Arduino Based Automatic Plant Irrigation System With Message Alert

2/15/2018 Arduino based Automatic Plant Irrigation System with Message Alert
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Arduino based Automatic Plant Irrigation System with Message

Alert (/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-plant-
watering-system)
By Saddam (/users/saddam) 33 Comments (/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-plant-
watering-system/#comments)
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Arduino based Automatic Plant Irrigation Project with SMS Alert
Whenever we go out of town for few days, we always used to worry about our plants as they need water on
regular basis. So here we are making Automatic Plant Irrigation System using Arduino, which
automatically provides water to your plants and keep you updated by sending message to your cell phone.
https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-plant-watering-system 1/26
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Code
Project Design
In This Plant Watering System, Soil Moisture Sensor checks the moisture level
(https://circuitdigest.com/electronic-circuits/soil-moisture-sensor-circuit-diagram) in the soil and if moisture
level is low then Arduino switches On a water pump to provide water to the plant. Water pump gets
automatically off when system nds enough moisture in the soil. Whenever system switched On or off the
pump, a message is sent to the user via GSM module, updating the status of water pump and soil moisture.
This system is very useful in Farms, gardens, home etc. This system is completely automated and there is
no need for any human intervention.
Required Components:
Arduino Uno
GSM Module
Transistor BC547 (2)
Connecting wires
16x2 LCD (optional)
Power supply 12v 1A
Relay 12v
Water cooler pump
Soil Moisture Sensor
Resistors (1k, 10k)
Variable Resister (10k, 100k)
Terminal connector
Voltage Regulator IC LM317
GSM Module:
Here we have used TTL SIM800 GSM module. The SIM800 is a complete Quad-band GSM/GPRS Module
which can be embedded easily by customer or hobbyist. SIM900 GSM Module provides an industry-
standard interface; the SIM800 delivers GSM/GPRS 850/900/1800/1900MHz performance for voice, SMS,
Data with low power consumption. The design of this SIM800 GSM Module is slim and compact. It is easily
available in the market or online from eBay.
Quad - band GSM/GPRS module in small size.

GPRS Enabled
TTL Output
Learn more about GSM module and AT commands here (http://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-

projects/wireless-notice-board-using-gsm-and-arduino#gsm_module). Also check our various projects using
GSM and Arduino (http://circuitdigest.com/search/node/arduino%20GSM) for properly understand their
interfacing.
Circuit Explanation:
In this Plant Irrigation System, we have used a Homemade Soil Moisture Sensor Probe to sense the soil
moisture level. To make probe, we have cut and etched a Copper clad Board
(http://circuitdigest.com/article/how-to-make-a-pcb-at-home) according to the Picture shown below. One
side of the probe is directly connected to Vcc and other probe terminal goes to the base of BC547 transistor.
A potentiometer is connected to the base of the transistor to adjust the sensitivity of the sensor.
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Arduino is used for controlling whole the process of this Automatic Plant Watering System. The output of
soil sensor circuit is directly connected to digital pin D7 of Arduino. A LED is used at the sensor circuit, this
LED’s ON state indicates the presence of moisture in the soil and OFF state indicates the absense of
moisture in the soil.
GSM module is used for sending SMS to the user. Here we have used TTL SIM800 GSM module, which
gives and takes TTL logic directly (user may use any GSM module). A LM317 Voltage regulator is used to
power the SIM800 GSM module. LM317 (http://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/12v-battery-
charger-circuit-diagram-using-lm317) is very sensitive to voltage rating and it is recommended to read its
datasheet before use. Its operating voltage rating is 3.8v to 4.2v (please prefer 3.8v to operate it). Below is
the Circuit Diagram of Power Supply given to the TTL sim800 GSM Module:
If user wants to use SIM900 TTL Module then he should use 5V and if the user wants to use SIM900
Module then apply 12v in the DC Jack slot of the board.
A 12V Relay is used to control the 220VAC small water pump. The relay is driven by a BC547 Transistor
which is further connected to digital pin 11 of Arduino.
