2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management

for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials (ICSTM),

Veltech Dr.RR & Dr.SR University, Chennai, T.N., India. 2 - 4 August 2017. pp.184-189.

Smart Garbage Monitoring and Clearance System using Internet of Things

S. Vinoth Kumar1, T. Senthil Kumaran2, A. Krishna Kumar3 and Mahantesh Mathapati4

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, ACS College of Engineering Bangalore, India.
Email: 1svinothkumar1984@gmail.com, 2senthilvts@gmail.com,
3
krishnakumar3489@gmail.com, 4manteshkrishna@gmail.com

Abstract— The increase in population, has led to tremendous
degradation in the state of affairs of hygiene with respect to
waste management system. The spillover of waste in civic areas
generates the polluted condition in the neighboring areas. It
may aggravate numerous severe diseases for the nearby
people. This will humiliate the appraisal of the affected area.
For eliminating or mitigating the garbage’s and maintains the
cleanness, it requires ‘smartness based waste management
system. This paper is proposed IOT based smart waste clean
management system which checks the waste level over the
dustbins by using Sensor systems. Once it detected
immediately this system altered to concern authorized through
GSM/GPRS. For this system used Microcontroller as an
interface between the sensor system and GSM/GPRS system.
To monitor and integrate an android application is developed
for the desired information which is related to the various level
of waste in different locations. This is ensued the greenish in
the environment and support for swachh bharat for cleanness.
In Bengaluru kind of city affected a cruel garbage crisis
since August 2012 onwards, as two dumpsites in the
suburbs of the urban were close by villagers against
weakening the ecological and health situation. The
municipality came to be idle as huge kind of garbage put
down spotted on lane and open plot cross urban. The crisis
condition pressed the Bruhat Bengaluru MahanagaraPalike
(BBMP) to make amend in route near sustainable devastate
organization exercise. The BBMP determined to impose
waste parting and distribute waste processing to redirect
squander left from the landfills and endeavour. During
which BBMP initiated and gave emphasis on many
programs such as Information Education and
Communication (IEC) campaign and Wake-Up Clean-Up
Campaign. IEC campaign was established to endorse waste
isolation at basis[2].

Index Terms— Garbage, Microcontroller, GSM/GPRS.
I. INTRODUCTION
In metropolitan or city areas, the clearance of waste
management is one of the challenging tasks for the majority
of the country all over the world. There is need of a well-
organized waste clearance system is mandatory by keeping
green environment [1].
There are many existing expertise mechanism are available
for handling as well as managing waste. But, there is
lacking for gathering information is a major challenging
task. This miscommunication will affect the fast national
growth rate in dense suburban area and also it is increasing
demand for urban ecological protection. This is a major
challenging in waste management system to create a
prototype because the lack of coordination among
government, people and local authority for shipping and
processing waste. Currently the waste gathering is
conventional which acquire a lot of labors and is time
overwhelming process [1].
The “KasaMuktha” ward program was started by BBMO
for wide opportunity in learning and communication to
extend the knowledge about waste isolation from the
starting place then pass on message to the people about the
innovative technology about the garbage gathering and
clearance from their area. The government had made a
public awareness through daily and electronic media for
cleanness program. This program was theoretical exhibition
about the waste management by bringing in cooperation all
the people including administration authority, mass
producer, business place, NGOs and ecological association,
firm squander specialist, service contributor and society at
outsized in to one stage and construct great size agreement
about sustainable dissipate organization exercise[2].
Internet of Things (IoT) is an ecological unit of associated
corporal substance which are reachable during the internet.
The ‘thing’ in IoT could be a an physical devices with
sensor capabilities which are capable to send information
through IP address and ability to communicate information
to base station automatically. This technology helps the
object interrelate with inner and outer side, in revolve
involve the choice chosen. Internet of Things be able to

