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Logic of Phantasy 69

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康

Lacan Seminar 14:


The Logic of Fantasy 16
幻见的逻辑
Seminar 16: Wednesday, April 12, 1967

This ought to make us sense sufficiently that it is not from this angle that we are going to be able to

arrange things since, at the start, we have sufficiently accentuated the function of a difference, as being

essential to the status of the sexual dyad. If it can be grounded - I mean subjectively - we will need this

third.

这个应该使我们足够感觉到,我们能够安排事情,不是从这个角度,因为从一开始,我们就一再强调差異

的功用,扮演性配对的重要地位。假如性配对能够被建立,(我指的是主观性),我们就会需要第三者。

Let us try, let us not try ... let us not make an ugly grimace by claiming to attempt what we have already

introduced, namely, the logical status of the contrary. Of the contrary in so far as here the one and the

other are opposed to the one or the other there.

让我们设法,让我们不要设法、、、让我们不要扮鬼脸宣称说,我们要从事我们已经介绍的,换句话说,有

关相反矛盾律在逻辑上的地位。相反矛盾律总是前者及後者相对立於前者及後者。

This one and the other, is the intersection - I mean logical intersection - male and female. If we want to

inscribe in a proper way this one and the other in the form of the intersection of Boole's algebra, this

means this little lune of spatial overlapping. And it fills me with consternation to have once again to

present this figure to you because, of course, you see clearly that it does not satisfy you to any degree!

What you would like, is that one should be male and the other female, and that from time to time they

step on one another's toes! This is not what is in question. It is a matter of logical multiplication.

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这个前者及後者,彼此交会,我指的是逻辑上的交会,男性跟女性。假如我们想要以适当的方式,以布尔

代数的交会的形式,铭记这个前者及後者,这意味着,这个小小的月牙形状会有空间的重叠。这使我感到

驚愕,当我再一次呈现这个图形给你们,因为你们显然看得出来,它並没有使你们完全满意!你们想要的

是,前者应该是男性,後者应该是女性,有时,他们扮演的角色会错乱!这並不是我们的置疑点。这是逻

辑的加倍演算的问题。

The importance of recalling this Boolean figure to you, is to remind you, as opposed to here, which is

the very important locus of the game of heads or tails (in which I tried to form those who followed me the

first years, at least for a trimester, as a way of making them understand what a signifier was). In

opposition to the game of heads or tails, which is inscribed quite simply in a succession of pluses or

minuses, the relation of the one and the other is inscribed in the form of a multiplication, I mean a logical

multiplication, a Boolean multiplication.

我一再跟你们回顾这个布尔的代数图形,是要提醒你们,前者与後者的互相对立,是猜测硬币的正面或反

面的这种遊戏,重要的轨迹(前几年,我跟听我演讲至少有一段时间的听众,讲述这个轨迹,让他们明白

意符是什麽)。猜测硬币的正面或反面,只是以一连串的加法跟减法铭记。比较起来,前者跟後者的关系,

则是以乘法的方式铭记。我指的是逻辑的乘法,布尔逻辑的乘法。

What value - since this is what is at stake - can we suppose for the element of difference, in order that

the result should be, quite clearly, the dyad? But, of course, to know it is really within everyone's reach.

You have all at least preserved this tincture of the mathematics that you were so stupidly taught,

provided you are over thirty. If (10) you are twenty, you have perhaps had the chance to hearing it

spoken about in a slightly different fashion. What matter! You are all on the same footing, as regards the

formula (a + b) multiplied by (a - b). Here is the difference: there is one of them which has it in addition,

the other which has it less. If you multiply them that gives you (a-squared - b-squared). What is

necessary for (a-squared - b-squared) to be - quite clearly - equal to two, to the dyad? It is very easy: it

is enough to make what is written here, b, equal to the root of minus 1. Namely, to a numerical function

that is described as an imaginary number and which now intervenes in all calculations, in the most

common fashion, to ground what is called - an extension of real numbers - complex numbers.

岌岌可危的是,对於男女差異的因素,我们能够假定怎样的价值,以便使结果很清楚地是一双配对?当然,

每一个人都有能力理解这一点。凡是三十岁以上的人,至少都会保留一些印象,对於曾经被教导得迷迷糊

糊的这种配对数学。假如你是二十岁,你可能还有机会听到这种配对数学,用稍微不同的方式讲述。重点
在哪里?你们的立足点都一样,关於这个a 加b 乘以a减b的公式。差異的地方是:其中有一位是用加法,

另外一位用减法。假如你用乘法,你会得到a的平方减去b的平方。显而易见的,这个a的平方减去b的平方,

会等於二,等於这个配对吗?这个简单得很。我们只要将这里所写的b 相等于是「负一」的根。换句话说,

这种数目的功用被描述为,一个「想像的数目」介入所有的演算,以最寻常的方式,将所谓的「复杂的数

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目」,当着是真实数目的延伸。

If it is a matter of specifying a in two opposite fashions, with plus something and with minus something,

and for the result to be 2, it is enough to make it equal to i. This is how one usually writes, in an

abbreviated fashion, and moreover one much more convenient, this function of the square root of minus

one which is described as imaginary.