An optional LCD is also used for displaying status and messages. Control pins of LCD, RS and EN are
connected to pin 14 and 15 of Arduino and data pins of LCD D4-D7 are directly connected at pin 16, 17, 18
and 19 of Arduino. LCD is used in 4-bit mode (http://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/arduino-lcd-
interfacing-tutorial) and driven by Arduino’s inbuilt LCD library.
Below is the circuit diagram of this Irrigation System with arduino and soil moisture sensor:
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Water Irrigation System
(/fullimage?i=circuitdiagram_mic/arduino-based-automatic-plant-irrigation-system-circuit-Diagram.png)
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Working Explanation:
Working of this Automatic Plant Irrigation System is quite simple. First of all, it is a Completely Automated
System and there is no need of manpower to control the system. Arduino is used for controlling the whole
process and GSM module is used for sending alert messages to user on his Cellphone.
If moisture is present in soil then there is conduction between the two probes of Soil Moisture sensor and
due to this conduction, transistor Q2 remains in triggered/on state and Arduino Pin D7 remains Low. When
Arduino reads LOW signal at D7, then it sends SMS to user about “Soil Moisture is Normal. Motor turned
OFF” and water pump remains in Off state.
Now if there is no Moisture in soil then Transistor Q2 becomes Off and Pin D7 becomes High. Then Arduino
reads the Pin D7 and turns On the water motor and also sends message to user about “Low Soil Moisture
detected. Motor turned ON”. Motor will automatically turn off when there is suf cient moisture in the soil.
Further check the Demonstration Video and Code (given at the end) for better understanding the project
working process.
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Programming Explanation:
Code for this program is easily understandable. First of all we have included SoftwareSerial library to make
pin 2 and 3 as Rx & Tx and also included LiquidCrystal for LCD. Then we de ned some variables for motor,
soil moisture sensor, LED etc.
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial Serial1(2,3);
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(14,15,16,17,18,19);
int led=13;
int flag=0;
String str="";
#define motor 11
#define sensor 7
Then in void setup () function, serial communication is initialized at 9600 bps and directions are given to the
various Pins. gsmInit function is called for initialize the GSM module.
Serial1.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);
pinMode(sensor, INPUT_PULLUP);
lcd.print("Water Irrigaton");
lcd.setCursor(4,1);
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Circuit Digest");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Welcomes You");
delay(2000);
gsmInit();
Then sensor is read in void loop () function, and motor is turned on or off according to the sensor status and
a SMS is also being sent to the user using sendSMS function. Check the various functions in full code given
at the end.
void loop()
{
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Automatic Mode ");
if(digitalRead(sensor)==1 && flag==0)
{
delay(1000);
if(digitalRead(sensor)==1)
{
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
sendSMS("Low Soil Moisture detected. Motor turned ON");
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
.... ......
..... ......
Here the gsmInit () function is important and users mostly nd it dif cult to set if properly. It is used to
initialize the GSM module, where rstly GSM module is checked whether it is connected or not by sending
‘AT’ command to GSM module. If response OK is received, means it is ready. System keeps checking for the
module until it becomes ready or until ‘OK’ is received. Then ECHO is turned off by sending the ATE0
command, otherwise GSM module will echo all the commands. Then nally Network availability is checked
through the ‘AT+CPIN?’ command, if inserted card is SIM card and PIN is present, it gives the response
READY. This is also check repeatedly until the network is found. This can be clearly understood by the Video
below.
void gsmInit()
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Finding Module..");
boolean at_flag=1;
while(at_flag)
{
Serial1.println("AT");
while(Serial1.available()>0)
{
if(Serial1.find("OK"))
at_flag=0;
}
delay(1000);
}
.... .....
..... .....
So with this Automatic Irrigation System, you don’t need to worry about your plants when you are away
from your home. It can be further enhanced to be operated and monitored over the internet.