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 Smart Garbage Monitoring and Clearance System using Internet of Things
interact in various system over internet. The objects can
embody digitally which can be operated or monitored
around the world. This will help the people which can
confine extra information from different places which is
guarantee for increasing effectiveness and recuperating
protection and defence. In this project work bring new
direction for integrating IOT for green environment by
cleaning the waste automatically [3, 4, 5]. The organization
this paper discussed literature survey in chapter 2, proposed
system in chapter 3, result and discussion chapter 4 and
conclusion in chapter 5.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
The literature surveyed some different papers to get
information about the existing work which have been done
SauroLonghi, DavideMarzioni, EmanueleAlidor, Gianluca
Di Bu` o, Mario Prist, Massimo Grisostomi and
MatteoPirro[2] proposed, garbage collector supported by
using sensor motes which is providing information and
status about the bin and also sending the retrieved data
through DTN (Data Transfer Nodes). This bin has a custom
prototype instead of basic installation of sensor nodes. The
whole system is designed for allowing heterogeneous sensor
for communication. A wireless sensor network is helped for
controlling bin by gathering data from motes. The limitation
here is that the information about the bin is not directly
transferred to the server or to the client; it needs to be sent
through the Data Transfer Nodes [1].
ShubhamThakker, R.Narayanamoorthi, in this paper [3],
using the Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy we
can identify the type of plastic. The alienated dissipate
equipment from MSW (municipal solid waste) can be place
in a needy area. By Using an dissenter materials which can
be mix into a uniform material. The entire process is
repeated every hour.. The fermentation mechanism took
place in a sealed atmosphere, where bacteria converted into
undividable enzymes which results in biogas [2]
Andrei Borozdukhin, Olga Dolinina and Vitaly Pechenkin,
[4] this proposed system consists of two parts: software and
special signaling equipment. The equipment is placed on the
side walls of the bin which consists of two parts: one is the
receiver-transmitter and sensor. Sensor is used to indicate
the level of the bin which is connected to the transmitter
that transmits a signal of fullness of the bin to the receiver at
the server host. A manager is appointed at the server side
whose job is to find the shortest route and intimate it to the
truck driver to collect it in a short interval of time [3].
Thompson A.F, Afolayan A.H, Ibidunmoye E.O projected
work about the internet-based platform for the organization
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and monitoring of waste collection, discarding and carrying
etc. This is comprised of the client, server and storage. The
client is the device which can access the pages and forms
used by web application e.g. PDAs, phones, laptops etc. the
desktop is a program that launches the application and
makes it performs over the internet. In this, the back-end
system is the web server and database management system
that supervise the data used by the function to monitor the
movement of data between user and system. The limitation
of this paper is that it only shows the location of the bin in
the web page[4].
III. IOT BASED GARBAGE COLLECTOR
In the proposed system, the level of waste in the dustbins is
detected with the help of Ultrasonic sensor. Force sensor is
used to measure the weight of the dust bin. When the
measured value of sensors exceeds a certain threshold value
then red led becomes ON (i.e.it indicates dustbin is filled
else green led is ON) this information with GPS location
where the dust bin is located is communicated to android
device through GSM system. Android device will detects, in
which area dustbin is located, by comparing coordinates and
updates the location and inform the respective vehicle to
collect the waste. Microcontroller is used to interface the
sensor system with GSM system. This will help in
managing the garbage collection efficiently.
BelalChowdhury, Morshed U Chowdhury [1] explained, an
RFID is used to provide a specific identity to the bins. Each
house bins have been assigned with a unique RFID, using
which the administrator of the municipal area can detect the
amount of waste generated from the particular house. The
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) along with cell
sensor technology is mitigated waste management costs and
facilitated smart waste management systems. Waste
management administrators can assign an RFID waste tag to
take away from bin and this is totally password protected
which ensure data security. The administrator is able to
search for a particular client or house number or write the
addhar card number to the waste tag using the “Write to
Waste Tag” button.
A. Motivation
The key motivation is in achieving efficiency in waste
management sector at the national level. The organization is
inadequate to address the existing identified problems in
waste management.[6] There is no community participation
towards management of waste and sanitation. An effective
guideline must be provided to the public according to the
regional requirements and constraints. This job can be done
by NGOs present in the area. In order to maintain clean and
2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials

hygienic environment in the area around us, we are using as the power supply is switched on, the message “SMART
the technology for better garbage monitoring system. WASTE MANAGEMENT” is displayed on the LCD.
Figure 1 illustrate it.

IV. IMPLEMENTATION

The system is implemented with the help of different

modules which are explained in this section along with code
snippets.
Fig. 1. Initial message displayed on LCD
A. User
The user opens the application. If he is already a registered
member he can login using his Username and password. If
he is new user he should click on the New User button on
the screen which will take him to the register page. In the
registration page the user needs to provide his details and
click on the submit button.[7] In the Login page, if the
entered data matches with the stored data in the database
then Login is successful. If the entered data does not match
then the Login fails and the control returns to the login
page.

B. Status Indicator
Once the user logs in successfully he would be able to
Fig. 2. Message displayed on LCD when bin is empty
access the information like status and location of the bin.
Two LEDs green and red will be placed on the bin. When
the bin is filled or if the weight of the waste inside the bin
exceeds a threshold value then the red LED is lit up. And
the green LED is on when the bin is empty. The overall
process information is being displayed on the LCD display.

