.e. a WPS shall not be qualified by two or more
PQR’s to cover the use different welding processes or consumables. Repair welding
procedures shall be qualified by a PQR simulating the repair method.
Each welding procedure qualification shall be witnessed and endorsed by an

independent authority and/or COMPANY. Production welding shall not start until the
relevant WPS and associated PQR have been approved by COMPANY.
Unless otherwise agreed by COMPANY, each welding procedure qualification shall

be made using a full length test weld produced in accordance with the relevant
manufacturing and welding procedure specifications. The welding procedure
qualification shall be tested, as detailed below, not less than 48 hours after the
completion of the weld:
1. Ultrasonic Examination. The complete weld shall be examined in

2. Radiographic Examination. The complete weld shall be 100%
radiographed in accordance with (Appendix D, Section D.2.c).
3. Dye Penetrant/Magnetic Particle Inspection. The complete weld shall be
subject to dye penetrant or magnetic particle inspection, as appropriate,
from both the inside and outside of the pipe in accordance with (Appendix
D, Section D.2.d).
4. Tensile Tests. Two trans-weld tensile specimens shall be removed and
tested in accordance with ASME IX.
5. All-Weld Tensile Tests. One all-weld metal tensile specimen shall be
removed and tested in accordance with ASTM A370. The test results shall
meet the minimum specified requirements of the plate with regard to yield,
tensile strength and elongation.
6. Side Bends. Four side bend specimens shall be removed and tested in
accordance with ASME IX.
7. Fracture Toughness Testing. Four sets of Charpy V-notch impact
specimens shall be extracted and tested in accordance with (Section 6.20).
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8. Macrographic, Micrographic and Hardness Testing. A specimen shall be

removed from the weld seam and subjected to a macro and micro
examination (Section 7.4). A hardness survey shall be carried out on a
transverse weld macro-section as detailed in (Section 6.19).
9. Chemical Analysis. Chemical analysis of the weld overlay shall be
conducted in accordance with (Section 7.5). The analysis shall meet the
compositional requirements of (Section 5.1).
c. Welder or Welding Operator Qualification. All welders and welding operators

shall be qualified in accordance with ASME IX or an equivalent internationally
recognised standard approved by COMPANY. Welder and welding operator
qualifications shall be witnessed and endorsed by an independent authority and/or
COMPANY.
13.5 Manufacturing Data Book
MANUFACTURER shall prepare and maintain the data book throughout

manufacturing, comprising the following information:
- an index;
- the approved quality plan;
- the approved MPS;
- the manufacturing procedure qualification test results;
- approved WPS’s and their associated PQR’s;
- mill test certificates;
- pipe repair reports;
- welder and welding operator qualifications;
- NDT operator qualifications;
- deviation requests;
- tally lists (Section 13.6).
Only original or certified true copies of documents shall be included in the data book.
If COMPANY has been involved in monitoring production and/or inspection, then the
data book shall be completed by MANUFACTURER and approved by COMPANY
before the Inspection Release Note is issued. A copy of the Inspection Release Note
shall be included in the data book for later reference. The master copy of the data
book shall be retained by MANUFACTURER for at least 5 years after delivery. A
copy of the signed data book shall be submitted to COMPANY.
13.6 Tally List
MANUFACTURER shall produce and maintain a tally list of all pipes. The list shall
be available both as a hard copy and in a spreadsheet format using standard
commercial software approved by COMPANY e.g. Dbase, Excel, etc.
The list shall identify against each pipe its unique pipe number, its individual length
and weight, its end dimensions, its mill test certificate number, the heat numbers of
the backing pipe and CRA layer, the carbon equivalent of the backing pipe and date
of manufacture of the pipe.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 45 of 59
14. PACKING AND HANDLING
14.1 General
All pipes shall be cleaned, dried, packed, handled and transported so as to

arrive at their destination dry and without distortion or other damage.
All pipe surfaces shall be free of oil, grease, millscale, dirt or any other substance
that might interfere with subsequent coating.
14.2 Method of Packing and Storage
All pipes shall be packed and stored in accordance with a procedure approved
by COMPANY. MANUFACTURER shall fit caps over the ends of all pipes, such that
damage to the weld bevel and the ingress of moisture or dirt into the pipe is
prevented.
14.3 Transportation and Handling
During transportation, direct contact of the CRA layer with carbon steel (e.g. swarf,
filings, hooks etc.) shall be strictly prohibited.
The minimum requirements for transportation shall be as specified in the following