这个方法以两个相反的方式指明a,加上某件东西及减去某件东西,结果将会是二,这就足够使它成为

「一」。这是我们通常写的答案,以一个缩短的方式,而且是更加方便的方式。这个负一的平方根的功用,

被描述为「想像」的功用。

You must not believe that what I am explaining here is of any use to us! I am introducing it here, on the

brink of what I have to explain to you, because it will be of use of us subsequently and because it

illuminates a rapprochement. What is presented to us as the other possibility, namely, if we ask

ourselves in advance what must be obtained - which also has interest for us/ For it is very interesting

also to know why, why, in the unconscious, as regards the sexual act, well then, precisely, what

circumscribes, what marks the difference in the first rank of what the subject itself is. Well then/ Not

alone are we forced to say that this remains at the end, but it is required, for it to be a sexual act that it

remain at the end!, but it is required, for it to be a sexual act that it remain at the end! In other words,

that (a + b) multiplied by (a - b) equals ... a! In order for this to be equal to o - (when (o, of course, is

naturally not this O here that I was speaking about). (N.B. The convention adopted by the translator

requires this switch from a to o)

你们一定不要怀疑,我现在解释的,对我们会有什麽用途?我在此介绍它,跟我所要解释的有关,因为我
们随後会用它,因为它让我们明白一个「友善关系」。我们所提供的是另一个可能性,换句话说,假如我们

预先问自己,结果得到什麽,我们也会感到興趣。这也是耐人寻味的,知道为什麽在无意识里,关于这个

性的行动,确实是什麽限制,什麽在标示这个差異,在生命的主体本身,什麽是首要考量。我们不得不说,

这要等到最後才知道,要让它成为一个性的行动,要等到最後才会知道。但是必要条件是,要让它成为一
个性的行动,要等到最後才会知道。换句话说,那个a加b 乘以a减b相等於、、、是零!为了让这个结果等于

是零,(当然这个零,並不是我刚才提到的这个大它者的字母O)(附记:译者採用惯例,将这个a 改换

成o ,才能自圆其说。)

The O, here, we are going to make (like earlier, when it was a question of obtaining 2) we are going to

make equal to 1. It is to be clearly understood that it is (1 + i)(1 - i) which is equal to 2. (1 + o)(1 - o)

gives o, on condition that o is equal to the golden number - it is worthwhile repeating it - that I am using

to introduce, for you, the function of the little o-object. Verify this: when small o is equal to the golden

number the product of (1 + o)(1 - o) is equal to o.

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这个零,我们将要使它等於(像早先一样,要先得到二),我们将使它等於一。我们应该清楚地了解,一

加一,乘以一减一,等於二。一加零,乘以一减零,等於零,条件是,零等於这个黄金数目。它值得我们
一再地重复它。我现在使用它来跟你们介绍这个小客体o的功用。请验算一下:当小客体的零相等於是这个

黄金数目,一加零,乘以一减零,结果相等於是零。

(N.B. A note in the margin of one French manuscript says: "Jacques Lacan's golden number is

thus the inverse of the golden number of the mathematicians)

(附记:法文原稿的边缘有人写:雅克、拉康的黄金数目,因此是数学家的黄金数目的倒转。)

This is where I am going to suspend for a time, the time of the lecture that I have to finish, what I wanted

to propose to you in terms of a logical grid.

我暂时要在这里告一段落,因为我想要跟你们讲述的「逻辑的格架」,进度的时间到了。

(11) Let us now come to consider what is involved as regards the sexual act.

(第十一)让我们现在考虑一下,关於性的行动,会牵涉到什麽。

What is going to be of use to us in dealing with it, is what justifies the fact that earlier I introduced Marx's

formula.

处理这个问题有用的地方,在於可以证明为什麽我早先要介绍马克思的公式。

Marx tells us, somewhere in the Philosophical manifestos, that the object of man is nothing other than

his very essence taken as object; that the object also to which a subject refers, by essence and

necessarily, is nothing other than the proper essence of this non-objectified subject.

马克思告诉我们,在「哲学宣言」的某个地方,人作为客体,仅仅就是他的本质被当着客体。一个生命主体

提到的这个客体,本质上及需要上,仅仅就是这个非客体化的主体的适当本质。

People, some of whom are among those who are listening to me, have clearly shown, the aspect that I

would describe as primary, of this Marxist approximation. It would be curious if we were to be very far

ahead of this formulation.

对於那些正在听我讲演的人们,我清楚地告诉,要接触马克思主义,我描述为原初的这一面。假如我们超

前说明,那是很奇怪的事情。

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This object that is at stake, this proper essence of the subject, but objectified - are we need the ones

who can give it its veritable substance?

岌岌可危的客体,是这个生命主体的适当本质,但是被客体化。我们有需要拿一些客体,来给它可验证的

物质吗?

雄伯译
springherohsiung@gmail.com

32hsiung@pchome.com.tw

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