Code:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial Serial1(2,3);
#include<LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(14,15,16,17,18,19);
int led=13;
int ag=0;
String str="";
#de ne motor 11
#de ne sensor 7
void setup()
{
lcd.begin(16,2);
Serial1.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motor, OUTPUT);
pinMode(sensor, INPUT_PULLUP);
lcd.print("Water Irrigaton");
lcd.setCursor(4,1);
delay(2000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Circuit Digest");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Welcomes You");
delay(2000);
gsmInit();
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("System Ready");
}
void loop()
{
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Automatic Mode ");
if(digitalRead(sensor)==1 && ag==0)
{
delay(1000);
{
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
sendSMS("Low Soil Moisture detected. Motor turned ON");
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Motor ON ");
digitalWrite(motor, HIGH);
delay(2000);
ag=1;
}
}
else if(digitalRead(sensor)==0 && ag==1)

{
delay(1000);
{
digitalWrite(led, LOW);
sendSMS("Soil Moisture is Normal. Motor turned OFF");
digitalWrite(motor, LOW);
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.print("Motor OFF");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Motor OFF");
delay(2000);
ag=0;
}
}
}

void sendSMS(String msg)
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Sending SMS");
Serial1.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(500);
Serial1.print("AT+CMGS=");
Serial1.print('"');
Serial1.print("+919610126059"); // number
Serial1.print('"');
Serial1.println();
delay(500);
Serial1.println(msg);
delay(500);
Serial1.write(26);
delay(1000);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("SMS Sent");
delay(1000);
lcd.begin(16,2);
}
void gsmInit()
{
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Finding Module..");
boolean at_ ag=1;
while(at_ ag)
{
Serial1.println("AT");
{
if(Serial1. nd("OK"))
at_ ag=0;
}
delay(1000);
}
Serial1.println("ATE0");
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Finding Network..");
boolean net_ ag=1;
while(net_ ag)
{
Serial1.println("AT+CPIN?");
{
if(Serial1. nd("READY"))
net_ ag=0;
break;
}
delay(1000);
}
Serial1.println("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0");
delay(1000);
Serial1.println("AT+CMGF=1");
delay(1000);
Serial1.println("AT+CSMP=17,167,0,0");
lcd.clear();
Serial1. ush();
}
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Add new comment (/microcontroller-projects/arduino-automatic-plant-watering-system#comment-form)
Comments (33)
reply (/comment/reply/654/9282)
James Cantlay
This is a ne way to explain these mini micros. Thank you this morning for waking me up.
Dec 18, 2016
Daryl
Hello,
I am totally new to Arduino, having never built anything. However, this is exactly what I am
looking for to monitor moisture levels in a plant stacker system I am building. I have been
searching the Internet and there are quite a few sites suggesting power should not be
continually applied to the moisture sensor to prevent it from corroding. If I get one reading per
hour it would be suf cient.
One way to accomplish this would be to connect it to a timer that powers it up every hour for
long enough to take a reading, then powers it off again. But it seems there should be a better
way.
Suggestions?
Dec 30, 2016
Maddy (/users/maddy)
Copper does not corrode easily, its turns green on oxidation. Even if we dont give power
it will corrode. But if you dont want to provide power for long duration then use some
(/users/maddy) Timer ICs which can give long time period.
Feb 27, 2017
thiru
in the code second line SoftwareSerial Serial1(2,3);
the software shows me to delete that line only .if i delete it the project will work or not
say me please
Feb 16, 2017
Maddy (/users/maddy)
It wont work without this line.
Feb 27, 2017
(/users/maddy)
s.prabhu kumar
I want to do a project on "ardineo based solar automatice plant irrigation by voice mesage,with
options .as, if we want to" ON press 1" and "if we want to OFF press 2".
Feb 24, 2017
aparna
Is this is useful for all layers of earth if one of the layer is wet land this sensor is useful for this
layer land also
Mar 04, 2017
Ron
Hi...please I've implemented circuit and it works ne except for the GSM part. I don't receive
the message even though LCD displays message sent. What could be the cause.
Apr 17, 2017
Lucas
Did you nd the solution? I am also experiencing trouble
Jan 05, 2018
RAHEEM
GSM based arduino programmable automatic irrigation system with water level
indicator,moisture sensor and temperature sensor. When the gsm module receives a message
from the user the arduino should check the water, moisture and temperature level and send
these details to the user via text message. Receiving this message user can decide whether
the motor should be switch on for a certain time period.According to the message from user
motor should switch on.