Recommended Practices:
- API RP 5L5 for marine transportation;

- API RP 5L1 for railroad transportation.
Pipe handling by means of hooks in pipe ends shall not be permitted. Pipes
transported by sea shall not be shipped as deck cargo.
14.4 Hot-Working Precautions
MANUFACTURER/CONTRACTOR shall advise COMPANY of any precautions that

need to be taken with regard to the maximum allowable temperature of the pipe
during post weld heat treatment or coating.
When specified in the purchase order that pipes are to be induction bent or hot-
formed to produce fittings, MANUFACTURER/CONTRACTOR shall advise
COMPANY of any precautions that need to be taken with regard to the temperatures
to be used during forming operations and/or subsequent heat treatment.
14.5 Documentation

Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 46 of 59
Each shipment of pipe shall be accompanied by a packing list together with the
relevant documentation required by the purchase order.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 47 of 59
APPENDIX B SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
B.1 Supplementary Requirement 1 (SR1) - Non-destructive Testing of Metallurgically

Bonded Clad Pipe
• Subsection B.1 - Decision:
Supplementary Requirement 1 (SR1) shall apply in the case of metallurgically

bonded clad pipe.
B.2 Supplementary Requirement 2 (SR2) - Non-destructive Testing of Mechanically Bonded

Lined Pipe
• Subsection B.2 - Decision:
Supplementary Requirement 2 (SR2) shall apply in the case of mechanically bonded

lined pipe.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 48 of 59
APPENDIX C PURCHASER INSPECTION
C.1 Inspection Notice
• Subsection C.1 - Addition - Add the following paragraph at the end of this
Subsection:
COMPANY will specify to what extent they will monitor MANUFACTURER’s

production, quality control, inspection and documentation. COMPANY will specify
whether a pre-production meeting is required.
C.2 Plant Access
• Subsection C.2 - Addition - Add the following paragraph to this Subsection:
MANUFACTURER shall provide appropriate lighting in all areas where visual

inspection is being carried out such that the requirements of ASME V Article 9 are
satisfied. MANUFACTURER shall provide the necessary facilities such that each
pipe length can be rotated manually during inspection. MANUFACTURER shall
make suitable equipment available for use by COMPANY so that the residual
thickness of the backing pipe or CRA layer can be verified in areas where defects
have been removed by grinding.
C.4 Rejection
• Subsection C.1 - Addition - Add the following paragraph to this Subsection:
Where pipes are rejected repeatedly for the same reason, COMPANY shall have the
right to refuse to inspect any further pipes until the cause of the problem has been
rectified.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 49 of 59
APPENDIX D MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION

• APPENDIX D - Addition - New appendix:
D.1 General.
Two of the completely finished pipes of each size from the first day's production shall be
selected at random for testing to verify that the submitted MPS results in fully acceptable
pipe. If more than one heat is used in the first day production pipes, at least two heats
shall be represented by the test pipes. At the discretion of COMPANY, COMPANY may
make the selection. For orders of less than 50 tonnes, first day production tests are not
required.
MANUFACTURER shall provide COMPANY with a report giving the results of all of the
tests detailed below, together with photomacrographs of any weld cross-section, and
photomicrographs confirming the microstructure of the plate and seamless pipe. The
report shall be approved and countersigned by COMPANY.
If girth welding is used to produce double random length pipes, this girth weld shall be
included in the first day production test. The girth weld from one completed pipe shall
be tested.
In the event of a failure of any test during qualification, MANUFACTURER shall amend
the MPS as required and resubmit it for by COMPANY. Unless otherwise agreed by
COMPANY, MANUFACTURER shall repeat the full qualification testing.
MANUFACTURER shall make no changes to a successfully qualified MPS without prior

