SN009a-NCCI Effective Lengths and Destabilizing Load Parameters For Beams and Cantilevers - Common Cases PDF

NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters for beams and cantilevers - common cases
NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters for beams and cantilevers
- common cases
SN009a-EN-EU
NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters

for beams and cantilevers - common cases
This NCCI presents values for the effective length parameter k and the destabilizing
parameter D for beams and cantilevers with or without intermediate lateral restraints, for
use with NCCI document SN002.
Contents
1. General 2
2. Destabilizing load condition 2
3. Simple beams without intermediate restraint 2
4. Simple beams with intermediate lateral restraint 3

This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
5. Cantilevers without intermediate restraints 4
6. Cantilevers with intermediate lateral restraints 4

Created on Wednesday, March 27, 2013
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SN009a-EN-EU
1. General
The general expression for non-dimensional slenderness, λ LT is given by:
Wy. f y
λ LT = which, as shown in SN002, may also be expressed as:
Mcr
1
λ LT = UVDλ z βw
C1
Where
D is a parameter to allow for the effect of destabilising loads
λz
λz =
λ1
and
kL
λz = in which
iz
L for a beam is the distance between points of restraint to the compression flange
for a cantilever is the length of the cantilever
k is the effective length parameter dependant on the restraint conditions at the supports
and expressions for the other parameters are given in SN002.
2. Destabilizing load condition

The destabilizing load condition should be taken into account where a load is applied to the
top flange of a beam or cantilever, and both the load and the flange are free to deflect laterally
and relative to the shear centre of the cross section (i.e. rotational movements).
3. Simple beams without intermediate restraint

The effective length parameter, k for lateral-torsional buckling of a simple beam with
restraints at the ends only, may be obtained from Table 4.1. If the restraint conditions at each
end differ, the mean value of k should be taken.
For the destabilizing load condition, the destabilizing parameter D should be taken as 1,2
otherwise D should be taken as 1,0.
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The conditions of restraint against rotation on plan of flanges at member supports should be
assessed taking into account the stiffness of the connections as well as the stiffness of the
supporting members or other construction supplying restraint at the supports.
4. Simple beams with intermediate lateral restraint

The effective length parameter, k, for lateral torsional buckling of a simple beam with
intermediate restraints should be taken as 1,0.
For the destabilizing load condition, the destabilizing parameter D should be taken as 1,2
otherwise D should be taken as 1.0.
For the segment between a support and the adjacent intermediate lateral restraint, account
should be taken of the restraint conditions at the support. The effective length parameter k
should be taken as the mean of the value given above and the value given by Table 4.1 for the
restraint conditions at the support.
Table 4.1 Effective length parameter, k
Conditions of restraint at supports K
Compression flange Both flanges fully restrained against rotation 0,7

laterally restrained. on plan.
Nominal torsional restraint Compression flange fully restrained against 0,75
against rotation about rotation on plan.
longitudinal axis.
Both flanges partially restrained against 0,8
rotation on plan.
Compression flange partially restrained 0,85
against rotation on plan.
Both flanges free to rotate on plan. 1,0
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5. Cantilevers without intermediate restraints

The effective length parameter k for lateral-torsional buckling of a cantilever with moment
continuity, lateral and torsional restraint at the support (the common case) and with no
intermediate lateral restraint may be obtained from Table 6.1.
For all other support conditions k and D should be obtained from Annex A and L should be
taken as the length of the cantilever. For the destabilizing load condition, k and D should be
obtained from Annex A and L should be taken as the length of the cantilever, unless the top
flange also has intermediate restraints.
If a bending moment is applied at its tip the effective length parameter k from Table 6.1 or
Annex A should be increased by 30% or by 0.3, whichever is the greater.
6. Cantilevers with intermediate lateral restraints

Provided that the end restraint conditions correspond with Table 6.1 and the load is not
destabilising, the effective length parameter k for lateral torsional buckling of a cantilever
with intermediate restraints to its compression flange should be taken as 1.0, and L should be
taken as the length of the relevant segment between adjacent lateral restraints.
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Table 6.1 Effective length parameter k and destabilizing parameter D for a cantilever without
intermediate restraint, with effective restraint at the support.
Restraint to cantilever tips k D
1) Free 1,0 2,5
2) Lateral restraint to top flange 0,9 2,8
3) Torsional restraint 0,8 1,9
4) Internal and torsional restraint 0,7 1,7