C. GSM
The GSM module sends a message saying that the dust bin
is filled along with the position i.e., latitude and longitude
of the bin to the garbage collectors number. A notification
will be sent to the user’s application receiving which the
app gets activated. Hence the waste management can be Fig. 3. Green LED is on when bin is empty
achieved in an efficient way.

D. Web Server
An android application is used by the user to access the
information like latitude, longitude, volume and weight of
the bin. This information is also represented on the web
server and is stored in the database.

V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The hardware components should be connected properly.

The SIM card should be placed properly in the slot provided
in the GSM module[8]. Also ensure that the android phone
and the server should be connected to the internet. As soon Fig. 4. Login Screen

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 Smart Garbage Monitoring and Clearance System using Internet of Things

Fig. 5. Information displayed on the Main Screen when empty

Initially the dustbin is empty the green LED is on. Hence
the message “DUSTBIN NORMAL” is displayed on the
LCD. Figure 2& 3 shows below
Once the user Logs in to the android application he would
be able to see the information regarding the bin around him
on the Main Screen.
Fig. 8. Red LED is on when bin is filled
When the volume of the bin is filled, then the status of the
bin will be updated in the application which will be visible
to the user. If the user wants to see the location of the bin,
he can click on the Map button.

When the user clicks on the Map button, he will be taken to

the Google Maps where the location of the bin is displayed.

Figure 4, 5 &6 shown below.

Fig. 9. Information displayed on the Main Screen when the bin

is filled

When the content inside the bin exceeds the specified

threshold value, red LED is on and the message “HIGH
WEIGHT” is displayed on the LCD.

Fig. 6. Location of the bin displayed on Google maps

Once the dustbin is filled, the red LED automatically lit up

and the message “DUSTBIN FILLED” is displayed on the
LCD. Figure 7,9,10 &11 shown below.

Fig. 7. Message dispalyed on LCD when bin is filled Fig. 10. Message displayed on when weight exceeds

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2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Technologies and Management for Computing, Communication, Controls, Energy and Materials
When the content of the bin is filled, then the status of the
bin will be updated in the application which will be visible
to the user. If the user wants to see the location of the bin,
he can click on the Map button. Figure 11&12 illustrate it.
Fig. 11. Information displayed when the weight is heavy
In the server, the information regarding the bin such as
volume, weight, latitude, longitude with date and time is
updated on the database.
Fig 12. Information displayed about the bin on the server
VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
In the entire world, waste management is a major
challenging one. If it is not properly dispose or cleaned
which will causes lot of deceases and spoil the green
environment. There is need of new mechanism to properly
dispose the waste. In our project, we have developed an
efficient waste management system [9]. Technology is been
used to provide better garbage disposal methods in urban
areas. We have used sensors to indicate if the bins are filled
or empty. When filled a truck driver receives a message to
clean the bin. This system is eliminating the current day
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status about the bins which are the most of the time laying
in a pathetic situation regarding full of garbage without
being cleaned. We have also developed an android
application through which the user can find a bin near him
to throw the trash. This creates a direct connection where
every citizen is doing his part in maintain a clean
environment around him [10]. A web server is also been set
up through which the municipal authorities also get
information about the bins in their area.
This project came in comfortable which a worthy
elucidation for maintaining green environment. This model
is providing lot opportunity of improvement and future
development. In our project, the following enhancements
can be made.
This project is made for demo concern, it can be taken to
product level
It can be made durable, by making it compact and cost
effective
All the components and controlling unit can be
embedded on the bin
Two bins can be placed to collect wet and dry waste
separately. Wet waste can be decomposed and used for
making biogas.
REFERENCES
[1] BelalChowdhury, Morshed U Chowdhury “RFID-
based Real-time Smart Waste Management System”,
in 2007 Australasian Telecommunication Networks
and Applications Conference December 2nd – 5th
2007, Christchurch, New Zealand.
[2] SauroLonghi, DavideMarzioni†, EmanueleAlidor,
Gianluca Di Bu` o, Mario Prist, Massimo Grisostomi
and MatteoPirro “Solid Waste Management
Architecture using Wireless Sensor Network
technology” in Universit`aPolitecnicadelle Marche,
Dipartimento di Ingegneriadell’Informazione Via
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[5] Thompson A.F, Afolayan A.H, Ibidunmoye E.O,
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