approval of COMPANY. Only after such approval has been obtained from COMPANY
shall MANUFACTURER re-qualify the MPS.
The pipes tested as above may be considered the test pipe(s) per heat or shift as
required by this Specification.
D.2 Non-Destructive Testing
a. Visual Examination. All pipes shall be examined visually for dimensional tolerances
and for surface defects in accordance with (Sections 9 and 11) respectively.
b. Ultrasonic Examination. The weld seams of all pipes shall be examined by means
of an automatic ultrasonic scanning device in accordance with (Section 10.15.3) and
shall meet the requirements of (Section 10.15.6).
c. Radiographic Examination. The weld seams of all pipes shall be radiographically

examined throughout their full length in accordance with (Sections 10.4 to 10.11).
d. Dye Penetrant Check or Magnetic Particle Test. The weld seams of all clad pipes
with an outside diameter greater than or equal to 600mm shall be subject to dye
penetrant inspection internally and magnetic particle inspection externally, along their
full length. For pipes with an outside diameter less than 600mm, the full length of the
weld seam shall be subject to magnetic particle inspection externally and a length
equivalent one and a half times the outside diameter at each end of the pipe shall be
subject to dye penetrant inspection internally. Seamless pipes shall be subject to either
dye penetrant inspection or magnetic particle inspection over the entire outside surface
of the pipe.
Dye penetrant checking shall be in accordance with ASTM E165 and magnetic particle
testing in accordance with ASTM E709.
Any indications shall be evaluated against the relevant acceptance criteria specified in
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 50 of 59
(Sections 10.16 and 10.17). Any crack-like indications are unacceptable and their
cause shall be established and reported to COMPANY.
D.3 Mechanical Testing
The mechanical properties of all pipes shall be tested as detailed below. The test
results shall meet the requirements for the specified grade and type of pipe.
a. Weld Seam. The weld seam of all selected welded pipes shall be physically tested
as specified in (Section 6). For SAW pipe, in addition, an all-weld metal tensile test shall
be made including the determination of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation.
The results of the all-weld metal tensile tests shall meet the minimum specified
requirements of the parent plate. For SAW pipe, in addition, weld impact tests shall be
carried out in accordance with (Appendix E).
b. Pipe Material. Tensile tests shall be carried out on the two pipes made from each
end of a coiled skelp, or on two pipes made from different heats, as required by (Section
6), except that for pipes with an outside diameter greater than 219.1mm, tensile tests
shall be performed in both the transverse and longitudinal directions.
c. Charpy Impact Tests. Tests shall be carried out on all selected pipes in
accordance with (Section 6.20). In addition, a full transition temperature curve shall be
produced for each pipe, showing the impact energy in Joules and percentage shear
area plotted against temperature over a temperature range that is sufficient to reproduce
fracture appearance from 10% to 100% fibrous shear.
d. Drop Weight Tear Test. For pipe to be used in gas transmission lines, drop weight
tear tests shall be carried out in accordance with (Section 6.20).
D.4 Macrographic, Micrographic and Hardness Examination
a. Longitudinally Welded Pipe. For SAW pipe, a specimen shall be extracted from
one pipe at three locations along the weld. Where tack welds are to be incorporated
into the finished weld, at least one specimen shall be removed from the location of a
tack weld, as specified in (Paragraph 4.4.b.2).
Each specimen shall be polished and etched to show the macro-structure of the weld
cross-section and shall include at least 25 mm of unaffected parent material adjacent to
each heat-affected zone.
Each specimen shall demonstrate that full fusion has been obtained throughout the
section thickness of the joint. Each specimen shall also show that the first and second
side welds are correctly aligned and there is adequate interpenetration.
A series of Vickers hardness tests using a 10kg load shall be made on one of the etched
specimens selected by COMPANY. Each set of readings shall extend from unaffected
base metal on one side of the weld to unaffected base metal on the other side of the
weld. Three traverses shall be made, one 2 mm from the outer edge, the second across
the centre and the third 2 mm from the inner edge of the steel pipe. The spacing
between adjacent hardness indentations shall be a maximum of 0.75 mm. The location
of hardness indentations are shown in (Figure D.1). The hardness indentations nearest
the fusion line shall be within 0.5 mm of the fusion line.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 51 of 59
Figure D.1 Location of Indentations for Longitudinal Weld Hardness Survey
b. Seamless and Centrifugally Cast Pipe. Three specimens from one pipe shall be
extracted from locations 120° apart around the circumference from a position chosen by
COMPANY. The specimens shall be polished and etched to show the microstructure.
A hardness survey, as detailed in (Figure D.2), shall be made on one of the three
specimens selected by COMPANY. Three traverses shall be made, one 2 mm from the
outside surface of the pipe, one at the mid-section of the pipe wall and one in the
backing pipe 2 mm from the interface with the CRA layer. A minimum of twelve
readings shall be taken for each traverse. There shall be at least 5 mm between
indentations.
Figure D.2 Location of Indentations for Hardness Survey on Seamless Pipe
2 mm
Centre-line
2 mm
Cladding
5 mm min.
c. Acceptance Criteria. For sour service applications, the maximum hardness shall
not exceed the relevant limits specified within ISO 15156 / NACE MR0175 Part 2. For
non sour service applications, the hardness shall not exceed 325 HV10..
D.5 Test for Bonding

Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 52 of 59
The continuity of the bonding between the backing pipe and CRA layer shall be tested in
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 53 of 59
APPENDIX E FRACTURE TOUGHNESS TESTING

• APPENDIX E - Addition - New appendix:
Fracture toughness testing shall be carried out in accordance with API Spec 5L
Supplementary Requirements SR5 and SR6 with the following amendments:
E.1 Supplementary Requirement SR5 - Fracture Toughness Testing (Charpy V-Notch)
1. The fracture toughness of the pipes shall be determined by Charpy V-notch impact
testing in accordance with ASTM A370. The impact test temperature shall be lower than or
equal to that specified in the table below.
Nominal Wall Test Maximum

Thickness Temperature Test Temperature
(mm) (°C) (°C)
wt < 16.0 T 0
16.0 < wt < 25 T -10 0
25 < wt ≤ 32 T -20 0
wt > 32 T -30 0
Note that T is the minimum design temperature, which should be specified in the purchase
order. If no minimum design temperature is indicated, then it shall be assumed to be 0°C.
2. Impact testing shall be carried out using 10 × 10, 10 × 7.5 or 10 × 5 mm cross-section

specimens. The largest possible specimen shall be used. Where the nominal pipe
dimensions are insufficient to extract a 10 × 5 mm specimen, impact testing is not required.
For pipes with an outside diameter of 273.1 mm or less, impact test specimens shall be taken
parallel to the axis of the pipe (i.e. longitudinal specimens shall be taken).
For pipes with an outside diameter greater than 273.1 mm, impact test specimens shall be
taken transverse to the axis of the pipe, except where the wall thickness prevents extraction
of a 10 × 5 mm specimen; where this is the case, longitudinal specimens shall be taken.
For weld centre-line and HAZ impact tests, only transverse specimens shall be used.
3. One set of three specimens shall be taken from the mid-thickness location in the pipe
wall with the notch at the following positions (see Figure E.1):
Seamless pipe - Pipe body
SAW pipe - Pipe body at 90° to the weld