Examples of restraints to cantilever supports, all providing effective moment continuity and lateral and
torsional restraint
Cantilevered beam continuous over supporting beam,
with lateral and torsional restraint.
Discontinuous cantilever, at same level as continuous

supporting beam
Cantilever supported from flange of column

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Annex A: Effective length parameter k and destabilising D for cantilevers without intermediate
restraint, for a range of restraints at the support.
Restraint conditions k D
At support At tip
a) Continuous, with lateral 1) Free 3,0 2,5
restraint to top flange 2) Lateral restraint to 2,7 2,8
top flange
4) Lateral and torsional 2,1 1,7
restraint
b) Continuous, with partial 1) Free 2,0 2,5

torsional restraint 2) Lateral restraint to 1,8 2,8
top flange 1,9
4) Lateral and torsional 1,4
restraint
c) Continuous, with lateral 1) Free 1,0 2,5

and torsional restraint 2) Lateral restraint to 0,9 2,8
top flange
restraint
d) Restrained laterally, 1) Free 0,8 1,75

torsionally and against 2) Lateral restraint to 0,7 2,0
rotation on plan top flange
restraint
Tip restraint conditions

1) Free 2) Lateral restraint to 3) Torsional restraint 4) Lateral and torsional
(not braced on plan) top flange restraint
(braced on plan in at (not braced on plan) (braced on plan in at least

least one bay) one bay)
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Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters for beams
and cantilevers - common cases
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name Company Date
Created by James Way The Steel Construction 22/4/05

Institute
Technical content checked by Charles King The Steel Construction 11/5/05

Institute
Editorial content checked by
Technical content endorsed by the

following STEEL Partners:
1. UK G W Owens SCI 7/7/05
2. France A Bureau CTICM 17/8/05
3. Sweden A Olsson SBI 8/8/05
4. Germany C Muller RWTH 10/8/05
5. Spain J Chica Labein 12/8/05
Resource approved by Technical G W Owens SCI 25/4/06

Coordinator
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
This Translation made and checked by:
Translated resource approved by:
Corrigendum 26/02/08
Reference to SN002 corrected
Page 7

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NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters for beams and cantilevers - common cases

NCCI: Effective lengths and destabilizing load parameters

2. Destabilizing load condition 2

3. Simple beams without intermediate restraint 2

4. Simple beams with intermediate lateral restraint 3

5. Cantilevers without intermediate restraints 4

6. Cantilevers with intermediate lateral restraints 4

D is a parameter to allow for the effect of destabilising loads

2. Destabilizing load condition

3. Simple beams without intermediate restraint

end differ, the mean value of k should be taken.

4. Simple beams with intermediate lateral restraint

Table 4.1 Effective length parameter, k

Conditions of restraint at supports K

Compression flange Both flanges fully restrained against rotation 0,7

5. Cantilevers without intermediate restraints

6. Cantilevers with intermediate lateral restraints

3) Torsional restraint 0,8 1,9

4) Internal and torsional restraint 0,7 1,7

Discontinuous cantilever, at same level as continuous

Cantilever supported from flange of column

b) Continuous, with partial 1) Free 2,0 2,5

c) Continuous, with lateral 1) Free 1,0 2,5

d) Restrained laterally, 1) Free 0,8 1,75

Tip restraint conditions

(braced on plan in at (not braced on plan) (braced on plan in at least

Name Company Date

Created by James Way The Steel Construction 22/4/05

Technical content checked by Charles King The Steel Construction 11/5/05

Editorial content checked by

Technical content endorsed by the

1. UK G W Owens SCI 7/7/05

2. France A Bureau CTICM 17/8/05

3. Sweden A Olsson SBI 8/8/05

4. Germany C Muller RWTH 10/8/05

5. Spain J Chica Labein 12/8/05

Resource approved by Technical G W Owens SCI 25/4/06

This Translation made and checked by:

Translated resource approved by:

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