Apr 19, 2017
Kalidass P
As our project is same as yours.we have some doubt in programming.....So,please send
your Arduino Programming for our reference.....As it will be usefull for us.
Jan 24, 2018
B.Aswinth Raj (/users/baswinth-raj)
The program is already given above. All the best for your project
Jan 24, 2018
(/users/baswinth-
raj)
Simaila Issah
Please I am working on similar project but I am ning it dif cult to simulate with proteus
because the Arduino and the GSM module do not have some pins showing. Any assistance
will be much appreciated. Thank you.
Apr 26, 2017
M saleh
Hi,this is very informative about the project thanx for providing,,,i want to do this project for my
nal year should i go for it using microcontroller or through this aurdino based plx state which
one will be easy using microntroller aurdino
May 02, 2017
Dee
Hi Mr Maddy, I am a student studying Irrigation Engineering, but I have a little bit background
of electronics and arduino. Can I have all the components you have used in your projects and
their functions, as well as comments in every stage of your arduino code, so that I will be able
to follow, I want to do a nal project like this one, of integrating electronics in irrigation
systems. I will be glad if you use the above email. Thank you in advance
May 10, 2017
keerthana prabhu
Hi, i have started with this project , But i got stuck in between and i dont know where the
mistake is. when i connect Arduino with gsm module, the circuit goes off. and I am using gsm
900.can you send me the proper circuit diagram and code to the above mail. thank you : )
May 17, 2017
divya
I m facing problem that while running code output is always high,means relay is always on .
And if condition is running ....its print statement are displayed on lcd but loW condition noT
running.
What cud be the reason
May 19, 2017
Katestramenos
- You may have messed up the circuitry. Check again what goes where. (Maybe you have
connected the transistor wrong?)
- You may be using a wrong or faulty transistor to control the relay. (Maybe you are using
a PNP instead of an NPN one?)
- (If you have modi ed the code) you may have messed up some command. (Maybe you
are sending "digitalWrite(motor, HIGH)" when you should send "LOW" instead).
Jun 15, 2017
Win naing
We have the same problem.
Please help me bro .
Oct 10, 2017
manoj joshi
pleas give me inforamation about that becoz i am making project in that
May 25, 2017
John Pathrick Andres
Hi , is ok to use a submersible water pump ? and can u make a diagram for your breadboard
pls . I am making this project of yours . pls help me Thank You :)
Jun 14, 2017
saibaba
hii im using sim800a type gsm module. check wheather my module outout is ttl or not..?
Jul 24, 2017
Dip
I want to buy this project...can u help me ????
Aug 27, 2017
M.GOPI KRISHNAN
in the above given project ,where u have assigned the analog pin for moisture sensor in
arduino uno..
Sep 06, 2017
B.Aswinth Raj (/users/baswinth-raj)
Hi gopi,
In this project the moisture sensor is used as a digital sensor and it is connected to
(/users/baswinth- digital pin 7 of Arduino
raj) Sep 06, 2017
Anil
hello,
i am doing this project but unable to get the 3.8v output from the ckt dig.and the relay is also
not working when connected to ckt.i check the relay is not damaged.so can u help me please.
Oct 04, 2017
M. Kamal
Thank you your kindly effort. I haven't any comments. Thank you again.
Oct 10, 2017
edward Jekete
Dear Colleagues,
I implemented this circuit but want to add remote control functionality using SMS by the user.
How can I improve the code to enable to remotely control the system using SMS ie overriding
the automation when arises.
Oct 25, 2017
Elairion
Hi! I'd like to do this project for school, but the GSM module isn't available. How must I modify
this so that it would not require using the GSM module? Thanks! ;)
Nov 12, 2017
revanth
plss tell me the connection gsm to arduino
Nov 17, 2017
Arun
Pls send a clear photo of circuit and simple connection diagram
Dec 21, 2017
subhash
how can use in by solar pannel
Jan 10, 2018
AM
Hello,
can I get the schematic of the project using the Fritzing software?
I want to etch the circuit on a printed circuit board.
Jan 25, 2018
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