- Weld centre-line
- Fusion line
- Fusion line + 2 mm
- Fusion line + 5 mm
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 54 of 59
Figure E.1. Location of Charpy V-notch Specimens
Position of notch
Weld
Centre-line
Cladding
Fusion line + 5 mm
Weld Centre-line
Fusion Line + 2 mm
Fusion line
4. The minimum absorbed energy requirements for full size (10 × 10 mm) specimens taken
transverse to the pipe axis are given in the table below.
Minimum Minimum
Grade Average Value Individual Value
(J) (J)
X42 30 25
X46 32 27
X52 36 30
X56 39 32
X60 42 35
X65 45 38
X70 48 40
X80 55 46
For other specimen sizes and orientations, the values specified above shall be multiplied by
the following factors:
Size Orientation Factor
10 × 10 Longitudinal 1.5
10 × 7.5 Transverse 0.75
10 × 7.5 Longitudinal 1.125
10 × 5 Transverse 0.5
10 × 5 Longitudinal 7.5
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 55 of 59
The percentage shear area at the fracture surface of the test specimens shall be recorded.
Each sample shall exhibit not less than 50% fibrous shear.
The Charpy test requirements specified are based on crack initiation principles. For gas
transmission and two-phase lines, higher absorbed energy requirements may be specified to
avoid the risk of running fractures. Where this is the case, COMPANY shall specify the
required values in the purchase order.
E.2 Supplementary Requirement SR6 - Drop Weight Tear Testing of Welded Pipe
1. Drop weight tear tests shall be made on pipes with an outside diameter of 406.4 mm
and greater.
2. Two transverse DWTT specimens shall be taken from one length of pipe from each heat
supplied in the purchase order. The specimens shall be taken from a location 90° around
from the longitudinal seam.
Tests shall be carried out at the minimum design temperature and all specimens shall exhibit
a minimum of 75% shear on the fracture surface.
3. In addition to the tests specified above, a full transition curve shall be produced for at
least one heat in every ten.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 56 of 59
APPENDIX F REFERENCE STANDARD PIPE/PLATE FOR INSPECTION OF

WELDS
• APPENDIX F - Addition - New appendix:
Transverse notch at outside, Type N5
Undercut notch at outside, Type N5
Longitudinal weld seam Undercut notch at outside, Type N5
3.2 mm diameter through thickness hole
Undercut notch at inside, Type N5
Transverse notch at inside, Type N5 Undercut notch at inside, Type N5
For all notches: Longitudinal notch at outside, Type N5

The length of the notch shall be at least
twice the width of the scanning head and
the depth of the notch equal to 5% of the Longitudinal notch at inside, Type N5
thickness of the backing pipe.
The location of each reference standard may be at MANUFACTURER’s discretion, provided

that no interference will occur.
Type of Test Property Manufacturing Procedure Production
and/or or Qualification Tests Tests
•
Inspection Method Component
Frequency Remarks Frequency Remarks
Visual Inspection Surface defects All test pipes 100% coverage of external All pipes 100% coverage of external
(see Sections 4.4.a.1, 11.3 surface (plus internal when surface (plus internal when
Eni S.p.A.
and Appendix D, Section pipe OD ≥ 609.6 mm). pipe OD ≥ 609.6 mm).

D.2.a)
Dimensions All test pipes As per (Section 9). All pipes
Out-of-roundness All test pipes As per (Section 9). All pipes
Pipe end squareness All test pipes As per (Section 9). 2 pipes per shift
Straightness All test pipes As per (Section 9). Random
Ultrasonic Examination Clad plate All plates 100% coverage (There All pipes 100% coverage (There
(see Sections 4.4.a.2, 10, shall be no disbondment shall be no disbondment
13.4.b.1 and Appendix D , and/or laminations within and/or laminations within
Section D.2.b) 25 mm of the plate edges). 25 mm of the plate edges).
Pipe ends All test pipes No disbondment and/or All pipes No disbondment and/or
laminations allowed within laminations allowed within

25 mm of the pipe ends. 25 mm of the pipe ends.
APPENDIX G - Addition - New appendix:
Welded pipe
• Plate/skelp All plates/skelp A 25 mm wide band around All plates/skelp A 25 mm wide band around
the edge of the plate shall the edge of the plate shall
be checked for be checked for
disbondment and/or disbondment and/or
laminations. laminations.
• weld seam All test pipes 100% of the weld. All pipes 100% of the weld.
Seamless pipe All test pipes 100% coverage to check All pipes 100% coverage to check
for disbondment and/or for disbondment and/or
APPENDIX G SUMMARY OF TESTING AND INSPECTION
laminations. laminations.
25% coverage to check 25% coverage to check

thickness of the backing thickness of the backing
pipe and clad layer (if pipe and clad layer (if
applicable). applicable).
Radiography Welded pipe - weld seam All test pipes The last 200 mm of the
(see Sections 10, 13.4.b.2 weld seam at each end of
and Appendix D, Section the pipe ends shall be
Page 57 of 59
Rev. 0 March 2007
02949.MAT.COR.FUN
D.2.c) radiographed.
Welded pipe - weld repair All weld repairs All weld repairs
Type of Test Property Manufacturing Procedure Production
and/or or Qualification Tests Tests
Inspection Method Component
Frequency Remarks Frequency Remarks
See Note 1
MPI and/or DPI Bevel faces All test pipes Only required when UT is All pipes Only required when UT is
(see Sections 4.4.a.4, 10, impossible. impossible.
Eni S.p.A.
13.4.b.3 and Appendix D,

Weld seam All test pipes 100% of the weld. All selected pipes 100% of the weld.
Section D.2.d)
Seamless pipe body All test pipes 100% of the pipe. All selected pipes 100% of the pipe.
Electromagnetic Testing Thickness of CRA layer All test pipes 25% of the pipe surface All pipes 25% of the pipe surface
(See Section 10)
Mechanical Testing Tensile test All test pipes Base metal only Two pipes per heat Base metal only
(See Sections 6, 13.4.b Cross-joint tensile test All test pipes Two pipes per heat
and Appendix D, Section
D.3) All-weld metal tensile test All test pipes Not required
Charpy V-notch testing
• At test temperature All test pipes Backing pipe only - parent All pipes Backing pipe only - parent
metal, weld metal & HAZ. metal, weld metal & HAZ.
• Transition curve All test pipes Base metal only. Not required
Drop Weight Tear Testing
• At test temperature All test pipes Base metal only. All heats Base metal only.
• Transition curve One test pipe Base metal only. One pipe per ten Base metal only.
Guided bend test All test pipes Two pipes from each
Hardness test
• Welded pipe All test pipes Backing pipe only - parent All selected pipes Backing pipe only - parent
metal, weld metal & HAZ. metal, weld metal & HAZ.
• Seamless pipe All test pipes Backing pipe only. All selected pipes Backing pipe only.
Hydrostatic Test All test pipes All pipes
(see Section 8)
Chemical Composition Ladle analysis All heats All heats
(see Section 5 and 7.5) Product analysis All test pipes Backing pipe and CRA One pipe from each Backing pipe and CRA
layer lot layer
Metallography Welded pipe All test pipes Once per heat
(see Sections 7.4, 13.4.b.8
and Appendix D.4)
Page 58 of 59
Rev. 0 March 2007
02949.MAT.COR.FUN
Notes:
1. Magnetic particle inspection is not applicable in relation to the CRA layer.
Rev. 0 March 2007
Page 59 of 59
APPENDIX H END LOAD COMPENSATION FOR HYDROSTATIC TEST

PRESSURES
• APPENDIX H - Addition - New appendix:
(By agreement between COMPANY and MANUFACTURER the following method may
be used to determine the hydrostatic test pressure.)
I.1 As a measure to prevent distortion, MANUFACTURER may apply a calculation to

compensate for the forces applied to the pipe end that produce a compressive longitudinal
stress. The calculation in this appendix is based on Barlow’s equation modified by a factor
based on the Maximum Shear Theory (see note). In no case shall the gauge pressure for
testing be less than that calculated using Barlow’s equation at 95% of specified minimum
yield strength.
Note: The calculation is an approximation of the effective hoop stress (SE), which is
practical for application under mill pipe testing conditions. Other calculations
provide closer approximations of the effective hoop stress but are complex and
therefore impractical for application.
I.2 The test pressure calculated shall be rounded to the nearest 100kPa.
I.3 The hydrostatic test pressure compensated for pipe end loading shall be calculated
according to the following equation:
SI Unit Equation:
PR ⋅ A R
SE −
AP
P1 = 1000 ⋅
D A
− 1
2 ⋅ t AP
where
A1 = internal cross-sectional area of pipe, mm2,
AP = cross-sectional area of pipe wall, mm2,
AR = cross-sectional area of ram, mm2,
P1 = hydrostatic test pressure in kPa,
PR = internal pressure on end-sealing ram in MPa,
SE = effective hoop stress in MPa equal to a percentage of the specified minimum

yield strength,
D = specified outside diameter, mm,
t = specified wall thickness, mm.
I.4 The above equation may be manipulated algebraically to provide calculation in other
terms appropriate to MANUFACTURER’s testing facility.
I.5 Appropriate techniques for the control of effective hoop stress based on measurements
of internal pipe and ram pressures vary according to hydrotester system design.
MANUFACTURER shall provide a control technique appropriate to his installation.

Clad and Lined Pipe Specification: Company Specifications

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Eni S.p.A.

Exploration & Production Division

CLAD AND LINED PIPE SPECIFICATION

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Rev. 0 March 2007

CLAD AND LINED PIPE SPECIFICATION

8.3 Test Pressures

B.2 Supplementary Requirement 2 (SR2) - Non-destructive Testing of Mechanically

1.3.1 General Definitions

COMPANY Shall mean Eni E&P or its elected representatives.

CONTRACTOR Shall mean the company appointed by COMPANY to perform the

1.3.2 Specific Definitions

Clad Shall mean a metallurgically bonded CRA layer.

Defect Shall mean a discontinuity or group of discontinuities that produce an

Discontinuity Shall mean an interruption in the physical structure or configuration

Flaw Shall mean an interruption in the physical structure or configuration

Indication Shall mean evidence of a discontinuity observed during non-

Lined Shall mean a mechanically bonded CRA layer.

Lot Shall mean a group of pipes covered by a single test or analysis.

1.4 Symbols and abbreviations

1.5 Quality Assurance and Company Inspection

1.6 Special Requirements

If the requirements of this specification cannot be met, written notification of non-compliance,

1.7 Linepipe Manufacturing Process

1. A description of the production facilities.

2. The production capacity.

• full details of manufacturing process used;

4. The name of the steel-maker and CRA maker.

7. The ingot or billet piercing method and forming techniques.

• details of clad/lined pipe forming technique;

16. The hydrostatic testing procedures.

17. The method and number of heat treatments.

20. The chemical composition of the backing pipe.

21. The chemical composition of CRA layer.

22. Full details of proposed Manufacturing Procedure Qualification testing including

• product and heat analysis testing;

24. Recommendations and precautions to be implemented when clad pipe is to be

• maximum induction bending temperatures;

1.8 Purchase Order

PART II AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO API SPEC 5LD

• Subsection 1.2c - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:

c. CONTRACTOR shall ensure that pipe supplied to this Specification is suitable

Clad or lined steel pipe furnished to this specification shall be seamless or

• Subsection 4.1b - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:

1. Seamless. Seamless clad pipe shall be produced by hot working composite

4. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE AND MATERIAL

4.1 Process of Manufacture

• Subsection 4.1c - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:

Seamless CRA liners shall be produced in accordance with the requirements of

Welded CRA liners shall be produced in accordance with the requirements of

4.2 Cold Expansion

• Subsection 4.2 - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:

4.3 Heat Treatment

• Subsection 4.3 - Deletion - Delete and replace as follows:

Seamless backing pipes shall be furnished in the normalised, normalised and

Heat treatment shall be performed in accordance with a documented procedure.

4.4 Welded Clad Pipe

• Subsection 4.4 - Addition - New Subsection:

a. Clad Steel Plate Inspection Prior to Pipe Manufacture

An imperfection shall be considered unacceptable when any of the following

Scratches Maximum depth = 0.5 mm

2. Ultrasonic Inspection. Ultrasonic scanning of the clad steel plate shall be